The Union Review (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 17, No. [18], Ed. 1 Friday, September 4, 1936 Page: 1 of 16
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Ohe LCnion Deview
VOL 17,
GALVESTON, TEXAS, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1936.
Subscription Price $1.50 Per Year
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHGHHGHHGHGHHHHHHHHHHG
Things To Forget To Remember
problems which progress has developed.
During the year
have increased in membership.
The trend toward business
tive years is loss of job.
of
B.
unions
recov-
Seaside Taxi Service, 2526 Ave.
W. T. Grant, 2528 Ave. B.
Sam J. Williams, 2602 Ave. B.
Texas Motors, 2604 Ave. B.
Official Organ of the
Galveston Labor
Cummings Beauty Shoppe, 2602 B.
Galveston Importing Co., 2608 Ave. B.
Island Motors, 2610 Ave. B.
Royal Confectionary, 2612 Ave. B.
Burns Distributing Co., 2614 Ave. B.
Central Drug Store, 2616 Ave. B.
Tremont Motors, 2618 Ave. B.
O. Del Papa, 2620 Ave. B.
Broadway Cash Store, 2622 Ave. B.
Pierson’s, 2624 Ave. B.
May, Inc., 2626 Ave. B.
E. S. Levy, 2628 Ave. B.
Galveston Ice Cream Co., 2700 Ave. B.
Analysis of Australian Boot and Shoe Industry Shows Ter-
rible Effect of Machinery on Workers — Output Is
Doubled, but Employers Cut Wages 30 Per Cent.
Council and Building
Trades
Iowa Labor Federation
Advocates 30-Hour Week.
Union Section, Facing West.
Typographical Union, 2427 Ave. B.
Stereotypers, 2425 Ave. B.
Printing Pressmen, 2421 Ave. B.
Meat Gutters, 2417 Ave. B.
Brewery Workers, 2413-09 Ave. B.
Hotel and Restaurant Employes, 2405
Ave. B.
Motion Picture Operators, 24’01 B.
Barbers, 2327 Ave. B.
Teamsters, 2325 Ave. B.
National Federation of Postal Clerks,
2321 Ave. B.
Switchmen, 2317 Ave. B.
Galveston Express Lodge, 2315 Ave. B.
Railway Trainmen, 2313 Ave. B.
Allisons Band, 2309 Ave. B.
Texas ICity Unions, 2309-01 Ave. B.
Seamens Union, 2424 Ave. B.
I. L. A. No. 1350, 2418 Ave. B.
1. L. A. No., 307, 2414 Ave. B.
I. L. A. No. 329 and Auxiliary, 2410-
02 Ave. B.
I. L. A. No. 1219, 2328 Ave. B.
I. L. A. No. 851 and Auxiliary, 2322-
14 Ave. B.
I. L. A. No. 1308, 2310-02 Ave. B.
Civic Section, Facing South.
Dorothy Rayner, 210 25th.
Shrine Band, 206 25th.
Chamber of Commerce, 202 25th.
Moody Interests, 128 25th.
Washington Bakery Drivers
Strike for Higher Wages
Chiseling Picture Shows
Hit by Kansas City Labor
LINE OF MARCH FOR
LABOR DAY PARADE
-ea.‘eme
Teefms
Union Rejects Profit-Sharing Scheme
as Substitute for Wages.
Forget each kindness that you do
As soon as you have done it;
Forget the praise that falls to you
The moment you have won it;
Forget the slander that you hear
Before you can repeat it;
Forget each slight, each spite, each sneer,
Wherever you may meet it.
Remember every kindness done
To you, whate’er its measure;
Remember praise by others won
And pass it on with pleasure;
Remember every promise made
And keep it to the letter;
Remember those who lend you aid
And be a grateful debtor.
Official Organ of Galveston Labor Council, Dock and Marine Council
and Affiliated Unions
Endorsed by the Texas State Federation of Labor
SHORTER HOURS SHOULD BE
VOICED AS UNEMPLOYMENT CURE
the extent that can reasonably expect-
ed, many injured workmen receiving
no benefits whatsoever.”
The convention voted endorsement
of Franklin D. Roosevelt for reelec-
tion as President of the United States,
following suggestion by President J.
C. Lewis, who presided at the sesions.
Sioux City was selected as the next
convention city, in 1937, over Dubuque
and Council Bluffs.
-----------o-----------
W T. Allen, Carpenters
Union Official, Is Dead
curity.
The spectre which haunts the wage earner
LOCAL VOICE
OF THE
This spectre takes on blacker terrors as
Labor Day 1936
By WILLIAM GREEN
President, American Federation of Labor.
+
through his produc-
Labor Day 1936 records a year of new achievements and new
/
AMER / AN
FEDEY/ION
OF r BOR
--/-------
'The continued mechanisation
Labor Day Dance and Entertainment Tokio 9g Sept. 7th og Big Labor Day Parade
Military Section.
