The Shiner Gazette (Shiner, Tex.), Vol. 52, No. 47, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 21, 1946 Page: 2 of 10
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SHINER GAZETTE. SHINER, TEXAS
By PaulMallon
i Released by Western Newspaper Union.
PWEW BUDGET ‘ECONOMIES’
[PROVE TO BE ILLUSORY
j WASHINGTON. — Strange things
are done in Washington, but the
[strangest is on the budget. Actual-
ly Mr. Truman is “economizing up-
ward.” He is cutting by increas-
ing. He is saving by enlarging ap.
propriations. Actually! Honest!
’ The President took hold of the
budget,! you may remember,
last August 3. It was a firm
grip. The headlines said his
- grasp, or you might say clutch,
at the situation was “the great-
est economy move since the
Hoover administration.” That
economy upped the budget from
36 billion dollars (yes billions)
where it was last January, to
41% billions, a saving which
adds up backwards.
That is all past history. Now we
•re in for some more economy—
jnpward I mean. The press has been
•unofficially informed that the navy
budget is to be slashed 700 million
dollars more than its original (Aug-
ust) 650 million dollar “slash,” and
("the Presidential economy drive
jWill be $1,350,000,000.”
MOUNTING COSTS
r They do not say how much more
this will cost, but a check at the
budget bureau will show you all
economy is tending upward, and by
Jthis I do not mean to say enlarg-
ing, but merely costing more mon-
ley than may be saved. Mr. Tru-
man, it is far more authoritatively
said, in private, is limiting national
defense (the largest in the budget
•item) to 13.2 billions, or 8 billions
for the army and 5.2 billions for the
•navy. But unused balances of old
appropriations give the services a
jtotal of about 22.9 billions, an
'amount about 9.7 billions more
[than the appropriated and officially
suggested figure. The usual com-
jfoined figure used for these services
Is about 18 billions, but these above
stated come from budget authori-
ties. Mr. Truman’s cuts, “slashes,”
Slave been made in the unused bal-
ances of old budgets and not in the
current appropriations, I am in-
formed. This was the “slash” so
(Widely advertised. Actually what
ithe President did was to tell his
ttavy and war secretaries in a con-
fidential letter to limit their expendi-
ftures further—meaning to the ut-
most in consonance with the neces-
sities of their office.
■ Of course even with his econ-
omy upward he still will be
spending more than 12 billions
(yes billions) above the prewar
year of 1936. In those days, de-
fense cost only 1.2 billions for
both army and navy. (The Rus-
sian advertising of economy has
not been added up here yet.)
' Now this is not as surprising or
(confusing as it sounds. Actually the
(position of Mr. Truman’s budget
is somewhat like my own and yours.
■2 am economizing, but it is costing
me much more to live. I am forced
to do the same thing he is doing,
namely pay more for less, so much
more that no matter how much J
economize, my budget runs up.
A STABLE ECONOMY
I wonder if the entire nation and
the world is not in the same fix.
The world talks of developing a
high wage-high price level as ideal,
and I agree it is not only ideal but
• necessity. The strikes (and I do
not mean the political CIO strikes
against Dewey in Albany or the
Lewis-promised strike on the eve of
election) only indicate a demand by
unions to get ahead of the price-
fluctuating economy. Yet the un-
ions are always dissatisfied with
their last strike, and always plan-
ning a new one to get a new wage
increase, which will force . prices
even higher and cause plans for a
third strike they have not yet en-
visaged—but will.
Now all this talk of budgets
(like strikes) is silly in a fluc-
tuating economy. What the
budget needs is the same thing
that the unions really need if
they only knew it—namely, a
stable economy.
Budgets are and will be loose and
inexact in these days. Economy is
simultaneously demanded (and may
not be carried far enough) to keep
1he budget from running away with
atself and to keep tax necessities
down. But actually you cannot say
that an expenditure will be limited
to this or that exact figure below
appropriations—not with any confi-
dence. You may have to pay more
for less than intended.
You take the expert advice of
those who know the subject—and
use your own judgment.
I cannot find it in my heart to crit-
icize Mr. Truman on the budget—
and I cannot find anything except
confusion in the budget bureau
as you have seen. I recommend
the country do the same thing I am
doing—namely, putting the budget
into a secondary category and de-
voting myself primarily to the hope
that the administration will establish
a stabilized wage-price economy.
Then maybe someone may add up
something and trust in the result.
