Drill Bit Page: 3 of 5
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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
FRANK L. CLEMENTS, JR., OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.
DRILL-BIT.Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Feb. 24,1920.
Application filed March 6, 1919. Serial No. 280,978.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FRANK L. CLEMENTS,
Jr., a citizen of the United States, and a
resident of Houston, in the county of Harris
5 and State of Texas, have invented a new and
Improved Drill-Bit, of which the following
is a description.
In drilling for oil by the rotary 'method
in the usual manner, a bit is screwed to the
10 bottom of a string of pipe, the whole being
continuously rotated while muddy water is
pumped down through the inside of the pipe
passing through holes in the drill bit and re-
turning to the surface around the outside
15 of the pipe. The water washes out the ma-
terial cut and loosened by the bit while the
mud of the water plasters up the sides of
the drilled hole. The string of pipe is
known in the trade as the drill stem and the
20 bit is usually about two inches larger at
the working or drilling point than is the
inside diameter of the drill stem. With bits
of the form generally used it is necessary
to remove and unscrew the drill stem every
25 three joints whenever it is necessary to
change the bit for sharpening or the like,
and this is required every twenty-four hours
or oftener, depending on the character of
the formation in which the drilling is being
30 done. Removal of the stem and renewal of
the bit requires from four to six hours, more
or less. To overcome the stated objection
provision has been proposed for passing the
bit through the drill stem, thereby constitut-
35 ing a saving of a great deal of time and
labor over the present method, besides re-
ducing the wear and tear on the machinery,
piping, etc. My invention provides novel
means for carrying out the passing of the
40 bit through the drill stem, as hereinafter
set forth.
Reference is to be had to the accompany-
ing drawings forming a part of this speci-
fication, it being understood that the draw-
45 ings are merely illustrative of one example
of the invention.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sec-
tion of the lower end of a drill stem showing
my improved drill bit therein in side ele-
50 vation;
Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but at
right angles to the latter;
iFig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but with
the parts in positions for pulling the drill
55 bit out of the stem, the drill points and other
parts in this figure being also shown as theyare disposed after lowering the drill bit,
and before final positioning of the drill
points relatively to the stem for drilling;
Fig. 3a is a vertical section of the lower 60
end of the stem and showing in side ele-
vation the upper portion of the drill bit lift
and the grab therefor;
Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively horizontal
sections on the lines 4-4, and 5-5, Fig. 2; 65
Fig. 6 is- a horizontal section on the line
6-6, Fig. 3a;
Fig. 7 is a sectional side elevation of the
drill bit with the drill points in position
for drilling; 70
Fig. 7a is a fragmentary view similar to
the upper right hand portion of Fig. 7 show-
ing the latch pin in the projected position
by the controlling finger shown in the
lowered operative position, the view show- 75
ing also a spring-pressed latch bar sec-
tioned to indicate its fastened relation to its
controlling spring.
Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on the line
8-8, Fig. 7; 80
Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the grab for
engaging the lift and raising and lowering
the drill bit.
Fig. 10 is a horizontal section on the line
10-10, Fig. 9. 85
In carrying out my invention in accord-
ance with the illustrated example, a tubu-
lar section 10 is applied to the lower end of
the pipe A constituting the drill stem, con-
nection being effected by any suitable means 90
as by:a coupling 11. The section 10 consti-
tutes a housing for the drill bit and coacting
members are provided on said housing and
on the body 12 of the bit, so that the latter
will be turned with the turning of the stem, 95
there being shown for the purpose a rib 13
on the bit body to be engaged by ribs 14 on
the section 10 at the interior. Said ribs 13
may have, as shown, recesses 13a to receive
corresponding teeth on the ribs 14 but this is 100
not absolutely necessary, as the interlocking
function while drilling is well performed
by the latches 18 hereinafter referred to.
The drill points may be of any suitable
shape to suit the character of the formation 105
to be drilled. One drill point 15 is secured
to the body 12 by a bolt 16 or the like to
be readily removed while a second drill
point 17 is adapted to have vertical move-
ment relatively to the body 12 for posi- 110
tioning the second point alongside the rela-
tively fixed point 15 for drilling or to raise1,332,105.
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Clements, Frank L., Jr. Drill Bit, patent, February 24, 1920; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1257855/m1/3/: accessed July 5, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.