The Dallas Craftsman (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 33, No. 39, Ed. 1 Friday, October 6, 1944 Page: 2 of 4
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J
THE DALLAS CRAFTSMaN
Facing the Facts
t
With PHILIP PEARL
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JAPANESE STILL STRONG
The General was
addressing "or-
ganized
cells,” or what labor calls
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1001 COMMERCE ST.
PHONE C-7775
DALLAS, TEXAS, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1944
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GEN. MARSHALL PRAISES AMERICAN EQUIPMENT .
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AUTHORITY OF
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ADVOCATED
Labor Temple
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DALLAS, TEXAS
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HERSHEY HAILS PRODUCTION RECORD
RECONVERSION PLANNING GETS GREEN LIGHT
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The Dallas Craftsman
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Letter Heads, Envelopes
Membership Applications
Working Cards, By-Laws
Dues Books, or any class
of printing pertaining to
the business of your local.
Bellinger Praises
Aircraft and "
Shipyard Workers
Don’t walk on or under loaded cranes and hoists.
Don’t jump from ladders, platforms, or moving vehicles.
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Praetorians
The Oldest Texas Life Insurance in the State.
Insurance for the whole family, on easy payment plan.
A Dallas institution doing business from coast to coast.
Tire Shortage
Hinders Logging
Byrnes Asks for
Jobless Benefits
Hone But Anthenticated
Labor Publications
a
Are Permitted to Dispay
Thia TLPA Emblem
“Meet Your Friends Where Your Friends Meet”
THE CLUB ROOM
COLD BEER—SOFT DRINKS—SANDIWCHES
Noonday Lunches Our Specialty
The WMC has approved the assignment of planning engi-
neers and technicians for blueprinting the reconversion of the
nation s industries, so that plans for resumption of civilian pro-
duction will be ready the minute that manpower, facilities, and
materials not needed for war production become available.
. The work of a relatively insignificant number of techni-
cians will shorten the time needed to get civilian production un-
derway and make way for the employment of a large number
of workers. For example, he said, it'is estimated that the as-
signment of less than 200 technicians to planning in a single
plant employing 16,000 workers may affect the employment of
a half million workers immediately following the end of war in
Europe.
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97 J a
Published by the REILY PUBLISHING COMPANY
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Office: Ground Floor of labor Tewplo, 1787 YoaM _________
Mail Addrezz, Post Office Box 887, Telephone C-1805
EEMS OF SUBSCRIPTION AND ADVERTISING RATES
One _______MM Advertising Bates Famished on Applicattoa
Entered at the Fostoffiee at Dallas, Texas, as second-class mall matter
under the Act of March 8, 1878.
R
s‘
10. Cut out horseplay and practical jokes.
11. Wear the right clothes on the job.
9
243,848 WAR PRISONERS HELD IN U. S.
A total of 243,848 prisoners of war were being held in 125
base camps and 243 branch camps in the United States on Sep-
tember 1, the War Department reports. This number included
192,846 Germans 50,272 Italians and 730 Japanese.
' da • JHi • - V
ROCKET SECRETS REVEALED
The War Department has revealed details on some of the
rockets, launchers and propellants now in widespread use and
formerly classified as secret.
It was disclosed that the most widely used U. S. rockets
are the 2.56-inch fired from the ground by a launcher nick-
named the “bazooka,” and the 4.5 inch rocket commonly pro-
pelled from planes and vehicles, or sometimes propelled from
the ground by the M12 launcher. A variation of the 2.36-inch
launcher is the folding bazooka on which a 61-inch tube is brok-
in into two parts for easier carrying.
The bazooka, designed primarily for anti-tank use and suc-
cessful in knocking out even the giant German Tiger Tanks, has
been perfected to such an extent that it can be used effectively
against machine gun nests, pillboxes, and even fortified houses.
It is handled by a two-man team, loader and gunner, and, weigh-
ing little more than an ordinary rifle, can be used everywhere.
The Germans have referred to it as mobile cannon and one Nazi
commander coming up against bazookas for the first time, said
as he surrendered his entire tank column, “When you fire six-
inch guns at us, it’s time to quit.”
