Civilian and Gazette. Weekly. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 38, Ed. 1 Tuesday, November 24, 1857 Page: 1 of 4
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HJSSBY BHOWH.
. 17, 1857.
Powell, Capt. M«nck1
, with 51 bales cot-
onrot
od deck
No Mail tsom
tfcls morning by
-We were disap-
' the Austin
: oeratHous-
. We shall probably have accounts from the
or Government to-morrow ; bnt, in tfae present
"* legislation, nothing of particular interest Is
, —^The Marshall Bo-
an*8 informed that a considerable sum of
J has been raised, to prosecute the work of
leting the first section of this road. The ut-
r í;(K?í.d8nce to«P™*ed that the twenty miles
will be finished in time to save the charter.
MoM^FBADDULDr* Land Cebtiticates. — The
alias Herald gives a detailed account of the frau-
BtPeter's Colony Certificates that have been
' several of the County Courts, in thecoun-
>rlsed In the limits of that Colony. It ap-
pears that the law has been so construed as to give
tween two and three hundred thousand acres of
land to persons not entitled to receive the same, and
to fiood the market with certificates. Many of
\ 680 have fallen into the hands Of innocent pur-
chasers, and we suppose that we shall have a repe-
tition of .the old fraudulent land certificate question
In oar Courts.
The new Episcopal Church edifice in this
. oity is now nearly finished. In its external appear-
ance it is large and imposing, being 160 feet long by
upwards of sixty in width, and sixty feet in height
without the contemplated addition to the tower'
which will make that portion of the edifice nearly
ninety feet in height. The distance between the floor
and ceiling, in the centre of the building is forty
How Banks abb Established, in some instan-
ces, appears from recent proceedings in the Indiana
legislature, A committee of that body, appointed
nvestigate the charges of corruption made by
mor Wright in bis message, in regard to the
er of the State Bank, "pronounce the passage
^thejbill and theoperatlons carried on under it—
by disposing of the Btpok among those who assisted
L passing the bill—a great fraud upon the people;
and they recommend that the charter be repealed.
Yob* Election.—It is now conceded by the
opposition journals that the Democrats of N.York
have carried their State ticket by a' majority rang-
ing from 10,000 to 20,00o. According to the most
reliable accounts the legislature will stand thus!
Senate.
.17
..18
. 8
Democrats
- Bepublieans
Independents....
Americans
..., 1
Assembly.
Democrats 68
Bepublieans 50
Americans........... 4
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iLVESTOJM, TÜJ
Y MORNING, NOVEMBER 24. 1857.
NO. 38.
J Sffirl..
Within i _
dollars kare t
crop of
which can
cheap.—
visited ns
ve had for several Courts
inquiring into" the sets of ber
the gratifying fact that QOt
be found against any of them,
< *ed. There «re fejrer violations
law in this county than in any ooun-
'«XM.
have just finished gathering a heavy
is estimated that there is 25,000
for sale in Shelby oonnty; much of
for 80 cts. per bushel.—We have
land, that can be purchased
i. Trait and Patton are actively at
the Sabine river; when we will
of transportation, and when our
it many inducements to the plant-
time to buy land here. Dr. Boyall
days ago and added largely to yonr
here. I shall be pleased in future
articles, to je through your paper, a particular
account of (lands, and their productions, with
some facts árfag the advantages of Shelby county
as a home Enterprising mechanics and planten.
A SUBSCRIBER.
, _ auatmre. ' . . .
Austin, Nov. 12th, 1857.
Mr. Potter's bill extending
id Henderson railroad00m-
lelatión to the San Anto-
Houses.
Powell, the sitting mem-
. Alfred Evans, the
county, were to-
the former unani-
A letter |the Extraordinary gives a dreadful
account of I excesses of this most unnatnral war,
on both si.
Neither jty goes up to front the .common
enemy, (tendían,) but tears eaoh other to pieces
with equally, all participating in the horrors of
civil war. he troops of tneGovernor, (Ü. Panta-
leon Bárrei) under the commandsof Cols. Capeda
and Bagn^, have attacked the suburbs of Cam-
pecaby, mting their way with bloody deeds. On
the entraniof the troops to one of these suburbs,
a murderiafire of aTtillery with grape shot swept
Jiving the Democrats a majority of two in the
Senate. Sixteen assembly districts to be heard from
Mabtland.—The following appears to be the
Bepresentatives in Congress, chosen at the late elec-
tion in Maryland 1st District, James A. Stewart,
Democrat,' 2d District, James B. Bicaud, Know-
Nothing; 8d District, J. M. Harris, Know-Noth-
ing; 4th District, H. W. Davis, Know-Nothing;
5th District, Jacoh M; Kunkel, Democrat; 6th Dis-
trict, Thos, V. Bowie, Democrat—a Democratic gain
of one.
ISP ^r- V. Ward, has recently returned to
1 home in Harris county, from Arizonia. The
all Bepublican learns that he came across the
ntry, from the Gadsden purohase, several hun-
1 miles, with but a single attendent, a negro boy.
Hawisbubo Baiiboad.—The Houston Telegraph
' that about thirty miles of the route is now
1 beyond Richmond, leaving but about twen-
' more to grade to reach Columbus. The work is
'pushed with energy, and it is expected that
1 of laying down the iron will commence
iiber. A portion of the iron is now in
r Abticle 0 Exfobt.—The Jifferson Gazette
is that a wagon load of snake root, neatly baled,
" throught that place for a market. There
I about three thousand, pounds 'of it. It was
ored on upper Bed feiver.
! Pboddots or the California Mines Theship-
' Qts of treasure from the port of 8an Francisco,
tward, for the nine months of the present year
ndingwlth the 80th of September, were as-foilows:
To New York. $25,075,028 10
To England 6,664,028 98
To New .Grenada 824,928 77
The shipments the same period last year, were
86,184,066, showing a falling off of $4,070,185. It
1 estimated, however, that the exports of the pre-
cious metals in unusual forms and directions, es-
pecially of coin to China and'the. East where the
demand has been very great, have been fully suf-
floent to make up the deficiency.
El Paso Wagon Boad.—Advices received at the
)epartment of the Interior, from the Soperintend-
atof this expedition, represents, the work as pro-
gTMriBg' In thSTnoet satisfactory manner.
Pacitio Railroad. — This company
difficulties given a deed
i for its road and property to Benj. Long, W.
IJohuE. Ye
go °n .. ■
save the charter
ferger. The trustees are to
complete the twenty miles of road to
iarter and if money does not come into
their hands to pay certain debts due by the 15th of
January, 1858, they are to sell the road and fixtures
to pay the same. This looks rather squally for an
enterprise that has been Teputed to he based on suob
undoubted means. We are glad, however, that the
charter is to be saved and hope that the company
willcacape fromlta embarrassments, and push the
road forward. It is said by the 'Bepublican1 that
there has been over-issueB of stock and issues to par-
ties who have never paid a cent for the same. If bo,
the company will hardly re-inatate itself without
exposing these transactions and cutting loose from
those concerned in them.—Nacogdoches Chronicle.
A Fortunate State.—The Little Book (Arkan-
sas) Democrat says that the Treasury of Arkansas
la overflowing with gold and silver. The various
funds are enumerated that have their hundreds of
thousands of the hard. The Treasurer has no bank
notes,- nothing but specie in Arkanses ; except a
small old bank debt, does not ow« a oent, and has
in her strong box more gold and Silver than will
keep the Government for two years without any
further taxation. There are no banks in Arkansas,
andlhe taxes are pni.l in gold and silver, and the
State out nothing but that kind of currency.
