Texas State Gazette. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 1, Ed. 1, Saturday, August 26, 1854 Page: 4 of 8
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TEXAS STATE GAZETTE.
AUGUST 26
THE TEXAS STATE GAZETTE.
Edited tY JOMKJH PIAnSIIA.Ii and W. S. OMMAlTS.
OUT OF AUSTIN SATURDAY AUGUST 20 1854.
r We ro Indebted to the kindness of friend In the Interior for many of our election
returns. Tlie list will be completed speedily Mlho return nro received.
To RiroMnro Orncins. In jnntdnjr out returns of elections to the Secretary of flute great
rare should be taken to write legibly and togrvo the full surname of candidates. reral com.
missions will hare to be withheld nodoubt for some time on this account.
t37" Wo nro Indebted to Messrs. Slldcll Douglass Singleton Bell Hourton and Brown for
copies of speeches.
XST We haro been compelled to omit much matter this week for want of room.
C0H6dero Hollies anil European Interference.
Wo mriy as well lake the stand now as at any other time in main
taining the doctrine of non-interference by European powers in the
affairs of the American continent. This reflection forces itself upon
us aftc'r a (ull consideration of all the published documents referring
to the destruction of Sau Juan by commodore Hollins. It is there
quite manifest that we owe the whole of this difficulty to the politi-
cal interference of Great Britain in the affairs of the State of Nicar-
augua. A history of the afTair may be briefly stated for a proper
understanding of the subject.
Sau Juan it may be seen by tho map is situated near the mouth
of the San Juan River in Central America. Since the discovery of
the gold regions of California it has been a place of debarkation for a
large amount of American travel and merchandise. The State of Nica-
raugua claims this pott as a portion of her territory and would undoubt-
edly have enTorced her claim but for the interference of Great Britain
who sustained the adverse claim of the chief of the Mosquitoes. This
chief's country lies adjacent to Nicaraugna and here foflnany yearSj
Great Britain has had a fot-hold and enjoyed the exclusive monopoly
of cutting logwood alid mahogany. Our country became wellsatisfil
ed that San Juan was rightfully (ho property of Nicaraugua and that
tlie pretentions of tho Mosquito chief were fraudulent and only insist.
ed upon through fhe instrumentality of Great Britain. We found
her contrary to all her past policy and with the evident purpose of
aggrandisement acknowledging the power of a barbarian chief and
dubbing the unbreeched savage with the ridiculous title of King of
the Mnsquitoes. During the whole period since the opening of the
California trade have our citizens been subjected to annoyance
arid robbery by a motley population of negroes discharged penitentiary
convicts and refugees from justice who have obtained shelter in. this
toynof San Juan Until recently tho Mayor was an Englishman-
and though out of office when the late difficulties occurred he was.
duy consulted in regard to them. A British vessel of war has been
always stationed near the town and on one occasion fired a gun over
an American vessel which had refused to acknowledge the authority
of' the 'inhabitants '
A an early day our government refused to acknowledge this au-
thority and protested against British interference. Insteadpfovvever
of terminating the matter at once by decisive blow agSinst this
nest of pirate's resort was had to treaty with Great Britain -and the
miserable abortion of the Clayton and Bulvver treaty was concocted
vhichj white denytug interference oh th&part of Great Britain strip-
ped ourselves of the same right. Neither party was to make use of
any protectorate or alliance to or with any state or people for the
purpose of occupying fortifying colonizing or of assuming or exer-
cising dominion over the citizens of San Juan. This treaty has since
been twisted and turned by Great Britain to mean any and every
thing she desired. A treaty for such purposes never should have
been made with any European power. It destroys the object
sought to be obtained. Non-interference by Europe ought to
place no stumbling block in our intercourse with the various
powers on. the American continent. We claim it as our right.1
What has the treaty policy effected ? Previous to the recent diffi-
culties and in consequence of the mongrel banditti of San Juan 'en.
joying; under British patronage a full immunity to plunder and'
steal. from Americans the American transit company found it abso
lutejy necessary for'better protection to remove their depot to the
south side of the river and it was while in the exercise of his duty
that one of their officers Capt. Smith of the steamer Eouth found it
necccssary to shoot down a native boatman. Though admitted that
the act was committed in the State of Nicaraugua and not in the dis-
puted territory a band of negroes headed by a negro Marshal issued
out of San Juan and attempted forcibly to obtain posession of Capt
Smith. Fortunately at this juncture Mr. Borland U. S. Minister
to Central America was here on his return to the United States.