The War Department describes rockets as complete guns
within themselves—“ammunition without ordnance; the soul of
artillery, without the body. Powder (known as the propellant)
is electrically ignited in the tube of the rocket and generates
gases which expand and propel the rocket to its destination..
The rocket launchers are long tubes with battery attachment
which ignite the propellant.
The advantages of rockets are their firepower and mobil-
ity. Since they are launched from light, mobile and inexpensive
devices which can be loaded into a jeep and rushed into action,
or be put on a plane without adding excessive weight, rockets
can go places heavy artillery cannot, and throw a comparable
amount of ammunition.
Their disadvantages are their comparative inaccuracy, the
problems of manufacturing stable propellants which will not
ignite accidentally and dependable arming devices which will
not set off fuses on schedule. *
The Dallas Eraftsman represents the true trade union movement, .voleing
the nspirations and achlevments of the American Federatlon ef Lebor. B
does not represent the Bolshevik, L W. W,, Anarchistie, Radical, or any other
movement infurious to the penoe and stability of American institutions. It is
tor America, first and last, and for the honest, moral, upright, courageous
and tree trade unions all the time.
Washington.—With current short-
ages of heavy-duty truck tires as the
most serious threat to log and lumber
production at present, WLB has is-
sued a conservation guide for tires for
the use of the lumber industry.
the underground movement. The nu-
cleus of that movement in Germany
—as well as Italy, France Belgium
and Holland—was the surviving
remnants of organized labor which
bad escaped Hitler’s clutches and
gone into temporary hiding.
Through the long years of oppres-
sion, suffering and slavery, these un-
derground movements have been kept
alive and functioning with help from
the trade unions of this country.
Funds and printing presses and radio
equipment were secretly smuggled in-
to occupied Europe by American la-
bor in order to pave the way for in-
ternal revolution against Hitler at the
appropriate time.
AntoninFs Role
The full story of the anti-Hitler un-
derground in Europe and its relations
with American labor cannot yet be
told. But it can be remarked in pass-
ing that among those who publicly
condemned these activities of Ameri-
can labor, which are now proving so
beneficial to the cause of victory, was
Westbrook Pegler.
One of the American Labor leaders
who was extremely active in main-
taining contact and supplying help to
the underground in Europe is Luigi
Antonini, Vice President of the In-
ternational Ladies Garment Workers
Union and chairman of the Italian-
American Labor Council.
Mr. Antonini is now in Italy as a
representative of the American Fed-
eration of Labor to investigate the ex-
tent to which American labor can now
give further help to the workers of
Italy in organizing a free trade union
which will serve as a buttress for de-
mocracy in that country during the
post-war period.
For many years, while things look-
ed darkest, Mr. Antonini directed ef-
forts to smuggle aid to the anti-Fas-
cist forces in Italy. You will remem-
ber, perhaps, that when the time came
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AUTHORITY OF
EaGXRMRNC
THE DALLAS CRAFTSMAN
Issued Every Friday
MRS. W. M. REuLY, Publisher R. I. MeILWAIE, Advertising Mgr.
WALLACE REILLY, Editor
Washington.—In a broadcast com-
memorating the 31st anniversary of
Naval Aviation on August 30, Vice
Admiral Bellinger, Commander Air
Force, Atlantic Fleet, paid tribute to
the workers behind the ships and
planes which are smashing the Nazi
in the Battle of the Atlantic.
"We have seventy CVE’s (small es-
cort carriers) in service,” said the
Admiral. "From their decks fly the
sturdy Avenger bombers and fleet
Wildcat fighter planes, both of them
valiant veterans of the Navy’s Air
War. To the men and women who
have labored tirelessly to produce
these ships and planes we give our
most earnest thanks.”
