The Statesman (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 49, No. 135, Ed. 1 Tuesday, October 12, 1920 Page: 4 of 10
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MONDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1920.
r
THE STATESMAN
PAGE FOUR
Letters From the People
CAPITAL PRINTING COMPANY.
FAVORS ARTICLE X.
F-
RIPTION RATE&
-
PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNS
XX. The McKinley-Bryan Race of 1900.
By Frederic J. Haskin.
The President’s Speech at Paris
And now every girl baby, also, is a presidential possibility.
-0-
The Discoverer’s Story
A
ished shortly after the Manhattan line.
too
an
ANSWERS TO
QUESTIONS
The President then urged "our friends from Rumania and from
na” to remember that they were gaining considerable territories
I
NIG
0
This, remember, is an undisputed part of the President’s remarks.
That part which Simonds and, after him, Spencer, is said to have mis-
quoted reads, according to Caclson, as follows: —> -
that he had at a price several times
their face value.
from
The
Just
to th
studi
Nig
will I
lette
a gre
schoc
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era h
Watling Island, one of the
Salvador” of Columbus. Here,
How can a power like the United States, for example—for
I can speak for no other—after signing this treaty, if it con-
tains elements which they do not believe will be permanent,
go three thousand miles away across the sea and report to the
people that it has made a settlement of the peace of the world?
It cannot do so. And yet there underlies all of these trans-
actions, the expectation on the part for example, of Rumania
and of Czecho-Slovakia and of Serbia, that if any covenants
of this settlement are not observed, the United States will
send her armies and her navies to see that they are ob-
served.
The Carlson version, made public a year and several months after
the adjournment of the peace conference and—happy coincidence—
just when it might be useful to the President's party in a political
campaign, shows, however, that President Wilson spoke, in part, as
follows:
MARQUARD FINED $1
FOR TICKET SCALPING
A cat may look at a king but for a monkey to bite one is at least
a social error.
Entered as second-clasa matter
____________________ of Cog
SUE
Cloumbus landed, bearing the royal banner of Spain, and accompanied
by the greater part of the crews of his three ships, "Santa Maria,”
The meaning, therefore, of the disputed paragraph is this: Since
Roumania, Cecho-Slovakia and Serbia expect the United States to send
their armies and navies to uphold these settlements, the United States
I write this to tell you how in thirty-three days I sailed to the
Indies with the fleet that the illustrous King and Queen,our Sovereigns
part of Rumania, and of Czecho-Slovakia, and of Serbia, that if any
covenants of this settlement are not observed the United States will
send her armies and navies to see that they are observed,” is a vain
expectation, the President’s defense of insistence by the American dele-
gation upon arrangements to which the representatives of Rumania,
Czecho-Slovakia and Serbia objected, falls to the ground. Take away
the suggestion that the United States may be depended upon to send
their armies and fleets, and nothing is left of the answer to Bratiano,
the Rumanian premier, who, according to the President’s speech, had
“suggested that we could not, so to say, invade the sovereignty of
Rumania, an ancient sovereignty, and make certain prescriptions with
regard to the rights of minorities.”
Thus, while it seems to convict Senator Spencer of adopting a
false report of the President’s remarks—in the absence of any cor-
rect report—the text made public by the White House is likely to prove
considerably more valuabe, as "campaign ammunition,” to Spencer’s
party than to President Wilson’s.
We are trying to make a peaceful settlement; that is to
say, to eliminate those elements of disturbance, so far as pos-
sible, which may interfere with the peace of the world, and we
are trying to make an equitable distribution of territories, ac-
cording to the races, the ethnographical character of the peo-
ple inhabiting those territories.
And back of that lies this fundamentally important fact
when the decisions are made, the allied and associated pow-
ers guarantee to maintain them.
comremorationof His Divine Majesty, who has wonderfully granted
all this. The Indians call it Guanaham. The second I named the island
of Santa-Maria de Concepcion; the third, Fernandina; the fourth, Isa-
bella; the fifth, Juana, and thus to each one I gave a new name.
