Landing Device for Aeroplanes. Page: 3 of 4
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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ERNEST L. MARTIN, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.
LANDING DEVICE FOR AEROPLANES.Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Sept. 7, 1920.
Application filed February 26, 1920. Serial No. 361,496.
gb all whom, it may concern:
Be it known that I, ERNEsT L. MARTIN,
citizen of the United States, residing at
Houston, in the county of Harris and State
5 of Texas, have invented certain new and use-
ful Improvements in Landing Devices for
Aeroplanes, of which the following is a
specification.
This invention relates to new and useful
10 improvements in a landing device for aero-
planes.
One object of the invention is to provide
a landing device of the character described
which may be controlled by the aviator and
15 adjusted in accordance with the direction
of movement of the plane at the time of
landing.
In landing the machine often encounters
side winds which tend to force the plane lat-
20 erally, subjecting the landing wheels to great
side strain so that their anchorage is often
broken and it is the object of this invention
to provide a landing device which may be
so adjusted in landing, as to relieve it from
25 the lateral strain caused by the wind blow-
ing in a cross current relative to the direc-
tion of movement of the plane.
Another object of the invention is to pro-
vide a landing device whose wheels are cush-
30 ioned by means of a pneumatic cushion so
that the shock and strain incident to landing
is greatly relieved.
With the above and other objects in view,
the invention has particular relation to cer-
35 tamo novel features of construction, operation
and arrangement of parts, a description of
which is given in this specification illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings where-
in:
to Figure 1 shows a rear view of the landing
device,
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view thereof,
Fig. 3 shows a side view partially in sec-
tion and
5 Fig. 4 shows a side view of an areoplane
with the landing device attached.
Referring now more particularly to the
drawings wherein like numerals of refer-
ence designate similar parts, in each of the
0 figures, the numeral 1 designates the fuse-
lage of the machine. Secured to this fuse-
lage underneath and slightly in front of the
wings or planes there is a rectangular frame
work 2. Depending from the sides of this
frame work are the A-frames 3, 3 which arepivotally connected to the frame work by
means of universal joints 4; and tIhese A-
frames are held in fixed relation to each other
by means of a cross link 20, which is pivoted
at its ends to said frames. The rear arm of 60
each A-frame consists of a cylinder 5 in
which there is fitted a piston 6. This piston
is rigidly attached to the inner end of the rod
7 which operates through a stuffing box 8
carried by the lower end of the cylinder, 65
The lower end of each rod.is bifurcated forin-
ing the spaced fingers 9, 9 and rotatably
mounted between these respective fingers are
the landing wheels 10, 10. The upper end
of each cylinder has an inlet valve 11 through 70
which a sufficient amount of lubricating oil
may be introduced into the cylinder and
there is a by pass 12 provided to permit any
oil which escapes past piston to find its way
back into cylinder above the piston. 75
A shaft 13 is rotatably mounted in end
bearings 14 -carried by the' respective ends
of the frame work 2 and fixed to said shaft
inside of its respective bearings are small
sprocket wheels 15, 15. Anchored to the so
frame work on opposite sides at each end
are the pulleys 16, 16 and operating over
these respective sets of pulleys are the ca-
bles 17, 17, the ends of each cable being
crossed and being attached to the lower part 85
of the oppositL A-frame. A section of each
cable, as 18, is formed into a sprocket chain
which operates over the corresponding
sprocket wheel 15.
In front of the aviator there is a rotatably 90
mounted steering shaft 19, whose rear end
has the steering wheel 20, fixed thereon.
This shaft has the fixed sprocket wheel 21
in alinement with the corresponding
sprocket wheel 22 fixed on the shaft 13, and 95
operating over these sprocket wheels there
is a sprocket chain 23 through which rota-
tion is imparted from the shaft 19 to the
shaft 13.
It is obvious that by the manipulation of 100
the hand wheel 20 the position of the land-
ing device may be varied, as indicated in
dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the angle thereof
relative to the aeroplane may be readily
changed, so as to relieve said device from 105
unnecessary side strain in alighting; due to
cross currents of the wind.
Extending rearwardly from the lower end
of each of the rods 7 are the downwardly
curved stabilizers 24 whose free ends are 1101,352,077.
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Martin, Ernest L. Landing Device for Aeroplanes., patent, September 7, 1920; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1256832/m1/3/: accessed June 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.