Process of and Apparatus for Hydrogenating Fats, Oils, Waxes, and the Like. Page: 2 of 4
[2], 2 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this patent.
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UNIEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS BAILEY WALKER, OF AUSTIN, TEXAS.
PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR HYDROGENATING PATS, OILS, WAXES, AND THE
LIKE.Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 20, 1918.
Application filed January 6, 1917. Serial No. 141,061.To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, THOMAS BAnIEY
WALAER, a citizen of the United States of
America, and a resident of Austin, Texas,
5 have invented a new and useful Improve-
ment in Processes of and Apparatus for Hy-
drogenating Fats, Oils, Waxes, and the like,
which invention is fully set forth in the fol-
lowing specification.
10 This invention relates to improvements in
processes of and apparatus for hydrogenat-
ing fats, oils, waxes and the like, and has
for its objects to produce a higher grade,
product requiring no after treatment or
15 purification, to reduce manufacturing costs
by cutting down the duration of the reac-
tion, reducing the losses of hydrogen to a
minimum and prolonging the life of, the
catalytic agent.
'0 With a view of attaining these objects, my
invention resides in providing a process of
treating the bodies referred to and in appa-
ratus for carrying out the process.
My process, generally stated, consists in
subjecting the fats, oils, or waxes or like
substances to the action of 'one or more
catalytic agents in the presence of hydrogen
at hydrogenating temperatures, and, during
the operation, withdrawing from the hydro-
) genator the hydrogen associated with mois-
ture of reaction, together with any suspend-
ed by-products, purifying the gas thus re-
moved by aid of a condenser with or with-
out chemical treatment, and returning the
5 purified gas to the hydrogenator with or
without the addition of a fresh supply of
hydrogen. While my process may be car-
ried out in a variety of apparatus, I prefer
to employ my improved apparatus as here-
10 in described and claimed. For this purpose,
I provide a receptacle having connection
with a supply of hydrogen. Within the re-
ceptacle is supported a bed of coarse cata-
lytic material above the body of oil or fat in
45 which is suspended finely divided catalytic
material, and preferably on shelves below
this bed other masses- of coarse catalytic
material are placed. In the space above the
bed, I locate a fluid-driven motor which
50 is geared to a shaft for running a fan lo-
cated near the gas inlet for breaking up
gas bubbles, and also drives a hydrogen
pump located within the receptacle. Out-
side the receptacle -I provide a system of
55 conduits, in one of which is located a pumpadapted to force the oil or liquid under
treatment from the bottom of the receptacle
to the oil motor inside thereof, which latter
delivers the oil in a spray above the body
of catalytic material. Another conduit of 80
the system includes a condensing apparatus
such as a condensing-worm with a trap, and
the hydrogen pump which circulates hydro-
get with its admixture of moisture and other
products resulting from reaction on the oils 65
through the condenser and returns it to the
bottom of the receptacle to pass up through
the oil. I preferably provide a connection
with this hydrogen conduit for introducing
fresh hydrogen when desired. 70
By aid of this apparatus I am enabled to
continually remove moisture and other vola-
tile reaction products from the sphere of re-
action and thereby facilitate the process of
hydrogenation while reducing to a mini- 75
mum the formation of catalytic soaps. The
location of the hydrogen.pump within the
receptacle and driving the same by the cur-
rent of oil under treatment effects a mate-
rial saving in hydrogen by preventing leaks, 80
and also economizes power otherwise used
in stirring the materials treated. The above
and other features will be more fully ex-
plained in the detailed description.
In order that the invention may be more 85
readily understood, reference is had to the
accompanying' drawings which illustrate one
mechanical embodiment of the inventive
idea and which are intended to assist the
description of the invention but not as de- 90
fining the limits thereof.
Referring to the drawing, 1 is a hy-
drogenizing tank provided with a heating
jacket 2 at the lower portion thereof. 3 is
a storage tank for hydrogen under pressure 95
connected with the tank 1 through a conduit
4 provided with a reducer valve 5. Located
within the tank is a fluid motor 6 supported
by a bracket 7 on the interior wall of the
tank. The inlet of this motor is connected 100
by a pipe 8 through a power-driven pump
9 to the bottom of the tank 1. The motor
is provided at its delivery end with a spray-
nozzle 10. To the driving shaft of this
motor is connected a suction fan or gas 105
pump 11 also located within the tank and
connected on the exterior with a condensing
coil 12, which latter has its delivery end con-
nected with a pipe 13 leading to the bottom
of the tank and delivering gas through 1101,276,290.
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Walker, Thomas Bailey. Process of and Apparatus for Hydrogenating Fats, Oils, Waxes, and the Like., patent, August 20, 1918; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1259266/m1/2/: accessed June 21, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.