Police Department, 25th & Mechanic.
Fort Crockett, 25th between B and C.
Saranac, 25th between B and IC.
Veterans of Foreign' wars, 25th be-
tween B and C.
American Legion, 25th beween B & C.
Boy Scouts, 25th between A and B.
County Commissioners, 25th between
A and B.
City Commissioners, 25th between A
and B.
Fire Department; 25th between A
and B.
Union Section, Facing South.
Galveston Labor Council, 228 25th.
Musicians, 224 25th.
Painters, 220 25th.
Sign Writers, 214 25th.
Sheet Metal Workers, 210 25th.
Plumbers, 206 25th.
Brick Layers, 202 25th.
Electrical Workers, 120 25th.
Engineers, Hoisting, 116 25th.
Carpenters, 110 25th.
Machinist, 106 25th.
Boilermakers, 102 25th.
A. F. of L. News Service.
Labor Day is the one day in the year
when working men and women lay
down their tools of labor for a gene-
ral holiday.
It is also an appropriate day for the
toilers to pledge themselves to renew-
ed efforts for the permanent removal
of the curse of unemployment which
has closed in on millions of able-
bodied workers and consigned them
and their families ta private and pub-
lic charity and temporary Federal
work relief for their support.
It is generally admitted by all but
our industrial and political Tories that
the wholesale introduction of labor-
displacing machinery and methods
without reduction of hours by those
who own and control industry is the
main cause of unemployment.
That this is true incontrovertibly
demonstrated by the Australian Work-
er in an article analyzing the results of
the continued application of machinery
and associated job-destroying schemes
in the boot and shoe industry of Aust-
ralia, which has been accompanied by
larger output and wage slashes forced
on labor by employers. The writer of
the article concludes that further de-
gradation of the- workers is inveitable
unless hours are drastically shortened.
Discussing the subject under the
heading “Driving Workers Out of
Their Jobs,” the article says:
A. F. of L. News Service.
Des Moines, Iowa.—The Iowa State
State Convention Wants Compensa-
tion Law Amended — Supports
Roosevelt’s Re-eleection.
ery is unmistakable. The administration of the Social Security Act
is in process of organization while the Judiciary threatens to nullify
our efforts to assure workers rights by legislation. The Social Se-
curity Act is a recognition of Society’s responsibility for providing
security from another source than property ownership. There are
many who have no opportunity to acquire sufficient property to
achieve security. For this large group income for emergencies
must be provided if they are to be relieved of the burden of inse-
Eagles Club,, 126 25th.
Elks Club, 122 25th.
Owls Club, 118 25th.
Rotary Club, 114 25th.
Beauticians Association, 110 25th.
Postal Telegraph, 106 25th.
Liberty Boys Club, 1'02 25th.
Pollyanna Exchange, 102 25th.
Civic Section, Facing East.
Star Dairy, 2501 Ave. B.
Davidsons, 2503 Ave. B.
Moody Press, 2505 Ave. B.
Dr. Pepper Bottling Co., 2515 Ave. B.
Paul Shean Co., 2517 Ave. B.
Silkensen & Co., 2519 Ave. B.
McCrory’s, 2523 Ave. B.
Kahn & Levy, 2525 Ave. B.
Hopkins Elec. Co., 2527 Ave. B.
Galveston-Houston Breweries, Inc.
2601 Ave. B.
Boosters Boys Band, 2603 Ave. B.
Eibands, 2605 Ave. B.
Chas. Newding, 2607 Ave. B.
Galveston Wharf Co., 2609 Ave. B.
Cotton Concentration Co., 2611 Ave. B.
Kauffman Meyers, 2613 Ave. B.
American Printing Co., 2615 Ave. B.
McBride’s, 2617 Ave. B.
News-Tribune, 2619 Ave. B.
Grand Prize Distributing Co., 2621 B.
Uneeda Laundry, 2623 Ave. B.
Sherwin Wiliams Co., 2625 Ave. B.
Star Flour Mills, 2627 Ave. B.
Model Laundry, 2502 Ave. B.
Dow & Co., 2504 Ave. B.
Clark Shoe Store, 2506 Ave. B.
Ellis Green Motor Co., 2508 Ave. B.
Rex Laundry, 251'0 Ave. B.
Model Dairy, 2512 Ave. B.
Schornstein's, 2514 Ave. B.
Island Cowboys, 2516 Ave. B.
Acme Messenger Servive, 2518 Ave. B,
Goodrich Silvertown Stores, 2520 B.
Leopold Shafer, 2522 Ave. B.