When I came to Juana, I followed the coast of that isle toward
the west, and found it so extensive that I thought it might be the main-
land, the province of Cathay ; and as I found no towns nor villages on
the sea coast, except a few small settlements, where it was impossible
to speak to the people because they fled at once, I continued the said
route, thinking I could not fail to see some great cities or towns, and
finding at the end of many leagues that nothing new appeared, and
that the coast led northward, contrary to my wish because the winter
had already set in, I decided to make for the south, and as the wind
also w'is against my proceeding, I determined not to wait there longer,
and turned back to a certain harbor whence I sent two men to find
out whether there was any king or large city. They explored for three
days, and found countless small communities and people without num-
ber but with no kind of government. So they returned. I heard
from other Indians I had already taken that this land was an island,
and thus followed the eastern coast for one hundred and seven leagues
until I came to the end of it.
From that point I saw another isle to the eastward, at eighteen
leagues distance, to which I gave the name of Hispaniola. I went
thither and followed its northern coast to the east, as I had done in
THE STATESMAN
PUBLISHED DAILY, AFTERNOON AND MIGMT, AND SUNDAY Ma3RNING, NT
I should be very sorry to see this meeting adjourn with
permanent impressions such as it is possible have been created
by some of the remarks that our friends have made. I should
be very sorry to have the impression lodged in your minds
that the great powers desire to assume or play any arbitrary
role in these great matters, or assume, because of any pride
of authority, to exercise an undue influence in these matters,
and therefore I want to call your attention to one aspect of
these questions which has not been dwelt upon.
Q. What is the origin of the ex- l
pression "blocks of five” in politics? I
1. M. C.
MEMBERS OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS.
The Asociate Pres la exclusitely entitle to the use for publleation of
all news and dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in thia paper,
and also the local news published heroin. All righta of publication of special
dispatches herein are also reserved. _
-
Then follows the statement, previously quoted, of the "funda-
mentally important fact,” that "when the decisions are made the al-
lied and associated powers guarantee to maintain them.” That is the
"aspect of these questions” to which the President called attention,
afterward asking:
Bahamas, is suppoed to be the "San
on the morning of October 12, 1492,
A. In the campaign of 1880, a “prac-
tical” politician in Indiana devised a
plan or system for handling the pur-
chasable vote in that State in “blocks
of five.”
“not the interventions of those who would interfere bet the action
of those who would help..”
Next came the matter said to have been misquoted by Simonds.
Here is the last sentence of that paragraph, together with the first
sentence of the paragraph immediately following it in the President’s
speech:
And yet there underlies all of these transactions, the
expectation on the part, for example, of Rumania and of
Czecho-Slovakia and of Serbia, that if any covenants of this
settlement are not observed, the United States will send her
armies and her navies to see that they are observed.
In those circumstances, is it unreasonable that the United
States should insistapon being satisfied that the settlements
are correct?
In those circumstances is it unreasonable and unjust that,
not as dictators, but as friends, the great powers should say
to their associates: "We cannot afford to guarantee terri-
torial settlements which we do not believe to be right and we
can not agree to leave elements of disturbance unremoved
which we believe will disturb the peace of the world?"
Q. Why was the convention, which
gave me, where I discovered^ great many islands, inhabited by num-
berless people; and of all I hive taken possession for their Highnesses
by proclamation and display of the Royal Standard without opposition.
and that when approached by a Brook-
lyn friend who asked him if he had any
for sale, made a sem i -joking remark
Q. When was the subway bult in
New York City? T. C. V.
A. Underground rapid transit in New
York City was first provided for by a
commission in January, 1900. Work
was begun in that year, and a road
constructed from one end of Manhattan
to the other. It was opened to the pub-
By carrier:
Austin. anywhere within corporate
limits. dally and Sunday, per
month ..............................
Austin, anywhere within corporate
limits. dally and Sunday, per
year .../....................$7.00
Sunday morning edit < on.
campaign when McKinley was in any
danger of defeat. The Demorats ac-
cepted his re-election as a matter of
course. The mingling of Northern and
Southern soldiers in the campaigns in
Cuba and the Philippines had obliter-
ated the last vestige of the old sec-
tional strife, and when President Mc-
Kinley made his Southern tour he
buried the “bloody shirt” for all time
to come.
