The Shiner Gazette (Shiner, Tex.), Vol. 59, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 4, 1951 Page: 8 of 12
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SHINER GAZETTE. SHINER. TEXAS
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DEJECTION . . . With his wounded right hand cradled in his lap, a
United States marine falls asleep by the side of the road, relief at
coming through the gruelling march from Changjin reservoir area
allowing him finally to gain a few minutes of peaceful rest. He waited
in Hamhung, North Korea, for eventual evacuation from the threatened
northeast front and possible landing upon some other spot along
Korea’s coastline to re-enter the battle against the Chinese.
NEW ENEMY ... An official communique has disclosed the arrival
of Mongolian troops to augment the Chinese Communists in Korea.
There are two divisions of Mongols, equipped with hardy ponies and
camels. The group is typical of those fighting men that overwhelmed
Asia and Europe in the 13th century from the Yellow Sea to the Adri-
atic and is said to have descended from Genghis Khan’*hordes. They
can move swiftly over the most rugged terrain.
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HERO DONATES BLOOD . . . Former Sergeant Charles MacGilli-
vary, 33, who won the Congressional Medal of Honor while losing an
arm in the Battle of the Bulge in World War II, donates a pint of blood
for Korean use at the Walter Reed hospital in Washington, D. C. He
read a story that the boys in Korea need blood and knows from his
own war experience what the soldiers are up against. Capt. Robert
Regan (right) is assisted by Technician Shirley Dunn.
TWO KILLED IN B-26 CRASH... Two men were killed when their B-26
“Invader” light bomber crashed while attempting to land at the air
force’s Bolling Field air base at Washington, D. C. The plane was re-
turning from a cross-country flight to Portland, Ore. The wreckage of
the bomber is shown on the grounds of the naval research laboratory,
1 200 feet south of the main runway at the air force base. The names
of the passengers were withheld until relatives were notified.
■WEEKLY NEWS
A State of National Emergency Is
Proclaimed by President Truman;
Russia Threatens Western Europe
(EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these columns, they are those of
Western Newspaper Union’s news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.)
^7
DEBUT . . . Evlyn Spencer Hor-
ton, born recently, proudly poses
for cameraman at home with her
mother, Mrs. John Horton, and
grandfather, Secretary of Treasury
John W. Snyder. Mrs. Horton is
the former Miss Drucie Snyder.
CHALLENGES X-RAY . . . The
University of Washington’s right to
make a student submit to X-ray as
condition of attendance has been
challenged in a suit for Dayis Hol-
comb, member of First Church of
Christ, Scientist, brought by her
father.
HAPPY’S NEMESIS . . . Fred
Saigh, owner of the St. Louis
Cardinals, reportedly was a busy
man at the meetings on the vote
for renewal of Baseball Commis-
sioner “Happy” Chandler’s con-
tract, lining up as many votes
against Chandler as he could.
HAMHUNG,
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Japan
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SOUTH
KOREAN
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Chinese Communists in the mountains of central North Korea
prepared for another big sweep down the middle of Korea (broken
arrow). Meanwhile, 60,000 United Nations troops were evacuated
from the Hamhung-Hungnam beachhead after withdrawing from
the Yalu river.
FAMILY DOCTOR OF YEAR . . .
Dr. Dean Sherwood of Canton,
Mass., was awarded recently in
Cleveland the title of “family doc-
tor of the year” by the American
Medical Association for exceptional
service to his community. He’s
delivered some 2,000 babies.
EMERGENCY:
Near-War Footing
With a series of proclamations
and executive orders, President
Truman put the nation on a near-
war footing. In a world-wide radio
address the President proclaimed
a national emergency and told the
American people they must pay
higher taxes, work longer hours,
and give up many civilian goods
to speed up the defense program.
“Our home, our nation, all the
things we believe in, are in great
danger,” the President said in his
address.
“The future of civilization de-
pends on what we do—on what we
do now and in the months ahead.”
He announced the administration
would impose some wage-price
controls and bring 3,500,000 men
under arms “as soon as possible.”
