Democratic Telegraph and Texas Register (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 7, Ed. 1, Thursday, February 15, 1849 Page: 2 of 4
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sap-
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, tho United States 5 but only were "questions of bound-
ary" submitted to thoir-arbitrement.
There was pending at the timo of Annexation
a question of boundary between Texas and Moxico,
aud this question rotating to boundary was tho whole
foundation and final cause of tho authority vested in
tho United States, by their treaty making authorities,
to adjudge and determine this question in a manner
as (favorable to Texas as Mexico mij;ht -by all the
lawful ineaus of .negotiation, be induced to acqui-
esce in.
But this question ceasing to exist, all authority
dependant upon its ex:steuec must also reap..
The late treaty of peace between the United Stales
ana fllexico pnt an end to every question or contro-
versy, and in doing so pnt an end to the authority con-
ceded to the United States in die resolutions of annex-
ation. But, what is the claim now set up on behalf of
Congress 1 It is this : the treaty making authorities
of tho Union, to whom was entrusted a controversy
touching boundary between a foreigu nation and one
of the States of the Union, havmg concluded that
controversy in a manner not satisfactory to the Fede-
ral Legislature, that Legislature may lawfully rectify
the-matter by assuming as a proper subject of legisla
tive jurisdiction, the determination of the limits and
.-extent of a sovereign Slate.
Whence such a power? If tho controversy be
tween Texas and Mexico still subsisted, no o'no.would
imagine that Congress was competent to take cogni
zance or it. liow, then, can it ho protended that the
resolutions of annexation intended to commit that con
troversy to Congress, and -jiot to tho treaty .making
power? It seems, therefore, that by confounding a
'question of boundary between a foreigu nation and
one of tho States of tho Union with the matter of
boundary and limits as subjects of internal domestic
legislation,, a jievf authority is sought to be derived,
never thought of in tho resolutions of annexation ; and
.furthermore, that thai authority-is asserted in favjbr of
ja department of the Government equally unthoughtof
jninosoTcsomuons.
Suppose that at the timo of annexation, a contro
y'ersy had existed between Texas and Mexico not rel
utivo to territory, but relative to the navigation of
some river scperatmg the two Kepnblics, and that the
resolutions of annexation had authorized the United
Slates to determine all "questions of navigation,"' can
it bs pretended, that under such a provision. Congress
would have legislative jurisdiction over the whole
matter of internal navigation, as a substantive founda-
tion of power?
For the reasons set forth in the foregoing report, tho
-minority solemnly protest against tho action of tho
House of Representatives, or tho Congress of tho
,1uited States, touching -tho territory claimed by the
..State of Texas.
T ' T. PILSBURY,
In behalf of tho minority of the Committee.
FROM CALIFORNIA.
We are allowed to publish the following extract from
J a letter from an officer in the squadron of Commodore
fJoues, who gives a vivid and life-liko picture of the
stale of things in California at the time of his writing.
Nat In.
United States Ship Ohio. ?
Monterey, (California,) Jov. 1, 1848. 5
"We arrived hero on the 9lh of iast.raomh. The
weather for the last fortnight has been delightful,
very much like our finest October weather at homo.
The pleasant season has just commenced.
"It will be -impossible for persons at a distance to
realize the state of affairs here. Gold is the only sub-
ject discussed. It is bought and sold in grocer's scales
It-is selling for 11 an ounce here, 10 at San
Francisco, and $6 at the mines. It is worth over
18 in the United States. At the mines it is the only
mediuji of exchange. The price of a gLss of grog is
-"a pinch of gold." Tho Indians had at first 110 idea,
aud have scarcely an' now, of its relative value.
They would offerali they had for anything that plea-
sed them. A man from the mines told mo that he
had sold a blanket for $2&U in gold, and tho hat that
he wore, up there (an indifferent one) for 64. Every
one that can possibly do so, has gone to the mi lies.
There are some fifteen tr twenty vessels at San Fran-
cisco; which cauiiot leave because their crews have
deserted. They offer 50 a mouth, and cannot get
men at that ; the usual wages were about 12. Those
who reap mo;tin this golden harvest are the small
traders: for, as a matter of course, tho necessaiics of
life are scarce. One of these men informed me that
he retailed flour .at two dollars a pound, aud said it
had been four; he also-sold sugar at 2 per pound,
brandy at 12 a bottle. Browbars, pickaxes, &c, sold
at first for an enormous price.
The mine is nowknown to be four hundred miles
long and one hundred broad. It is thought to be much
longer, bnt it has not hecn explored further. A man,
without much exertion, can make 1,000 a month;
some have made it in a few days. 1 saw a party that
had been in tho mines about two months, each one tper-
bou) averaged aboutjl,500.a month apiece weighing-tweurty-five
pounds has been found. The largest piece
that I have seen, iveighed one jround and two ounces.
