The Texan Mercury. (Seguin, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 27, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 25, 1854 Page: 4 of 4
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í
-No par redemption of the con-
was made by Congress. , The
of it soon reduced it
feTalae, sad eventually destroyed all confidence
m ü The lint fetae tot* place m 1775, and, by
the cad el 1776,' the country had been flooded
$18'000D00 of it. The whole amount
the war was not less than
, but the collections made by the
government in various ways can-
to timn about one-half of it, so
( did not at any period exceed
*#00-000000, nor did it reach that sum until its
Apteciation had compelled congress to take it
is end re-issue it at forty dollars for one in
specie. During the first year of its emission, it
kept nearly at par, but gradually decreased in
Value, until finally $1000 of it was offered for
one in specie, ween it ceased to be looked upon
as of any value at all. It was customary at that
day to treat it with the ntmost contempt and
levity, and workmen would show their disregard
for the low occasioned by its depreciation by
fasting it up in their shops, forming head-caps
of it, etc., etc. The continental congress, at
one time, offered to exchange forty dollars of
for one, by giving the holders
called a loan certificate at par; but as
these had gone down to eight dollars for one,
few were found to avail themselves of the slim
Inducement which this method presented.
When, however, the present Constitution was
fonjjpd, in 178$, all these loan certificates, and
evidences of debt which had been
to pay the expenses of the war, were
folded, and immediately rose to par—making
This constituted the public
and amounted to $94*000-000. The state-
we have givenmay seem to show a want
of proper regard for Its obligations on the part
of coagress; but most assuredly the statesmen
of the revolution were disposed to pay as far as
they could. We must recollect that by the
of the article of confederation, congress
to impAae taxes without the con-
cent of the States; that the government had no
tariff dories, and, *ith an army of
or forty 1houaaad men, desperate exer-
to keep the wbéels in
much we may now
looked carefully to their
m Ips letters to congress,
iMjmates that appeals to
itfy did little good; unless they were
with metalfic arguments. It has been
that the loss occasiened by the depre-
the continental currency only amount-
one dollar per head upon
F for six years. If it
had been thus 'equally distributed, it would
have been no more than each should
i toward the expenses of the war: but
should have been involved in finan-
whfle others were com-
it unequal aad oppress-
ly Times.
Va Cbajtcb roa Hbl—Once upon a time, a
loctor came to Damascos to seek his
When he saw the luxurious vegetation
-V- '
fa the place for me—plenty of fever."
on seeing the abundance óf water,
\ place like Damascus."
the town he asked the
> fa that building?"
h.®
; what fa that building?"
th.®
~ > V And whkt fa that building?"
"A butt."
!"Oh!" exclaimed the physician, "I was
mistaken; these' baths will take, bread out of
■y month. I'must seek fever-practice else-
where."
• —— ■ —
Parson «Brownlow, in exposing a defaulting
1 *bo has fled to parts unknown,"
him six dollars, uses the following tall
him be published in every journal in
until his defalcation is known; and
the wa^es of the Eaxine let his meanness
r along with the shrieks of the drowning
, and the groans of the dying Turks!
the deep-dyed waters of the Danube
i body from the eye of man, when the sabre
and the Turk shall have drunk
fab blood! And may the close of 1854
the sun to shine npon another
f abscond in our debt, too mean and
; even to write and promise to pay!"
Soldiers,
•** <*
1
:
•M
A widow once said to her daughter—" When
JW are at my age it will be time enongh to dream
imma," replied the thoughtless girl,
time." The mother fainted.
fclo Post says—"There are thirteen
uriage ble girls now in the factories
It is- pleasant to know in this
T of misery that there are thirteen thousand
i yet to be made happy."
with a turn for figures, had five eggs
id being told to give them three
, boiled them a quarter of an hour
motion fa out of order, as the chairman
meeting said, when he saw a ruffian
hie arm to throw a rotten egg.
The Cherokee marriage ceremony is very
and woman joining hands over
water, indicating that their life may
r in one stream.
The gratitude of the world is but the
expectation of fhtnre favors; its happiness, a
hard heart and a good digestion —[Walpole.
Love that has nothing but beauty to keep it
ra good health, is short-lived, and apt to have
ague fits.—[Erastus.
«5 .t®
S * k<
Sp.
, 7. 3 ~
cjj c->
^ T
t
Beef-hides.
The highest price paid for peltries and beef-hides, liv
j21 : m A. DOVE <fc CO.
Books, Stationery, Etc.