Q. Is platinum a soft or hard metal?
B. O. S.
A. The bureau of standards says
that pure platinum, though harder than
copper, silver or gold, is a soft metal.
If is ductile and malleable and can
be hammered, rolled, drawn and welded.
Q. What per cent of dsability is re-
quired in order to receive vocational
education? A. E. F.
A. Every man who was 10 per cent
disabled durng the World War is en-
titled to vocational training to fit him
to earn his own living.
league* without finding land, now fell at Columbus’ feet and im-
plored his pardon. With much ceremony, Columbus declared the new
land territory of the Spanish sovereigns, Ferdinand and Isabella.
The large island called “Juana,” is Cuba, discovered October 28,
1492, and named in honor of Prince John (Juan), son of Ferdinand
and Isabella The island called "Hispaniola” is Haiti.
Columbus’ confidence in the strength of his garrison at "Navidad"
and the cowardice of the Haitian natives, proved mistaken. Navidad
was founded December 26, 1492. Returning to its site the following
September, Columbus found his "city" a memory. The garrison, of
some 40 men, had been killed, and the "fortifications” burned, by
the Indians.
Luis de Santangel, to whom Columbus addressed his first account
of the discovery, was responsible for the calling back of the great
navigator to Granada after he had given up hope of assistance from
the Spanish rulers and departed with the intention of going to France.
Columbus had journeyed as far as the "Bridge of Pines” when a mes-
senger from the court overtook him and turned him back for another,
and successful conference.
The letter to Santangel was written, off the Canary Islands, aboard
the caravel "Nina,” in which Columbus returned from the New World,
his flagship, the "Santa Maria,” having been wrecked on the Haitian ,
coast two days after the founding of Navidad.
The White House has made public a so-called "official” version of
President Wilson’S address at the eighth plenary session of the peace
conference, the object being to discredit a recent declaration by Sen-
ator Spencer of Missour that the President promised Rumania and
Serbia American aid to maintain their boundary lines. Spencer had
relied upon the version of the President’s speech contained in an ar
tide by Frank H. Simonds and printed in the Congressional Record
nearly a year ago. The official version given out by the White House
is different. Simonds had quoted the President as saying: “If the
world should be troubled again, if the conditions we regard as funda-
mental are challenged the guarantees which will be given you will
pledge that the United State* will send its army and fleet across the
ocean.” The White House version, supplied by Fred A. Carlson, a
stenographer attached to the American peace delegation, shows the
President did not use this language. Apparently, therefore, Senator
Spencer misstated the President’s words—not intentionally, but be-
cause he trusted Simonds’ article. This, by the way, was the only re-
port availble to him and was said to be founded on the notes of M.
Mantoux, who recorded the proceedings for all powers concerned. The
State. Not even Mr. Roosevelt openly
opposed it then. But Platt knew that
he could not hold Roosevelt down, so
he decided to get rid of him. He would
kick him upstairs.
Putting Roosevelt in the Waste Basket.
Therefore he went to the Republican
convention at Philadelphia with his
plans all laid. The nomination of Mc-
Kinley was assured, although there
was a little Roosevelt talk from the
Western States, States that had gone
for Bryan four years before. Hanna
By Associated Press.
CLEVELAND, Ohio, Oct. 12.—Rich-
ard ("Rube") Mnrquard of the Brook-
lyn Nationals was fined $1 and costs
In the local municipal court here this
morning on a charge of violating the
exhibition ticket ordinance. President
Heydler of the National League, who
was in ourt with Marquard, stated
that as the violation was merely tech-
nical, he would take no further action
in the matter,
President Heydler said. however,
that he did not believe that Marquard
would be in the National League next
year.
“Marquard has hurt Brooklyn and he
has hurt the National League by his
action.'* wild Mr. Heydler.
Mnrauard. who had asked for a spe-
permanent.
It seems hardly possible that anyone reading the entire spech,
as now made public by the White House, can fail to see that the whole
argument by which the President answered objections of the repre-
sentatives of Rumania and other small powers to the arrangements
made by himself and other representatives of the great powers, rests
upon what he terms the “fundamentally important fact" that all these
arrangements are to be enforced by the great powers, including, of
course, the United States. If, for example, “the expectation on the
aker, Wolcott and Lodge, and the con-,
vention was going as they directed.