Admiral Bellinger warned that al-
though many victories have been won
the enemy is far from through. "The
Battle of the Atlantic is still in vio-
lent progress," he reported, "and
taing about it now would merely
help the enemy. But I would like to
pay a tribute to the men and tools
a position or to a position of like seniority, status, and pay. I
“The law goes further to protect the veteran after he has
been restored to his job. When he returns to the payroll:
“I. He shall be considered as having been on furlough or
leave of absence during his period of service;
“2. He shall be restored without loss of seniority;
“3. He shall he entitled to participate in insurance or other
benefits offered by the employer pursuant to established rules
and practices relating to employes on furlough or leave of ab-
sence in effect with the employer at the time such person en-
tered military or naval service, and
“4. He shall not be discharged from such position without
cause for one year after restoration.
wdhesdhdanhnemsL"MMMas
General George C. Marshall, speaking at the annual Amer-
ican Legion convention in Chicago, credited the abundance and
excellence of American equipment with a major part in the suc-
cess of our armies in Europe. He detailed the Allied policy of
keeping combat divisions at full strength, revealing that “battle
casualties and missing material in trucks, tanks and guns are
usually made good within twenty-four hours. On the German
side of the line, divisions dwindling in strength and gradually
losing their heavy equipment, always find themselves beset by
full American teams whose strength never seems to vary.” The
demoralizing effect of this unceasing flow of the products of
American workers is evident in the continuing “strategic re-
treats’* of the Nazi lines.
General Marshall said that “t is very important to keep in
mind that we have reached a crucial stage of the war. The size
and fury of the attacks must constantly increase. The pressure
on the enemy must not be eased for a single moment until his
last squad is battered into a state of helplessness.” He ex-
plained that until recently it had been necessary to short-ship
field comanders’ orders for bombs and shells and expressed
gratification for production increases that indicate that The ra-
tioning of such military necessities may soon be unnecessary.
Pleading against any relaxation of war effort or tendency
to turn to other considerations because of a feeling that victory
is near. General Marshall expressed complete confidence in the
success of our military efforts, “provided we can have steady
backing on this side of the ocean until the cessation of hostilities
is actually announced.”
General Marshall called war “the most terribly tragedy of
the human race” and characterized as the only bright side the
fact that the success of our armies and equipment on the battle-
field may teach would-be tyrants of the future the lesson of
“the power of our great democracy and the willingness of its
people to defend the principles of freedom.” He warned against
falling for Axis attempts to plant dissension between our Al-
lies and us, and called upon America to “finish this terrible
business as a great team, and then resolve the conflicting peace-
time interests with something of the orderly procedure which
has enabled us to compose our difference in the much more dif-
ficult business of conducting a global war.”
which have fought this battle so
well."
After praising the civilians who
have equipped the Fleet, Admiral Bel-
linger added:
“I want to pay a tribute to the of-
ficers and men of these small car-
riers—those who stand the long Hig-
ils -night and day; those who work
around the clock maintaining the air-
craft in fighting form; those who han-
dle and arm the planes on the flight
deck in the foulest of weather; and,
of course, the pilots and aircrewmen
themselves.
“And last but not least I want to
pay tribute to the men of the Fleet
Air Wings, the men who, closer to
shore, have done equally effective
work. Their part of the job required
a continuous grind of day and night
flying—of constant, relentless effort
in all'kinds of weather and under all
kinds of handicaps. I am sure that
when this story can at least be told it
will prove to be one of the most stir-
ring episodes in the annals of the
United States Navy."
ISSUED
REGISTERED Qe-
ARMY TIRES MUST BE REPLACED
Every month, four out of every hundred tires on Army
trucks and artillery carriers must be replaced, the War Depart-
ment reveals.
. L. _____^4 J-a-L.
I
America’s fighting forces are now
discovering that they have important
allies within the territory of the oc-
cupied countries of Europe and even
inside Nazi Germany itself.
This was officially disclosed by Gen.
Dwight D. Eisenhower in issuing in-
structions to workers inside Germany
to take “immediate action according
to the prearranged plan.”
-/
Save On ----
MOUND CITY PAINTS AND VARNISHES
MECHANICS TOOLS — HARDWARE
GARDEN SUPPLIES ’
WESTON HARDWARE CO.