In addition to our large stock of books, we are now-
receiving, from New York, a complete assortment of
ochool books; such as are in general use. Also, a hand-
some lot of miscellaneous books: making onr stock one
of the largest in western Texas. We call the attention
of tochers to our catalogue, which will be furnished
them at their request. T. H. & G. B. HOLLAMON.
The N«York Weekly Tribune Enlarged.
On the eleventh of last April, The Daily Tribdne, hav-
ing completed its twelfth year, was enlarged more than
one-fourth, or to ttw size óf The London Times, makiug
it coosidenbly larger than any other cl^ap daily pub-
lished in tbis country or in the world* Xo change in
price was made in consequence of this enlargement; the
paper being still afforded to mail sub^criljers at $5 per
annum, and sold to carriers and to agents ordering it l>y
express or mail for distant sale at SI 50 for one hundred
copies, or S15 per thousand copies, payable in advance.
At these prices, our aggregate receipts for our entire
Dailv edition do not exceed the sums we pay for paper
and ink, leaving all other expenses to be defrayed from
our receipts for advertising. * In other words, we return
to each purchaser of onr paper from us his money's worth
in the naked sheet we send him, looking for the reward
of oar own labor and the heavy expenses of telegraph-
ing, correspondence, reporting, composition, printing,
mailing, book-keeping, rent, etc., to our advertisers alone.
We do not think it now possible to cheapen newspapers
beyond this point; if it efer shall be hereafter, we intend
te be even with the foremost in demonstrating the fact.
Onr semi-wéeldy, European, and California editions
wen: enlarged simultaneously and equally with the Daily,
and also without any increase of pnce. We respectfully
solicit a comparison of oar semi-weekly at $3 per annum
(two copies sent a full year fot $5, and ten copies for
$20,) with any $4 or So semi-weekly, and will cheefully
send copies for this purpose upon direct or post-paid ap-
plication.
The New-York Weekly Tribune enters on its thirteenth
year on the third of September, when it will in like man-
ner be enlarged to the size of the semi-weekly and daily,
adding more than one-fourth to its capacity; also without
increase of price. This enlargement adds at least $20-
000 per annum to our expenses, in addition to the previ-
ous cost of our daily, enlargement already effected. All
onr editions will, from the first of September next, ap-
pear in entirely new and beautiful type, now in course of
preparation expressly for this paper. Our steam cylinder
presses are not surpassed by any in the world. Even
though our weekly edition should be rapidly run up to
100,000 copies, we are prepared to print and mail every
copy on the day (Thursday) that the form is put to press,
without interrupting or retarding the regular issue of our
three duly editions, amounting to twenty-odd thousand
copies. We stand ready to adopt aAy improvements,
however expensive, which will enable us to disseminate
intelligence more freshly and effectively, and shall espe-
cially hail, as we labor to effect, a radical improvement
in the celferity and reliability of the mails.
The Tribune has not now its character to make or to
proclaim. It has not been and never can be a mere party
organ. It has supported the Whig party because the dis-
tinctive principles of that party appeared to favor the
great ends which it has labored to subserve; "it never ad-
vocated a measure because it was proposed or sustained
by the Whig party. It holds itself at all times as free to
condemn unsound principles, unwise measures or corrupt
acts, should the two former be propounded or the latter
perpetrated by Whigs as though they had emanated from
the hostile camp. Insofar as Peace, Liberty, Education,
Temperance, Internal Improvement and Industrial Devel-
opement may be subserved by acting with the Whig
party, it must continue to be, as it has been, Whig.
Though never acting with any Abolition or other one-
idea party, The Tribune is and must be the relentless foe
of human slavery, as of whatever else tends to degrade
labor and obstruct the intellectual and social develop-
ment of any portion of mankind. Were it able to per-
ceive that a vote in New-York could abolish slavery in
Carolina, it might attach itself to some one of the ex-
pressly Anti-Slavery parties: lacking that light, it de-
clines to abandon the substance for the shadow of politi-
cal good. But, while it does not see its way clear to any
effective political action against slavery in the States
which now cherish it, it regards the defeat of whatever
effort to extend the giant wrong under the flag of our
Unian, or to obstruct by its power the progress of Abo-
lition in our lan4, as among the most urgent and sacred
of public duties, not to be subordinated to any party con-
sideration whatever. And while it does not propose to
make Anti-Slavery the basis of political action, other
tban-defensive, it will neglect no opportunity, remit no
effort, so to diffuse light and truth as to render the con-
tinuance of slavery impossible in a land irradiated by the
sun of Christianity and boasting itself the great exemplar
political justice and law-guarded freedom.