Theinost-that is found is small and fine. A roan
will leave a place at which he does not find more than
-an ounce a day. The machines are very rude, in fact
it would be profitable to work that which.escipes them,
were there not richer work all around. Thero are
about ten thousand persons working. People aro flock-
ing all around. Tho mines arc said to be inexhausti-
ble. The present low price or gold cannot long last,
for I suppose a mint wlil soon be established ; nor can
the necessaries of lifo long remain as they are, though
they will be-high for some tune.
Nothing for consumption is made here, but cargoes
are on the way from South America, and the Islands,
and no doubt capitalists will soon have their agents
here, which -alone would bring geld nearly to its pro-
per value. I had a revolver, worth about 12 in the
United States ; as a special favor, I parted with it for
3i oz. gold, equal to G5 in the United States.
Persons are seen with lots of gold valued at thou
sands of -dollars, who a few mouths since would have
considered themselves fortunate in having 40 m
their possession.
Doctors are making fortunes fast ; their fee at tho
mines for feeling the puSso is an ounce of gold. It U
said-lhat somoof them are making 100 a day. It
isvery sickly now at the mii.es.
imighl write a great deal more, but I suspect you
-fc -have enough of this Fubject.
K. Wocxpecttosail in a few days Tor San Francisco
where wo will probably remain some lime. We are
anxious to leave the country, for the men have so ma-
ny temptations to desert that it is necessary for the
orticers to be on the alert, which prevents iheir enjoy-
ing themselves"
CALIFORNIA GOLD.
The Washington Union of Sunday, tho 21st iust.
gives tho following extract of a letter from Thomas O.
Larkin,Esq.,!ate consul aud now navy agent of the
United Statesto the Secretary of State, dated at
Monterey, Nov. 16, 1848, and received in this city on
Friday evening last :
The digging and washing for gold coutinues to
increase on the Sacramento placer, 60 far as regards
tho number of persons engaged in tho business, aud
ihe'sizo and quantity of the metal daily obtained. I
have had in my hands several pieces of gold, about
twenty-three carats fine, weighing from 1 to 2 pounds,
and have it from food authority that pieces have been
found weighing sixteen pounds. Indeed, I have heard
of one specimen that weighed tweeuty-five pounds.
There are many men at the placer, who in Juue last
had not .one hundred dollars, now in possession of from
five to twenty thousand dollars, which they made by
digging gold and trading with the Indians. Several,
I believe, have made more. A common calico shirt
or even a silver dollar, has beeu taken by an Indian
for gold, without regard, to size : and a half to one
ounce of gold say 3 to IC is now considered
the price of a shirt, while from three to ten ounces is
the prico of a blanket. One hundred doliars a day,
forseveral days in succession, was and is considered
a common remuneration for the labor of a gold digger,
' though few work over a month at a tune, as the
fatigue is very great. From Jul' to October oue half
of the gold hunters havo been afflicted either with the
aTue-and fever or the intermittent fever, and twenty
days absence from tho placer during those mouths
necessary to escape mese ureases-, increimvciiui,
however, been lnutry fatal cases. The gold is now
sold, from the smallest imaginary piece in size to pieces
of one paund iu3weight, at 1G per troy oances for all
the purpose of commerce ; but those who are under
the necessity of raising coin to pay duties to tho
Government aro obliged In accept from 10 to 11
per ounce. All the coin in California is lively to bo
locked np in this custom-house, as tho last tariff of
our Congress is in force here in regard to the receipt
of money.
Could you know tho value or tho California placer
as I know it, you would thiiik you had been instru-
mental in obtaining a most splendid purchase for our
country, to put no other construction ou the late treaty.
The pjaccr is known to bo two or three hundred
milea long; and as discoveries are constantly being
made, it may prove ono thousand miles in length m
fact, it is, not counting the intermediate miles yet
explored. From five to ten millions of gold must be
oar export this and next year. How many more
years thin Btate of thing3 will continue I cannot say.
. -You may wonder why I continue my correspondence!
I answer, from habit, and your mimy remtrks of tho
interest you lake in my letters.
President Napoleon's Revieio of the National
Guard. We abridge the following account of the
first public appearance of the President, from the cor-
respondent of tho London Times:
"The first military spcctaclo in honor of tho new
President of the Republic, took place on.Sunday. At
an early hour the National Guards of the banlieu and
troops of the line bgan to cuter Paris, and so very
ca-ly 'is half past ix tho rappel was beating the whole
extent of the bjnlvards. l'ho morning was bitterly
cold, yet this did not seem to diminish tho enthusiasm
always Ml by tho French people for military display;
n J crowds of both sexes were seen from eight o'clock
to gather lrom all directions and from all outlets, to-
ward the grand point of a traction in the Place do la
Concords where, from the foot of the obelisk, it was
expected that the whole force would defile before tho
President. At ten o'clock the President left the Pal-
u'so do l'Eysec, attended by tho Minister of War, and
followed by a numerous and brilliant staff, among
whom was Gen. Lamoriere. Lauis Napoleon wore
the uniform of a Genoral of the' National Guard, with
the cordon and star of the legion of honor.