No Wonder hb Failed.—We see it stated in an
nge that one of the partners in a prominent
blladelphia firm, whiob lately suspended, kept
carriages, five light riding wagons, four fast
1, two dogs, two coachmen, and five servant
iris. H is the greater wonder he did not suspend
df—by the neck for his folly,
i Interesting Docduknt.—The following ad-
1 to his country, the original munscript of which
1 possession of a gentleman of Washington,
1 among the papers of James Madison,
a after his decease:
1 to my Country.—As this advice, if it ever
light, will not do it till I am no more, it
' * ired as issuing from the tomb, where
1 be respected, and the happiness of
1 consulted. It will be entitled, therefore,,
r weight can be derived from good in-
1 the experience of one who serv
1 in various stations through a period
|r years; who espoused in his youth, and ad-
■' >ugh his life, to the cause of liberty, and
orne a part in most of the great transac-
1 will constitute epochs of its destiny,
ce nearest to my heart and deepest in
btion, is that the Union of the States be
i and perpetuated. Let the open enemy
jegarded asa Pandora with the box open-
e disguised one as the serpent creeping
" ' wiles into Paradise.
r Easteiut—Some idea may be form-
g"j which are being made
> the kj5°ter<W1t of the Great Eastern
I we state that there
1 continually employed
j ,r_ that workmen are engaged day and
J%htpr{aring the timber and iron work for the
nadies. The cost for wages and salaries
, laborera, employees in the building-
• understand, reached the large sum oi
1 week. These extraotdin&ry 'efibrta
,ju order that the arrangements shall
'h of November, on which
1 spring tides, it has been
lauch of the leviathan
a mnrdenijlre of artillery with grape shot swept
the streetjpenetrating the building and killing
innúmera!} innocent persons who were on the
scene of a(|n and unable to make a retreat into
the city.
Men, when and ohildren, without regard to
age or sexjere sacrificed either from the cannon
or the trinity of the soldiery, who, we are told,
were allojd to perpetrate the most abominable
deeds. TÉ, indeed, has been a most disgracing
affair, andjne which well merits an exemplary
mnishmeipf the chief who conducted the attack,
or his wai of humanity and public and military
discipline.,
On the oler hand, the revolutionists, especially
of the IslaJ of Carmen, have resorted to equally
base meas as. The Laguna letter, quoted above,
says: ' >
They bailiberated eighty or one hundred of the
most hard$d criminals confined in this place and
destined jt^ie draining of the swamps, and who
have been'ntto Campeachy and there armed to
defend thelty in common with its better inhabi-
tants. Evtf one here is indignant at this step, and
surely no <e ever thought that such a resort should
betaken Hd of by men who profess to promulgate
the prinoips of order and social rights.
The effas of this foul measure has already began
to be felt 1 Campeachy, for the liberated robbers
and assasfis, not forgetful of their old tricks, dur-
ing the nijit time, and eluding the vigilance of the
officers, tae it quite easy, and care for themselves
by stealiq, and sometimes to accomplish more ef-
fectually leir purpose,.making use of the wea]
>laced iqheir hands. These criminals have ___
1 ormed in> a company, which, is called, to crown
effronterj "the 00m pany of desalmado ."
The sale writer "learns from a very good source
that the ivolutionists have sent to a port in the
United Sites money to purchase tivo or three ves-
sels of w" -v
It is qite clear that Campeachy still holds out.
The rep«t of ite capture probably grew out of the
capture/ the suburbs Santa Luoia and San Fran-
cisco byjhe besieging army.
. Proceeding* of tbe city Council.
Galveston, Nov. 16th, 1857.
Re90A Meetin6 :—Present, Daniel. D. Atchi-
son, Prsident pro temp.; Aid. Beissner,Lidstone,
Lufkin League, Mageen, Sydnor and Shields.
The hinutes of the last regular meeting were read
andajproved,
Thefollowing report'from the Finance Commit-
tee ws read and adopted.
"Tb Committee on Finance and Bevenue, to
whom were referred the reports of the City- Treasu-
rer, Nars^al and Harbor Master, report that they
haveoeen examined and fo^nd correct, and they
reconmend their approval. They reoommend the
pay nent of seventy-five cents to the Harbor, a-
moult collected and paid to the Treasurer through
misUke. DANL. D. ATCHISON, Ch'm.
Tie following report and resolution was present-
ed iy the Fire Department and approved by the
Boird:
'Your committee of the Fife Department to whom
wis referred the petition of sundiy citizens for the
silking of two wells at ornear the Shipper's Cotton
ftess, beg leave to report that they have had under
consideration the subject and after due attention to"
it, taking into consideration the large amount of
property in our city that is often on storage in
said Press, we would- recommend that the prayers
of said Petitioners' be granted and in connection
therewith would offer the following resolution :
Retained, That the sum of $220 (two hundred
and twenty dollars) or as much thereof as may be
required is hereby appropriated for the purpose of
sinking two fire wells at or near the Shipper's Prese
to be located under the saperintendance of the Chief
Engineer of the Fire Department by and with the
consent of the Fire Department Committee.
A. P. LÜFK1N, Ch'm.
The following report of the Special Committee
on the returns of W. P. Griffiths, Assessor and Col-
lector, was read and approved and further time
granted to said Committee.
" Your Committee, to whom was referred the re-
torne of W. P. Griffiths, Assesor and Collector, beg
leave to report that they received the accompanying
communication from Jno. N. Beed, City Marshall,
which explains the difficulties under which your
Committee have labored. These facts, however,
they ascertained that Mr. Griffiths has deposited
with the City Treasurer $1446 75 Canal Fund, $2,«
898 51 General Fund—Total $4840 26. He has
rendered a list to tfae Marshal of what he has col-
lected to the amount of $4807 91. Without further
comments, your Committee ask a few days 'longer
time to make a final report—all of which íb respect-
fully submitted. J. S. SYDNOB, Chairman.
Communication of the Marshal.
To Aids. Sydnor, Lidstone and Beissner, Special
Committee, Gentlemen:—Under your order, I took
charge of tbe assessment Books on Tuesday the 5d
instant and have been constantly employed with
help to the present time in correcting and adding
thereto. I discovered so many mistakes in the ad-
ditions and extensions, also in the per. ant. calcu-
lations that I found it necessary to examine each
assessment in detail and correct them. Mr. Griffiths
has Tendered me a list of what has been paid to him
amounting to $4807. 91. I found that many citi-
zens and property holders had given in no assess-
ment at all and have as far as possible taken them ;
there is still considerable to come and I think I can,
with tbe help,! have close it this week.
Nov. 10th 1857. J. N. BEED, City Marshal.
Several bills were presented and read and referred
to the Committee on Claims and Accounts.
On motion of Aid. Sydnor it was,
Xcsohed, That bo much of the resolution, as pre-
sented by the Fire Department, asking an appropri-
ation of $800 to be placed at the disposal of the
Chief Engineer,
eil.
be hereby rejected by the Conn-
On motion Council adjourned till the néxt regu-
lar meeting.
Nov. 16th 1857. CVE. THOMPSONI|,8ecty.
Bank Suspensions.—The Bank of Enlgand,which
was established in 1696, suspended Specie pay-
ment, and in 1796, her notes were at 4 discount of
twenty percent. She again suspended in 1727,
and continued so till May 1831—twenty four years
—during a part of which time, her notes were at
a discount of twenty-five per cent. The Royal
Bank of Franoe, which was established in 1716,
failed, and in 1725 she wound up, when the stock-
holders found that they had lost one billion eight
hundred and sixty-three millions livres ; to say
nothing of the losses of the countless: thousands of
note holders who were "suddenly reduced from
affluence to penury and want. The Bank of France,
which was established in 1800, suspended in 1805.
Tbe Bank of Venice, established in 1708, suspeD.
ded in 1797, when one dollar in . specie was worth
thirteen of her paper. The Bank of Copenhagen,
established in 1786, broke, and her paper was
greatly depredated. The Bank of Bussia, .establish-
ed in 1770 got into bad odor, and her. botes were
worth only twenty-five cents in the dollar. Our
own United Slates Bank, established in 1791, ex-
perienced great troubles in 1814, at which time her
notes were at a discount oi fourteen per cent, in
New Orleans.