He -interfered declaring that his government did not recognize the
minority of San Juan to determine any question involving the person
or property of any of our citizens; and but for this interference which
was backed by a rifle there is very little doubt that the man would
have been murdered. In rescuing Capt. Smith Mr. Borland placed
his oWn life in jeopardy and he was afterwards set upon by a mob
hSSjle'd by the negro Marshal who when asked if ho was not aware
df'Mr. Borland's exemption from arrest replied that lie cared noth-
ingor it. Mr. B. was struck in the face by a piece of a glass bot-
tle thrown at hira by one of the mob and suffered duress for a number
of boars. It was thU insult and the fact that the'authorities of San
SsmhsA voluuteersd to protect'the plunderers of American property
ilsue late Instructions were given to Commodore Hollins which
ettded ri m destruction of the town.
TbeeiMmctions were to demand an apology for the insult of an
American pn'mer tmd indemnity for Btolen goods the property of
American citizen We find tho secretary of the navy very properly
stating to Commodore HoUius that these people should bo tniHit
that the United States will not tolerate these outrage and that they
have the power ana the determination to check them." On thH nrri
v&Tof the Comraoaore. rwlth our Commercial agent exhausted
every peaceful means tMain o settlement of the difficult; but to
us there seems to have'bjen on the part of the poopleor San Juau
ana tho British agents tif reconcented determination toffot.cfur au-
thority at'titter defiance. Cnpt. Jolly of the British ehp war in a
y-;l
note to tho Commodore regretted that the force under his command
vvasuot sufficient to enable him to protect the town. The latter gallant-
ly replied that he only wished that Capt. Jolly had a force doubly equal
to the Cyanc. Tho Commodore had proclamations put up around
the town giving tho people twenty-four hours for final deliberation
and appointing the hour of nine o'clock the next day for the execu-
tion of his ultimatum should his demands he still refused. Acting
with the example of Capt. Jolly who declined the aid tendered by
Commodore Hollins to remove any property or persons of Great Bri-
tain the inhabitants doggedly persisted in treating our demands with
contempt. There was no alternative left but to carry out to the letter
our threats of retaliation or pusilammously to retire like vaunting
braggarts. After affording ample facilities to all foreigners to save
themselves the Cyane's butteries were opened and the work of
demolition nnmmminpil ciflrnl intervals Were nivetl with the
. .
hope that tie people would be brought to their senses and the
destruction of the town was not completed until four in the evening.
We havo delayed an expression of our sentiments until we could
deliberately peruse the whole documentary evedence in this case.-
Having done so we have but bne opinion to express. Commodore Hol-
lins clearly and faithfully carried out his instructions and taking it for
granted that the statements of the insult and plunder committed by
the people of San Juaiij are true as set forth by the published docu-
ments the President was fully justified in ordering the instructions to
be given. And we reiterat?. that so far as any offense may be given to
Great Britain we may as well take the stand now as at any other
time in maintaining the position that no European government shall
interfere with the affairs of the American Continent. In this view
the destruction of tins nest of pirates and outlaws under the wardship
of Great Britain sustains one of the most vital principles of national
policy in our intercourse with the world; one upon which depends
the future extension of our influence and political institutions over
the whole continent. We only regret that it had ever been made the
subject of treaty with Great Britain.
Congress and the Texas Debt.
In our paper of the fifth inst. we published tho Report of Mr.