A long white plume floated from ljis hat, which,
however, he almost constantly held in his hand as ho
returned tho salutations from the armed foicc as well
as from the people. He looked well, notwithstanding
the coldness of the morning. Slight flakes of half mel-
ted snow began to fall about half past ten o'clock. Ho
rode at a s'.ow, pace aloug tho lufe, appeared to sit his
horse well, and returned with grace aud much digni-
ty the acclamations w.th which his presence was gree-
ted. He proceeded from the Place de la Concorde
slowly and steadily towards the Madelaiue, proceeded "
by a detachment of mounted National Guards. Ho
then turned to the right, aud went in the same man-
ner along ihe boulevard, entered the Rue de la Paix,
and proceeded to the Place Vcndome, where the
fourth legion was drawn up in double line, parallelto
the Place, Teady to receive him. The acclamations
which greeted his preseuco on the" Place dela Con-
corde, theTtue deia Revolution (cidcvantRue Royalo)-.
and the boulevard, were certainly such as must have
been gratifying in tl.o extreme to him and his friends;
but they were little m comparison with the burst of
enthusiasm which hailed his appearance on the spot
where, at tho summit of the beautiful column, the
Emperor Napoleon overlooks the vast extent of Paris.
The cries of Vioe Napoleon! Vive Liuis) Napole-
on! were deafening; but when he cams in front of the
statuo aud slopped it was but for a second or two
reined up his horse for an instant, and gently and
most gracefully inclined his head before the hero, not
a man, woman or child of the vast crowd that thron-
ged the place, but joined in that immense shout o"
Vice Napoleon. Tho feeling was absolute!' couta-"
gious, aud you might have seen the tears start from
tho eyes of old and rugged looking men.
It is difficult to say whethor the gentle obeisance
if the slight inclination of the head could be so tcrmed-
was intentional or not. It had all tho appearance of
baing unpreteuded. At all events it produce its effect.
Tho President then proccedsd to tho gardens of the
Tuilleries. and to the Champs Elysecs, returning to
the Place de la Concorde, where the entire force slow-
ly defiled before him. An old trumpeter of the Impe-
rial Guard, dressed in the full uniform of that corps,
was enthusiastically cheered by tho people.
With two or three ex'eptions, tho cries were Vice
Napoleon! Vive Louis Napoleon! only. The ex-
ceptions consisted of two or three men en blouse, in
the Place Vendome, at tho moment the President
passed, adding to the cry Vice Republiquel '1 his re-
ception of the new President must certainly have been
gratifying to his feelings. No doubt a good deal
might be attributed to old recollections; but much also
to his own bearing on this his first appearauce before
the army which was so graceful, engaging and
dignified.
GOLD EXCITEMENTS.
Iu tho year 1803, a negro found in North Carolina a
lump of gold weighing 27 lbs., worth some 8,000 and
since that time man' mines have been discovered aud
worked iu Virginia, North Carolinia, South Carolinia,
Geogia, Alabama, aui Louisiana. In 1830, nearly as
great an excitement prevailed in relation to them as
does now in reference lo California. Persons from all
quarters crowded in those regions, and tho product was
then estimated at 5,000,000 per annum. Gradual-
ly, however, hopes failed to be realized. Although
the mines became richer as they were worked tho
business was found, in tho long" run, los profitable
than others. Hauds were withdrawn to fields. Com-
panies dissolved, aud tho work was continued only by
fanners aud othera who dig gold only when otherwise
unemployed Thecnsus gave the number of smelting
concerns at 156, and the product for 1839, 52940G.
From 1824 down to 1843, about 14,000,000 has been
realized from those mines. The new excitement in
California is sustained by official reports, and the ar-
rival of considerable quantities of gold in this city of
great purity, say 22 carats fine. A "carat" is a
weight, of 4 grains, used in weighing diamonds, but
used in reference to gold, the mass is supposed to
weigh 24 carats, 12 grains each, and "22 carats fine"
means there 23 carats of pure gold, and 2 carats of al-
loy.aud this 22 carats is about the fineness of our
gold coiu; or, as expressed in the mint term, 22 carats
is 917 thousandths fine.
""CL
A GOLD WASHING MACHINE.
INVENTORS' NATrONAL INSTITUTE.