We have no traveling agents. Any one wishing to re-
ceive The Tribune need not wait to be called upon for
his subscript ion. All that ^s necessary for him to do is
to write a letter in as few words as possible, incloso the
maney and write the name of the subscriber with the
post-office, county and State, and direct the letter to
• GREELEY & McELRATH. '
The Semi-Weekly Tribune.—Persons redding at
points where mails arrive oftener than once a week are
requested to examine the semi-weekly. We regard it as
the cheapest paper, all things considered, published in
the United States.
Tsbm8.—Single copy, oné year, $3 00; two copies, one
year, $5 00; five copies, one year, $11 25: ten copies,
one year. $20 00. GREELEY & McELRATH.
Mewing Machines.
These machines for simplicity, durability and
adaptedness for doing, with many kindsof thread,
all varieties of sewing in cloth and leather, with
the greatest speed and certainty, and in straight,
curved or irregular seams, are unequaled. The
stitch is wholly unlike any other rightfully in use.
It is formed by two needles supplied with thread
from stationary spools, and the threads are
securely tied together and fastened at each
stitch, forming a seam far stronger and more
beautiful than any other, which will not rip
when every third stitch is cut.
Our patents are upon the stitch itself, and all
practicable modes of making it. All persons
making, using, or vending machines sewing from
spools with two needles, only one of which pieces
the fabric sewed, or which make a fair stitch
with two needles sewing from spools, infringe
directly our patents, and will be dealt with
accordingly.
This machine has been, at great pains and
expense, expressly adapted by the inventors and
patentees to do all kinds of plantation work,
in a manner altogether superior to any machine
ever before offered to the public. The machine
is so simple and durable in its cbnstruction, that
any uegro of common capacity can do the work
of ten persons' sewing by hand, without the least
liability of the machine's getting out of repair.
The machine is so constructed that the same
machine can be used with the utmost facility
upon all kinds of negro clothing, and also upon
all kinds of cloth and leather work, from the
very finest to the heaviest.
Price for single machines, and right to use,
from $60 to $150, according to size and style.
Each machine is threaded for use and securely
boxed for# transportation to any distance,
accompanied with full directions foi using. Pam-
phlets containing numerous testimonials from
parties using them, sent to all who desire.
Exclusive rights for sale on liberal terms.
GROVER. BAKER & CO..
Patentees and sole manufacturers, 74 Chambers
street, New York; Haymarket Square, Boston;
42 south 4th st., Philadelphia; 166 Baltimore
st., Baltimore. d24y
GONZALES.
T. M. H Alt WOOD,
ATTORNEY AJVD COUNSELOR JIT LAW.
AM
GENERAL LAND AGENT,
«O.VZAI.K8, TEXAS.
Will practice in the following counties, viz;—Goliad, Vic-
toria. Jack#oD, I>e Witt, La Vaca. Colorado, Gonzales,
Caldwell, and Guadalupe. Any business entrusted to bis
care will receive prompt attention. sI7tf
THE TEXAN MERCURY.
The Mercury is the title of a new and very respectable
paper establiwed at Seguin.—[Civilian, (Galveston.)
The Texax Mebccrv.—We have received the second
numljer of a new paper with the above title, published at
Seguin, Texas, by Ií. T. Burke. It is a large, well
printed sheet, presenting an appearance worthy of one
of the most beautiful little towns in western Texas, that
kind of beauty. It is well edited, too, and we place it on
our exchange list with pleasur .-.—[N. O. Picayune.
We have before ns the first number of The Texan Mer-
cury, a paper published at Sequin in this State. The
Mercury is to be neutral in politics, devoted to science,
arts, literature, and the general interests of the country.
It is a pood fiv.ttd, neat paper, and exhibits ability in it*
editor, Mr. H. T. liurke. Wc give it a welcome, and
gladly place it upon our exchange list.—[Nueces Valley.
We have received the second number of The Mercury,
a paper published in Seguin, Guadalupe county; II. T.
Uurke, editor and proprietor. Jt is a neat, well printed
sheet, of ample dimensions. The editorials are well
written, and we have no doubt it will give entire satis-
faction to the people whose interests it is intended to sub-
serve.—[Trinity Advocate.
Texax Merccrv, Sequin.—We have received several
numbers of this new paper, and have l>een enabled to
examine it more attentively than at first. We are not in
the habit of) indiscriminate praise on every new sheet
that comes out, believing that it is carrying courtesy
farther than wisdom justifies. We feel, however, a pleas-
ure in saying that The Mercury is not only a handsome
sheet, as before stated, but one of stamina and ability.