"There is no saying shocks me so much," says
Cowley, "as that which I hear very often, that a
man does not know how topue hiB time. It would
have been but ill spoken by EJbuaelah, in the nine
hundred and sixty ninth year of his life." Silling
time, aa it 1 sailed, ipa bit a species of slow bui-
oide, for what tejgM^"the staff that life '
contesting member
day awarded th«di*i
mously, the latter by
To-day 8enator Wren took his seat. On yester-
day, Mr. Monson of Brazoria, and to-day Messrs.
Murrah and Latham, took their seats in the House.
The House yesterday adopted a resolution offered
by Mr. Brown, instructing an inquiry by commit-
tee into the expediency of establishing an Agrien!
1 Bureau.
committee on State Affairs have decided fa-
on Mr. Brown's resolution; proposing a Ge-
ological'survey of the State.
Mr. Kit hell, on behalf of the Educational Com-
mittee, reported in favor of one instead of two State
Universities.
The subject of frontier protection, with the special
message of the Governor, is before a Joint commit-
tee.
Judge Buckley, who was unwell* is again in his
seat.
Mr. Smith of Orange, baa presented a bill to ren-
der the river law available for improving Sabine
bay, in conjunction' with Louisiana. Many bills
havé been introduced and referred, *
The Gila. Country.
Santa Fe, New Mexico, >
7, J
September 22,1857.
Dear Colonel : Returning a few days since from
the depot of the Gila, I met your friend and agent,
Dr. Steck. He made much inquiry respecting the
Gila country. Would that your views in regard to
locating the Apache Indians in pueblos could be
effected ón the waters of the Gila. He appeared
de8irious that I should eoverse with you on the
subject; believed any information in relation to this
hitherto unknown region would be deeply interest-
ing, and perhaps some day might be useful in as-
sisting the operations of your superintendency with
these people.
We are operating in what has been known as
the Gila country for more than four months; had
detachments of troopB scattered in every direction,
bringing in, on their return, sketches of the coun-
try, and information from every quarter. I es-
tablished my depot on the ea«t bank of the Gila
river, a beautiful spot, about filtecu utiles from the
Mogollon mountains. This valley is about 25 miles
by 40, basined by the Mogollon to the north, the
San ícente to the east, the Buno Almoque to tbe
south, and to the weat by Patos and San Francis-
These mountains enclose one of the most fer-
tile and healthy tpots on earth—beautiful to per-
fection. So much was it the admiration of all who
saw it, that our employees, every one, wou'd-faave
remained to have made it their homes, had it been
safe to have done so.
Lieut. Whipple was sent in o the Mogollon
mountains. He remained in them near twenty
days, visited tbe head waters of the Gila, and des-
cribes it as amost elevated and tumbled-up region,
perfectly worthless except a limited space on the
northwestern slope of the mountain. His maps,
made frpm frequent readings of the compass, I look
upon as very correct. Every detachment; furnish-
ed me with a map of the eountry traversed. These
I have transmitted, with my report, to the depart-
ment head-quarters, to which, I have no doubt,
the General will readily give you access.
After pursuing the Depot valley, the river con-
tinues its course south, and enters the canon of
a low range of Lava mountains, connecting the
Buno and Almoque mountains. Lost, as it were,
for Shout twenty miles in tbe canon , it falls into
a large open country, extending from the Buno
mountains on the east to tbe Almoque on the west,
it continues westerly till it meets the Sieneta Jor-
nado, a low range of canons from the south—-forces
the river among the issues and precipices of its
northern extremity, when, seeking again its wes-
tern direction^ it flows for from sixty to onehun-
dred miles through a valley about 40 miles wide.
This valley was remarked by ali as most fertile
—extensive bottom lands, a rolling country on
either side, offering the finest grazing to the very
foot of the mountains. This valley, like every
other capable of being cultivated, gives evidence
of a former people, agricultural in their pursuits,
and no doubt far more civilized than the present
race who desolate it. We find to ^he north the
Almoque and Patos mountains, with a basaltic
range oi low mountains, connecting these With the
Penal range. To the west the south span of the
Penal mountains stand as á barrier to all egress.
To tbe south we have the mountain ranges of Trum-
bull and Graham, and to the east the Sieneta Jor-
nado. Within these- boundaries we have a spot
large, fertile, healthy, and well watered by the Gila,
bedded in the mountains, distant from all roids
and pass^ways, and without a probability of any
ever being made through it—a country, as it were
isolated.
TJiis appears to me to be most admirably adapt
ed for tbe homes of the Indian. Here established
in his pueblo, his fertile planting-grounds at bis
door, good water, and healthy climate, bis flocks,
herds, and stock fattening on the mountain slopes,
he would be happily situated. The maguey, the
favored food of the Indian, is here lound in abund
anee. I am aware that objections may be urged
to assigning such fertile countries to the Indian;
but this valley, with all its health, its delicious
waters, and rich lands, is not such as I fancy would
be desirable for tbe settlement of our people, who
seek the preat thoroughfares, and reject what so
completely isolates them from the busy world.
Here, indeed, man may live and grow fat. and have
nothing to disturb the quiet of a whole year; but
this is not in sympathy with busy, active, and en-
terprising American citizens. So that-the fact of
the great isolation is an additionalrecommendation
to its Iudian adaptability, when, under the paren-
tal care of his agent, he may easily supply all his
wants, with the certainty that bis improvement,
though slow, will be constant.
To the north of tbe country the Gila is broken,
rising as you go north into high mountains. Small
streams rise in these mountains, and, running
throughlEe canons, at times open out into small
valleys of tbe greatest fertility. On the south the
country is rolling to the mountains without tubii-
lanes. It is a peculiarity to this, as to the Gila re-
gion, that springs commence in all tbe counties,
so as to afford abundance of water for all stock pur-
poses, and sometimes even for irrigation; but these
springs lose themselves in the loose soil of the
valley, and find the river under ground.
I have made a rough sketch of the subject, de
siring simply to draw your attention to it, and if it
should have the merit of any usefulness I shall be
satisfied. The Sieneta Jomado, I omitted to men-
tion, is about one hundred miles due west from Fort
Thom.
I am, Colonel, yours, &c.,
B. L. E, Bonneville,
Colonel U. S. Army.
WEDNE8DAY, NOV. 18, 1857.
rar* The steamer Island City, Capt. i. ÍL Ster
rett, arrived this morning from Houston, with 658
bales cotton and the following passengers:
Judge Franklin, Judge Bostwich, Campbell,
Morehouse, Niles, Lett, Kimbes, Smot, Worth ing-
ton, Smart, Boyce, Jones, High tower, Bowling,
MiS8F«.yle and Miss Brown,
EF The schooner Louisa, Capt. Marshall, from
Calcasieu, arrived yesterday, with lumber to Lids-
tone & Co.
The New Orleans Mail, due last Monday mom
ing, was still detained—probably by low water in
Berwiok's Bay—when our paper went to press to-
day, Wednesday. We trust that this is not an in-
dication of what we have to expect during the pre-
valence of Northers throughout the winter. ^
W The Henderson Democrat says that Gen.
Henderson has not entirely recovered from the
severe attack of pneumonia, with whioh he was at-
tacked some time since. He is advised by his phy-
sicians to use prudence and caution for some time.
He is up and attending to business, however.
Presbyterian Synod.
The Synod of the Presbyterian Churoh_ of Texis
met at Palestine, Anderson county, on the 9th
inst. Bev. H. Wilson was ohosen Moderator.
The Palestine Advocate says that the main topics
of disoussion, aside from the ordinary business of
the Synod, were memorializing the General As-
sembly to establish in the city of New Orleans, a
Board of Domestic Missions, ( with special reference
to the Wants of the South West:) the adoption and
circulation of a religious newspaper; taking the
preliminary steps for a union of the New and Old
School Churches of this State, and the founding of
Austin College, at Huntsville.