The iuventors of Baltimore, Md. aud neigborhood,
with the assistance of some of their benevolent capita-
lists, have formed an Inventor's National Instituto for
the purpose of assisting that most valuable class, tho
Inventors, m their praiseworthy efforts in the produc-
tions ofsach appliances as multiply ihe means of pro-
ductions, better the condition and more perfectly sup-
ply tho wanU of the world. They are now preparing
to hold a Conventian of Inventors iu that city, ou Tues-
day, the 6lh of March, 1849. They havo had sev-
eral newly invented machines presented to them by in-
ventors for the consideration, approval and assistance
of tho inst.t.itioii. Among them is a plan for Wash-
ing Gold, which emLraces about as pretty a piece of
philosophy as has ever been exhibited in any machine.
It is calculated to scperato tho gold, whether in largo
or sma i pieces, fio.ii all kind of foreign matter, from
fine dusi or sand to threo or five pound stones atone
operation, and will do the work of twenty men at
least.
This machine fully evinces how ready aud prolific
is that peculiar talent of tho inventi-r. Nosconerisa
machine needed to accomplish a uw object o p jrposo
lhau tho inventor's intellect is able to bring it into ex-
istence. What would we be as a nation without the
advantages derived from their skill and ingenuity.
Take from us at this tho Printing Press, as improved
within the last ten years, the Power Loom, tho Cotton
Gin, the Steam Engine, Steamboats, Railroads aud
Locomotives, aud what an awful Btate of affairs we
should bo reduced to.
SECRETS FOR THE LADIES.
As you are fond of having flowers in tho room, you
will, perhaps, be ghd to know how lo preserve cut
flowers as long as passible. Tho most simple rules
are, not to put to many flowers iu one glass; to chango
tho water every morning, and to removo every decay-
ed loaf as soon as it appears, cutting off the ends of the
stems accaslonally, as soon as they ohow any symp-
toms of decay. A moro efficacious way, however,
is to put nitrate of soda into the water. About as much
as can bo easily taken up bstween the forefiugor and
thumb, put into the glass every time tho water is
changed, will preserve cut flowers in all their beauty
abow a fortnight. Nitrate of potash, (that is, for
common saltpctre,)in powder, has tho samo effect,
but it is not qtulo so efficacious. Mrs. Loudon's
Lady'a Country Companion.
HOW TO SPOIL A CHILD. v
Above a 11 mistaken, is that of supposing that the bet""
ter nature of u child is to bo drawn out aud raised into
strength, which we rhonld desire toseo in the,man, by
making him pass through a cold and cheerless youth.
A system of petty restraints, of privat.on, of sovcro
looks, aud incessant t cli- lding. only results in depra-
vingthe feelings, and perverting the reason of ayoun
person. Ho is under such circumstances, entirely out
of hannouy with nature. He is like a flower, which
requires light and v.armth, placed iu a cellar where
it can never ac-juiro its propor proportions, color, or
vigor. It is qnito impossible that a child bo treated
can ever attain th prop-r characteristic of a well-
constituted man or woman.
VEGETABLE FOOD FOR FOWLS.
Domestic fowls hhould havo cut turnips, cabbages
and potatoes constantly supplied to them during winter
as well as m tat. If the temperature in which they
aro confined, is not to low, large quantities of Ihea-
bova articles may be given at once, as there will be
no danger of their eating too much, if they aro con-
stantly supplied, or of loss from freezing. Those who
havo never tried this system, will find it highly eco-
nom ca Tho lion is too p.ofiiable a fowl, when jir per-
ty kepi, to ba neglected.
INFLUENCE OF NIGHT TEMPERATURE
ON PLANTS.
Every garden-r who pretends to an acquaintance
with liis profess.on is now aware of tho perjudicial
effect of high night temperature. We have repeat-
edly pressed the subject on hifc attention, we have
6hown that in countries, called hot, the thermometer
often falls low through the night, and that, to the vine
in particular, night cold is indispenablo Jand the well
known formation of ice near Calcutta, although
brought about by slightly artificial means, is in itself
a beacon lo guide the gardener who reflects. In short,
tho kind of periodical rest which low nocturnal tem-
perature secures to plants is undoubtedly as necessary
to them as sleep to animals; it may bo broken for a
short timo with impunity, but it must be -provided
eventually, aud tho greater tho regularity of it the
better the health cf tho individual.
THE TELEGRAPH.
EDITED BY FJB.A2TOIS MOORE, Jr.
Houston, Thursday, February 15, 1849,
The steamship Portland arrived at Galves
ton on llie lltii inst., and brought dates from
New Orleans to the 10th inst.
The commercial news is somewhat discour
aging. There has been a further decline of
cejit per lb. on cotton, since the receipt of
the Canada's news from Liverpool. The
quotations in the New Orleans market on the
9th inst., were for middling G to 6J and 6 to
6i fir good middling.
