The Brownwood Bulletin (Brownwood, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 259, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 17, 1939 Page: 11 of 14
fourteen pages : ill. ; page 26 x 21 in. Digitized from 35 mm. microfilm.View a full description of this newspaper.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
FARM AND I
| RANGE EDITION J
PAGE ONE
(Elje Urnumuraad tHttlU'tin
BROWNWOOD, TEXAS, THURSDAY, AUGUST 17, 1939
fast to the mile, supplied with atf
irrigation bead of ample slse.
This method is used also on heavy
soils, Where It li necessary to hold
the water on the surface until it hay
percolated to the desired depth.
In California not only does the
form of the checks vary, but their
VOL. XXXIX NO. 259 °> <*•
IRRIGATION PRACTICES
IN GROWING ALFALA
ll fore the first crop is harvested. The disk and then harrowed. j checks in the head ditch to raise the
bed of each strip is leveled cross- As noted, the slse of strip and the water level to such height that
wise and slopes regularly from top to "»*«■ w**™d into It are
than one-half acre
in area, while some of the larger
in surrounding nearly level plots mon a ^
of ground with low levees, and con
V. S. Department of Agriculture Farmers' Bulletin No. 1630.
bottom In preparing the surface of or torn governed by the char-
this field the barley stubble was ***** °* ^ 111 ,oUti*
burned • then the soil was disked *P*cing of borders varies from X) to
and roughly graded. The location 50 t**t to width and from 300 to ever, untreated lumber Is short llv-
of each border Was marked out ** J® length with a fairly ^ tor permanent structures
either by drag or by making a fur- **** head- so as to wet the surface concrete is more economical al-
a sufficient volume will flow ducting water to each by means of
through the border gates. Border * ditch and check bo* or gate. The
gates may be made of wood. How- 8PGC” inclo8eC may be laid out to
i Continued Next Week)
* p 1 1 row. OU1I1AKUS comma su svtus i . ' ’M ___. _ ’ _ A
. Continued from last week) ditches are head gates or turnouts, is taken from the head ditch ex- border was obtained by skimming ",y deep ptfcoiauon. to reten-
straight lines to both directions, so
that their levee borders form a aer-
ies of rectangles; or the levees may
_m ___ ^ _ _________________ follow more or leas closely the con-
Sufficient earth to form the ™pl^ly brfore water is wasted the first cost may be great- tour lints of the natural surface of
er.
measuring devices, division boxes, tending across the upper edge of the kht surface with scrapers.
thf^ro«I?X^!T\iw flumes- P1^- and check field and is controSd* b7*in"out- •craPcr t**mM 40
listed. croo« >n/i Tk** may be built of wood, concrete let *»* „ ttoJ£ sate althouah bead ditch and worked down They
the ground, thus forming contour
The Check Method j checks. The most favorable con-
The essential provisions for irrlga- dltlons are a light, sandy soil on s
cussed, crops and profits Influence , mmy ^ °\wooa concrete let box or border gate, although _- ^ . .. .... ..
theodiaptog af the Sation lilrout *t®* ,or comblnilions of these ^ ***» ^ sometimes omitted «■■■* fle^ *!
slncJ s valuable erwTfuiHinn ht.h mat*r1*14- to save to first cast of preparing for right angles to the
The ! Uve day soils /which absorb water
slowly, longer runs are necessary.____________________________ _#___
and a small quantity of water is by the check method consist comparatively even slope of 3 to 15
allowed to run for a longer tune.
sssrszisis!!* sr isw-i™
crop yielding low returns Hence it pIow or Mster U often used, follow- inf. Check gates, canvas dams, or of **** bord«s *V
1* not feasible” to adopt orve sUn- ed by • Mna11 V-shaped crowder metal tappoons are used to hold 1?ad* but.
dard plan of layout t£ms *nd mon or ***** ****** by up the water to the bead ditch. J?y k£2£i Li!P
unle« condltSL m ££S*2SS shovel&- » to flow into the strips. ****£ ™ tSh^St'
uniform As a rule each plAn is -■— - k. in mm* a*rtiAns »k«ss lamiwraw was wnen icvncu wiwj au *v
adopted to design and construction
*erv* beat the needs of the farm
for which it is intended.