H. P. HORSIEY, Pres.
“Over 50 Years in Dallas”
1021 ELM STREET PHONE C-5126
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these underground forces struck
against Mussolini’s regime, deposed
the Italian dictator and made peace
with the United Nations forces, thus
making the task of invading Italy that
much easier.
It can truthfully be said that the
successful uprising of the Italian un-
derground saved many American lives.
American labor deserves a share of
credit for that result.
The Time-Bomb
The amazingly rapid liberation of
France by the Allied armies also was
materially helped by the French un-
derground. Frank Fenton, AFL Di-
rector of Organization, recently re-
turned from a visit to the battlefields
of France. He reported that the sur-
vivors of the French labor movement
had formed the spearhead of the
French underground which went into
action and demoralized the Nazis from
the rear while they tried to defend
themselves against our invasion
forces.
The same story held true in Belgium
and Holland. And, if we are any
judge it will also turn out that way
when the final plunge into Germany
is launched.
The key to the situation in Ger-
many is the fact that millions of im-
ported foreign workers are now em-
ployed there—slave workers who hate
Hitler more than they love life. Nazi
fears of these hostile workers have
come out into the open recently. The
German people have been warned to
beware of a stab in the back .from
them. Nazi leaders admit many of
these slave workers have deserted
the factories and are now hiding in
the woods. Gen. Eisenhower dis-
closes now that these underground
forces have been supplied with arms
and ammunition.
This potential time-bomb inside
Germany is now ticking away and at
the right moment—the moment when
the Allied armies crash through Hit-
ler fortifications from the front—
it will explode in Hitler’s rear.
Speaking before the Buffalo Chamber of Commerce, Maj.
Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, Director of Selective Service, said that
American production of munitions and war supplies “has as-
tounded the world.” He congratulated war workers, manage-
ments and farmers for “their tireless efforts—their loyal en-
deavor.’’
Draft boards have suplied the men needed by the armed
forces without disrupting war production or food output, Her-
shey said. The job ahead of Selective Service, he said, is to con-
tinue to induct men in accordance with the demobilization plans
of the armed forces and to assist veterans in returning to civ-
ilian employment.
“As for the veteran who wants his old job back,” Hershey
said, “the law provides that he is entitled to reinstatement in
his former position or in one of like seniority, status, and pay,
provided:
“1. Such position was in the employ of a private employer,
the United States Government, its territories or possessions, or
the District of Columbia;
“2. Such position was not a temporary one;
“3. He left the position subsequent to May 1,1940, to enter
upon active military or naval service in the land or naval forces
of the United States;
“4. He satisfactorily completed the period of training and
service and received a certificate to that effect;
“5. He is still qualified to perform the duties of such posi-
tion ; •
“6. He makes application for re-employment within forty
days after he is relieved from service, and
‘ “7. If such position is in the employ of a private employer,
the employer’s circumstances have not so changed as to make
it impossible or unreasonable to reinstate the veterans to such
pose.
"I still hope the Congress will re-
consider its action in rejecting the
plan suggested by me that the max-
num weekly benefit should not be
less than a stated percentage of the
workers’ previous wages or *20,
whichever is the lewer, should be
paid for as long as twenty-six weeks
and the coverage be extended to in-
clude workers where the number of
employes is less than eight.”
Several "influential members” of
Congress informed him that they did
not want to consider before election
a big liberalizing unemployment ben-
efits for fear it would be considered
"bidding for votes,” Byrnes said.
^8
E95
Washington.—“Unemployment com-
pensatioh is our first line of defense
against unemployment,” War Mo-
bilization Director James F. Byrnes
said in his report to President Roose-
velt in which he recommended that
Congress reconsider its rejection of
his plan for liberalizing unemploy-
ment benefits.
The present weekly benefits were
established several years prior to the
war.
“If they were inadequate then,
they are inadequate now," Byrnes de-
clared.
"The State systems have during the
war. as a result of increased contribu-
tions and reduced expenditures, ac-
cumulated reserves of five and one-
half billion dolalrs. That is fortunate.