World Opinions Aired at Conclave
———— <t> ---
U. N. Converts Modern War
Plant Into Peace Factory
By BAUKHAGE
News Analyst and Commentator.
Baukhage
WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street, N.W.,
Washington, D. C.
LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y.—At this
writing, committees of the United
Nations are still
meeting in the
great modernistic ||
factory building, \
now converted ||
into a plant for ||
the manufacture
of international
good will. A hun-
dred committee
meetings are be-
ing held in the
rooms where
once the delicate
machinery turn-
ing out instru-
ments of warfare
hummed mer-
! rily, efficiently and most effectively.
Here delegates to the assembly of
the United Nations, split up into
groups, tackle the various subjects
allotted to them just as the com-
mittees of congress discuss the bills
and agree upon their form before
they are submitted to the “commit-
tee of the whole house” for con-
sideration and action.
The difference is that the assem-
bly, unlike congress, cannot pass
laws, it can only express the will of
the majority. Its value is to register,
before the world, world opinion as
expressed by the nations which make
up the United Nations. This is the
first step toward a world govern-
ment whose chief purpose is to po-
lice the world against war.
While the committee meetings
were taking place the security coun-
cil, which compares roughly with the
senate, held some of its meetings in
the same building, for unlike the as-
sembly, which meets only once a
year, the security council is a con-
tinuing body.
The Council of Foreign Ministers,
which also is meeting in New York,
is a body entirely separate from the
United Nations.
* * *
Saddle U. S. With
U. N. Expenses
It was characteristic of the desire
to maintain a “realistic” attitude
(let us hope) which resulted in the
emphasis on fiscal matters, causing
newspapers on the first day’s com-
mittee meetings to display a head
like this:
U. S. OPPOSES
PAYING HALF
OF U. N.’s BILLS
At the meeting of the budgetary
committee, Senator Vandenberg got
in a sly dig when he suggested that
if the other nations felt the Amer-
ican economic system was so good
that it could put up half the money
to run the organization perhaps they
might adopt a similar system. Capi-
talist America would pay 49.89 per
cent of U.N.’s bills while Communist
Russia, although much greater in
size and population, would provide
6 per Cent in the plan submitted.
Of course, any amount balanced
against the price of war is small.
* * *
Powerful Committees
Are in the Making
The work of the committees of
the assembly covers a wide scope,
since besides offering the sounding
board for world opinion and con-
trolling the pursestrings of the whole
organization, the committees like-
wise supervise the several impor-
tant subsidiary agencies, some of
which will become extremely pow-
erful when and if they carry out
the duties planned for them. For
instance, the many plans for im-
proving living standards and social
relations throughout the world,
which is the purpose of the econom-
ic and social council, and the project-
ed trusteeship council which will
oversee the relationship between the
dependent countries and the nations
held responsible for their control and
welfare.
Another important function of the
assembly is initiating amendments
to the charter, and this session bris-
tled with talk among the smaller
countries for amending provisions
governing the power of the veto in
security council.
* • •
Russians Vie to
Last Minute
Early in the meetings of the gen-
eral committee (the steering com-
mittee) and in the assembly itself, it
became evident that the Russians
were following a general plan of pro-
cedure which was not unlike that
which had appeared and still is ap-
pearing in all the controversies. The
Russian delegates frequently oppose
violently a point and then, when they
see that they are beaten, yield.
Sometimes this looks like pure ob-
structionism; sometimes it seems
merely an effort to display strength
and combativeness, sometimes it is
only a patent move to keep Russia in
the forefront of the negotiations as
a force with which to be reckoned.
There is also the language barrier.
Probably there are no more com-
petent performers among the vari-
ous types of experts than the trans-
lators at these international gather-
ings. Much has been written of their
remarkable ability to translate, with-
out taking a single note, long para-
graphs of some speakers who get so
deep in their subjects that they for-
get that the translator is waiting
patiently to translate one segment
before the speaker goes on to the
next.
Prize of them all is Pavlov, the
lean and scholarly looking young
man who appears to wrap himself
about Molotov or Vishinsky and with
/his lips close to the listener’s ear
pours in the words so rapidly that
it would appear they synchronize
with the movement of the speaker’s
lips.
But even a perfect translation may
produce a different meaning, just
as the same word may mean two
different things in the same lan-
guage to two different pairs of ears.
You may recall the famous Molo-
tov outburst at the opening of the
assembly, the speech in which the
Russian delegate demanded disarm-
ament, objected to the Baruch atom-
ic energy plan and went right down
the line walloping everything in
sight. As I remarked earlier, there
was more smoke than fire in that
tirade and American Delegate Aus-
tin, suspecting as much, made the
terse comment on the speech,
“smart but tough.”