Besolutions were adopted in favor of all these
measures.
The next session of the Synod will meet in
Hnntsville, on the first Thursday In November
next.
Territory of Arizona.
Frosts, sufficient to Cheek vegetation, have visited
almost every part of the interior of Texas, while
Galveston continues to present the appearance of
of spring. Gardens were never better here than at
present.
Disunion.—Some thougtiess persons have again
broaohed the idea of dividing the State of Texas.
Instead of two, they now desire four States to be
created out of our present territory—already cur-
tailed; nearly one half since annexation, by the sale
of New Mexico to the United States. Although
speculative and adventurous politicians may occa-
sionally Venture to express themselves in favor of
dividing the State, and the timid may be alarmed
at the suggestion, there is no danger of the success
of Buck a scheme. The only plansable argument we
can see in favor of it, is the supposed increase of the
strength of the South in the United States Senate.
The creation of Additional States out of our terri-
tory would not increase tbe number of Representa
tives in the lower House of Congress. In the Sen-
ate the South already has, and has always found a
faithful guardian of her rights.
Texas, by remaining together, will in ten years be
the foremost Southern State—capable of acting as a
unit In the national counoils, and of maintaining
her peculiar institutions in every part of her terri-
tory-Divided, she might present a discordant del-
egation in Congress, and even yield a portion of her
now unsettled territory to her worst enemies. As
a single State, she will be rich, powerful, and inde-
pendent. Divided into four, all would be feeble,
poor, and comparatively insecure. The expenses of
government would be increased fourfold, and the
ability to promote objocts of general utility corres-
pondingly weakened.
It is true that by increasing the number of Sena-
tors in Congress, (every State being entitled to two,)
a corresponding increase would be gained in the
number of Presidential electors; but this gain would
not counterbalance the danger of discord among
them, while the increase itself would be small in
comparison with the prospective increase in the
number corresponding with the Representatives, to
which the State, as a whole, would be entitled.
The " Mesilla Valley," or "Gadsden purchase,"
as it is generally designated, includes a tract of
country about 27,000' square mileB in extent to the
south of New Mexico, and separating it from the
Mexican provinces of Sonora and Chibuhnia. The
Colorado constitutes its western boundary, and we
trust that a port will be secured to us upon the Gulf
of California. This region has been attraoting set-
tlers, and will present itself for territorial admission
at the next session of Congress. The country is a-
dapted to slavery, and hence an angry struggle may
be expected. It abounds in valuable minerals. The
following facts are taken from a late report made
by Sylvester Mowry, Lieut. U. 8. A-
"Already Colorado City, opposite Fort Yuma, is
a place of pecuniary value and importance, and its
position at tbe only secure crossing of the river, at
the junction of the Gila and Colorado, and at the
present head of navigation on tbe latter river, make
it certain it will be a large town at no distant day.
The Territory of Arizona is not only capable of
attracting emigration and settlement, but is now
being rapidly settled. Families, women and chil-.
dren, are already moving from California into the
new purchase, and many fine claims are already
located in the numerous valleys of the middle por-
tion ofthe territory. Old ranches, long deserted
by the Mexicans, who bad neither strength norspir-
it to resist Indian attacks, are being re-ocenpied,
and will this year yield large and paying crops.
Two steamers ply régnlarly on the Colorado River
to Fort Yuma and Colorado City. Already an ac-
tive and rapidly increasing trade exists between the
towns of Tueson and Tubac, in Arizona, and San
Francisco.
In almost any issue of the San Francisco papers
your readers may see vessels advertised for the
mouth of the Colorado. The mining companies of
the "Purchase," alone, last year, consumed'more
than one hundred thousand dollars worth of goodB
purchased in San Francisco, and this amount Will
be largely increased this year. Settlements will at
once be made at every point where military pro-
tection is afforded, and this will necessarily be at
the mail stations- and the country will richly re-
pay the industrious emigrant—be he farmer or
miner. The Mentía valley already contains
respectable populatioBTflsd-there is no doubt but
that the territory will contain arttagt 2000 perma-
nent residents, voters, by the openlpgfof Congress."
It is also worthy of remark, that J|fcona is in
the direct route of the overland mail tove Pacific,
Centbal AhebioansView or the Tbansit.—In
a recent sketch on the "Honduras Railroad," the
Gaceta, of the State of Salvador, reviewed at length
the subject of inter-ooeanio communication by the
Mexican Gulf. Enumerating the various lines of
transit, the Tehuantepec, Honduras, Nicaragua
and Panama, says : ¡
Where are so many and sUoh costly roads to lead.
Who is to travel by them ? Those who travel and
do business between the South American Bepub-
lics and Australia and the United States, it is pro-
bable will prefer the Panama route, as the most di-
rect, and consequently the cheapest and shortest
route. California travelers, it is to be presumed,
Will prefer for equal reasons the- way of Tehuaute-
pec, which will probably be in use before the Hon-
duras road is built, as that undertaking has already
means to carry on the work, while tbe time is very
distant when the Hondouras road will be able to
obtain twenty-five or thirty millions of dollars,
whioh it would cost, notwithstanding that Mr.
Squier has estimated it at only ten millions, on
which latter estimate the company has commenced
to expend money.
But suppose all these roads to be in full opera-
tion, and the product is divided by four, we would
ask if even the many thousands of passengers they
will transport will suffice to meet the obsts and pay
the interest ofthe capital? Tehuantepec and Pa-
nama, without doubt the most beneficial of these
roads, will be vehicleB by which the United States
will communicate and transport its merchandises
to South America and California;—and admitting
this, the other two,|that is to say, the railroad of
Honduras and the transit by Nicaragua, will only
servé for Central America, and the time will pass
away for them without any further occupation than
the transportation of some thousands of packages
of goods, and a few hundred passengers, which
business would in no way satisfy the ownern of
the routes, but with which they would have to be
content.
In suob a state of things, the owners of the route
will scarcely be content to lose the money, but will
be likely to seek to remunerate themselves in other
species of operations, less legitimate. Then will
commence a new series of flllibusterism, of expro-
priations and other excesses; for if the roads cannot
attract passengers and goods, they will always
serve for pretexts for armed interventions, to pro-
voke difficulties, and raise reclamations. New
Granada is a mirror before our eyes, and surely it
is time that the calumniated Indigo-Spanish race
should exercise a little more ^caution and wisdom.
_ At any rate, andas the road across Tehuantepec
is tin fail accompli, in our conception, it is certain
that tlie transit across Honduras, as also that of
Nicaragua, would be entirely superfluous, it con-
firms the common adage : "God can write straight
ver crooked lines."— {Dios have renglones derechos
on regla torcida.
Constitution ! Convention*.
What would our readers think of a proposition,
at this time, t° bold a general Convention of Dele-
gates, chosen by the people in tbeirv organic capa-
city, to amend the Constitution of the United States
or, to adopt a new one I Would not the movement
be regarded as revolutionary and dangeronB in its
character! and, would it not in reality beso? All
the prejudices, excitement and intolerance of paTti-
cular claBsés in the country, now operating to weak
en some of the best provisions of the Federal Com-
pact, would be brought to bear in favor of abolishing
the only guaranties of the equal rights of all the
members of the Confederacy, under which alone
tbe national government is how maintained,
was the object of the wise frameraof the Oonstitu
tion to place it aB far aB possible above the influence
of temporary and partizan excitements. Itsorea-
tion and adoption was not the labor of a day or of
a sudden ebulition of popular feeling. It was the
work of years, and of the coolest and wisest heads
and purest hearts, of the nation . After it had pas-
sed through the convention Of sages who framed
it, the States ratified it with the utmost caution and
deliberation, and subsequent years were spent,
through the mode pointed out by its original fram
ere, In perfecting the work. The objections to the
original instrument, which the States and the peo-
pie required, to be removed, dldr&S!' consist in its
want of force, but in a jealousy of delegated pow
er. Eleven of the twelve amendments to the Fed
eral Constituión expressly limit the powers of the
General Government, and define the rights reserv-
ed by the States and the people, " the conventions
of a number of the States having at the time of
their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire,
in order to prevent misconstruotion or abuse of its
powers, that further declaratory and restrictive
clauses should be added."