But the objective of the system is to
provide a defense against unemploy-
ment, and not merely to accumulate
money. The States should act now
to liberalize the benefits and make
the State systems serve their true pur-
.. ’
Can you afford to be hurt?
The cost of on-the-job aaccidents is measured in time lost
from the job—doctor bills—and possibly serious disabilities that
cut down future earning power.
Last year 2,395,600 men and women were injured in indus-
trial accidents. Another 18,400 workers were killed.
Accidents cost workers 270.000,000 days of lost time—
equivalent to a year’s work of 900,000 workers.
They cost the nation 12,000,000,000.
To be on the safe side, OWI urges workers to observe these
precautions.
1. Check all equipment regularly, in line with instructions.
2. Take no chances.
3. Use the guards with which the machine is provided.
4. Use proper safety clothing and equipment for the job
-—helmet, respirators, shoes, and the like.
5. Keep workplace, materials, machines and tools orderly
and in good repair." Good housekeeping reduces accidents.
6. Wear goggles, if the job requires it.
T. Lift with your legs and arms—not your back.
munommmsnmAMMM
Military authorities look upon on and a half to two years
after the defeat of Germany as the absolute minimum of time
the war,with Japan will last, the OWI stated in a report on the
status of the Pacific war.
Over-all military plans, including those concerned with war
production, are based on the assumption that it may take years,
rather than months, to defeat Japan, the OWI said.
Balancing th military, -preductive and psychological
strength of Japan against that of the Allied nations, the OWI
listed, as one of the factors favoring Japan, that the psycholog-
ical effect of the end of the German war might favor the Japa-
nese rather than the allies. For the United States, defeat of
Germany will mean a half-way point has been reached in the
global war and will wring extensive changes in the war economy,
which might induce a let-down in effort and Jmorale, OWI
pointed out.
Among other factors favoring Japan, the OWI cited the tre-
mendous problem of shipping supplies to the Pacific theatre
over such distances that it takes a supply ship 30 to 45 days to
reach Hawaii, 90 to 150 days to reach Australia. While our own
supply lines become more extended, Japan is operating on in-
creasingly shorter lines of supply. The Allies must secure bases
within striking distance of Japan’s home islands—our new
bases in the Marianas are 1,500 statute miles from her shores.
Japan’s industries are as yet beyond the range of frequent air
attack.
The Foreign Economics ’Administration, reports that
Japan is capable of increasing her production of almost every
category of war equipment and military supplies.
Also on the side of the Japanese, the OWI said, is their de-
termination to fight to the bitter end. Joseph Ga Grew, former
Ambassador to Japan, predicts that the Japanese will not crack.
“They will not crack mborally or psychologically or economical-
ly, even when eventual defeat stares them in the face,” he said.
“Only by utter physical destruction or utter exhaustion of their
men and materials can they be defeated.” Instead of weaken-
ing, the Japanese expect to drag out the war so long, and make
the Allies pay so dearly that the Allies will grow tired and ac-
cept a negotiated peace.
“There is no question in the minds of American authorities
that the Allies will defeat Japan,” the OWI said in its report.
First of the factors favoring the Allies, the OWI said, was
the huge Allied war production. The United States alone pro-
duces 8,000 combat planes a month as contrasted with Japan’s
estimated production of 1,400 or 1,500 planes a month—a rate
just about sufficient to make up for the number destroyed in
combat. Sinking of Japanese ships are estimated at 1,600,000
tons a year, and calculations are that Japan’s ship construction
does not exceed 1,000,000 tons a year. »
In the main, Japan has failed to capitalize fully on its con-
quests since Pearl Harbor, OWI concluded. Primarily the meas-
ure of Japan’s war production is the capacity of its pre-Pearl
Harbor industrial plant rather than the raw material resources
of its present conquests.
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Reilly, Wallace. The Dallas Craftsman (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 33, No. 39, Ed. 1 Friday, October 6, 1944, newspaper, October 6, 1944; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1549601/m1/2/: accessed July 12, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; .