The New York Herald gives a list of the
vessels and passengers that have sailed for Ihe
gold region since the excitement. The fol
lowing is a recapitulation of the number of
vessels and passengers :
For San Fiancisco, in 80 vessels, 4,475
Via the San Juan, in one vessel, 2
Via Vera Ciuz in two vessels, 215
Via the Brazos, in two vessels, 219
Via Chagrcs, in fourteen vessels, 807
Total thus far, in 99 vessels, 5,718
The steamship Palmetto arrived at Galves-
ton on the 7th inst., and brought dates from
New Orleans to the 4th inst.
The California fever still rages to an
alarming extent throughout the Union. New
companies are forming in all the principal
cities, and hundieds of disconsolate wives and
children will be left to mourn the ravages of
this d-vastatiug epidemic.
The report of Mr. Calhoun was adopted by
the Southern Convention, by a vote of 32 yeas
to 10 nays. There is too little unanimity
yet in this Convention. The following are
the nays : Uerrien, Metcalf, Johnson of La.,
Rusk, Houston, Pendleton, Preston, Clingman,
Toombs, Stephens, Ililliard, Morehead,
Cocke, Cabell, Raman and Chapman.
The cotton market at New Orleans was
remaikably languid on the 2d int.; buyers
were discouraged by the European news,
and few sales were made at fairrales. Mid-
dling was qouled at 0 els.
Wc are indebted to the Hon. T. Pilsbury
or important public documents.
CALirouxiA Emigrants. We understand
that a large number of emigrants for Califor-
nia will accompany the U. S. troops that are
to take up the line of March from Fredericks-
burg about the first of March for El Paso.
Several topographical engineers will, it is
said, accompany these troops, to survey the
most eligible route from Fredericksburg to
El Paso. The California emigrants now
congregating at Bexar, those at Victoria,
Austin and Columbus, will probably all be
in readiness to accompany the troops on the
march to the Rio Grande. A number of emi-
grants from Galveston arrived in this city a
few days since on their way to tho West, to
jointhe Great California Caravan that is now
musteiing on our Western frontier. Twenty
or thirty of the citizens of Houston are pre-
paring to accompany the expedition- We
should not be at all surptised if not less than
5000 emigrants from the States east of the Sa
bine should pas?, this year, through this route
to California. The emigrants from New Yoik
and other Eastern cities could lake shipping
for Galveston, and then proceeding directly by
Houston and Fredericksburg, reach San
Diego in sixty or ninety days from the time
they laqd at Galveston.
The steamer Reliance on her last trip to
the Trinity, took down eight hundred bales of
cotton to Galveston.
Ciiagres Route. The passengers of iho
Falcon are writing home the most discour-
aging accounts of their sufferings at Panama.
No steamer had arrived to take them to San
Francisco, and over 400 persons had already
congregated there, waiting lor vessels. Some
of them, wearied with the delay, had conclu-
ded to engage a schooner, and expected to be
seventy or ninety days on the passage from
Panama to California.
Maj. Gen. Gaines assumed the command
of the Western Division of the U. S. Army
on the 26th uit. His headquarters are estab-
lished for the present at lcv Orlea'ns.
Mr. Audubon, Jr., son of the celebrated
Nalinalist, is to head an expedition preparing
in New York for California. He intends to
proceed by St. Louis, Foit Leavenworth,
Santa Fe, Paso del Norle to Chihuahua,
thence to the branch of the Gila where Lieut.
Emory repot Is that gold was found in great
quantities by trappers ; and after exploring the
gold region of the Gila, to proceed to Califor-
nia. He might go through Houston to El
Paso, and shot ten his overland j urney at
least 500 miles, and he could start on this
route in March, while the Santa Fe route will
not be open until May. The rate of passage
and freight from New York to Galveston, we
believe, is scarcely half the rate by the rivers,
canals and railioads from New Yoik to St.
Louis.
Texiait Gooseberries. Wc were inform-,
ed a year or two since that large quantities of
wild gooseberries of a large size and delicious
flavor were found growing spontaneously in
the bottoms of the San Jacinto and Spring
Creek ; but as the efforts made by experien-
ced gardeners to cultivate the domestic goose-
berry in this warm climate had always failed
we were disposed to doubt the correctness o
this information, and supposed some other
plant had been mistaken by our iuform.int for
the gooseberry. A few days since, however,
wc received a letter from our friend, Dr. C.
B. Stewart, of Montgomery, confirming this
statement, and what is better, he has sent us
a number of the plants. They have aheady
put foith leaves, and so closely resemble the
English gooseberry, that there seems to be
scarcely a doubt that this is a variety of the
same plant that is cultivated so extensively in
the northern States. Dr. Stewart informs us
that the plant improves by cultivation, and
it is said the berries attain a larger size.
We shall cultivate these plants with much
care, and shall be rejoiced if this delicious
fruit can be made to flourish in the gat dens of
Southern Texas.