Hanna wanted Cornelius N Bliss or
Senator Allison nominated for Vice
President, Vice President Hobart hav-
ing died in office. Platt took Quay
into his scheme. They must get rid
of Roosevelt. So they organised the
willing Westerners and began whoop-
ing it up for Roosevelt for second
place. The dangejous man was to be
buried alive in the vice presidency.
Colonel Roosevelt was already a can-
didate for President for the campaign
of 1904. He believed that his interests
could be advanced more readily if he
remained Governor of New York than
if he were made Vice President. He
protested with earnestness and vehem-
ence. He fought as hard as he pos-
sibly could, but the enthusiasm for the
one war hero wh'o had weathered the
storms of two years was so great that
was known as the Albany convention,
held n that small city in 1754, rather
---- than in New York or Boston ? W. A. M.
Marquard ‘s statement was overheard A. Albany was selected because it
by a detective, who, when he saw the was In tle heart of the Iroquois Nation
tickets in the hands of the, pitcher, and it was the best place in which to
arrested him on the charge of specu- negotiate with the Iroquois for th* pur-
luting. • i pose of estabiishing friendly relutiona.
"Pinta," and “Nina.” Kneeling upon the shore, the voyagers gave
— - __________ thanks to God for their safe arrjval, “kissing the ground, with tears
declared the arrangements of the larger powers’ representatives of joy.” The sailors who had threatened mutiny after proceeding 750
Carlson report appeared in print, for the first time, on October 11. To the first island1 discovered 1 gave the name of San Salvador, in
1920. ---- -..... - - . -
WASHINGTON, Oct. 7.—Lone before
the national conventions met in the
summer of 1900 everybody knew that
the Republicans would renominate
President McKinley, and that the
Democrats would again follow the
leadership of Mr. Bryan. McKinley’s
renomination was made c ertain because
of the great prosperity which blessed,
the country, because of the successful
issue of the War with Spain, and be-
cause of the perfection of the organi-
sation of the Republican party under
TELEPHONES
Business Manager ................ 150/Display Advertising •••••••••••’• 4428
Andlilni, Depastmniit’ iieulati ! BdltorUl Ro®mx................. 1241
>■* CUMinW AA».............. WlB—lty ........................”•
th. postottice at Au.Ha. Tezaa, under th Aet
.» of March ». 1*7*._______
Mcn"senatord thatcoterta °wihPthe and his senatorial coterie ruled every-
admintistratton: Bryams renominatien thins.nThere -werePlattandAuay,
was made certain by his popularity lFairbanks and Alison, Depewand For-
Q. Are there any States where chil-
dren do not have to go to school?
-------------------,----------------------
A. The bureau of education says
that all of the States have compulsory
attendance laws, requirng that children
attend school at least until they are
14 years of age.
aSFtSHKSFS? S®
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Bubscribers in the city who do not receive their papere by 7 o’clock on woon
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• nates t-Europe: , i is i may justly insist that the settlements are such as are likely to prove
Dolly anq Sunday, per month, icluaing ..................... ‘218/ ' ‘ ‘
Dolly ana sunday. psr year, ineluding postage............................ J.
Sunday edAtto, per year, including postage ............ *
Juana, one hundred and seventy-eight leagues to the east, as in Juana.