Coca Cola Bottling Co., 2524 Ave. B
A. F. of L. News Service.
Washington, D, C. —Twenty-six
driver-salemen, employed by Dutch
Baker Boy, Inc., here, members of
Bakery Salemen No. 33, are on strike
to enforce union recognition and
union pay, of $38 a week. Any settle-
ment, it is announced, must also in-
cude provision for the employment of
union bakers, members of Bakers’
Local No. 118, in the plant.
Trouble has been experienced with
the firm since early in 1935, at which
time an “impossible profit-sharing”
scheme was offered to workers in lieu
of wages. This offer was repeated at
the beginning of the present strike, but
promptly rejected.
It is pointed out that there are a
large number of union bakeries in
Washington, all of them paying the
standard union wage scale. To permit
anything less than definite union re-
the boot and shoe industry, involving
the speeding-up of production, the
rationing of employment, and the re-
sultant loss in wages, has seriously af-
fected the economic status of the
workers engaged in the' industry.
Thousands Deprived of Jobs.
“Officials of the Boot Trade Em-
ployees’ Union state that during the
last few years labor-saving machines
have displaced thousands of operatives.
“Although production has increased
enormously, the wage-rates of those
workers who are still in employment
has slumped to an alarming extent. It
is stressed that unless there is a sub-
stantial increase in wage-rates, to-
gether with a reduction of working
hours and an improvement in the con-
ditions of labor generally, the in-
dustry will soon approch a state of
economic chaos.
Output Boosted, Wages Cut.
‘Six years ago wood-heeler in the
industry was .paid 6 pounds a week,
and was expected to fashion 40 pairs
of shoes daily. Today he receives 4
pounds and 1 shilling, and is set the
task of making75 pairs of shoes per
day. Thus, while the output on the
machine has almost doubled, wages
have dropped by over 30 per cent.
“A worker engaged cutting felt slip-
pers three years ago received 6 pounds
per week for a daily machine output
Philadelphia, Pa. (AFLNS).—W. T.
Allen, a member of the general execu-
tive board of the United Brotherhood
of. Carpenters and Joiners of America,
died here June 7 after an illness ex-
tending over six months. He had
been a member of the board for 11
years, but was unable to attend either
of the last two sessions held in Febru-
ary and May.
The funeral services were attended
by Frank Duffy, general secretary of
the brotherhood, and George H. La-
key, first general vice-president.
This will be the official line-up of the parade for Labor Day,
September 7th, 1936. You are requested to be in line if possible
by 9 :15 A. M., as the parade will start promptly at 9 :55 A. M. Also
you will note the official route of the parade.
Official Route of the Parade.
25th and Mechanic at 10 o'clock A. M.; south on 25th to Mar-
ket; east on Market to 20th; south on 20th to Postoffice: west on
Postoffice to 23rd; south on 23rd to Broadway; west on Broadway
to 26th ; east on Broadway to 20th ; north on 20th to Court House.
Disband.
Federation of Labor, in annual con-
vention here, unanimously adopted a
(resolution advocating the 30-hour
work week, for which the American
Federation of Labor has been con-
tending as a means of spreading em-
ployment and bringing many other
advantages to the workers and to the
nation.
The convention declared that “every
honorable means” of advancing the.
rights of organized labor, because of
unfavorable Supreme Court decisions
on social security legislation, should
be attemped. An amendment to the
Iowa Workmen’s 'Compensation Law
was also demanded in a resolution
-which averred that the present law
“does not benefit injured workmen to
congnition and the actual payment of
I the established union wage scale by
Dutch Baker Bay, Inc., would amount
to discrimination against several large
employers who have always been fair
to their employes and the public alike.
All of the District’s 160 labor or-
ganizations, with 106,000 members,
are lining up in support of the bakery
salesmen, which has the formal ap-
proval of ithe Washington' Centrkl
Labor Union.
A. F. of L. News Service.
“ Kansas City, Mo.--- Seventeen
“neighborhood” picture theatres in
Kansas City and its surburbs, who
have refused thus far to employ union
operators, are reported as feeling the
effects of a campaign by organized
labor, directed against movie chisel-
ing and in favor of fair employers.
Local Union No. 170, Movie Picture
Machine Operatars, is directing the
campaign, in which they are being
supported by labor in general.
the worker grows older and faces inability to secure other jobs. The
Social Security Act attempts to relieve the major emergencies; it
provides:
Federal old age benefits to which employers and employes con-
tribute jointly in addition to Federal subsidies to matching state
old age pensions provisions up to $15 per person;
Federal financial incentives to states to enact unemployment
compensation iaws;
Federal plans for public assistance to widows and dependent
children, croppled children, and for blind persons;
Federal grants to states for public health work. As a result,
fifteen states now have unemployment compensation acts, thirteen
of which have been approved by the Social Security Board, and every
state has increased the security provided its residents, taking ad-
vantage of at least one opportunity offered by the Social Security
Act. This is a remarkable achievement for so short a time. It is
Labor’s hope and ambition to secure legislation to enable every state
to participate fully in all types of Federal aid offered by this meas-
ure. These constructive legislative enactments constitute the be-
ginning of a constructive plan to assure to every citizen an income
to provide the necessaries of life under all eventualities. When
there is a measure of economic security so that persons are sure of
shelter, food and clothing, freedom takes on new meaning.