Bright chairman of the Finance Committee to the U. S. Senate
together with the Bill to provide for the payment of certain creditors
iditoi
P.
Advanco in dotton.-Spain. Russia.
Trio Moll Stcnmor Arabia arrived nt Now York on tho 0th inst. bringing date
fiom Liverpool to the 29tli July.
Tfc nro glad to learn that cotton has advanced in the Livorpnol market. Fair
Ollcun.i quotes. 6 l-2d nnd Jlfobilo Gjd.
Jlgdrld is completely in thu hand of Espartoro tho avowed cnomy of Cuban
iiiriojjtfndcncc. All tho palaces of tho Into ministers us well as Queoti Christina
hnwlKpii demolished by tho people. On tho '28th of July Epartoro arrived tit
ATudml and proceeded nt once to the palaco. It id rumoied that he has proposed
n schemufiif policy to the Queen.
ThoBs from tho seut of wur is very brief. Tho London Times says thnt it is
evidcnK Cznr will not nbulo his prclonsions. His reply to Austria's final sum-
mons JVnot yet been published but it U known to bo hnughly and unfuvolublo.
Tho fljfftrinn Government snys in tho mennlimo in gmiorul terms thnt Austria will
not dlmppoint tho hopes of Europe
Pjfis.iu shows daily less and less npponrnnco of siding with tho JFostcrn Pow-
ers JpJliechlenborg was tho only Stnto of ths German Bund not voting unanimously
lOBopi mo iiiisiiu-i imssiuii uiuuncc.
Our Table.
DeBow's Review for August 1854 is upon our table. The present number
nins the high character of ihis favorite Journal of the South. The article
he progress of the Republic" is ably written and presents to the reader
e g'gantic strides of our Republic that is truly astounding. "The
and land sysiem of the United States" are treated in a masterly
Hon. John Perkins M. C. from Louisiana
TiiE'fllfT.MiNisTKR. Review No. exxi July 1854. Republication: hir T.n
ard Scolt & Co. 79 Fulton street entrance 54 Gold stre.t New York. Con-
tents: 1. "Cardinal Woolsey ;" 2- "The Beard:" 3. "The Civil SPrvfn.
' . - "'""i
rarotly )" o. "The Kusso-European Embroilnvnt ;" 6. " Wyclifie and his
figst
tpjaui
msm
style.'Bft
4.
of Texas. Lest it might be infered from our silence that we favBKhe
passage of the bill in its present shape we will briefly give our views
in regard to.it.
At an early period after annexation the Legislature adopted the
mode for ascertaining her public debt known as the " scaling system.'
Believing that the system was founded iti justice and provided for
the full payment of all that the State owed according to strict
equity with but few cases of individual hardship the Legislature
and the people with a degree of unanimity unknown upon most
questions have adhered to the present time to that basis of adjustment
and have shown no disposition to depart from it. The report of the
Senate CommUtee assumes that this basis of adjustment is unjust
and the bill reported by them is framed in reference to that supposed
injustice. ; '
Self respect on the part of Texas fflraldlrepel this intermeddling
with her aflairs.andcaJHgJn.gtstion trje justice of-her conduct by'
the United States. The debt is the debt of Texas. She alone has
the right to settle and adjust it and has never transfered that rMit to
the United States Government. This act calling in question the
justice of the basis of the settlement of the debt of Texas is an im
putation upon her honesty and integrity and a flagrant violation of
her sovereignty.
If Texas were to accede to such a proposition as that contained in
the Senate report andbill she would thereby acknowledge her pas.
conduct and action td have been dishonest and corrupt and for the
bribe contained in the bill to be paid to her creditors of two millions
of dollars- shdjmild 'affix an indelible brand of disgrace upon her
escutcheon. She has declared how much she owes and has denied
that she owes beyond-that sum. By accepting such a proposition
she would virtually acknowledge that she has heretofore acted dis-
honestly but when she can shift the burtheu of payment to the
shoulders of the United States she is willing to acknowledge the
justice of the demand upon her.