The mode of amending the Federal. Constitution,
as pointed out by that inSrtument itself (Art,,V.)
is as follows: Congress, whenever two thirds of
both Houses shall deem it necessary, may propose
amendments, or upon application of two thirds of
the Legislatures of the several States, shall call a
Convention for proposing amendments, which be
Come a part of the Constitution when ratified by
the Legislatures of three fourthsof the several States,
or by conventions in tb ee fourths thereof, provided
that no State, without its consent, shall be deprived
of its equal suffrage in the Senate, No one questions
the wisdom and prudence of this provision of the
national compact. It is intended to place the great
bulwark of our freedom beyond the influence of
momentary popular excitement or prejudice. It
leaves the people the right to change the provisions
of the organic law, but provides a Bafe, deliberate,
and certain mode for accomplishing the work. Were
the provisions of tbe Constitution dependent upon
every popular whim ór election, they would soon
become useless, or change, like the laws, with so
much rapidity as to be unknown to the great mass
of the people, and understood^ if at all, only to a
particular profession, finding profitable employ-
ment, at the expense of the public, in disputations
on obscure and doubtful points.
The constitution of Texas contains similar provi.
Sions, to prevent hasty and crude alterations as that
of the United States. The Legislature may propose
amendments, whenever two thirds of the members
of each bouBe shall deem it necessary, which pro-
ised amendments must be published in the public
inte of the state at least three months before the
next election for Bepresentatives, for the considera-
tion of the people; and if a majority of all the citi-
zens of the state voting for Representatives have
voted in favor of such proposed amendments, and
two thirds of each house of the next Legislature ra-
tify the same, they shall become parts of the consti-
tution. Under this provision a simple majority of
the people can, in the safe and easy mode prescribed,
adopt or reject amendments to the constitution.—
Whenever the people, for whose benefit tbe
constitution was adopted, begin to feel any great
evil from defects in that instrument, they will
doubtless take the steps necessary to amend
it. Thus far they have been so well pleased
with tbe state constitution, that they have
been reluctant to change it, even where defects are
obvious, fearing lest a door may be opened for new
evils, a.nd that the force and obligation of the in-
strument as a whole may be impaired. They have
certainly shown no desire to resort to the revolu-
tionary mode of a convention, such a body being no
where provided for, contemplated or made necessa-
ry by our existing form of Government.
English Nicety in Business.—I think the most
curious fact, taken altogether, that I have ever
heard of tbe electric telegraph, was told me by a
cash-er of the Bank of England. You may have
heard of it. It may have been in print ; I am sure
it deserves to be. Once upon a time, then, on a
certain Saturday night,ithefolks at the Bank could
not make the balance com-3 right by just £100.—
This is a serious mattor in that little"establishment
I do not mean the cash, but the mistake in arith-
metic; for it occasions a world of scrutiny. An error
inthe balancing has been known, I am told to
keep a delegation of clerks from each office at.
work sometimes through the whole night. A hue
andory of course was made after this £100, as it the
old lady in Threadneedle street would be in the
Gazette for want of it. Luckily, on the Sunday
morning, the clerk (in the middle of a sermon, I
dare say, if the truth was known) felt-a suspicion
of the truth dart through his mind quicker than
any flash of the telegraph itself. He told the chief
cashier on Monday morning that perhaps the mis-
take might have occurred in packing some boxes of
specie for the West .Indies; whioh had been sent to
Southampton for shipment. The suggestion was
immediately acted upon. Here was a race, light-
ning against steam with eight and forty hours the
start given. Instantly the wires asked, "Whether
stich a vessel had left the harbor ?" "Just weighing
añChor," was the reply, "Stop her 1" frantically
shouted the telegraph, it was done. "Have upon
deck certain boxes marked so and so; weigh them
carefully." They were weighed and one—the
delinquent—was found heavier by just one packet
of a hundred sovereigns than it ought to be. "Let
her go," said the mysterious telegraph. The West
India folks were debited with just £100 more, and
the error was corrected without ever looking into
the boxes or delaying the voyá® an hour. Now
that is what may be called dóinppusiuess.—London
Letter. .
THURSDAY, NOV. 19, 1857.
0" The steamer Betty Powell, Capt. Msuek,
from Liberty arrived this morning with 14 bales of
cotton, and the following passengers:
Eckford, Lee, Hemdly, Boom and lady, Burke,
Taviett, Patter, Stuart, McCoriey, Colwell, Brad-
burry, Tynor, Mirar.
tW The steamer Eclipse, Capt. P. J. Menard,
arrived last night from Houston, with 889 bales of
cotton, 4 horses and the following passezigers:
Messrs. Leigh, Byals, Zabb, Johnson, Bauman,
Harris, Hoffman, Boberts, Watson, Eaton, Apple-
white and brother, Peag, Burlage, Gregory, Hale,
Cooper, Miller, Mills, Sheely, Bradnox, Wright,*
Boon , Geiselman, More, Jones, Williams, Arm-
strong lady and children, arid 8 on deck.
Jail Bibdb Causht.—Mr. F, W. Harrison of Co-
lumbia last Saturday arrested Bob Augustine and
Duncan Barr, who managed to slip out of prison in
Galveston, some two weeks since, in a manner that
showed more shrewdness on their part than was
exhibited by the man who had charge of the prison.
The latter, having ocoasion to leave the jail a short
time, and expecting to be shortly relieved by other
officers, left the Key in charge of a man not reputed"
to be right in the upper story. The prisoners, hav-
ing cultivate'! his acquaintance and acquired his
confidence, prevailed upon him to allpw them tbe1
pleasure of a walk in his company in tbe passages |
of the jail outside of the dungeon. He consented, |
but they adroitly changed places with him—locking |
him up, and taking French leave themselves. When j
the confiding guard returned be found the birds had j
flown.! They have had the benefit of a trip to the ¡
country ; but will hereafter be found in their old,
quarters. .. . j
OTerlud flail.
"The longest way round is [no longer] the short-
est way through." The Western Texon announces
the arrival of the fifth overland mail from San
Diego on tbe Pacifio, to Ban Antonio, in UK days.
The time has been steadily improved from the
beginning. It appears from the Texan that the
first trip was made in fifty-three days; theseoond
in thirty-eight; tbe third in thirty; the fourth in
thirty and tbe fifth in twenty-six. The Ledger says
the mail was delayed two days in crossing the Bio
Mimbres, on aeoount of the floods, an extraordina-
ry occurrence, as this stream, generally, is not more
than a yard wide. The Texan says—
This route costs the Government only $140,000 ;
and tbe contractors will under this cheap oontract,
make it profitable. The overland route farther
north has been taken at an expense of $600,000,and
if we are not muoh mistaken, they will find it a
loosing business. It passes through a region where,
a great part of the year the road is passed over with
great difficulty, and some of the time it is almost
impassible. This southern route wiU soon be lined
with emigrants, and dotted here and there with
permanent settlers. It pasees over one of the best
mineral regions in the United States, and is the
shortest and best -route between the great valley of
the Mississippi and the Pacific.
A letter to-1
the arrival at El
tended? of i
with a part 1
Leach met 1
tempt to opto )
parallel. He spent two months in hewing his wil
through the erose timbers ofthe Trinity and Bra-
zos rivets, and dragging bis -wagons through the
sand-hills of the Colorado eountry. The writer
sayst
When he arrived at the Pecos, which he struck
near Delaware creek, he found that he had already
spent too. much time on the road, it was getting late
in the season; that his men and animals were suffer-
ing much from the fatigue.th«y. had undergone,
and he determined to change his original plan, and
follow the river Pecos down totheEI Paso roadahd
take the beaten trade.