Farm Ditches
Water is dlsuiouted over an ir-
rigated farm during the crop-grow-
tog season by means of ditches,
flumes, or pipes The ditches are
Medium sized , ditches may be In many sections these temporary ... .«
made by wing plows or graders, makeshifts are giving way "to per- curacy of 0.1 or 0.2 foot
and the large ditches by a wheeled manent structures, although the 1st
scraper.
Sometimes, to heavy soils, low cross
dikes are formed from aids to side
between borders. 100 feet or more ;
apart, to pool the water and thus
cause deeper moisture penetration
Usually the only structures re-
quired are border gates to control
the water entering each strip, and
Dbg, ft
PEABODY, Mass. (UP)—Mrs.
Anna Boy's il-year-old police dog
Rex has last the penetrating bark
which once saved a family from
perishing to a night fire. But what
apparently worries the canine hero
more is the loss of his teeth, neces-
sitating a semi-solid diet.
The cleaning of ditches Is gen
«- conftrwd
„ ___. ________rdiMch10,^ a^a.gy^iag
of two general kinds— temporary the undercut banks need shaping, f^tlona is used extensively to Arl-
and permanent. Temporary ditch- and to a ditch which slits, the de- zona' Mexico. California, and,
es are formed to cultivated fields posits require removal. This may be J® • extent, to Idaho, Utha.
and last only a season, or less, after done by hand shoveling or by any Montana, and other Rocky Moun-
whlch they are leveled down and of the methods used to the original ^States. It is betog adopted s un-
filled to by plow and cultivator to construction. cessfully also to Oregon and Wash -
Preparation for another crop Per- * Methods of irrigating Alfalfa togton. It can be used best under
manent ditches are located usually The methods of applying water to canaU which deliver water to users
along the margin of fields and are alfalfa differ widely because of the ln lar*e »treams. since the smallest
°P*r***d from year to year until diversity of climates, soils and aub- bead Uiat can be applied success-
modified by a change to the farm soils, ground-surface reliefs, the fldly eeidom less than 2 or 3
layout. To this latter class be- nature of water supplies, the size of ruble feet per second, while heads
longs in supply ditch which con- farms, the funds Available for prc-(^ ^ to ® cubic feet per second are
veys water from the canal, stream, paring the land for water, the prto- common It is adapted especially to
The levees
when first built were rough, irregu-
ter to many cases Interfere with ^ and steep. They were cut doom
cleaning the ditches and increase 10 uu^0™1 jrade by a reversible
I
Labor Day Excursion
New York World's
i -
1
1
\
i
Why pay more later
for needed gas heating equipment?
or other source of supply to the: clpal crops grown, and the early °P*n 80111 ■ bito which water
highest point of the farm. training and environment of Irrlga- percolates rapidly, as the use of
Special 15-Day Tour
The flow of water to farm ditches tors. The moat common methods a lar*® stream confined between
should not be rapid enough to cause are the border method, the check borders makes it poslbie to force
erosion, or sluggish enough to oec •; method, flooding from field later- wat*r over the surface without great
easltate extra expense in providing all. and the corrugation method. l0“ by percolation.