Its columns are well filled with original and miscellane-
ous matter, and it promises to be a valuable auxiliary to
the farmers and merchants of that beautiful portion of
Texas. H. T. Burke, editor. The Guadalupe valley
now boasts of the Victoria Advocate, The Gonzales In-
quirer and The Mercury, besides a German paper at New
Braunfels; and no stream in the State can show more
useful journals. Success to our brethren.—[Indianola
Bulletin.
We welcomc to our exchange list a new paper, The
Texan Mercury, published at Seguin, by J. D. Buchanan,
and edited by H. T. Burke. The number before us, with-
out being large, is convenient in size, and beautifully
artistic in typographic finish. Its columns start with a
fair share of advertisements, whose 4i shadow^' we hope,
" may never grow less;'' and its editorials evidence a
quill" of no ordinary vim and facility.
We feel assured that The Mercury will have good local
patronage; and people who sustain such an educational
enterprise as the Seguin High School, will be found to
patronise a good newspaper.
Seguid is a wealthy, healthy, and lovely little town,
situate on the romantic banks of the Guadalupe, some
twenty-eight or thirty miles north-east of San Antonio, in
the centre of one of the richest agricultural districts in
the west—[Galveston Journal.
We have before us the first numljer of another new
paper in Texas,—The Texan Mercury,—published at
Seguin, Guadalupe county, by J. D. Buchanan, and
edited by H. T. Burke. The Mercury is beautifully
printed, on new type—is edited with spirit; neutral in
politics. Here 's our neighbor Burke:' May pros-
perity reward your enterprise.—[State Gazette, Austin.
Texax Merccrt.—We have received the two first num-
bers of this paper, published in Seguin, by H. T. Burke.
In point of typography, The Mercury is surpassed by but
few papers, if auy, in the State, and the editorial depart-
ment is conducted with ability. We wish our new cotem-
porary all possible success, which, no dopbt, he will meet
in so enterprising and public-spirited a community as that
of our neighboring sister, Seguin.—[Western Texan, San
Antonio. ,
New Paper.—We have received the second number of
The Texan Mercury, a weekly paper, published at Seguin,
Texas, by H T. Burke, editor and proprietor. The «first
number was probably lost in Peach Creek. It is a neat
mid interesting paper, and is edited with ability. Segnin
is a beautiful, romantic, and thriving place, celebrated
for the enterprising spirit of its inhabitants, as well as for
the ability and success of her institutions of learning.
Success to the paper.—[Texan Advocate, Victoria. '
Texax Merccrt.—We have received the first number
of this new paper, published at Seguin, Guadalupe
county. Its editorials give evidence of ability, and we
have no doubt The Mercury will be one of the most
interesting papers in the State. It can, and will, be lib-
erally supported, if the people of Guadalupe county
evince the same good judgment, as to their own interests,
that characterizes Texans generally. IL T. Burke is edi-
tor and proprietor.—[Bastrop Advertiser.
The Texas Mercury.—We have received the first
number of The Texan Mercury, a handsome sheet, pub-
lished in Seguin. We are happy to extend to The Mer-
cury our congratulations, aad to number it among our
exchanges. We#re glad, too, to notice the liberal spirit
with which our papers in tht west are supported. 'Almost
every county on the Guadalupe has established a paper;
a medium through which they may speak to the world of
their present happiness and niture prospects.—[Gonzales
Inquirer.
The Texan Mercury.—'The publication of this long-
promised sheet has, at length, commenced. The typo-
graphical execution is goad. The editorials evince ability
and intelligence. Texas supports more newspapers, in
proportion to populatioc, than any State in the Union.
The citizens of Seguin an famous for public spirit They
have two of the best schools in the State, which have been
established at consideraUe cost, and under circumstances
of a character to deter «y people not full of earnestness
and energy. We are gild to see a good newspaper in the
place; one deserving the patronage of the public gener-
ally.—[South-western American, Austin.
Blank forms for sale at The Mercury office.
WANTED:
500 bushels of corn. Apply, at the Magnolia House, to
jU READ k CARPENTER.
LAWS OF THE STATE OF TEXAS.
an act to define the fourth and secono ju-
dicial districts of texas, and to prescribe
the tike of holding courts therein.
Section 1. Be t enacted by the Legislature
of the State of Texas, That from and after the
passage of this act, the counties of Bexar, Guad-
alupe, Comal, Gillespie, Medina and Uvalde,
shall constitute the fourth judicial district of
Texas.
Section 2. Tlat the district court shall com-
mence in the ccunty of Bexar, on the first Mon-
days of March and September of each and every
year, and may continue in session five weeks.