This islad, like all the others, is most extensive. It has many ports
along the seacoast excelling any in Christendom and many fine large
flowing livers the land there is elevated with many mountains and
peaks incomparably higher than in the center isle. They are most
beautiful, of a thousand varied forms, accessible and full of trees of
endless variety so high that they seem to touch the sky and I have been
told that they never lose their foliage. • • •
Hispaniola is a marvel. Its hills and mountains, fine plains and
open country are rich and fertile for planting and pasturage and for
building town* and villages. The seaports there are incredibly fine, as
also the magnificent rivers, most of which bear gold. The trees, fruits
and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. There are many spices
and vast mines of gold and other metals in this island. They have no
iron, nor steel nor weapons, nor are they fit for them, because though
they are well made, of commanding stature, they appear extraordinarily
timid. The only arms they have are sticks of cane, cut when in seed,
with a sharpened stick at the end and they are afraid to use. • • •
Directly I reached the Indies in the first isle I discovered, I took
by force some of the natives that from them we might gain some in-
formation of what there was in these parts, and so it was that we im-
mediately understood each other either, by words or signs. They are
still with me and still believe that I come from heaven. They were
the first to declare this where ever I went, and the others ran from
house to house, and to the towns around, crying out "Come! Come and
see the men from heaven!" • • •
In Hispaniola, in the most convenient place, most accessible for the
gold mines and all commerce with the mainland on this side or with
that of the great Khan on the other, with which there would be great
trade and profit, I have taken possession of a large town which I have
named the City of Navidad. I began fortifications there which should
be completed by this time and I have left in it men enough to hold it,
with arms, artillery and provisions for more than a year • • • I am
so friendly with the king of that country that he was proud to call
me his brother and hold me as such. Even should he change his mind
•nd wish to quarrel with my men neither he nor his subjects know
what arm* are, nor Year clothes, as I have said. They are the most
timid people in the world, so that only the men remaining there could
destroy the whole region. • • •
The eternal and Almighty God, our Lord, it is Who gives to all
who walk in his way victory over things apparently impossible, and
in this case signally so, because although these lands had been imagined
and talked of before they were seen, most men listented incredulously
to what was thought to be an idle tale.—Christopher Columbus writing
on Feb. 15. 1493, to Louis De Santangel, collector of the ecclesiastical
revenues of the crown of Aragon.
rial hearing of his case, in view of the
fact that he might participate in to-
day’s game, appeared in court accom-
panied by National Lengue Attorney
Joseph Heintzman. The case was
quickly disposed of. Judge Silbert,
after listening to testimony of the de-
tective who arrested Marquard, and
the statement of the Brooklyn pitcher,
said that he felt that Marquard had
been sufficiently punished by the na-
tion wide publicity from the art and
that he would fine him $1 and_costs,
and dismissed the case.
It was brought out during the testi-
mony that Marquard had but twenty-
four tickets for the Cleveland games
President Wilson was arguing that the smaller nations should not
object to arrangements agreed upon by the representatives of the
larger nations, because—to quote from the Carlson text of his speech
—"the chief guarantors are entitled to be satisfied that the territorial
settlements are of a character to be permanent and that the guaran-
ees given are of a character to insure the peace of the world.” The
nature of the "guarantees” referred to may be gathered from the
apeech itself and from the German and Austrian peace treaties. Those
who have read the treaties will remember that the rights of minority
races in certain countries of Central and Southeastern Europe are
placed under the protection of the League of Nations. It appears
from the Carlson text of the President’s speech—and, indeed, was
already known—that objection was made to this arrangement on the
ground that it impaired the sovereignty of the nations to which it
applied. Some of the smaller powers were dissatisfied, also, with the
territorial settlements agreed on by the "Big Four.” The President
spoke in answer to murmurings of the smaller powers' representatives
against dictation of the peace terms by the greater powers, as will
appear from his opening words
To the Editor of The Statesman:
In your editorial of Sunday you labor
to prove conclusively that article X of
the League of Nations obligates mem-
bers of the league to respect and pre-
serve the territorial integrity as against
external aggressions of all other mem-
bers of the league. And while. you
admit that the obligation is not con-
stitutionally binding, you insist that it
is a moral obligation.
T think your reasoning is sound and
I think the wording of the article is the
best possible. For, while under the
great majority of cases to which this
article would apply, the aggression
would be unjustifiable and would merit
the interference of other nations--such,
for instance, as Germany against
France or Poland, Italy against Serbia,
Japan against the' Philippine Islands
or Hawaii But if the trouble should
arise from conditions that would ren-
der interference unjustified, inadvis-
able or repugnant to our ideas of right,
we could then fall back upon our con-
stitutional rights. I consider article X
the backbone of the covenant—the
most effective deterrent of war be-
tween nations.
