The Levelland Daily Sun News (Levelland, Tex.), Vol. 19, No. 80, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 4, 1960 Page: 3 of 16
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Tlw LEVEL LAND DAILY SUN NKWS, Levelland, Texas Sunday, December 4.1t*0 Section A—PAGE THREt .
WOULD VOTES NECESSARY FOR < ' -CREDUCED IF CO ELIOTORS CERTIFIED?
Top authorities disagree on Illinois electoral outcome
Bv JACK ADAMS
WASHINGTON (AP) — Some of
the top legal authorities here dis-
agree strongly over what might
happen if no presidential electors
should be certified from Illinois
this year.
Illinois’ Republican Gov. Wil-
liam G. Stratton has said the
state’s Democratic electors may
not be certified by the State Elec-
toral Board if it receives substan
tial evidence of fraud in the elec-
tion. Stratton is chairman of the
Republican-controlled board.
Republican National Chairman
Thruston B. Morton is directing
a GOP investigation of vote fraud
charges in the state.
On the basis of reported totals
from Illinois’ 102 counties, Demo-
crat John F. Kennedy won the
state by 8 849 votes in the Nov. 8
election.
Should Illinois, with 27 electoral
votes, fail to make any certifica-
tion of electors, the question
would be:
Does this automatically reduce
the size of the Electoral College—
PLAYED LONE HAND
Jap spy breaks silence
on Pearl Harbor attack
Bv C. YATES McDANIEL
WASHINGTON (AP)-The Jap-
anese navy’s lone spy in Hawaii
at the time of Pearl Harbor says
his work had “little to do with
mysterious methods of communi-
cation, lush lady spies or single
brilliant coups.’’
Instead it was based solidly on
scholarly research, meticulous ob-
servation and painstaking atten-
tion to details.
Breaking a silence of 19 years,
retired Ens. Takeo Yoshikawa
tells his story dispassionately in
the current issue of the U. S.
Naval Institute Proceedings. The
story was written with the help
of Marine Lt. Col. Norman Stan-
ford, now an assistant naval at-
tache in Japan.
Yoshikawa had spent more than
four years intensively studying
the U. S. Navy, particularly the
fleet and the bases in the Pacific.
Then, at the age of 25, he was
sent to Hawaii in 1941 as a spy,
posing under the cover name of
Vice Consul Morimura.
He was in Honolulu on that fate-
ful Dec. 7, and heard the sound
of explosions as Japanese bombs
rained down on the big U. S.
naval base at Pearl Harbor. But
as a consular officer he eventual-
ly was repatriated to Japan with-
out his spy status having been
discovered.
He wrote that he found his job
easy in respect to things and hap-
penings he was able to see for
himself. He found it “disappoint-
..ingly difficult" in that he got lit-
tle or no help from the large Jap-
anese community in Hawaii.
He also picked up little of sig-
nificance in talks with American
sailors to whom he gave lifts. And
despite careful and patient qques-
tiomng of military men, he never
was a':’e to find out where Amer-
ican slvps went when they period-
ically left Pearl Harbor.
The Japanese spy used no un-
usual methods of communication,
relying solely on the regular dip-
lomatic codes and message chan-
nels employed by his consulate
theie. <•;
How did the young officer find
out what he did about the fleet
and its operations?
He found out about the move-
ments, the numbers and the prep-
arations of battleship forces by
walking to the end of Pearl City
Peninsula that juts into Pearl
Harbor. There he used his eyes.
He found out about flights and
dispositions of aircraft on Army
airfields by hiring a small com-
mercial plane, flying low at times
to take pictures.
On the very day before the
Pearl Harbor attack, Yoshikawa
sent a significant message that
was relayed promptly to the task
force. He had previously reported
that the U. S. military authorities
were planning to put up a balloon
barrage around key points. On
Dec. 6, the Japanese agent re-
ported no balloons in sight and,
as a result of a stroll to Pearl
City, he was able to report that
the carriers Enterprise and Lex-
ington, together with several
cruisers, had sailed from Pearl
Harbor.
The absence of a balloon bar-
rage meant that the Japanese
could employ low-flying torpedo
bombers.
As a result of his earlier ob-
servation that the big battleships
were often moored in pairs, the
Japanese high command had pro-
vided the attacking force with dive
bombers to make sure of hitting
warships that might be blocked
by other vessels from torpedo at-
tacks.
Although the Japanese officer
^said he found it easy to peer into
Pearl Harbor and to fly over air-
fields, he found that military se-
curity within the big naval base
itself was hard to crack.
Specifically, he never succeed-
ed, even though dressed as a Fil-
ipino laborer, in approaching the
entrance to Pearl Harbor. He
therefore never was able to de-
termine whether the U. S. Navy
had nets strung across the en-
trance to block the passage of
hostile submarines.
New resident drowns
in Beaumont accident
GALVESTON, Tex. (AP)—Pres-
ton Herbert, 43. who moved to
Beaumont two weeks ago from
Galveston, drowned Friday night
when his pickup truck plunged off
the Bolivar-Galveston ferry land-
ing into the water on the Bolivar
side.
His body was recovered about
2 a.m. He was the only occupant
of the truck.
The ferries were halted from
shortly before 10 p.m. until 3:30
a.m. today because the truck cre-
ated an underwater obstacle.
The truck was pulled out of the
way and traffic resumed. The fer-
ries run 20 to 30 minutes apart
at night.
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normally I ng 537 votes—with
a result g reduction in the num-
ber of votes required for • ma-
jority?
You can get emphatic opinion
on both sides of the question but
government lawyer* in the exec-
utive branch, where Republicans
predominate, prefer not to be
quoted directly either way.
One summed up the aituation
like this: “The Constitution and
the lawbooks are completely silent
on this eventuality. No court has
ever passed on the question.
Hence, at tfaii point, opc an’s
opinion is as good as a • —i s.”
The parliamentarian ot the
House, where the elec to k I votes
will be officially tallied at a oint
session of Congresa on Jan. 6, has
declined to express any view. He
said “this is a constitutional ques-
tion.”
Just where the authority lies to
settle such a constitutional ques-
tion is in doubt.
Some raise the point that an
opinion by the attorney general
might have no binding effect on
anyone, since it would only be
an opinion.
Others go so far as to question
whether even the courts could in-
tervene, basing this on a statute
which says a presidential election
cannot be upset because someone
complains he was denied the right
to vote.
The Constitution provides that
the presidency shall be decided
by a maority of the “full number
of electors appointed.” If no can-
didate wins such a maority, the
House can proceed to elect the
president.
If Illinois fails to certify its
electors, it is assumed mandamus
action to force a certification
could be brought against the gov-
ernor, or that each of the maor
parties would offer its Illinois
electoral slate to the House for
action.
There was a somewhat similar
situation in the post-Civil War
election of 1888 when doubt arose
about Georgia’s eligibility to par-
ticipate in the electoral voting.
The congressional teller said on
that occasion the required maor-j the total showed that whethw
ity would be lower if Georgia counted in or out, U. S. Grant
were not counted in but he said I was still elected.
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Brewer, Orlin. The Levelland Daily Sun News (Levelland, Tex.), Vol. 19, No. 80, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 4, 1960, newspaper, December 4, 1960; Levelland, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1152875/m1/3/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting South Plains College.