In the county of Gillespie on the fifth Mon-
days after the first Mondays in March and Sep-
tember, and nay continue in session two weeks.
In the county of Comal on the seventh Mon-
days after tie first Monday in March and Sep-
tember, and may continue in session one week.
In the county of Guadalupe on the eighth
Mondays a/ter the first Mondays in March and
September, and may continue in session two
weeks.
In the county of Medina on the tenth Mon-
days after the first Mondays in March and Sep-
tember, tnd may continue in session one week.
In the -county of Uvalde on the eleventh
Mondays after the first Mondays in March and
September, and may continue in session one
week.
Secton 3. That the terras of the District
Courts of the second judicial district, shall be
held i each connty in the district twice in each
year, as follows:
In the county of Fayette on the first Mondays
in March and September, and may continue in
sessbn two weeks.
It the county of Bastrop on the second Mon-
day? after the first Mondays in March and Sep-
tember, and may continue in session two weeks.
in the county of Caldwell on the faurth Mon-
days after the first Mondays in March and Sep-
tember, and may continue in session two weeks.
In the county of Hays on'thé sixth Mondays
{iter the first Mondays in March and September,
tnd may continue in session one week.
In the county of Burnett on the seventh Mon-
days after the first Mondays in March and Sep-
tember, and may continue in session one week.
In the county of Travis on the eighth Mori-'
days after the first Mondays in the months of |
March and September, and may continue in ses-
sion until the business is disposed of.
Section 4. That all laws and parts of laws
heretofore enacted relating to the time of hold-
ing the several courts in the said second judicial
district be, and the same are hereby repealed,
and that all process which has beeu issued and
made returnable to the several courts of said
district, shall be and are hereby made returnable
to the said courts respectively, at the periods of
their sessions as specified in this act, and that
system or schools. | of said trustees to make
Be it enacted by the Legislature of
an act to establish
Section 1.
the State of Texas, That the sum of two millions
of dollars of the five per cent, bonds of the
United States, now remaining in the treasury of
the State, be set apart as a school fund, for the
support and maintenance of public schools,
which shall be called the special school fund,
and the interest arising therefrom shall be appor-
tioned and distributed for the support of schools
as herein provided.
Section 2. That the chief justice and county
commissioners shall constitute a board of school
all recognizances and bonds entered into by any commissioners for each county, whose duty it
person or persons in said courts, with reference
to the period of their respective sessions under
the laws heretofore in force, shall be and are
1 hereby made obligatory upon the parties, with
reference to the terms of said courts respectively,
: as prescribed by this act.
i Section 5. That all process made returnable
' to the district courts of any of said counties, as
prescribed by law at the. present time, shall be
| returnable to the terms of said courts as herein
¡prescribed; and that this act take effect and be
in force from and after its passage.
Approved, February 1, 1854.
an act for the relief
of the
9-c
colonists of
fisher and miller's colony.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legislature of
the State of Texas, that the commissioner of the
general land-office be, and he is hereby author-
ized and required to issue patents to, and in the
name of any of Fisher and Miller's Colonists,
their heirs or assigns, who may presents correct
surveys, made or to be made in said colony, in
pursuance of legally authorized colony certifi-
cates, for the quantity of land désignated in such
certificate.
Section 2. That where clear and evident mis-
takes have been committed by the commissioner
of said colony, as the granting of a section or
tract which has no existence, or where existing,
has been previously granted to another, or where
the colonists is ascertained in his certificate to
be entitled to a larger or smaller amount of
land than is given, or set apart to him in the
same certificate, in these and such like cases
of palpable error, the commissioners of the gen-
eral land-office is hereby authorized by endorse-
ment on said certificate, to correct the error
therein, and if necessary, to make the same,
either wholly or partly, a floating certificate.
Section 3. That all floating colony certificates
now issued, or that may hereafter be issued, by
virtue of this act, ^pd such others as may lose
their right to be fixed or located on certain sur-
veys, may be located in the office of the surveyor
in whose district said colony may be situated,
and be surveyed and patented under the same
rules and restrictions as other land certificates;
provided only that said colony certificates shall
be confinéd to the limits of Fisher and Miller's
Colony, and shall not be surveyed on any of the
alternate sections which are reserved by the
State, as 6hown by the colony map How in the
general land-office.
Section 4. That where too much land is found
to be contained in surveys heretofore given by
commissioners, the overplus may, on application
and payment to the commissioner of the gen-
eral land-office, of fifty cents per acre, or pre-
senting to the commissioner of the general land-
office a colony certificate unlocated, to be can-
celled to the extent of the excess, be included in
said patent.