No law or treaty is worth much
without force behind it—not only to
procure enforcement in case of neces-
sity, but as a notice, a warning, which
in most cases is all that is necessary.
If the world understands that there is
a national police force ready to quell
disturbance, there will be little for this
force to do. Before going to war, na-
tions aggrieved will submit their dffi-
Q. What is the story in connection •
with the saying “Those that live in I
glass houses must not throw stones?* |
R. R. H.
A. This is an old proverb and there |
is a story to the effect that it was I
popularized in England by James L I
When the Scotch cam into England I
with James it often happened that th® I
windows of their houses were broken ’
at the instance of the Duke of Buck- K
Ingham and others. In retaliation, the I
Scots broke the windows of the Duke's I
palace, which was nicknamed the [
"Glass Hous®.” He complained to the
King, who replied "Those who live in j
glass houses, Steenle, should be careful J
how they throw stones.”
it could not be overcome—more espe-
cially when managed by two veteran
manipulators like Platt and Quay. So
it was that Theodor® Roosevelt was
kicked upstairs and put on the shelf,
“where he would never bother national
politics again.”
The Democrats met in Kansas City
on July 4 and the Silver Republicans
met in the same city on the same day.
There was a great fight, led by David
B: Hill of New York, to prevent the
specific reiteration of the free silver
plank of 1886, but Mr. Bryan insisted
and the plank went in. Adlal Steven-
son. who had been elected Vice Presi-
dent with Grover Cleveland in 1892,
was given the second place on the
ticket. The Silver Republicans prompt-
ly nominated the same candidates.
Later in the campaign the Anti-Impe-
rialist convention met and endorsed
Bryan The Gold Democrats called a
convention, but it was decided not to
make any nominations. Many of the
leaders of the Palmer and Buckner
following came back Into the party and,
supported Mr. Bryan, but the large
majority of th® rank and file of the
Cleveland faction went into the Re-
publican party.
Bryan's Decline.
Mr. Bryan again took the stump and
made a great speaking tour. He was
met everywhere with great enthusiasm,
but he did not stir the depths that he
had reached in 1196. Mr. McKinley,
being President, was very quiet in the
campaign, but Colonel Roosevelt took
the stump and flayed Mr. Bryan with
characteristic zeal.
Mr. Bryan had attempted to make
“imperialism" the paramount issue in
the campaign. Many conservatives
were intense in their opposition to the
inauguration of a colonial system. Re-
publicans and conservative Democrats
who looked upon the Bryan of 1896
with horror were willing to follow him
in 1900. There is no question but that
the Bryan vote among the educated
classes was greater in the second cam-
paign lhan the first.
But among other c lasses Mr. Bryan
could not hold his own. The Repub-
licans made the “full dinner pail" the
paramount issue. As for the colonial
policy, that was manifest destiny and
duty to humanity. The thing to talk
about was prosperity. The country was
prosperous and was becoming more so
every day. It was entering upon the
most propitious era of its Industrial
history. The people seldom turn out
an administration in good times.
Therefore Mr. McKinley was re-
Q. How many times has Harry Var-
den won the British open champon-
ship? C. C. D.
A. Harry Varden, the English golf
professional, has won the Britsh open
championship six times, a record which
has never been equalled.
culties to the judicial tribunals which
the league provides.
We read much campaign bunk about
the iniquity of the league forcing us
to send our boys to fight in Europe’s
quarrels. If the league were tn oper-
ation it would only be necessary for
each nation to keep a small army, as a
few men from each would be ample
to preserve the peace of thne world.
We will, keep an army anyway, and a
few could be spared in cases of emer-
gency, even as now we keep a force
in Hawail,in the Philippine Islands,
Hayti and on the Mexican border, and
have sent troops to China, to Siberia,
and Russia. With the league the world
can disarm to a large extent. Without
the league disarmament will be unsafe
and the armies and navies will grow
larger instead of smaller.