large channels Ordinary firm
loam 'Will not erode under a mean
velocity of 2H feet per second, and
for convenience to handling, this U
about as fast as water should move irrigation method
to such channels. Some materials The Border Method
Sr^lra ^m^^thST prlj> CaUf .Ji|
portable-pipe* method and the sub- "lde by 900 feet long, but in re-
cent years the widths have been
reduced to 35 and 40 feet and the
erode under slower velocities. Fllne I The border method consists es- lengths to about 600 feet. Each bord-
sand without any colloidal material aentially of the division of a field er levee has a base 7 feet wide and
to bind its particles is likely to erode or tract into long, narrow strips 15 12 inches high, when newly made, j
ln velocities of 1% feet or less per OT i*nds by iow. flat levees, which but settles to about 10 inches be-
seotebd. sandy loam at 1% feet, and extend to the direction of the steep-j
flnr toam ana silt at 2 feet per est slope, if this is not so great as,
LmtIm Dallas and Fort Worth. As-
sart SO, vlaKlna Waakfaurtoa. Now
York. Buffalo. Nlasara rails. Quo*Ba-
ton. Dotrott and St. Loo to. Wo aao
■orb famous hotels aa tho MAY-
FLOWER la Washlartoa; WOOD-
STOCK la Now York ala alcbts; BUF-
FALO la Buffalo; flnoat cabin D. A C.
Sinner botwooa Buffalo and Detroit
for It-boor owalai. ni*ht aad mon
hi cruiM with da nr in« and dock
.port*; BOOK-CADILLAC la Detroit;
MORRISON la Chicaam No toor to
tho world's fair rl«aa each fine hotel*
and rou fori proud to ho to a Frud
Haskett Tour and |iuU of aoeh hotel
These may be dog
days for tome but
they’re Do days
with Gamer-A1 via
second. | to cause washing of the soil or dif-
The grade of ditches regulates the nculty to spreading water, and con-j
flow, but the proper grade to adept fine the water in to single strips.
tojT'.y given case depends also on The bed of each strip is carefully
tfhRvolume of water carried The graded to a uniform slope except
smaller the volume, the higher is at the upper end. which is level'
the grade required for a given vel- for a distance equal to the width of
ocity To illustrate A ditch de- the strip- II the contour of the
signed to carry 1.35 second feet natural surface is such that a uni-
wlth a mean velocity of 2 Teet per form &iope can not be qptained
second should have a grade of about
1 foot to 109 feet, or 1 per cent a
ditch carrying 5 second feet with
the same mean velocity requires a
grade of about 038 per cent; and a
without much grading, a curved
gradient is not objectionable, pro-
vided it increases from top to bot-
tom qf the strip. According to Beck-!
ett and Brown, of the University of
ditch carrying 10 second feet at a California, the size of the strip
_ alifodnia.
mean velocity of 2 feet per second depends mainly on the head of Water
requires a grade of 0.22 per cent used in flooding it and the type of
The capacity of the supply ditch *>1] For heads varying from 1 to 8
and other permanent ditches de- second-feet and for the three main
pends on the method to be adopted grades of soils, namely, sands, loams
in moistening the soti and also on clays. they recommend the dl-
the character of the water supply mansions given in Table 1. They
and the regulations governing it-s ajso recommend as the most desir-
delivery to users. If furrows are atie grades for strips when meas-
ts be used mainly to wet the soil. ^ ^ inches per 100 feet: 1% to
a relatively small quantity of 34 ijjches for clay soils. 21. to 7
water or “head/’ varying from 1 u> inches for loam soils, and 34 to 12
24 second-feet, is required. Flood- inches for sandy soils. In all types of
tog from field laterals requires heads but especially in sandy soils,
of from 14 to 3 second-feet, while the top 20 to 30 feet of each strip
borders and checks require from 3 should be formed without grade so
to 10 second feet and more, depend- ^ ^ permit the water to spread
inf chiefly on the size of the border entirely across the strip before mov-
er check. ing down the slope.
Borne of the structures which con- The water to irrigate each strip
■titute a necessary part of farm
We include tw motor toon in Weth-
mgton, vnttrng M/. Vernon, Arlington
end Tomb of Unknown Sul deer; dm
Cspeiol nd other government hnddmgt.
flinty to tee m New York *gi two
fete ticketl fret.