Christ Heading the Sick. Wc saw
this superb painting, for the first time, on Fri-
day evening, and would add our. feeble mite
ot praise lo the countless encomiums that have
been lavished upon it for nearly half a century-
It is unquestionably one of the master pieces
of art, and is interesting, not only as a work of
superior excellence, but as an evidence of"
the wondeiful triumph cfgenlus over the great-
est difficulties. Perhaps some of our readers,
are not aware that the author of this great
work was an American, and that such was.
his love of art in early youth, that even at the-
age of seven years he was accustomed to-,
sketch beautiful pictures merely wilh char-
coal, or a common pencil, and colored them
with vermillion, which he obtained from In-
dians at his native village of Springfield, in
Pennsylvania, aud wilh indigo, which his mo-
ther gave him at the wash tub. His first
brushes were made with hairs taken from a
cat. Yet such was his wonderful talent, that
his works attracted the notice of artists of the
largest cities of the Union, and his friends-
furnished him the means of perfecting his
studies in Italy. He at length settled in Lon-
don and was so prominent for his skill, that
he was elected president of the Roal soci-
ety. The work now in this city was paint-
ed about forty six years ago. The artist
completed two similar pictures, one of which
was sold for three thousand guineas to
the Btilish- Institution, another was paint-
ed for t!:e Quakers of Philadelphia, and
presented to them by this generous ar-
tist to enable them to erect a hospital
intho city. The profits arising from it ena-
bled the society to erect large and commodi-
ous buildings to accommodate tha sick. This
painting has been exhibited in most of the prin-
cipal cities of the Union, and its authenticity,
as an original painting of West, is well estab-
lished. The work requires no eulogy. Th&
beholder is at once struck with wonder and
admiration as he gazes upon a scene that
seems, as it were, to bring back the living
characters that thronged the courts ofthc Ho-
ly Temple, when Christ stood triumphant up-
on mount Zion, dispensing blessings wherev-
er he turned.
Tjif. Uncus. Pittsburg, Jan. 22 8 p. in.
There are 6 feci waler iu the chaunel and falling.
The weather is cold.
Cincinnati Jan. 22, 8 p. m The riverhas fallen
9 feet since Saturday's leport, and is stif I receding rap-
idly. The weather-is very cold.
Louisville, Jan. 23. Since Sunday morning the
river has been falling, and had receded thirty two in-
ches up to last evening at dark. It still continues
at flood height, however,and was falling quite fast last
night.
Nashville, Jan. 20. At Nashville to-day the Cum-
berland is at a stand. The Tonnessee river on tho
19th, was falling.
Our friend of the Hunisville Banner com-
plains in bitter terms of the high charges for
freights on the steamer Reliance, which is
running on the Trinity river. He says that
the cost for conveying cotton from the Trinity
landings to Galveston is 82 50 per bale, and
adds, that it would appear that the owners of
this boat were determined to make hih
charges, to compel the planters to haul their
cotton to Houston. We can assure him that
the citizens of Houston are influenced by no
such foolishly-illiberal motives ; and, if the
charges are higher than the Galveston boats
have previously charged, or higher than the
risk and expense of na'vigating the river will
warrant, they will certainly be reduced. We
have been informed that the cost of transpor-
ting colton on tho Brazos boats from Wash-
ington to the mouth of the Brazos is 82 00
per bale, and the freight from thence to Gal
vcslon is 50 cents mure, so that the prices on
the Brazos steamers and those on the Trinity
are nearly alike. We agree with our friend
of the Banner, that it is better for tho planters
to haul their cotton to Houston on their own.
teams, rather than to pay these prices. The
teams while on the road cost compaialively
nothing, as the cattle feed upon the prairie
grass, and the teamsters carry their own pro-
visions. The planter who has but twenty or
thitty bales of colton, can transpuri it to mar-
ket on his own team without expending fifty
cents a bale in cash, and can take back the
goods and merchandize required in his family
on the same team that conveyed his cotton to
market. It is only those laige planters thai
raise several hundred b lies of cotton, that
aro to lie immediately benefited by the steam-
boats. They can make arrangements, proba-
bly, with the owners .f the boats to convey
their cotton to market ai itdiscoimt of twenty
or thirty per cent, on the ostensible rale.
The small planter U thus compelled to "pay
dearly for his whistle," while his rich neigh-
bor grows richer at his expense. We do not
intend these remarks to apply lo either of
the boats now running on the Brazos or the
Trinity, but, that such has been the result on
the rivers of Alabama, Mississippi and Aikan-
sas, where there has been no competition, is,
we believe, well known, and such may be the
result here. We understand that a large
quantity of the cotton that has recently been
shipped on the -Trinity and Brazos, was not
shipped at the risk of the planters, but of the
merchants of Houston, and the co.t of trans-
portation falls not on the planters, bin on the
merchants. Wo know that in or.e instance,
merchants of this city paid one-half cent
more on the pound for cotton at the landings
ou the Trinity that? the same colton would
sell fur in the Galveston matket ; they also
pay the cost of transportation, and run all
risks of shipment to Galveston. Is it not- ihei:
to the advantage of tho planter lo purchase
his goods in Houston, at prices as low as at
any market in the State, and then deliver ids
cotton at the landings on the Trinity, to be
shipped at the risk and cost of the meichant ;
while, at the same time, the price allowed the
planter is as high as he would ha.ve received
if he had conve-ed it to matket?