When the translations came back
from the report in the Russian press
Austin’s words became “smart but
sharp.”
Now it may be that “tough” is a
tougher word in Russian than it is
in English because the Russians’ or-
dinary conduct in such and some oth-
er matters, all the way from danc-
ing to breakfasting on vodka, may
be what we would consider tougher
than the Anglo-Saxon approach.
<7UeJfome
*7<uim
Repasite,4
jin WASHINGTON
j By Walter Shead
WNU Correspondent
I
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....... ,
COEDS USE BABY IN CLASSWORK ... In conjunction with their
class in child care, Ohio State university coeds give motherly care
to “Jimmy,” age 3 months, who will be cared for by the girls until
he is a year old, when he will be returned to a foundling home.
NEWS REVIEW
Victorious GOP Devises
Strategy on Main Issues
WNU Washington Bureau.
1616 Eye St., N. W.
Removal of Price Controls
Means People ‘Surrendered’1
CONGRESS:
Act Fast
Hardly had the election din at-
tending the Republican landslide
subsided than Rep. Harold Knutson
(Rep., Minn.) revealed that he
would move for a 20 per cent cut
in personal income taxes as soon
as the 80th congress assembles Jan-
uary 5.
In addition, Knutson said that the
ways and means committee, which
he is scheduled to head as the rank-
ing majority member, will open
hearings sometime in February to
pare or eliminate excise taxes on a
long list of consumer goods, in-
cluding jewelry, furs, cosmetics
and liquors.
Republican intentions to slash
taxes ran counter to President Tru-
man’s position to maintain ‘ high
levies to balance next year’s budget
estimated at 40 billion dollars. By
lopping off unnecessary expendi-
tures and trimming the payroll,
Knutson said, the GOP hopes to
scale down the budget to 32 billion
dollars, thus permitting the tax re-
duction and allowing for a sub-
stantial retirement of the national
debt of 262 billion dollars at the
same time.
More to Do
Reduction in taxation was only
one of the many issues facing the
new GOP congress.
Briefly, others included terminat-
ing the President’s wartime powers
to restrict government by execu-
tive decree; widening management’s
rights under the national labor re-
lations act and providing for impar-
tial administration of the law;
hastening abolition of controls to re-
store free enterprise, and formu-
lation of a farm program adjusted
to postwar conditions.
In the field of foreign affairs,
Republicans were expected to ad-
Conscious of Foreign Policy
Most Americans do not realize
how far this nation has gone in the
establishment of a foreign policy
built on popular desire. In the past,
the foreign policy of the United
States always had been a rather
vague thing to people in general,
something evolved behind a screen
of formal phrases in the ancient
high-ceilinged offices of the old state
department building, where they
still have marble fireplaces that
really work in some of the rooms.
In the early days the subject was
kept out of domestic politics simply
because the politicians knew that the
people knew as little as they did as
to what it was all about and didn’t
care any more. Then came the fa-
mous Wilson versus Lodge fight over
the League of Nations, which was
really something far deeper than
that, a fight of two powerful person-
alities and two different concepts of
government—not world government
but domestic government. Lodge
and Wilson became so definitely
committed to their own respective
views that they couldn’t afford to
compromise.
After that, each party considered
it fair game to rip the other up the
back when it came to a discussion on
foreign affairs and the fine old tradi-
tion (which was really a negative
thing) “foreign affairs ends at the
shore line,” was split wide open.
And then the bloody conflict of
World War II made people realize
that Democratic and Republican
blood when it flowed on the battle-
field was the same color and
caused the same gaping wounds at
home.
The campaign which we have just
witnessed, while it was character-
ized with the same old fuss and fury
of the past, omitted the question of
foreign policy except when it was
raised by persons already discredit-
ed by both major parties.
That is the hope, as I see it, for
American dominance, for the domi-
nance of the American idea of hu-
man freedom. We have learned that
when it comes to facing the world,
we meet it shoulder to shoulder as
Americans and nothing else.
BOY AND HIS DOG ... All the
love and devotion of a boy and
his dog are revealed in this pic-
ture of Patrick Lynch of Seattle
and Mike, his dog, who saved him
from attack by a man armed with
a knife.
here to the current bi-partisan pol-
icy mapped by the administration
with the help of Senator Vanden-
berg (Rep., Mich.) as representa-
tive of the GOP congressional bloc.