Then he outlined the buckling-
down program:
1. Compulsory price ceilings "at
once” on some items essential to
defense production and the cost of
living.
2. Voluntary ceilings over rest of
thet economy of publishing “fair
standards of prices and wages.”
3. To provide the necessary ma-
terials for defense production, a
“cut back on many lines of civilian
production” and expanded output
of steel, copper, aluminum, elec-
tric power, and agricultural com-
modities.
4. Workers to labor more hours.
5. Still further taxes.
6. Federal spending for non-
defense purposes slashed “to the
minimum” in the fiscal 1952
budget.
Within hours after the declar-
ation of a national emergency, the
President created the Office of
Defense Mobilization by executive
order. The new office was given
unprecedented power with full
authority over civilian agencies
already at work building United
States war strength. Truman
named Charles E. Wilson to head
the agency. Wilson was president
of General Electric.
Also within hours after the Presi-
dent’s proclamation, the Economic
Stabilization Agency froze the
price of new automobiles at the
level of December 1, 1950. The
action rolled back price increases
averaging five per cent announced
by Ford, Chrysler, General Motors,
and Nash, on the 1951 models.
The automobile industry protested
the price roll-back and stopped the
sale of some makes. Observers did
not believe the protest would carry
much weight in Washington.
Most observers believed the
President had set the stage for
further drastic curbs. There is no
doubt but that a speed-up in re-
armament—to suit the quickening
tempo of the Kremlin time-table—
will cause economic injuries. Some
people are going to lose jobs. Some
business men are going to lose
money. And all Americans are go-
ing to find life a lot tougher.
Some observers believed it may
be necessary to cut back civilian
production as much as 30 to 50
per cent before war production
can go into high gear.
Marines
The first truckloads of U. S.
1st marine division are shown
above as they rolled into the
area near Hamhung after their
12-day battle to free themselves
from the death trap set by
Chinese and North Korean
Communists hear the Changjin
reservoir.
EUROPE:
Reds Threaten
The Soviet Union did not say ex-
actly what it would do, but in
notes to Great Britain and France
warned that the rearmament of
Germany would not be tolerated.
The threat brought a new feeling
of crisis to western Europe.
The Kremlin sent notes to Britain
and France which asserted:
1. Arming of Germans by At-
lantic allies would violate the Pots-
dam pact of 1945.
2. Western Germany’s inclusion
in the Atlantic pact setup would
invalidate Russia’s alliance trea-
ties with Britain and France.
A number of observers were ask-
ing if the Soviet warning wasn’t
the kind Red China made—and
later fulfilled—as United Nations
forces crossed the 38th parallel in
Korea. Others, however, do not
think the Communists are ready
for all-out war.
The note is having its effect on
western Europe and may slow
down the execution of defense
plans.
London described the Soviet note
as a “patently tactical device”
timed to coincide with the Brussels
meeting.
MARSHALL:
Opposes Full Mobilization
Defense Secretary Marshall Is
reported opposed to full mobiliza-
tion now because there is still “a
hope” that World War III may be
averted.
Marshall’s careful appraisal of
the powder-keg world situation was
given to a house appropriations
subcommittee at a secret hearing.
However, Marshall said he also
believes that the United States
must build up its armed forces to
just-short-of-war footing as swiftly
as possible because “a single word”
from the Kremlin could start the
holocaust at any time.
The defense secretary did not
say exactly how far he believed
U. S. mobilization should go. But
he said the present goal of 2,771,000
men under arms by next July 1
must be increased substantially.
UNITED NATIONS:
Political Stalemate
Although there was much less
tension in the capitals of the world,
diplomats at the United Nations
continued to work feverishly in an
attempt to head off a world-wide
conflict. No workable solution for
stopping the Korean war had been
.found, however, and the organiza-
tion seemed locked in a political
stalemate.
Russia declared that all foreign
troops, including Chinese Commu-
nists “volunteers,” should be with*
drawn from Korea, but voted
against a cease-fire proposal which
the United Nations political com-
mittee approved by a vote of 51
to 5.