It would be well if our Labor Day celebration included plans
for a development of a fully rounded security program in every state
efficienty administered with Labor’ co-operation. Labor should
take the initiative in the legislative program and then must be ready
to follow closely admnistrative policies and procedure. Unless this
program is administered as a right of Labor it becomes a mere re-
lief program which does not make for freedom.
In addition to our opportunity to advance social security, we
face a responsibility to all, unemployed wage earners. It is obvious
that recovery for business is at hand but reemployment of the un-
employed is not keeping pace with the increase in business activity
or the recovery profits. For those who are employed we must se-
cure higher wages and shorter hours. The steady rise in business
activity and profits indicates the opportuneness of demands for
higher standards. The rise in the costs of living make such de-
mands imperative.
We face, in addition, the serious program of extending out pro-
vision for unemployed so that there may be normal opportunities for
those excluded from existing business by technical progress There
again the labor movement must insist upon equal opportunities for
all in our new economic environment.
We face another phase of Labor’s age-long struggle for freedom
under all conditions. Unless the labor movement does its part, the
results will be serious for our Nation, for the labor movement is es-
sential to balance in both our economic and our political progress.
We have seen in other countries that the downfall of free labor
movements has always presaged the loss of civil liberties.
We are upon a critical period in world affairs as well as in our
own country so that our first concern should be the strenghtening
and advancement of our organizzed labor movement, that the workers
as well as all society may be safeguarded and bettered. Organization
is the first step in progress and is essential to maintain existing
gains.
May organization be our continuous concern. Upon the rank and file
of workers as well as union officers rests responsibility for taking
advantage of opportunities and of solving our probems. May each
and every member of organized labor be ready and alert to do his
full part for our common advancement.
of 600 to 65'0 pairs. The present wage
is 4 pounds per week, and the daily
output has been speeded up to between
1250 and 1500 pairs. Here, again, the
wages have fallen by over 30 per cent,
while the output has' more than
doubled.
Soles Output Increased 400 Per Cent.
“Three years ago a worker operat-
ing a consolidated lasting machine was
paid 5 pounds and ten shillings per
week, and produced 400 pairs per day.
The present wage is 4 pounds and 1
shilling, and production has more than
doubled. Sole-cutters received 5
pounds and 12 shillings six years ago,
and cut 1000 pairs of soles per day.
The wage is now down 4 pounds and
1 shilling per week, while the daily
output Ihas been speeded up to 2000
pairs of soles.
“Other specific instances of speed-
ing-up, linked with reduced wages,
are: Insoles, from 1000 to 2000 pairs
per day; cutting of pump soles, from
900 to 1700 pairs per ,day; buffing
from 800 to 1200 pairs per day; paint-
ing bottoms of finished shoes, from
750 to 1200 pairs per day.
Labor Cost Reduced .
“In 1925-26 the number of employes
in the industry totaled 20,911, and the
gross production was 15,318,000 pairs
of footwear—an average per employe
of 732.5 pairs. The average labor cost
was 4 shillings and 2 3/10 pence per
pair.
“In 1933-34 the number of employes
had dropped to 15,960, production had
increased to 19,675,765 pairs, the out-
put per employe average 1254 ,pairs
and the labor cost was reduced to 2
shillings and 4/10 of 1 penny per pair.
“In other words, while the average
output per employe increased by over
40 per cent, the labor cost -was reduced
by over 50 per cent.
Hours Must Be Decreased.
“At the present time the boot and
shoe factories in the Commonwealth
are supplying 98 per cent of the home
market. Since the volume of-local pro-
duction cannot be further expanded,
because of the limited market, any
further intensification of machine pro-
duction must mean the displacement
of more workers from the industry.
“Already many of the factories are
working only parttime, or closing
down for lengthy periods during the
year. It is estimated that with the
pi esent machinery available, it would
need Australian population of some-
where around twenty millions to keep
all the boot and shoe workers in full-
time vork.
" These facts show very conclusively
that unless machine production is off-
set by a shorten ng of the working
week, plus an appreciable lift-up in
wages-rates, the position of the work-
ers in the industry will be a tragical
one indeed.”
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The Union Review (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 17, No. [18], Ed. 1 Friday, September 4, 1936, newspaper, September 4, 1936; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1416845/m1/1/: accessed July 11, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Rosenberg Library.