We think that the compjaints.ofour friend
of the Banner, in this instance, are made
somewhat at random, and that by fuither in-
vestigation, he will find that the merchants of
Houston, and not the plantets of the Trinity
valley, are the chief sufferers from the high
charges on these steamers, and they will
doubtless, soon remedy the eil, at d thus pro-
mote their own interests as well as tho?e of
the Trinity planters.
A number of negroes were brought to this
city last week, from Galveston, several of
whom were sick with the same disease that
prevailed .here a few weeks since, and which
was styled cholera. We have been informed
by a physician who attended them, that the
physician at Galveston, who was called in lo
see them before they came to IL.uston, de-
clared that the disease was not cholera, and
that there would be no danger in transporting
them to this city. It appears therefore that
the same disease that our Galveston friends
have styled cholera, in Houston, when it is
in Galveston is declared not to be cholera.
We -will say, however, as our friend of the
Civilian said a few weeks since, when a Mr.
Vose went from Houston to Galveston and
died there, that the disease ''resembles the
cholera." Fortunately, however, none of our
citizens have been attacked with the disease,
since this family arrived from Galveston, and
we entertain no fears that any will be attack-
ed by it. Houston is now unusually healthy,
and unless some new cases are imported from
abroad, we expect lo enjoy an almost com-
plete exemption from disease.
The Brazos rose ten or twelve feet last
week, and is still in fine boating condition.
Several of the ferrymen neglected lo secure
the ropes at the ferries on the river, and
the steamers as they passed carried them
away. A gentleman who arrived in town
a few days since, had to go to three ferries
before he could cross owing to the breaking
of tho ropes by the boats.
Our streets are again thronged with teams,
and large quantities of cotton are daily arri-
ving from the country. All fears of the chol-
era have disappeared. The roads are rapidly
drying up, and there is ei'ery prospect that
business will soonjresume its wonted activity.
We were quite surprised a few days since to
see eight or ten teams, from Cummins Creek,
arrive in town loaded with cotton. These
teams crossed the Brazos at San Felipe.
The owner of the cotton was asked why he
did not stop at the Brazos and ship his cotton
on the steamboats to Galveston. He replied
that it cost him comparatively nothing to drive
to Houston, when the roads are passable;
while, on the other hand, if he shipped his
cotton on the steamers, "the toll would come
so near the whole grist," that he would have
little left to pay his store bills.
Mr. Horace Greely is making a terrible
uproar in Congress, about the extra mileage
of the members aud the boundaries of Texas.
He wants to curtail the pay of the Congress-
men and the limits of Texas, and to effect his
object, he whines and barks like a cur with a
sorehead. Several of the members of Con-
gress have given him many severe lashinga,-
but he is as obstinate and persevering as the
dog in the manger. He seems dete, mined to
leave no means untiied to get away the terri-
tory of Texus west of the Nueces, and have
it formed into new free soil States. He
prates a great deal about hone-sty, justice, etc.,
but if he were really influenced by honest or
just motives, it appears to us that he would be
willing to allow Texas to retain all the terri-
tory she claimed bufore annexation, especial-
ly when that territory is pledged to pay her
just debts. Texas has no resource but the
lands in this territory to pay the debts con-
tracted during her revolutionary war. These
debts amount to some ten or twelve millions
of dollars. If .Mr. Greely aud his associates
arc as honest as they pretend to be, they
should make some provision for the payment
of the debts of Texas, before they rob her of
the only resource that she has or will proba-
bly ever have, to liquidate those debts. Tex-
as would doubtless cheerfully relinquish ail
her claim to the territory of Now "Ioico
north of the Missouri compromise line, if the
general government would assume her public
debt. Another new free soil State might then
be adih'd to the Union, without infringing up-
on southern n-'''!".