Minority Leader Martin of Massa-
chusetts was scheduled to take over
speakership of the house, with Sen-
ator Vandenberg of Michigan be-
coming president pro tem of the
upper house and Senator Taft of
Ohio, majority leader.
Seek Unity
As the Republican avalanche set
up a Republican congress during a
Democratic administration, liberal
Democratic leaders called upon
President Truman to resign in favor
of a GOP nominee to assure har-
mony in the forthcoming session.
Remembering the unhappy results
of previous divisions of legislative
and executive power between the
two parties, when solution of press-
ing problems gave way to indecisive
bickering and both sides maneu-
vered for political advantage, Sena-
tor Fulbright (Dem., Ark.) was the
first to call upon Mr. Truman to
give way to a GOP nominee. He
said he intended to introduce a con-
stitutional amendment which would
permit congress to authorize a pres-
idential election if the two parties
divided legislative and executive
control.
Marshall Field, crusading New
Deal publisher, joined Fulbright in
asking President Truman to step
down. By turning the job over to
the GOP, Field said, the Republi-
cans would be charged with full
responsibility for development of a
national program, and the issues
in the 1948 election would be clear
cut.
COAL:
Study Demands
Company spokesmen were quick
to hit at John L. Lewis’ new wage
and hour demands for the United
Mine Workers as threatening the fu-
ture of the industry against the in-
creasing competition of gas and oil.
While the government presently is
running the pits, private interests
were thinking of their position when
the properties are returner} to
them.
Declaring that “ . . . Mr. Lewis
is going to price his boys right out
on the street,” company spokesmen
ridiculed the idea that a reduction
of the work week from six to five
days would lower operating costs
and permit the operators to pay a
25 cent an hour raise. Under the
old contract, miners were paid
$1.18% cents an hour, with overtime
rates beyond 35 hours.
While the operators remained
skeptical, UMW economists figured
that a shorter work week would trim
production costs from 20 to 70 cents
a ton, with an average saving of 45
cents. Since miners dig from four
to five tons of coal daily, the saving
of $2 per day would cover the con-
templated wage increase, they said.
DEFICIT DECLINES
U. S. Finishes Quarter 4in Red’
WASHINGTON. — Aided by re-
cent budget shifts, the federal gov-
ernment finished the first third of
the current fiscal year $300,841,791 in
the red, it is revealed by treasury
department figures.
If the deficit continues at that lev-
el during the two other four-month
periods, it would be slightly more
than $902,525,000 at close of the fis-
cal year on June 30. This would be
less than half the $1,900,000,000 defi-
cit forecast by President Truman
on August 3.
However, officials said nothing
had happened so far to indicate
any important shift away from the
$1,900,000,000 deficit figure, although
the President twice has remarked
without amplification that the budg-
et would be in balance at fiscal-
year end.
Save on Subsidies.
| Recent budget shifts include a
saving of possibly $290,000,000 from
discontinuation of meat subsidies;
but the army has announced it
would require that much extra for
occupation costs.
On the debit side, the presiden-
tial “'economy ceiling” on public
works expenditures has been boost-
ed by $165,000,000.
Tax revenues for the July through
October period totaled $11,994,701,-
000; equivalent to an annual rate
of some $35,984,000,000 or about $3,-
700,000,000 below the August esti-
mate for the year. Heaviest tax re-
ceipts, however, come after Janu-
ary 1.
Leave Pay High.
July-October expenditures totaled
$12,295,543,000, equivalent to an an-
nual rate of $36,886,000,000, or rough-
ly $4,700,000,000 under the August
estimate. But heavy charges for G.I.
terminal leave pay and internation-
al finance still lie ahead.
The federal debt stood at $263,-
917,666,707 at the end of October,
but that was before the treasury be-
gan redeeming with cash two bil-
lion dollars in securities which ma-
tured November 1.
C'ROM THIS vantage point in the
nation where the objective re-
porter can view with detachment
the unravelling pattern of the na-
tional picture, there often comes the
urge to cast aside the tenets of fac-
tual reporting and to write just that
which wells up within . . . the con-
victions which form . . . the cer-
tainties borne into our conscious-
ness by the revelations which can
be seen here in Washington as from
no other place in the country.
For centered here, usually with
clashing but crystal clearness, are
the aims, desires, machinations and
connivances of the many facets of
our national economy . . . individ-
ually and collectively dashing them-
selves in conflict against the one
bulwark set up for the protection
of the masses of the American peo-
ple . . . the federal government.
