Course 2, Volume 1A. American Foreign Policy in Growth and Action Page: 101
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THE UNITED STATES IN A NEW WORLD ORGANIZATION
study by all. Since in its entirety it would fill many
printed pages, only a few pertinent excerpts are
included here.
THE CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS
ORGANIZATION, SAN FRANCISCO, JUNE 26,
1945: ...
, Article 1. The Purposes of the United Nations are:
. . . To maintain international peace
Purposes and security . . . to take effective col-
of the lective measures for the prevention and
removal of threats to the peace, and for
United Nations the suppression of acts of aggression or
Organization other breaches of the peace, and to bring
about by peaceful means . . . adjust-
ment or settlement of international disputes or situa-
tions which might lead to a breach of the peace. . . .
To develop friendly relations among nations based on
respect for the principle of equal rights and self-
determination of peoples. . . . To achieve interna-
tional cooperation in solving international problems
of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian
character, and in promoting and encouraging respect
for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for
all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or
religion. . . . To be a center for harmonizing the
actions of nations in the attainment of these
common ends.
Article 2. The Organization and its Members . . .
shall act in accordance with the following principles.
The Organization is based on the principle of
the sovereign equality of all its Mem-
The peaceful bers. . . . All Members shall settle their
settlement of international disputes by peaceful
.e tn means. . . . All Members shall refrain
international . . . from the threat or use of force
disputes against the territorial integrity or politi-
cal independence of any state. . . . All
Members shall give the United Nations every assist-
ance in any action it takes in accordance with the
present Charter, and shall refrain from giving assist-
ance to any state against which the United Nations
is taking preventive or enforcement action. . . -
Nothing contained in the present Charter shall
authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters
which are essentially within the domestic jurisdic-
tion of any state or shall require the Members to
submit such matters to settlement. . . .
Article 11. The General Assembly . . . may discuss
any questions relating to the mainte-
The General nance of international peace and secur-
ity brought before it by any Member . . .
or by the Security Council, or by a state
which is not a Member . . . and may
make recommendations. . . . The General Assembly
may call the attention of the Security Council to
situations which are likely to endanger international
peace and security....Article 27. . . Each member of the Security Council
shall have one vote . . . Decisions of
Security the Security Council on procedural mat-
ters shall be made by the affirmative vote
of seven members. . . . Decisions . . . on
all other matters shall be made by an
affirmative vote of seven members including the con-
curring votes of the permanent members; provided
that . . . a party to a dispute shall abstain from
voting.
Article 34. The Security Council may investigate any
dispute, or any situation which might lead to inter-
national friction or give rise to a dispute....
Article 39. The Security Council shall determine the
existence of any threat to the peace, breach of peace,
or act of aggression and shall make
International recommendations, or decide what meas-
armed forces ures shall be taken . . . to maintain or
for the restore international peace and security.
o tArticle 43. All members of the United
Security Nations . . . undertake to make avail-
Council able to the Security Council, on its call
armed forces, assistance, and facili-
ties . . . necessary for the purpose of maintaining
international peace and security.
Article 52. . . . Nothing in the present Charter pre-
cludes the existence of regional arrangements or
agencies for dealing with such matters
Regional relating to the maintenance of interna-
tional peace and security as are appro-
arrangements priate for regional action. . . .
Article 94. Each Member of the United
Nations undertakes to comply with the decision of the
International Court of Justice in any case to which
it is a party.
Article 110, Section 3, of the Charter provided
that the document should come into force upon
its ratification by the Big Five and
The by a majority of the other signa-
United States tories-each ratification to be
ratifies the accomplished by the respective con-
UN Charter stitutional processes of the individ-
ual nations. The United States
Senate received the Charter from President Tru-
man on July 2, 1945. After a series of hearings,
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee reported
in favor of ratification without reservation or
amendment on July 13th. Debate on the proposal
began on July 23rd and five days later the Senate
voted ratification by a margin of 89 to 2. Formal
ratification was completed by President Truman's
signature on August 8, 1945. The United States
was the first nation of the fifty which signed the
San Francisco document to accomplish final
ratification.101
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Air University (U.S.). Extension Course Institute. Course 2, Volume 1A. American Foreign Policy in Growth and Action, book, April 1959; Alabama. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1077937/m1/115/?q=%22~1%22~1&rotate=180: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting National WASP WWII Museum.