Beavers never worked
herder then we did yea-
terdey. We're holding
down two jobs, .the Erst
to get rid of ell summer
apparel et any coet...the
next, to unpeck herd-to-
ll ft shipments of Fell
clothing, hets end shirts.
to Canada wa site tla lotr that li a
Ftad Haskett SpecwJ. W h between
eight aad atoa boar* motor*)i to the
fail* aad thence northward along the
Niagara River to Qaaraatea aad Brack’*
Mon u men t. No other ton- tael ode* thi*
much ' motor-lag ia Canada a* w* re-
quire five to tlx hoars more time to
de ear agocial tear, la DotroK wo
I spend ib boon at th Rdtooa Inet beta
aad Greenfield Village with vWt to
Belle laic.
See? No metter if you
are just going into s va-
cation or coming out of
t h e e n esthetic, we’re
reedy with whet the
doctor ordered.
•si rhe Republic P.cfu
"I* Old j
Tsble 1.—Border strip dimensions for three grades of soil
Sand
Loam
Clay
•%. Head
Width
5
I
Width '
‘
1
5
I
Length
4m second-feet | Feet | Feet | Feet j Feet | Feet I Feet
If...:.......... 20 to 30 200 to 300 30 300 to 400 30 440 to 660
1 to 2 ........ 30 to40 300 to 400 30 to40440to 660 30 tc 401 660
2 to 4 ____..... .30 to 40 440 40 440 to 660 > 50 660 to 800
4 to 8............| 40 440 to600 60 660 to880 »50 880to 1.320
VON-I P & not only AcUrioo.
and aatiafving, it h kewkkfal
and rnr-rgiciag became of its
Vitamin C content and natarsi
minerals. Tabs
home a doits
cam today. • , «
t
At stands
and
fountain*,
WON-U
WON-UP Distributor
KENNETH WILAON
Brownwood. Texas
Every tome penonelly conducted by
Fred Hsikett, who knowi how to plerne.
We heir conducted wore people to the
New York foie thorn ell other trend
firmi operutmg from Term combined.
Thet it neffment foci In enure yon we
hetr the hnt tour m every wry. We
me the feitett tretm, too, thm getting
you into Wethmglon boon yheed of
other toon. From Ddlm rod fort
Worth we mu tpreid DeLuxe eooehet
end fnllmem to the Teem Spend of
the Kety-Frnco Kedweyt. Thru core be i
fmrtl in ell the world.
FALL SUITS
♦33.
Whenever, wherever one has tbs hp port unity
to Mve money it is good bvainssi to do so.
Perhaps thst's the reason why so many South-
western home-loving people are taking advan-
tage of this Summer Sale of improved gas
beating equipment! It is the annual sale of your
gas company. It is a real money-soring oppor-
tunity. Generous price reductions on floor
furnaces, circulating heaters and room heaters
offer the inducement to plan your winter com-
fort early. Thus, avoiding the last minnte rush
At no other time this year will your gas com-
pany prices be so low.'
-• 2#
■■
. ■ ;■
r»T
7 %
foe fold** giving fall In format loe write
et omen. Oar Conch rate mb *»»;
Pullman rate from SISS down. We
have team lanvtag S»g«*mk*r IS and
October I. Bur the heat, mve mower
end gelt goor a hogging. Hundred* nt
latter* from planned client* ell ever
Texes. Oklahoma. Arkansas. Leetatoae
sad
HASKETT
TRAVEL SERVICE
Liberty Beak Building
Telephone 2-2577
221 N. St. Panl St. Dalian, Tea.
FALL HATS
vfl.
FALL SHIRTS
»2.
Rev Models at all Lose Star Gas
Systen Appliasce Display Roam ...
GARNER-
ALVIS CO.
See the newest gas heating equipment now being fea-
tured at all Lone Star Gas System Appliance Display
rooms. In addition to special low prices special terms
are effective. Small down payment with monthly
payment* beginning in October, if you desire.
. -i v .
-2
^5 L SIHiSji
,-v .vr
Tear Depend ehle !
Community NaturallGas Co.
*
j
■ .an
'
x- ...
. </v
->'a
n .
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Jones, Ernest. The Brownwood Bulletin (Brownwood, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 259, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 17, 1939, newspaper, August 17, 1939; Brownwood, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1093829/m1/11/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Brownwood Public Library.