The jingo element, which is large,
think of the league and oppose it as
a bar to convenient encroachments on
Mexico; the Germans because it is th®
bulwark behind enforcement of the
treaty and protection of France; the
Irish on the hope of estrangement be-
tween the United States and England;
the - old-line Republicans on jealousy
of Wilson and the determination to get
back gain to the public crib. Th®
thoughtful, progressive, altruistic,
Christian element who can resist the
party pull, favor the league as the one
last hope for a century or more of
bringing in some semblance of an era
of “peace on earth and good will to
men.” A. M. GOFF.
with the rank and file of his party,
notwithstanding the bitter and intense
opposition of the “gold” Democrats.
The renomination of Bryan in 1900 is
the only instance of the renomination
of an unsuccessful candidate for Presi-
dent in the campaign next after his
defeat. Jackson was a candidate in
1828 after his defeat in 1824, but as
he had the plurality of both popular
and electoral votes in the first race,
and as there were no party nomina-
tions then, his case is not a precedent.
Henry Clay was three times a candi-
date for President, but only once was
he the recognized nominee of a party,
and that was in the campaign after
the one in which he was defeated for
the Whig nomination by General Har-
rison. Grover Cleveland was nominated
in 1892 after his defeat in 1888, but
as he had served one term in the White
House he eould not be considered a
wholly unsuccessful candidate.
No man who has met defeat at every
turn of his career in national politics
has been able long to retarin the leader-
ship of« one of the two great parties
with th® single exception of Mr. Bryan.
New Factors in Politics.
Between the presidential campaign
of 1896 and 1900 things had happened
which were to change th® whole course
of American national life.
War was declared on Spain, and in
less than four months It was over.
Th® American victory was complete
and the United States had suddenly
become a “world power,” In the sense
that the phrase is used in European
chancellories.
As the result of the war the United
States found itself in the possession
of several things it had never had
before. There were th® colonies—the
Philippines, Porto Rico and Guam..
There was the protectorate, Cuba.
There was the church lands question.
There was the extraterritorial tariff
problem and the question, "Does th®
constitution follow the flag?” In ad-
dition to these new things, the nation
also had a new crop of war heroes.
Chief among these was Theodore
Roosevelt. Others were Admirals
Dewey, Schley, Sampson and Lieuten-
ant Hobson. Mr. Bryan had endeavored
to become a war hero, too, but the regi-
ment which he commanded was not
permitted to get further away than
Tampa.
How Dewey Queered Himself.
Admiral Dewey was the great naval
hero. Naturally, he was discussed as
a candidate for President. He made
th® fatal mistake of taking the first
“mention” as seriously as if it had been
a call from the notification committee
of a national convention. He accepte
a nomination in advance of its being
offered, and was promptly laughed into
oblivion. Sampson and Schley were
involved in a controversy that removed
both of them from the hero class.
General Joe Wheeler had been a “rebel
general*’ and wan out of the question
politically. General Nelson A. Miles
and Colonel William J. Bryan did not
get to the front.
-Thus it happened that when two
years had gone by and the country
faced another quadrennial struggle for
the presidency, it found that the War
with Spain had produced but one genu-
ine war hero who had lasted. That
was Colonel Roosevelt. He hadn't been
high in command in the army, but he
had organized a picturesque regiment
and had done many picturesque things.
He had actually participated in a
battle and had proved his eagerness to
fight.
The Republicans of New York State
had taken him up and had elected him
Governor, not so much because they
wanted him, but because he was the
only man who could win. As has
happened since, the Republican bosses
found that a Governor so selected
might be entirely too self willed tn rule
the roost at Albany to suit the organi-
zation. In those days the will of
Thomas C. Platt was law In the Re-
publican organization in New York
(Any reader n get the answer to
any quasUon by writing The states-
man Information Bureau, Frederic
J. Haskin, DI roc tor, Washington,
D. C. This offer applies strictly to
information. The Bureau can not
give advice on legal, medical and fi-
nancial matters. It does not attempt
to settle domestic troubles, nor to
undertake exhaustive research on
any subject. Write your question
plainly and briefly. Give full name
and address and enclose two cents
in stamps for return ppstage. All
replies are sent direct to inquirer.)
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The Statesman (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 49, No. 135, Ed. 1 Tuesday, October 12, 1920, newspaper, October 12, 1920; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1534208/m1/4/?q=Lamar+University: accessed June 8, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .