Galveston Journal. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 4, No. 22, Ed. 1 Saturday, October 26, 1901 Page: 2 of 8
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SOME CHINESE PROVERBS.
LABOR ANDINDUdlIY
and
o’er
the
The report of Carroll D.
HINTS ON DRESSING CHILDREN.
Its Existence Is Based Upon Eoonomlo
Law, To-wlt:
H. B. GoopMa.
C. H. Mook*.
Moore &
Mechonic SIM corner 29th.
The Southern Pacific,
AGAIN:
HOUSTON AND GALVESTON.
PLEASURE TO THE PASSENGER
zwwwwii
England than in Pennsylvania.
In
Leave Galveston
. 7:00 a. m.
Making New Orleans Connections.
Leave Galveston
8:00 p. m
SLEEPING CAR and FREE CHAIR
Fraternally,
Grand Central
Station, Houston.
SAMUEL GOMPERS, Presiet.
J. H. MLLER, P. and T. Agt.
FRANK MORRISON, Secretary.
Headquarters 423-425 G Street, N. W. Washimgton, D Q
I
Tremont St., Phone 87.
General Passenger and
country.
Wright,
“Wages
••••••eeeeee
••eeeeeeoeee
Say, can’t you afford to pay $1 for a
newspaper within 360 days’ time, which
is a long ways less than 10 cents per
month.
etveeeceeeee
bec00c00e00•
Making Connections with H. 4 T. C,
and all points west for California.
That to maintain high wages all localities must be or-
ganized.
That to maintain high wages all trades and calling must
be organized.
That no one particular locality can long maintain high
wages above that of others.
That each National or International Union must be pro-
tected in its particular field against rivals and secedera
Therefore, FEDERATION.
That no particular trade can long maintain wages above
the common level.
This can be best done by the maintenance of National
and International Unions.
Endeavors to unite all classes of wage workers under one
head, through their several organizations to the end:
It gives to any organization joining its ranks recogni-
tion in the labor field in all its phases.
That any Local Union which refuses to so affillate is Im-
consitent, non-union, and should be “let alone.”
That class, race, creed, political and trade prejudice may
be abolished.
That lack of organization among the unskilled vitally
affects the organized skilled.
That support, moral and financial may be given to each
other.
DEALER IN
Lumber,
Laths and
Shingles.
403
L. J. PARKS,
it aims to allow—in the light of xeperience—the utmost
liberty to each organization in the conduct of its own af-
fairs, consitent with the generally understood principles
of LABOR.
It is not a moneyed institution. It allows each orgeni-
cation to control its own benefits without let or hindrance.
It securen in cases of boycotts, strikes, lockouts, at.en-
tive hearing before all affiliated bodies, and it renders
financial aid to the extent of its ability.
Along the shore* of the beautiful
bay; fast time, new equipment, dust
lees shell track—a
-
It is composed of International, National, State, Central
and Local Unions, representing the great bulk of Organised
Labor in the United States and Canada.
That the history of the labor movement demonstrates the
necessity of a union of indicuduals, and that logic implies
a union of Unions—FEDERATION.
CAR SERVICE via the G., H. & N. and
connections.
All trains arrive and depart from
question. shoemakers in Massachu-
setts get $2.83 per day, while a Ger-
It is in communication with reformers and sympathizers
in almost all classes, giving information and enlisting tbei
co-operation.
Goodman,
throne of Grace
Asked entrance for a soul in para-
dise.
Dear hands! Brave hands! I proudly
honor you!
For lofty deeds in lowly spirit done.
Maimed and unbeautiful to careless
view
What victories of peace those hands
have won!
—M. L. Ryan, in Chicago Record-Her-
ald.
Those knotted hands with soft
reverent trace
Have gently closed tired lids
sightless eyes,
Then clasped in prayer before
I
I
-
INDUSTRIAL NOTES.
The report of the Pennsylvania bu-
leau of miners shows that 677 persons
were killed about the mines in that
state last year.
Labor’s greatest enemies are the
methods employed in the sweatshops,
the watering of stock, the abuse of the
injunction, and the employment of in-
competents.—Utica Globe.
The Birmingham convention of the
International Typographical Union re-
■ fused to abolish the law subjecting a
' man shoemaker gets' 48 to 79 cents.
TO ; Yet we export boots and shoes to Ger-
: many, and though the value of the ex-
j ports is not large, it nearly doubled
I in 1901 over 1900, and the Germany
I love to think that once that calloused
palm,
With dimples in the rosy flesh was
set,
That once fond lips annointed with
love’s balm,
Pressed kisses there that live in
memory yet.
i The reason is that we produce the
। shoes more cheaply and the quality is
; better.
necessary in order to maintain the
“American scale of wages.” It has been
as often answered that there is no
such thing as an American scale of
wages, but that wages differ widely in
the various parts of the United States,
as they do also in other countries.