Col. Leach has already apent sixty thousand dol-
lars Of the appropriation, and tbe first attempt to
make a road has not been made. We are now in-
formed that as a great part of the appropriation
has been spent, Col. Leach will go over the contem-
plated route, make a survey, and fill up the arroya
and gulleys he may meet; that ho does not expect
to bestow much labor on any portion of tbe route,
but will proportion tbe work so as to extend over
the whole road, uutil tbe money appropriated is
expended.
?T" Mr. Kinney of Nuecws county, has intro- j
duced a resolution into the Legislature instructing
the committee on Slaves and Slavery, to report by i
bill or otherwise upon the expediency of exempting:
from execution for debt one or more slaves of all
debtors. f
We doubt the expediency of suoh a law. An act;
of the kind was adopted in the days of the Bepublic;
but it proved very unpopular, and was soon re-
HT The citizens of Houston have expended by
voluntary contributions, $1,865 in enclosing and
planting trees in tfae Court-house square—an im-
provement as creditable to their good taste as to
their liberality.
J" The weather in tbe upper counties has been
cold and rainy of late. Tbe papers expresB the hope
that it has killed the grasshoppers.
El Passo—-A correspondent of the San An ton if
Ledger says the Indians have not committed any
depredations about El Passo for more than a month
and everything is quiet. Parties of Muscaleros
visit the towns of Donna Anna and Las Cruces every
few days for the purpose of trading. They are
peaceably inclined.
The Libeety Gazette, after a temporary sus-
pension, in deference to the prevailing fashion in
business affairs, has resumed. Its supply of "coins"
is ample, and the metal upon which its issues are
based is of the approved kind. New-papers are al-
ways issued from a metalic basis, still the Gazette
shows no disposition to break down other institu-
tions, and giveB notice that notes of the Agricultu-
ral Bank and notes on any of:tbe New Orleans
Banks will be taken at the office in pnyment of
dues.
The Civilian takes, we are glad to see, a conser-
vative view of the proposition some have made of
fixing over our State Constitution. For our part
we like the present Constitution so well, that rather
than risk it in the hands of a Convention within
the next five years, we would not alter a provision
of it.—Houston Telegraph.
The Telegraph expresses a sentiment as general
as it is conservative and correct.
The overland mail brings intelligence that the
Pimos and Marioopas Indians were planning an
expedition in retaliation against the Gila Apaclies
for the inroad made on their villages lust month.
The battle then fought was the largest Indian fight
which had occurred in those regions for many years.
Inasmuch as our red brethren must figbt, we are
glad that they keep the business amonsr themselves.
We can hear of their killing each other by hu ndreds
with resignation rather than hear ofthe murder,of a
single white person. We take neither side in tbo
present Contest, hut counsel both parties to be game
to the last.
New Establishment.—Attention is solicited to
the Card of Messrs. Hopkins & Edgar, who have
commenced business at the comer of Strand and
Centre streets. They are pleased with the position
and prospects of Galveston, and, having cast their
lots among us, anxious to contribute to the trade
and business prosperity of the city and country
indéntified with it in interest.
Comparative Decline of Slavery in Missouri.
The census of 1856, as compared with that ol 1851,
taken by State authority, shows that the free white
inhabitants are increaeing much more rapidly than
the slaves in Missouri. Although the actual in-
crease of slaves was 12,492 ; the whites iti the
same time having increased 205,703, or-sixteen
times as fast.
Cuban View or the Suoar Market,—The Ha
vana Diario de la Marina, of the 29th ult., reviews
at considerable length, and with its usual ability,
tho whole subject of the sugar market, of so much
interest to ourselves, as well as to tbe planters of the
neighboring island. Its argument, based upon the
demand and consumption in the London market,
which during thb first eight months and a half of
the last two years, otherwise bo different, have var-
ied but little, is a very encouraging one—viz : that
consumption cannot fail, in the long run^ to keep
pace with, if not to exceed, all possible production ;
and, consequently, that any depression in the mar-
ket, the result oi accidental causes, mnst necessarily
be of short duration. It is not willing, however, tu
commit itself as to the course of events the next two
months of the present year.
The philosopher Jones has discovered mhe respec-
tive natures of a distinction and difieren#6- He says
that "a little difference" frequently Jakes many
enemies, white a little dMnetion attnJMs hosts of
Websteb on Banking.—The following extract of
a speech made by Daniel Webster in the United
States Senate in 1882 may be found in Benton's
Twenty Year's View, page 244, volume 1:
"A disordered currency is one of the greatest of
political evils. It undermines the virtues necessary
for the support of the social system, and encoura-
ges propensities destructive of its happiness. It
wars against industry, frugality and economy, and
it fOBters tbe evil spirit of extravagance and specu-
lation. Of all the contrivances for cheating the la-
boring classes of mankind, none has been more ef-
fectual than that which deludes them with paper
money . This is the most effectual of inventions to
fertilize the rich man's field by tbe sweat of the
poor man's brow. Ordinary tyranny, oppression,
excessi ve taxation—these bear lightly on the happi-
ness of the mass of the community, compared with
the fraudulent currencies and the robberies com-
mitted by depreciated paper. Our own history has
recorded for our instruction enough, and more than
enough, of the demoralizing tendency, the injustice
and the intolerable .oppression on the virtuous and
well disposed, of a degraded paper currency author-
ized by law or any way countenanced by govern-
ment."
Again he says:
"The paper circulation of the country is, at this
time, probably seventy-five or eighty millions of
dollars. Of specie, we may have twenty or thirty
millions, and this principally in masses in the vaults
of the banks. Now; eir, this is a state of things
which lead constantly to over-trading, and to the
consequent excesses and revulsions which bo often
disturb the regular course of commercial affairs.—
Why have we so small aii amount of specie in cir-
culation? Certainly the only reason is that we do
not require more I W® have but to ask its presence
and it would return. But we voluntarily banish it
by the great amount of small bank notes. In most
of the States banks issue notes of all low (Jenom ¡na-
tions, even to a single dollar. How is it possible,
under such circumstances, to retain specie in circu-
lation I All experience shows it to be impossible.
The paper wi'l take the place ofthe gold and silver.
When Mr. Pitt, in the year 1797, proposed, in
Parliament, to authorize the Bank of England to
issue one pound notes. lf.t. Burke, lay sick at Bath,
of an illness of which he never recovered, and be is
said to have written to the late Mr. Canning : "Tell
Mr. Pitt that, if he consents to tbe issuing of one
pound notes, he must never expect to see a guinea
again."
Architectural Decorations.—Near Birming-
ham,in England, there are works in operation for
the manufacture of architectural decorations in ba
salt by melting and casting in hot raouids. The
products are very firm and beautiful; and are re-
presented as possessing characteristics of great dur-
ability. When cast in cold moulds, a glassy lava
termed obsidian is produced. The material gener-
ally employed is the rag stone of the neighborhood,
but furnaces are in operation for the reduction of
quartz by direct fusion according to a peculiar pro-
cess, in which the pulverized quartz is mixed witli
fiuor spar, lime, and oxyd of iron, which agents
combine with the silica and render the whole per-
fectly finid.
A Calculation has been made, by which it ap-
pears that, of overland and submarine tele^aghs,
there are completed ahd in progress of construction
at the present time, the following lengths :—United
States, 88,000 miles, overland ; South America,1500
miles, overland; Europe, 87,900 miles, overland ;
India, 5000 milCB overland. Submarine, Europe
and America, 900 miles. Total, 78,350 miles. This
aggregate will be increased 1700 miles by tbe com.
pletion of the Atlantic telegraph. Of the European
and Indian telegraphs, not more than from six to
seven thousand miles of the lines commenced are
finished, and the next six months will probably Bee
tbem all in operation.