Section 5. That all of the sections or surveys
which have been set apart <and undertaken to be
given by colony commissioners of said colony,
and named in the respective certificates as exhib-
ited on the map of said colony now on file in
the general land-office, may be patented by the
commissioner of the general land-office, although
the strict rule for the reservation of alternate
sections has not been followed.
Section 6. That the sum of one dollar shall
be paid for a colony patent, and where parts of
sections are given in the -same colony certifi-
cates, all of said parts shall be included in one
or more patents at the option of the party.
Section 1. That this act take effect from and
after its passage.
Approved, February 1, 1854.
an act to provide for the issuance of bounty
and donation land warrants, to persons
entitled to the same.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the' Legislature
of t&e State of Texas, That whenever any. per-
son shall be entitled by existing laws, to any
bounty or donation land, for services as a soldier
of the Republic of Texas, the adjutant general
shall issue a warrant for the same, upon presen-
tation of the certificate of any officer of the
company in which said service shall have been
rendered, stating Baid service; provided, the
name of the party applying for said land warrant
shall appear upon the muster-rolls of said com-
pany. •
Section 2. That where the name of the per-
son applying for such bounty or donation land,
does not appear on any muster-roll on file in the
office of the adjutant general, or where all of
the officers of such company shall have died or
removed beyond the limits of the State, the
adjutant-general, shall be authorized to issue
such bounty or donation land warrant upon pre-
sentation by the party applying therefor, of an
affidavit of two or more persons, and whose
names do appear on said muster-roll, who shall
have served in the same company, setting forth
the date and time of service of said party so
applying. ' •
Section 3. That any genuine discharge signed
by any captain, or other commissioned officer,
commanding division, when there is no muster-
roll on file in the adjutant-general's office, but
when the same has been allowed for pay by the
auditor and comptroller, shall constitute a suffi-
cient voucher to authorize the adjutant-general
to issue bounty warrants for the amount of land
to which they are entitled by law.
Section 4. That all laws convicting with the
provisious of this act are hereby repealed, and
that this act take effect from and after its pass-
Approved, January 31, 1854.
an act concerning offences against life or
person.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legislature
of the State of Texas, That any person being
at the time within or without the limits of the
State of Texas, who shall commit any offence
against the life or person of another, specified
in an act passed the twentieth day of March,
1848, entitled "an act concerning crimes and
punishments," that other, being within the limits
of the State; or that any person being within
the limits of the State of Texas, shall commit
any offence specified as aforesaid against the life
or person of another, that other being within or
without the limits of the State, shall be pun-
ished as specified in said act, and in cases of
homicide, the offence shall be made out by proof,
and in all cases where the deceased died with-
out the limits of the State, the same may be
given in evidence, and the same consequence
shall attach to such proof, as if the deceased
had died within the limits of the State.
Approved, January 31, 1854.
shall be, during the year eighteen hundred and
fifty-four, to form their respective counties into
school districts of convenient size, and number
the same, so that each district in a county shall
be known by its appropriate number. Pro-
vided, however, that in forming said districts
the convenience of neighborhoods shall be re-
garded as much as possible, and each school
district shall contain a sufficient number of chil-
dren for the maintenance of a school. They
shall also, at the same time, order an election
by the qualified voters of each school district,
for three trustees for each district, giving ten
days' notice of said election, by posting up
advertisement of the same at one public place
at least, in each district, stating fully the time
and places of holding, and the object of said
election.
Section 3. It shall be the duty of the chief
justice to appoint a suitable person in each dis-
trict to preside at the electipn in his district,
who shall make his returns within ten days to
the chief-justice of the county, and the said elec-
tions shall, in all other respects, be governed by
the laws regulating elections.
Section 4. The district trustees so elected
shall select from their number a chairman, who
shall, whenever it may be deemed necessary,
call a meeting of the trustees, and preside at
their deliberations, and perform such other
duties as may hereafter be assigned him.
Section 5. That it shall be the duty of the
assessor and collector of each county in the
State,- during the year eighteen hundred and
fifty-four, and every year thereafter, U> make out
a list of all the free white population in his coun-
ty, between the ages of six aqd sixteen years,
particularly designating the number of persons
between such ages in each school district, and
transmit the same, under his hand and official
signature, to the county clerk of the county, and
a certified copy thereof to the treasurer of the
State, on or before the first day of July, in each
and every year.