When that bulwark gives way,
then the people of America give
way . . . for our federal government
IS the people. And this reporter be-
lieves sincerely that the people
and the government have surren-
dered, in the recent meat crisis,
to the same forces of reaction . . .
to the same princes of privilege
who brought about the cataclysmic
depression of the 1930s.
The difference . . . then we were
a land of plenty but the forces of
reaction had robbed the people of
the means . . . the money with
which to buy food and commodities.
Today we are a land of plenty, with
money bulging the pockets of farm-
ers, of workers, of most everyone,
but the forces of reaction took away
food and the commodities upon
which to spend it. Either way the
people suffer.
Artificial Shortage
That this meat famine was delib-
erately manipulated is proved by
the fact that the day after controls
were forced off, stockyards over-
flowed with beef and hogs and sheep
at record high prices. The short-
sighted farmers who participated in
this conspiracy," this “strike”
against price control, will not gain
in the long run. As meat goes up,
prices of other farm produce likely
will go down and most surely prices
of the commodities that farmers buy
will rise and stay up for some time.
The national administration, with
the overwhelming support and con-
sent of the people, determined upon
a gradual and orderly conversion
from war to peace in the process
of adjustment . . . and this spirit
of orderly change was intended to
give every citizen a better oppor-
tunity within his own limited
means and econohny to enjoy the
better things, the higher standard
of living. It meant waiting a while
for those things, but the waiting
would have been worth while.
All of us, citizen and business
and industry, chafing at the re-
straints of a war economy, were im-
patient to cast them off. High war
profits and high war wages had
sharpened our appetite. The wise
leaders counselled more patience—
just a little longer government con-
trol until supply could catch up with
demand. But here in Washington
everyone could watch the picture
forming . . . the pattern changing
. . . for with clever propaganda the
forces of reaction began undermin-
ing the firm foundations of our na-
tional will. No white shirts, no auto-
mobiles, no nylons ... no this and
no that . . . and with more guileless
publicity, the blame, at first tim-
idly, then more forcefully, began
to be placed upon price control. And
the people fidgeted and. chafed.
Many patronized black markets.
Stocks were hoarded, goods were
purposefully held from the retail
market. Finally came the meat
famine. Clever propaganda symbol-
ized the meat shortage as emblem-
atic of all shortages. Everybody high
and low wanted to “get theirs.”
Selfish and Cynical
“Meat, give us meat”—the peo-
ple took up the cry, as if a belly
full of meat would bring to them
all the material goods they had so
long been denied. And when the
people turned from their self-re-
straint, so long and patriotically
imposed during the war, govern-
ment had to give way. The Presi-
dent turned to a policy of lifting
all price controls and wage stabili-
zation, for most certainly if price
controls are lifted then there can
be no wage controls.
“Meat” has become the cynical
selfish cry in this land of plenty.
“Meat” may be the phony issue
upon which the outcome of an elec-
tion may hinge. We have com-
promised ourselves as a people
with the forces of greed and re-
action. And we will not get meat,
nor any other commodities for
which we don’t have the price to
pay inflated prices. Yes, prices will
level off when the consumers form
a buyers’ strike, but not until the
forces of reaction have reaped their
harvest of millions of dollars for
artificially scarce goods.
CLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT
BUSINESS & INVEST. OPPOR.
13,000 CAPACITY portable saw mill com-
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plete with Edg
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OPERATE profitable home mail order
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FARMS AND RANCHES
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HELP WANTED—MEN, WOMEN
TEACHERS WANTED, commercial. home>
economics, English. Spanish, mathematics,*
sciences, girls’ physical education, grades:
salaries to $3,400. In all western states.
BOULDER TEACHERS EXCHANGE
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MISCELLANEOUS
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A conducive factor to longevity. Address
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WHEN COLDS STRIKE
Modern Way Brings Grand Comfort I.
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ITCHING
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Mi YOU PALE
WEM.TIRED
due to MONTHLY LOSSES? ?
you girls and women who lose so
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you’re pale, weak, “dragged out”—
this may be due to lack of blood-iron.
Bo try Lydia E. Pinkham’s TABLETS
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build up red blood—in such cases.
Pinkham’s Tablets are one of the
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Lane, Ella E. The Shiner Gazette (Shiner, Tex.), Vol. 52, No. 47, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 21, 1946, newspaper, November 21, 1946; Shiner, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1144602/m1/2/: accessed July 6, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Shiner Public Library.