The schooner Alamo arrived this morning
from Bnuwertrevwith TO bales
The Cherokee Nation.—Tbe Fort Smith Herald
has a letter giving intelligence from the Cherokee
Nation. The Council were trying to pass an act
providing tor the sale of the whole proceeds for the
purpose of pay in? the national debt, from the inter-
est thereof, while others wished the national debt
first paid, and the balance funded for national pur-
ses. The former measure, it was thought, would
adopted. A bill for tbe removal of the seat of
Government from Tahlequah to Fort Gibson, was
also before the Council, and, though strongly op-
posed, it was supposed would be carried by a large
majority.
" There's poor Hardy Lee called again 1" said
Mrs. Partington, on a trip to Boston. The wind
was ahead, and the vessel had to beat up, and the
order to put the helm '• hard-a-lee" had been
heard through the night. " Hardy lee again 1 I
declare, I should think the poor creetur would be
completely exasperated with fatigue, and I'm cer-
tain he hasnt eat a blessed mouthful of anything
all the while. Captain, do call the poor creetur
down, or human nature can't stand it.
Chiee Justice.—It is stated that Judge Hemphill
will not resign his position as Chief Justice until
after the next August election. This is as it should
be, as the office can only be filled by a popular elec-
tion, and a special election, at au unusual time,
neyer brings out a general vote.
As to the selection of a successor forjudge Hemp-
hill, publio opinion seems generally to point already
to Hon. B. T. Wheeler, one of tho j resent Associate
Justices of the Supreme Conrt. The long experienc.
of Judge Wheeler in tbe business of tho Supreme
Court does not constitute the only reason in his bo-
half. His education and reading are thorough
While In point of integrity, morality, and independ-
ence of thought, tempered with becoming modesty,
no man is his Superior He will probably have n<r
opposition.
Remarkable Instance or Heroism.—The Rev.
Mr. Scuddef, of India, in a letter to t-he Christian
Intelligencer, give* the following instances of hero-
ism, called forth by tbe Indian mutinies :
Let Americans never be ashamed that English-
men ore their forfatbers. England is a noble coun-
try. Her sons are heroes and herdaughters are hero-
ines. This rebellion has brought out deeds that do -
serve to be associated with those valorous actions
which we, with throbbing pulses, read in history.—
In one place a lady and her hnsband fled in their
carriage. He stood Upright; She took the reins;
She lashed the horses through a baDd of mutineers,
whilo he wi th cool aim shot dead one who seized the
horses' heads, arid another who eliraed upon the
carriage behind to cot him down. On they fled lili
again they found themselves among foes, and a rope
stretched acerosa the road made further progress
appear impossible. True to herself, she dashed the
horses at full speed against the rope, and as they,
bearing it down, stumbled, she by rein and whip
raised them, while her husband's weapon again
freed them from these who succeeded in leo ping
upon them. He was wounded, but, both escaped
with their lives.
In another place, a young lady, the daughter of
an officer, shot seven mutineers before they killed
her? A captain, pressed by his Sepoys, with his
good sword slew twenty-six of them before he fell 1
A Thie? with a "Relioiocs Turn or Mind.''—
A telegraphic dispatch from Chicago announces that
James O. Brayman, an editor of the Chicago Demos-
crat, was, on the 29tb Ult., sentenced to four years'
hard labor in the penitentiary, for stealing letters
from the Post-office in thst city. The Chicago De-
mocrat, in rnentionlng the case, says he was natur-
ally of a religious turn of mind, and passed most of
his leisure in reading religious papers and writing
therefor. His habits were abstemious and frugal.
He had a salary not only ample for his wants—but
more than he used. He has been honest and boner-
able in every relation of life, and yet he has broken
open letters and taken the money therefrom. The
Buffalo Advertiser thinks his stealing propensities
are to be attri buted to insanity or monomania. He
exhibited a great deal of method in his madness,
for he always took the letters that bad the most
money in them.
Simplicity of Dress.—Those who think that, in
order to dress well, it is neoeseary to dress extrav-
agantly and gaudily, make a great mistake.
Nothing so well becomes true feminine beauty as
simplicity. We have Been many a remarkable fine
person robbed of its fine effect by being over dress-
ed. Nothing is more unbecoming than overloaded
beauty. The simplicity of the classic taste is seen
in the old statues and pictures, painted by men of
very superior artistic genius. In Athens the ladies
were not gaudily but simply arrayed, and we doubt
whether any ladies excited greater admiration. So
also, the noble old Roman matrons whose superb
forms were worthy of them, were also plainly dress-
ed. Fashion often presents tbe lines of butterflies,
but fashion is not a olaseio goddess.
Houston, Nov. 19th, 1857.
Eeitobb Civilian.—We are in the enjoyment of
the most delightful weather, business is compara-
tively brisk, cotton is coming in quite freely. Our
rail roads are progressing, it is expected tbe Central
Bailroad will leach Hempstead by January next.
The friends of the Houston Calumbia and Wharton
Kailroad expect to reach Sandy Point, near Oyster
Creek, in time for the next cotton and sugar crop.
I am glad to notice that tho Legislature is dispos-
ed to extend time to the G. H. & H. B. B., I trust
your citizens will now go ahead and "complete the
bridge. We are anxious for the time to come when
we can leave here in the cars after breakfast dine
with our neighbors of the "city of the sea" and re-
turn home by tea. Is not that "good time coming"
soon.
Our school census, as published, shows less than
three hundred youtliB at school and seven hundred
and fifty within the city limits between 6 and 18
years of age—leaving four hundred and fifty out of
school—can your city beat this? Let us compare
our tchnol statistics i What Bay you ?
The enterprising agent of Messrs. Jones & Co.'s
Express Company, Mr. Gurney, has established an
Express line to Bichmond, which makes regular
trips every time the cars go, except Sundays and for
this exception he deserves credit.
Our citizens seem inclined to improve their leisure
time by awarding it to the literature with which our
three Book Stores, abundantly supply us. Books
sell briskly. Periodical literature is in much de-
mand. Novels are slow sale in this eminently
practical and money making community. A very
large amount of school text books are unusually
sold in this market. Belegiom books find a good
demand.
Houston can partly boast of her leading mer-
chants. It is to their intelligence enterprize and
untiring perseverance she owes her present proud
position. The same cause will work out for her a
bright future! We have also, a sober steady and
well qualified set of Mechanics ; all of whom, I am
glad to say, we busily employ at remunerative
wages. Our gaurdmen, are doing well. In short our
whole community is quite progresivo. No failure,
•felt or feared" among our merchants. A consider-
able amount of cotton has been sold in this market
within a few days at prices ranging from nine to
ten and one fourth cents. Onr citizens are prepar-
ing for Thanksgiving Day 26th instant.
Indians In coryell County.
intelligence, furnished by Mr: Thos. Williamson
of Coryell county:
About tbe 10th of this month,' Mr. Taber, who
lives about 17 miles from Beltou, on the Nolaud,
went up to old man Storm's resilience on Cow
House creek, S5 miles above Belton, to build some
chimneys—his wife accompanying him. He had
)een only a day there, when his horses, which were
itaked but a short distance from tbe house, wer«
nissed. The rope of one was cut and the other nn-
,ied. He followed them hy the marka made by
;raiiing the ropes on the ground for some 80 miles,
it a house about 6 miles from Storm's be learned
, hat five Comanches were seen to pass ear]y in tbe
norning with a caviOado of about 100 horses. A
ine American mare attempted to go to the house,
>nd when the Indians found they could not pre-
sent her escape they toiied her with arrows; a
lorse was also shot with three arrows and left be-
lind.
After Mr. Taber had followed bis horses for the
distance mentioned, he discovered signs of where
% party of men had passed in pursuit-of the Indi-
ans, and he returned.