Section 6. That it shall be the duty of the
clerk of the county court to file and preserve in
his office the election returns and the list afore-
said furnished by the assessor and collector. It
shall be the duty of the treasurer of the State
to ascertain from the abstracts transmitted to
him by the assessor and collector, the aggregate
population between the ages of six and sixteen
years, and so much of the fund appropriated by
this act as may be in the treasury shall be ap-
portioned among the different counties in the
State, according to the number of the popular
tion of scholastic age in each county, subject to
the order of the county courts, and payablé to
the respective county treasurers, upon the order
of such county court, under the hand of the
chief justice and the seal of the court, or such
amount may be placed to the credit of the asses-
sor and collector of taxes of such county, upon
his payment into the county treasury of his coun-
ty the amount so apportioned to such county,
and filing the recept of the county treasurer,
acknowledged by said treasurer before the
clerk of the county court, and by the said clerk
duly certified, under his hand and the seal of his
court, with the treasurer of the State.
Section 1. That it shall be the duty of the
district trustees to fix the time and place for
holding an election in their respective districts
(for the locatiom or selection of school honses
within their respective districts) and to appoint
a presiding officer. That ¿he chairman of the
board of trustees shall cause written notices of
said election to be posted up for at least five
days next preceding the election, in three public
places in each school district. That the returns
of said election shall be made within five days to
the'chairman of the said board, wbo shall exam-
ine the same in presence of his co-trustees; and
majority of the votes polled in a district shall
be necessary to the permanent location of a
schopl house; and no change of the location of a
school house thus located shall be made, except
by a majority of two thirds of those voting in
such election, taken after due notice as above
provided.
Section 8. That no money shall be drawn
from the county treasurer for school purposes in
any school district, until the peóple of such dis-
trict shall have provided a good and substantial
school house, with the necessary seats and other
fixtures, and that the money appropriated by
this act shall be applied only toward the pay-
ment of teachers for each school.
Section 9. That it shall be the duty of the
school trustees for each district, as early as
practicable %fter their election) by giving due
notice, to call a meeting of all the patrons of the
school in the district, and a majority of those
present shall indicate to the trustees the length
of time during the year they desire a school, the
kind of teacher they want and the amount of
salary they are willing to pay. It shall be the
duty of said trustees to observe, as far as possi-
ble, such instructions, to employ teachers of suit-
able moral character and qualifications, to visit
from time to time the district school or schools
under their charge, to expel a pupil for miscon-
duct, to examine all complaints between teacher
and pupil of a serious character, to discharge
a teacher for incapacity or improper conduct,
and generally to exercise supervision over the
affairs of the school within their district.
Section 10. That the teacher of each school
shall be required to keep a roll or day-book,
and at the close of his term of service to furnish
said school trustees with a tabular statement
of the names of all the patrons and pupils of the
school; the number of pupils sent by each pat-
ron, and the number of days attendance by each
pupil, which statement shall be supported by his
affidavit, made before some officer authorized to
administer oaths, that the same is true and cor-
rect.
Section 11. That it shall be the duty of said
trustees, upon receiving the shares of the school
fund to which their school district is enti-
tled, to apply the same toward the payment
of the teacher's salary, and the remainder of
said salary, if any, to apportion equally among
the patrons of the school according to the
number of pupils and the time sent by each
to the school; and if any such patron should
neglect or refuse to pay his share of the salary
apportioned as aforesaid, said trustees may insti-
tute suit against him or her for the amount of
money due, and the tabular statement furnished
them, under oath, by the teacher, and mentioned
in the preceding section of this act, shall be
prima facia evidence of such indebtedness.
Section 12. If any patron or patrons of the
school arc unable to pay their share of the sal-
ary apportioned as aforesaid, and the said trus-
tees be satisfied of the fact, it shall be the duty
patrons ÍA the district, together with the
of money due from each for tuition,
the same under their own proper
the chief justice of the county.
Section 13. That, the chief justice of eacl
county shall annually furnish the treasurer of the
State with a statement under his hand and Mai
of the county, of the amoont of money doe for
tuition from all such patroM as are exempt
under the preceding section of this act in the
county, according to the lists retwaod by the
school trustees. And the treasury <of the State
is hereby authorized and required to ftf Mid
amount of money due from the patMM
exempt, out of the school fund derivablo
taxation and created by the Constitution
State, and he shall distribute the same in Ban-
ner and form as provided in the sixth section
of this act.