Russia’s delegates harked ..again
and again to the argument that the
cease-fire formula was aimed at
“saving the skins” of western
troops—at providing a “breathing
spell” during which Gen. Douglas
MacArthur’s forces could “reform
their ranks” in preparation for a
new attack.
The general assembly went ahead
with its cease-fire plan by naming
a three-man committee to seek the
truce. Most observers believed
they would not succeed.
ACHESON:
Ouster Demanded
Secretary of State Dean Acheson
flew to Brussels for a meeting with
representatives of the Atlantic pact
nations amid renewed pressure on
the home front that he be fired
from the state department.
The latest move for his ouster
was made by senate and house
Republicans. There was no White
House comment on the Republican
resolution.
Administration officials, however,
reported President Truman was
“absolutely determined” to stand
by Acheson for the reason that he
has served him exceptionally well.
Some quarters reported the Pres-
ident considered the attack on
Acheson to be an attack on the
administration’s foreign policy.
Acheson was reported to have
said he would not resign and that
he was making the Brussels trip
because he felt the European peo-
ples needed to be reassured that
the United States is determined to
help build up their defenses.
Some political observers express-
ed the opinion that the Republican
demand for Acheson’s ouster was
timed badly. It was pointed out
that lack of unified political sup-
port for Acheson in congress might
embarrass him in relations with
Atlantic pact foreign ministers.
RAIL TIE-UP:
Walkout Called Off
Under pressure from President
Truman, the federal courts and
their own union officials, more
than 10,000 striking rail yard work-
ers ended their crippling three-
day strike that caused one of the
greatest freight stackups in the
nation’s history.
The strike ended without any
wage settlement, although repre-
sentatives of the railroads and four
rail unions got together for joint
bargaining talks at the White
House.
/ The strike had caused mountain-
ous stacks of Christmas packages
to be bottled up in post offices and
stranded in freight cars. War ship-
ments had been halted in transit.
Some railroads had curtailed pas-'
senger train schedules.
The union had demanded a 40-
hour week at pay they received
for 48 hours—the same benefits
which were awarded previously to
one million nonoperating workers.
A presidential fact-finding board
recommended a 40-hour week, but
at pay boost of only 18 cents. The
union’s demands amounted to 31
cents.
Contest
WAR FUNDS
House Approves Huge Defense Measure
OUTSTANDING PLAYER . . . All-
American Ohio State Halfback Vic
Janowicz holds the Heisman trophy
which was awarded to him at the
Downtown Athletic Club in New
York as “the outstanding college
football player in the U. S.”
The house approved and sent to
the senate a “first installment” de-
fense appropriation amounting to
$17,809,304,424. The Senate was ex-
pected to act on the bill within a
matter of days.
The huge appropriation included
$16,845,181,000 for the army, navy
‘and air force—exactly what Presi-
dent Truman asked. The atomic
energy commission got $840 million
to augment its fast expanding A-
bomb and H-bomb program.
Meanwhile, the “second install-
ment” on the gigantic prepared-
ness program was rapidly taking
shape. President Truman sent to
congress a new request for $1,834,-
911,000 to add war-needed mater-
ials to the nation’s stockpile. The
house began study of the bill imme-
diately.
The Pillsbury baking contest
was held at the Waldorf Astoria
with housewives from through-
out the nation competing for
thousands of dollars in prizes.
Mrs. William E. Brebner of
Des Moines, Iowa, (left) is show-
ing the Duke and Duchess of
Windsor a little thing she
whipped up and called “The
Thing,” after the current
whacky song.
CHURCHILL:
No Foolish Promises
Former Prime Minister Winston
Churchill warned the western
powers against the argument “that
we must never use the atomic
bomb until and unless it is used
against us first."
“The argument is now put for-
ward that we must never use the
atomic bomb until and unless it is
used against us first,” Churchill
said. “In other words, you must
never fire until you are shot dead.”
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PERSONAL
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JANUARY 15-J)
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Lane, Ella E. The Shiner Gazette (Shiner, Tex.), Vol. 59, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 4, 1951, newspaper, January 4, 1951; Shiner, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1163408/m1/8/: accessed June 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Shiner Public Library.