If the United States see proper to yield to the incessant clamor of
the creditors of Texas and pay their claims let her do so but not up
on the pretext that Texas owes ftiem what they claim. Texas owes
it to herself to rejectkvery proposition for the payment of her debt
which calls in question the justice of her basis for the settlement of
that debt and consequently casts imputations upon tho action of her
legislature and neonle:
Again any bill o bdpcreptable to the people of Texas should pro-
vide for releases to her as well as to the United States by her credi-
tors. A settlement once made must be final. We wish never to
hear of the Texas debt thereafter. 'We wish no importuuites for the
payment of the additional three millions after the payment of the
eight and a half millions. -
We again say if Congress will yieldao the clamor of the creditors
of Texas and pass a bill for the payment of the amount claimed by
them let them do so but they have no right to sit in judgement be-
tween tho State nnd her creditors' and pass sentence upon her and
award execution.
. Texas is a sovereign State and as such was admitted into the
Union as the co-equal of her sisters. She is not in a State of pupilage
and under guardianship. She has never conceded to" the United
Slates the right to settle and adjust the controversies between herself
and her creditors.
Leon CounTV.We'nre glad to see by tho Pioneer that thi coun-
ty is rapidly progressing in 'population and wealth. Slaves have in
creased to seventeen per cent und papulation twenty-seven per cent
during the past year. The valuation of property for thjs year is esti-
mated at about one million four hundred thousand dollars The
advice of the Pioneer to the county to get out of debt is well timed.
Nothing retards improvement more than thu embarrassments result-
ing fronydebi.
Lives;" 7. "Comte's Positive Philosophy" 8. The fact and principle of Chris-
tianity" 9. "Conlemorary Literature.'' Many of the articles are of deep interest.
Texas Monument. We have just received the Monument of the 5th inst. by
which we see that the Hon. A. It. Gates n gentleman of fine talents has taken
charge of that paper. It will no doubt become under his charge u useful me-
dium of information to the people.
Idf-The Nacogdoches Chronicle oC the 15th inst. is the first we havo received
of this excellent journal for a. month or more past
Vickslmrg and Texas Railroad.
Wo have received full accounts of tho grand celebration of breaking o-round
upon this road opposite Vicksburg on the Sth Inst. There were present be-
twetn tlirfifi nnd fnnr tltnnsnnrl nnrinni Amnnn tlm n.n...1 i.i .
" i" " "" viuwu ui puuiic cnarac-
tcrs who were in attendance we notice tho names of Gov. J. J. McRao Hon
resident oi tno jtonu r. H. Marshall President of tho
on tho Mississippi side of the river and running to tho
m. C. bharkey and C. R. Clifton Col. A. H. Arthur
nj. J. Knach ad J. b. Byrno of MisMssippi : Judss
. S. Purham and A. R. Hynes.of Louisiana. Gov
man and Mr. Byrno were nmongmgpeakers. In tho
W.i
Nicholas Cole
same route of n
Alabama line;
Rev. C. K. Mi
Bry Col. S. W.
McRao Presideg
tWc
ceremony tho l'rcsidfint said : "This day in the.presenco'Sia large
bly I raise tho first i?padefu.ll of earth on the first link of SQoJiiile'jjS
m .iosiaitji uru hi iiiu y icui JTUU1UU IXUIITUUU. ' 1110 IHlOllC d
3m
f.
innej Bet
out in the woods was sufficient to accommodate tho immense crowd' and
tnree thousand feet of tables werdlcovored with every delicacy of the country
and season. Arbors for dancing were rilled with ladies and gentlemen who
wore enlivened with the music of a largo band of players. Tho day was; one
of great interest and mere was manifested a general enthusiasm for tho.success
of this lino of route through Louisiana and Texas to tho Pacific. Wo hope
inn few years to see tho last;rail laid which shall connect Texas with the Mis-
sissippi river. Gov. McRaeand Cbl. Coleman desorvo great credit for their
zealous devotion to the prosecution of this line of national highway to tho
ractne.