Section 14. That the county treasurer of
each county shall give bond with two or
more securities, payable to the county, twicr
the amount of the school fund to which hi*
county shall be entitled, so soon as the chief
justice shall be notified bj the treasurer of the
State of the amoont to which his county is
entitled, which bond shall ha conditioned that
he will well and faithfully hasp mi aocooat (or
the money to him committed
for his county, and pay out the i
the order of the chief-justice of
under his hand and the seal of the connty i
He shall also enter into a bound book, to Í
by him for that purpose, all moneys receive^ ¿11'
moneys paid out, and to whom and when
and register aad number all orders by "'
or accepted tobe paid, which book,
with orders, such shall be by
at his annual settlement with the
That after the year eighteen hundred
four, his said bond shall be renewed,"
first and tenth of September of each year; 1
suits upon such bonds shall be in the
the county, and in other respeets they i
governed by the laws relating to thei
county treasurers.
Section 15. That the trustees of each i
district shall be elected annually after the
eighteen hundred and fifty-four, on the first
Monday in September, in the manner herein pro-
vided; that they sh&ll be a body corporate and
politic, by the corporate name of the —
of Common School District No. -, (Í
blank with the number of the district,) aad, tar
the purposes for which they are created, aay
sue and be sued, hold and dispose of property,
and do such acts and things as are incidental
and necessary to the performance of their doÜM.
Section 16. That the treasurer of the'
shall be ex-officio superintendent of
schools in the State, and it shall be his duty
immediately after the first day of September in
each and every year, to record the abstracts of
children of lawful age in the different counties,
and apportion the moneys as herein coatem-
plated, distributing to the several countief the
amount to which each is entitled, according to
its scholastic population, ascertained in the
manner herein prescribed, aad aka the amount
due for the tuition fees; and it shall further be
the duty of the treasurer of the State, to pro-
vide the necessary record books, to be by feiai
kept exclusively for recording abstracts, as
herein contemplated, and keeping a full aad
perfect account of all investments and
belonging or in any wise appertaining to
common school fund of this State, 'aad áü
apportionments and distributions of rnoaey by
him madf for
shall report to the
before the first day of October itioa of
the common school fund, and
regular session of the legislature
tions in regard to the
may be deemed advisable; that the fiscal i
lastic year shall commence on the first flay
September and ead on the fitat day of A^p
in each and every year from and after the!
day of September next.
Section 11. That it shall be the duty of the
chairman of the board of trustees for each
school district, to present at least once a year,
his application to the chief-justice of his
for such amounts of sajd fund as his
may be entitled - to receive, according to the
number of children between the
irescibed within his district,
¡is application to the chief-justice
the amount of money dne his
tuition of children exemot
the said chief justice, having duly iafofMed
himself that the same is correct, shall draw upon
the county treasurer an order,
and seal of the county court, for the
amounts so due and demanded.
Section 18. That nothing in this
prevent the trustees of. aay school dii
being instructed by a majority of the
schools in such district,
teacher of a primary department in
or academy, and converting such
partment into a common school for
and that this act take effect from
Si
I
passage.
Law Text-keeki)
at northern prices, for sale by..
White, 150 Canal st.: Pothieroa_
Yattel's Law of Nations;'
stone's Commentaries;
Burrill's Law Dictionary;
Practice; Conkling's U. S.
Mercantile Law; Chitty on I
Philips on Evidence, with f
man's Mackeldey;
Law; Stephens' PI
Code Napoleon; Story's
Constitution, 2 vols; Stores
Greenleaf on Evidence; Rosi
dence; Wheaton's Law of Ns
tional Law; Story's Saries of ]
ibald's Criminal Pleading; ~
Írudence; Anthon's Law
'exas, Mississippi, New York,
and other State Reports,
Paper Wi
Cyrus W. Field & Co., i
No. 11 Cliff Street, New York, ara i
in the United States for Mi
bleaching powder. Victoria'
writing papier; Russell do. superior do.
do. do; printing do. Rawlins & Sons'
tissue do; first quality French ultra-ma
They are also agents for the principar
manufacturers in the country, and offer
by far the most extensive and desúsable i _
paper and paper manufacturers' materials, that
can be found in this, or any other country.
They occupy the large and commodious ware-
house, No. 11 Cliff street; No. 58 ClifT strypt;
No. 184 Christopher street, and the lofts^
the large iron stores 7 and 9 Cliff street. .
business is strictly wholesale, and writiag 1
is sold by the case only. Their
facilities enables them to offer all ¡,
eign and domestic, at the lowest
Paper made to order, aay
Liberal advances made on oc
paper makers' stock and
The highest market price paid
kinds of rags.
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Burke, H. T. The Texan Mercury. (Seguin, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 27, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 25, 1854, newspaper, March 25, 1854; Seguin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth180502/m1/4/?q=Lamar+University: accessed June 9, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.