They also vary very greatly in differ-
ent occupations in the same part of the
are complaining of the competition.
vious years, by far the larger amount
of the increase is accounted for by the
rise of miners’ wages, whica rose on
the average nearly 4 shillings 5 pence
(rather more than a dollar) per week
in the course of the year, and account-
ed for £168,000, or 80 per cent of the
total weekly increase of wages. Tak-
ing into account the various dates at
which the changes came into opera-
tion, it is estimated that the addi-
labor, on
Countries”
has been secretary since 1897 of the
latter orrganization, which is a branch
of the International. For a time he
worked at setting structural iron dur-
ing the season of the year that naviga-
tion was closed, and was a membee of
the Bridge and Structural Iron Work-
ers’ Union. Mr. Penje was first elect-
ed president of the International Sea-
men’s Union of America in 1899 and
was re-elected in 1900. He is a dele-
gate from the Lake Seamen’s Union
to the Chicago Federation of Labor.
The general organization of skilled and unskilled can
only be accomplished by united action. Therefore FED-
ERATION
serve their comments for the daily or i member to expulsion who publishes a
weekly wage, which is beside the i falsehood about another member.
Boys go into socks very late. Their
very lock stockings come half way up
their legs.
For little boys the Russian blouse
has succeeded ik general to the long
white baby robe.
The large collars in Irish point har-
monize perfectly with the Russian
blouse with its pleats that are held
in place by a leather belt.
Boys’ coats are amply cut, with a
waistcoat of the same material and
with short knee breeches. The round
collar and 2 fancy cravat make them
look very attractive.
The Wages of Workmen Vary Greatly
in the Different states of the Union—
Alabama Cotton spinners Kecele 41
Cento a Day.
A Service of Hands.
They’ve given loving service—those
poor hands
With fretted nails, and fingers bent
and worn;
They bear the scars which sacrifice de-
mands
When from their cherished idols
rudely torn.
SOME ITEMS OF INTEREST
UNION WORKMEN.
It assembles once a year all classes of wage- earners, la
convention to exchange ideas and methods, to cultivate
LABOR, to announce to the world the burdena, aims ad
hopes of the workers.
commissioner of
in Commercial
Galveston, Hons’on and
’ Northern B’y Co.
Th* Popular Line Between
general, however, the prosperous com-
mercial nations pay higher wages than
the decadent nations, though the lat-
ter have laws strongly restricting in-
ternational trade. All comparisons ot
wages by the day or week are mis-
leading when applied to the question
of labor cost. The test of labor cost
is what part of the cost of a ton of
iron, a yard of cloth, or of the unit
of any other commodity, represents
labor. From this inquiry those who
talk most glibly of the American scale
of wages usually shrink. They re-
WAGES PAID TO WORKMEN.
Times innumerable it has been said ■ tional amount disbursed in wages dur-
in tariff discussion that protection 1s ing 1900, occasioned solely by the in-
crease of wages recorded in this re-
port, apart from any change in the
; number of te working population,
It establishes inter-communication, creates agitation,
and is in direct and constant correspondence with a corps e
of representative organizers throughout the country.
It watches the interest of workers in National Congress; J
it endorses and protests in the name of LABOR, ard has
secured vast relief from burdensome laws and government
officials.
Trust not a vain woman, for she is
first in her own eye.
A woman and a child are alike; each
needs a strong, uplifting hand.
A vain woman is to be feared, for
she will sacrifice all for her pride.
A haughty woman stumbles, for she
cannot see what may be in her way.
A woman without children has not
yet the most precious of her jewels.
Give heed to the voice of an old
woman; sorrow has given her wisdom.
Like sheep that he leaderless are
many women come together for much
talk.
Woman is the ease for that which
pains the father; she is balm for his
troubles.
Speak not ill of any woman; if a
woman be not righteous, what she is
speaks for itself.
Respect always a silent woman;
great is the wisdom of the woman that
holdeth her tongue.
When first a woman loves she fears;
she fears not that to which she has
become accustomed.
A woman desirous of being seen by
men is not trustworthy; fear the
glance from her eye.
The gods honor her who thinketh
long before opening her lips. Pearls
come from her mouth.
Trust not the woman that thinketh
more of herself than another; mercy
will not dwell in her heart.
Give heed to her from whom chil-
dren have come; she walks in the
sacred ways and lacks not love.
A woman that respects herself is
more beautiful than a single star; more
beautiful than many stars at night.
A beautiful woman knows not her
charms, therefore is she beautiful;
more so than the colors of the sea.
A mother not spoken well of by her
children is an enemy of the state; she
should not live within the kingdom’s
wall.
A woman who mistakes her place
can never return to* where she first
was; the path has been covered up
from her eyes.
A woman that is not loved is a kite
from which the string has been taken;
she drives with every wind and cometh
to naught but a long fall.
was not less than £6,000,000.” Writ-
ing, however, in July last, he has to
record the first half of the present
year has accorded with the signs
which were not wanting toward the
end of 1900 that the period of rising
wages was drawing to a close. The
increases of wages, though still more
widespread than the decreases, have
not balanced them in amount, so that
for the first time since 1895 the net
effect has been a fall amounting to
nearly £30,000 a week, the decline be-
ing most marked in the mining and
iron and steel trades, which recently
had shown the greatest rise. In spite
of the gieat amount of alteration in
1900, it is recorded that only 5 per
cent of those whose wages were
changed were engaged in disputes on
this account. This was largely due to
the extent .to which wages in the coal,
iron and other staple trades are now
adjusted by conciliation and wages
-eu IEUIIS jo ‘Sos Suipi[s ‘spazoq
chinery,’ the cases of more than half
the workpeople concerned being ar-
ranged by such methods.