NonTnxnwjNpiANs. North of Grayson county and Red River county in
Texas' are iwolhriving Indian settlements Fort Washita and Doaksvllle. We
are pleased to find that the C.addoes a tribe of Indians with whom we formerly
had difficulties are now prosecuting the arts of peace. and have a village about
twenty miles from Fort Washita. Cattle and ho'rfes are being raised in abun-
dance corn cultivated and all the necessaries of life provided as for as possi-
ble. We have high hopes of the Indian when seeking to improve his social
condition. At several literary institutions in the United States Indian have
graduated with honor. We may mention the last commencement of the uni-
versity at Danville Kentucky where an Indian dtlivered-the Latin oration and
another Indian an oration in.English. Th"? latter was from Apucksh'unubbee
in.the Cherokee Nation. A lull-blooded Choctaw lately graduated with distinc-
tion at Union College in New York and is now pursuing theological studies in
the New York University. With the influence of such a class of Indians upon
our northern frontier we may well look forward not only to peace and prosper-
ity among white settlers but to a means of defence that is far more reliable and
much more economical than powder nnd shot and a standing army.
The License for Liquor Selling. We announce with much satisfaction
that two bars for the drinking of liquors in Austin have closed since the late
election. The vole showed a decidedpopular demonstration against licensing
dr inking establishments; and we see that the people throughout the State with
very few exceptions have taken the same stand In Bexar county where San
Antonio is situated the vote against the issue of license was we learn almost
nine-tenths of the whole vote polled' It is evident that if the law is not so en-
forced ab to put down the public drinking of liquors in cofiee houses that it is
not owing to the want of opposition to them among the voting population and
the evil will certainly be remedied by further legislation if there shall be any
attempt to evade the law with impunity. But we hope that a due regard will be
paid to pnblicsentiment and the law carried out to the extent intended by it.i fra-
mers. We wish to see the drinking of liquor prohibited by the separate juris-
diction of towns cities and counties. In this way the law will be made efficient
in its remedial effects.'
Messages. On iho 1st inst. tho President sent a message to Congress in re-
ply to a .resolution of enquiry whether unything has occurred in connection
with our Spanish relations sinco tho message of tho 15th of March which
renders the provisional measures then suggested necessary? He says that
Spain has justified the local authorities of Cuba and thus transferred the res-
ponsibility of their acts to tho Spanish government. This should bo considered
tantamount to hostilities on tho part of Spain. On the 4th tho President re-
turned the River and Harbor Bill with a message withholding his approval.
Ho says that ho will consider it incumbent upon him to present his views to
Congress at its next session as to what appropriations for internal improve-
ments tho real interests of the United Statos require nnd tho constitution will '
admit nnd sanction in case no sHbstitute for this bill should be devised recon-
ciling differences both of constitutionality and oxpedieney.
Dp- Wm. P. CoNVEnsu of New Orleans a man of high standing in the busi-
ness community has been appointed President of the Board of Commissioners of
the Brownsville and Riq Grande Railroad company. Books of subscription are
now opened at New Orleans and Brownsville. Mr. Converse thinks that with
$100000 good subscriptions a contract can be made for building nn.l finishing
complete the road with depots water stations rolling stock etc payable out of
the subscriptions and by bonds of the company secured by a mortgage of the
road with all its rights donations and appurtenances T his wi 11 of coursa in-
clude the land donated by the Slate.
Yellow Fever. At last accounts yellow fever was abating at Gulvoston. In
NewOrle uns wo think it will bo an epidemic.
y
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Oldham, W. S. & Marshall, John. Texas State Gazette. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 1, Ed. 1, Saturday, August 26, 1854, newspaper, August 26, 1854; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth81149/m1/4/?q=Lamar+University: accessed June 9, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.