More California Ejiigraxts. Colonel
Mays, from St. Louis, Missouri, and ten or
twelve emigrants from Galveston, passed
through Houston on Saturday last, on tfieir
way to join the expedition that is to start from
Fredericksburg for California about the first
of March. A party of ten or fifteen other
emigrants from St. Louis, arrived at Galves-
ton on the last steamer, and intend to proceed
by the coast route to Bexar ;' these will also,
probably, join the expedition at Fredericks-
burg. Col. Mays, we believe, is well ac-
quainted with the comparative advantages
and disadvantages of the routes throughMis-.
souri and through Texas to California, and "
he gives the decided preference to the route
through this- State. We should not be sur-
prised it hundred of Missouri emigrants
should be found travelling .by this route to
California this Sping. It is well known
that Mr. Thruaton and othei merchants cf
Santa IV, were so anxious to open a route
through Texas to the Upper Rio Grande set-
tlements, a few years since, that they urged
our Government to fit out the Santa Fe expe-
dition, with a view of turning the Chihuahua
and Santa Fe trade through'Texas,- because
the route ishorter, is open one or two months
earlier, is infested wilh few and weak Indian
tribes, and is intersected with no Iare rivers
like the Aikansas and "iTriargir'trtbutfieT:-
These emigrants from St. Louis, may proceed
immediately to Paso del" Norte, and then by
the Gila route to California, while their late
companions .who are going by the Indepen-
dence and Santa Fe route, will be detained
at least until the 1st of 7:1 ay, before they can
commence their journey. By traveling with
light burdensj and changing their horses and
pack mules at Paso del Norte, they may reach
California in sixty days. These emigrants,
therefore, may actually be d'SES ln lne gld
mines of San Francisco or Los Angelos,
before the emigrants left at St. Louis can
commence their journey. The peach trees
here are in blossom, the irrass is SDrininn-
up fresh upon the prairies, and the Spring
birds are singing merrily, while, according
to the Telegraphic accounts, &c, St. Louis'
cold, chilly winter still chains the fivers with
his icy bands, and covers the prairies; wilh
his snowy mantle.
Another New Paper We were glad
to find, a few days since, among our exchan-'
ges, another new and excellent journal, styl-
ed the Houston Gazette, published by Messrs.
Hay &; Lynch, of tins city, and edited by Col.
S. D. Hay. This paper will bear a favora-
ble comparison wilh the best journals in the
State. It is devoted to the cause of-Temper-ance,
and its gentlemanly and talented edi-
tor will prove an able and efficient co-adjutor
in the great work of moral reform that is now
so prosperous throughout the Union. Col.
Hay while associated with tne present able
editor of the HuntsvilleJBanner, Gen. Hatch,
won golden opinions by the spirited and high
ly interesting articles which emanated from
his pen,; and as he is now wholly under the
influence of the right spirit, we cordially wish
him a long and prosperous career in the path
of usefulness upon which he has just entered.
Regulax Rangers. Lieut. Deas, U. S.
A., was lately seen by some traders scouring
the country between the Rio Grande and the
Nueces, in search of Indians, wilh. four pie-
ces of artillery. We would respectfully ad-
vise this doughty officer to mount each of his
cannons on the back of a mule, as he might then
possibly get them within cannon shot of an
Indian. One of the old settlers in De Witt's
colony tried this expedient, on a scout in tho
Commanche country, about fifteen years ago,
and actually got a chance to fire off his gun.
But unfortunately the cannon kicked the poor
mule heels over head into a neighboring ra-
vine, and the astonished marksman was so
anxious to recover his gun and mule, that he
forgot the Indians, and could never tell wheth-.-er
his gun did most execution forwards or
backwards.
Absurd Rumors. We received by the last
mail, a letter, from a highly intelligent gen-
tleman, residing on the Colorado, evincing a
degree of credulity on the part of the people
in that section, respecting the reports of the
ravages of the cholera in Houston, that we
could scarcely have believed it possible for
our friends in the country to efttertain. Wo
can assure our country readers that all dan-
ger of contracting the cholera ia IIuuston.-h.as
long since passed by. This city is as healthy
and can be visited with as little risk of con-
tracting disease as Austin or the healthiest
town in the State. The idle bugbear stories
that have been circulating in various sections
respecting the health of this city, are unwor-
thy the notice of any sensible man. They
excite only contempt and ridicule here.
Teams are daily arriving Horn the country,
and business is recovering its former activity
TELEGRAPHED TO THE NEW ORLEANS
PICAYUNE.
Farther Accounts by the Canafla.
Bltijiore, Wednesday, Jan. 31 11 a. ir-
The Euglish papers have been received, but they
contain little additional news.
The California fevor is ragiug to a great extent in
London and Liverpool. A number of vessels were
preparing to sad for California?
The steamer Washington sailed from Southampton
on the 9th inst., and a tremendous gale occurring im-
mediately after, fears were eutertained at Liverpool
of her s-afety She has not yet arrived at .New York.
Instead of the Washington, we have no doubt that
the United States was intended. She was to leave
Havre on tho 8th of January, and touch at Southamp-
ton. Tho Washington arrived at New York' on the
9th of January.
The quotations of cotton by telegraph and those in
the papers disagree. The ofiicial quotations arc fair
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Moore, Francis, Jr. Democratic Telegraph and Texas Register (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 7, Ed. 1, Thursday, February 15, 1849, newspaper, February 15, 1849; Houston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth48531/m1/2/?q=Lamar+University: accessed June 7, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.