REPRESENTS THE SAILORS.
William Penje, who has been in the
labor movement in Chicago for twelve
years past, has secured notable recog-
nition for that city in its new capa-
city as a sea port as well as a lake
port by being elected president of the
International Seamen’s Union of
America. This organization has in its
membership the men who sail in
American vessels from Atlantic and
Pacific ports and on the great lakes,
and it is a special mark of distinction
for a lake seaman to be chosen to its
chief office. Mr. Penje understands
the conditions throughout the entire
territory presided over by him, how-
ever, as he sailed on salt water for
years before entering service on the
lakes. He is a native of Germany and
shipped in a German sailing vessel
when he was 15 years old. Later he
did service on both English and Amer-
ican ocean craft. Since 1889 he has
sailed on the lakes and has taken an
active part in the affairs of the Lake
Seamen’s Union from the start. He
throws a good deal of light on these
contentions. For example, the daily
wages of heaters in rolling mills are
reported to be $6.62 in Ohio, $6.25 in
Pennsylvania and $3.21 in New York.
Rollers of iron and steel get per day
$10.69 in Ohio, $6.75 in New York.
Puddlers are paid $4.60 in Ohio, $3.56
in Pennsylvania and $3.50 in New
York. Coal miners get 53% cents a ton
in Alabama and $1.95 per day7 in Penn-
sylvania. Carpenters and joiners re-
ceive $4.52 a day in Montana, $3.40 in
Illinois. $3.80 in California, $2.80 in
Pennsylvania, $2.42 in Massachusetts,
$2.25 in New York, $2.22 in Ohio.
Bricklayers get $6 a day in Montana,
which is the maximum of those re-
ported for this country, and $3.53 in
New York, which is the minimum.
Cotton spinners receive $1.87 a day in
Massachusetts, which is the minimum,
not alone for this country, but for all
countries mentioned in the table. It
would be possible to extend these fig-
ures indefinitely, but those here cited
are sufficient to show that wages vary
very greatly in the different states of
the union. In some cases they are
more than 100 per cent higher in one
state than in another. Now the tariff
is just the same in all the states, so it
cannot and does not maintain a uni-
form scale of wages or anything ap-
proaching uniformity. The inevitable
inference is that wages are dependent
upon other conditions which are more
potent than the tariff. A compari-
son of wages in foreign countries
also throws a good deal of light upon
this question. Great Britain is called
a free trade country’ but this does not
apply to her colonies, which for that
reason may be left out of the question
for the present. We find that wages
in England are higher than in other
foreign countries where protection is
the rule. Thus rollers of iron and
steel get $2.49 a day in Great Britain,
$1.26 to $2.53 in France, 47 cents o
$1.90 in Germany and 39 cents in Auz-
tria-Hungary. Cotton spinners re-
ceive $1.38 to $1.62 in England, 68
cents to $1.35 in France, 69 to 94 cents
in Germany, 39 to 68 cents in Italy and
47 to 48 cents in Spain. In some in-
dustries the wages Tn England are
higher than they are in some parts
of the United States. In the case of
cotton spinners wages are higher in
Ticket Agent/Houston, Texas.
S. F. B. MORSE, Pacsenger Traffic
Manager, Houston, Texas. 1
It asks—yea, demands—- the co-operation of all wige-
( workers who believe in the principle of UNITY, and that
there is something better in life than long hours, low wages,
lack of employment, and all that these imply.
HIGHEST BRITISH WAGES,
The annual report of the Labor De-
partment of the British Board of
Trade represents the year 1900 as the
high-water mark of the working class-
es as regards increase in wages and
reduction of hours. It was the culmin-
ating period in the upward movement
which began in 1896. The official La-
bor Commissioner at London writes:
"Not only did the general level of
wages in the United Kingdom stand
higher at the end of 1900 than in any
other year for which statistics exist,
but the rate of increase during last
year was unprecedentedly high. If we
confine ourselves to the industries for
which it is possible to obtain definite
statistics, we find that no fewer than
; 1,112,684 workpeople, or about one-sev-
enth of the total employed, received
advances during the year amounting ta
no less than £212,000 per week, while
only 23,010 sustained decreases to the
unimportant amount of £2,800 per
week. The net weekly rise of £209,00C
compares with £91,000 in 1899 and
£81,000 in 1898. As in the two pre-
i .1UU REDRRATION J«. I
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Dee, T. W. Galveston Journal. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 4, No. 22, Ed. 1 Saturday, October 26, 1901, newspaper, October 26, 1901; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1416435/m1/2/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Rosenberg Library.