About the same time a cavillado of about 80
horses were taken from within 8 miles of Gates*
ville. A company of about 80 men immediately
started in pursuit, and followed for 60 miles, when
12 of them turned back. The others said they
intended to go on until they saw the end of it.
Mr. Lewis, a son-in-law of Moses Jackson, Esq.,
was killed on Pecan Bayou, near Camp Colorado,
by Indians or men disguised as Indiaus. Mr. L.,
walked out near the residence of Mr. Lee about 8
miles from his place, to look at his cavillado of fine
American horses, when he saw six Indians riding
round his stock. He started in a run; five of tbe
Indians herded the horses, while the other one pur- .
sued Mr. L. Being afoot he waa soon overtaken and
shot, three arrows lodging in bis body. After Bhoot-
ing him the Indian said in plain and unmistakea-
ble English "Damn yon, I've beon wanting to kill
you. for somo time, and now I've got you." This
was in sight of Mrs Lee, who stood in her door.
Mr. Lewis succeeded in reaching this house and liv-
ed seme three honre after he was Bhot. He told
Mrs Lee what the Indian had said to him after he
shot him.
If Lee was out on a mule, and came accro*s 7 In-
dians, 8 of whom gave him obase, up to his own
field. To prevent being shot with arrows, he threw
himself over tho fence, then drawing his revolver he
shot one of his pursuere through the body, killing
bim Instantly, and wounded another. Two men
liad in the meantime come to Lee's house, and hear-
ing the report of the pistol they ran out to learn the
cause of it; the two Indians saw them and made
off, taking with them the dead body of their com-
rade.
As far as heard from, all the Cavillados of horses
above Storms, and across to the Leon, Colorado and
Pecan Bayou, have been tuken by the Indians or
men in the disguise of Indians, and all who own
3tock are bringing them down below Belton, and
she disposition among the people in that section is
to leave, themselves, if nothing is done, to protect
¡.hem. A Mr. Renfro is missing—supposed to be
killed by Indians.
, Further (rem tbe Fimos Tillages.
(.From the San Diego Herald, Oct. 3.]
The Overland Mail Company received an extra
on Thursday from the Pimos Tillages and the Co-
lorado, from the conductor of which we gather tbe
following particulars respecting the Iudian fight of
Sept. 1st which, as our readers will remember, was
an inroad made by the Tumas and Mojares with
the aid of a few Adache Tontos, upon the Mari-
copa and Pimos Indians.
Despatches received from the Company's agent,
at the Maricopa wells, are full and more accurate
than any previous informatien we have received
of this Indian fight. The agent went over the bat-
tle ground himself, and counted 55 dead Yutnas
along the road, pierced full of arrows. The Pimos
and Maricopas leave their dead enemies to tho
crows and coyotes, religiously refusing to touch
the bodies but allowing them to lie exactly in tbo
place and position they fell. They have the same
scruples respecting aU the property belonging to
them, so that bow aud arrows and other imple-
ments of warfare, together with their clothing
such little as they had, were untouched on the dead
bodies ot the Yumas.
At the time of making this inroad the Yumas and
their allies, tbe Mojavos, appropriated the corn and
melons Btored by the Maricopas, indeed, whateyer
property they could find, attempting to Becuie it on
their retreat, but when the pursuit became bot they
scattered evory thing along tbe road, intending to
destroy it, but muoh was afterwards secured and
gathered by tho Maricopa squaws.
I t is said theie were two hundred Mojaves in the
fight, who deserted the Yumas before the fighting
had really commenced. A great peculiarity in tho
mode of warfare practiced by the Pimos and Mari-
copas, is the fact of their not scalping their enemies,
as is the custom with nearly all tbe wild Indian
tribes of this country. ItseemB from the best in-
formation we can obtain, that they cut off a small
lock of hair fromsuch enemies as are killed in battle.
One custom prevails among the Maricopas and
Fimos, the same as we stated last week respecting
the Yumas, namely, that they destroy all the pro-
perty of the warriors billed In battle, as indeed they
do of those dying naturally. This custom is a re-
ligious one; they conBidcr the warrior will need his
horse, his bow and arrows, and some food, until he
can hunt or raise corn by planting, also his cloth-
ing and ornaments, as much iñ the next world as
he did in this.
Last month the Gila Apaches made an inroad on
tho north side of the villages, where the Pimos livo
carry ing off some Btock,how much could not bo as-
certained. The Pimos and Maricopas wore plann-
ing an expedition in retaliation.
From all accounts it would appear that this battle
in which tho Maricopas and their allies the Piraos
so bravely defended their homes, destroying nearly
tho whole forco which came in to battle against
tbem, is the largest Indian fight which has occur-
ed in this region for many years.
Tbe Ursin o tbe Bank of England,
So late as the time of the Restoration, every mer-
chant kept a strong-box in his own house, and when
an acceptance was presented to him, told down the
Crowns and CarolnBes on his own counter. Gen-
tlemen locked up their gold In their country houses,
or travelled with it in their coaches. Those were
tho halcyon days of thieves, when a burglar would
often be able, after a single night's work, to retire
with a fortune; and highway robbery was a lucra-
tive profession, whoso adepts were styled " Gentle-
men of the Boad."
By the end of Charles II's reign it was discover-
ed that it was both safer and more convenient to
have agents to keep the cash of commercial houses.
This new branch of business fell naturally into the
hands of the goldsmiths, who were accustomed to
traffic largely in the precious metals, aud who had
vaults where masses of bullion could lie sccure from
fire and robbers. It was at tbe shop of the goldsmiths
of Lombard-street that all tho payments, in coin
were made. Other traders gave and received noth-
ing bnt paper.
Of course the goldsmiths, from being tho treasur-
ers, soon become the masters of tho city. Gold-
smiths were the money-lenders. Goldsmiths furn-
ished the funds for all new enterprises. A gold-
smith's note passed current on 'Change for cash—
the nobility had to court tho favor of the goldsmith,
and Boyality itself, when a Government loan was
needed, privately summoned some of the wealthy
goldsmiths to its audience chamber.
The same reason which led the community to
gather their cash into fitty vaults instead of leaving
it scattered among a thousand, Boon led them to Bee
that it would be still better to keep it in one, instead
of fifty. In William the Third's time tho matter
was freely discussed, and in 1694 it took the definite
shape of a plan for a National Bank.
Of course bo great a change was not effected with-
out bitter opposition. A large class denounced the
" Bank of England " with much violence and vin-
dictiveness. Tories declared that Banks were re-
publican institutions, and predicted the ruin of the
monarch. Whigs declared it would be an instru-
ment of Boyal tyranny worse than the Star Cham- -
ber, aM predicted tbe ruin of English liberty. Tbe
cobility suspected it to be a scheme to elevate traders .
above the Peerage, and the poor were made to be-
lieve it a new device to grind them to the dnst.--
Nevertheless, the Bank was established, and gained
popular favor, less by argument than by its mani-
fest convenience and utility. It lived and grew and
prospered, and for a hundred and fifty years the
wealth of England has lived and grown and pros-
pered with it.
There appears, says the Gazette, to be a general
disposition in Austin to bring forward Justice
Wheeler as successor to Tfamphiii
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Health or Biibov Andbe#?—Tbe nn mesons
friends of this distinguished minister, every where,
will be pained to learn that be is in very bad health.
The North Carolina Christian Advocate thinks it'
doubtful whether he will be able to attend the ses-
sion of tbe Methodist Conference to be held in that j
8tate next month. If be is unable to attend, Biahopi
[ Pierce will take Ids place.
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Stuart, Hamilton & Brown, John Henry. Civilian and Gazette. Weekly. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 38, Ed. 1 Tuesday, November 24, 1857, newspaper, November 24, 1857; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth177379/m1/1/?q=Lamar+University: accessed June 6, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.