Labor Messenger (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 23, No. 34, Ed. 1 Friday, November 15, 1946 Page: 2 of 4
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*5^
Friday
Friday, November 15, 1946
Page 2
(
I
Houston Labor Messenger Jhe
By ARNOLD 8. ZANDER
coun-
1948, to their former or substan-
Anton Bozon.
NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC
pie will back the co-ops they can
Truman is now moving in that di- leeted group of industries
was con-
tin rlrn or opimdoma o«
On that point the trial examiner
AT CLOSE TO $400,000,000
The Peace Treaties
BULANCE ATTENDANT
AM
I
Rome
friend perceived an opportunity and
PAINTING OR REPAIRS
low rates if
of doing something for others.
JAMES BUTE COMPANY
Fairfax 9371
McKinney and Caroline
2
TUCC itself will be making those I
rites for him should be held—be-| certifications. So it is easy to see
hn‘
Gives you Prestiye too!
thi
of
A
it will take a long time to eat it
&
(
«tj
g-)
‘K4V
; (,
by George L. Googe, director of the
7
'ion movement is placed in legis-
lative chains, American industry
will not be able to escape equally ;
seeking to organise workers in
il
the nation this week—thia time by
demanding an immediate end to
the free enterprise of industry also <
will be menaced. One cannot survive >
One In Four Auto
W orkers Is V et
felt that the scene of his labors ,
should be the place where the last |
AFL ASKS PROSECUTION
OF GEORGIA MOBSTERS
WHO BEAT ORGANIZER
By IRVIN R. KUENZLI
Secretary of the American
Federation of Teachers
local law enforcement agencies for i
“vigorous prosecution” of those re-
sponsible for the beating was made
nitely avoided dictatorships and re-
tained their democratic freedoms.
These countries have avoided indus-
cost of living may begin moving
downward. If we can prevent a sud-
co- 49 -OP
For Information Write
aiff L Bauman
for him, you begin to see the deal.
The TUCO has rule* that the
By JOSEPH D. KEENAN
Secretary of the Chicago
Federation of Labor
A
of Labor, which declared the as-
sault was committed by members
of a mob at Thomaston, Ga.
Immediate demand upon the De-
herding us away from democracy
and freedom.
In the histories of various Euro-
pean nations we find that only the
I Scandinavian countries have defi-
stifling a free economy.
Before President Truman inform-
sible for
ondenta.
tives and their non-profit method of
true free enterprise can release our
country from the grip of monopoly
and wealth, the two foes of democ-
racy. You have only the choice of
democratic cooperatives or another
repetition of history.
National Bank of Commeree
OF HOUSTON
the “Middle Way," the democratic
way.
REALLY TOUGH
Diner—This is a small piec
steak you have given me.
worke
ago.
White
meeti
closer
cancel
dictio
know
presic
porte ।
sist E
give 1
He al
half c
feren
Galve
’ the n
Sund
Thi
ed by
adopt
same
affili
confe
“R
go 01
path:
grap
strik
port,
their
urge
poss
to th
expl
tisin
C
guards against
THEFT AND LOSS!
Before it becomes necessary to make repairs uee
MASURY PURE PAINTS
school janitor. They held the serv
ers from being heartlessly thrown :
I into a scrap heap like unwanted I
. bits of machinery.
The convention also recommended |
policy of appeasement because even
partial surrender to injustice would ’ posed and defeated
Why make the rounds to stores and post office,
paying bills, getting money orders? National
Bank of Commerce has made it so easy to sit
down at home, make out your checks—and
then let Uncle Sam do the footwork for you.
under the Act of March 3, 1879.
02
WeFioht Reaction
newspapers.
The companies contended it was
but you’ll find : ough investigation of gas and the
... .... :__a- ____+. te t.
or a new principle since the Middle
Ages, since the development of for-
eign trade. Today’s business prin-
ciples are that of age-old greed.
Every other line of human endeavor
, has profited by experience, but
businessmen are running our demo-
ever received came because
at the service.
The other funeral was that of a
as a result of a beating about the
face with a blackjack. He said the
union man was also “kicked, knifed
and his clothing was almost com-
pletely cut from his body during
the attack *
FOGLE WEST INC
Ambulance Service
1903 McKinney . FAIGFAX 1177
ness has not had an improvement
saw no hope for relief except by about 592,500 workers were em-
making a new start and cutting the ployed in August, 154,000 of them
nation's economy free from restric- veterans.
EX
Gulf
Type
The r
Coast T
Port Ar
be remi
tended,
did a sv
delegate
It wi
and a s
sumptio
for the
crafts o
some in
ent fror
ing ove
cussing
their m
The
rived ar
Pleasur
food dil
quet sty
The I
to orde
Neeb, J
retary-t
$126.71
ed, sut
auditing
Gal vest
esting r
the cor
that Gi
and $6:
smooth!
tional
Ballard
gate, re
im parte
private!
called u
internal
the rep
Mrs. M
a nice 1
active i
label. 5
report
Label I
ly in St
48 will
Coast
fact thi
paid ac
that e
done. .
terestir
87. He
small d
due to
yorkin
Mr. Ba
conclud
Housto
Housto
regardi
clause
shop p
reading
bers. M
continu
confere
mont <
scale n
in Bea
is exp
secrets
Union,
of the
stated
ful foi
financi
unions
this ar
Port A
for No
ident c
uted $
fund, :
untari
per m
mont i
Oth
constr
presid
White
concili
Port
White
al ca
graph
but n<
mont
ported as $263,917,666,707, but that respondents (companies) are in er-
figure did not take into account a ror in claiming that the strike was
$2,000,000,000 cash redemption of caused by the union’s ‘refusal "
I____.ti:ec ..L:.k motrad Nnvem- I . ___X— , A1L.L +h. nninn x
without the other. If the trade un-
2s) 98)
refused to approve an
Give your wife and yourself the prestige of
a checking account. The benefits are great.
You will find this long established bank friendly
to do business with, a helpful source of counsel.
Why not drop in today? Ina few minutes we
will arrange your checking account.
purpose of preventing depressions
and protecting disemployed work-
816
.‘9
OPA law and adopted a measure bulk of the industry. In 9 of 14 se-
which made a mockery of price con- leeted industries surveyed veterans
Then, by a unanimous vote, the I trol and, foreed the cost of living made up, than 20 per,centof tially equivalent employment
. ' J ... . . —sn az-g constantly higher. the total employment. In automo-
e.
r MAKES YOU GOOD CREDIT
' RISK.. ESTABLISHES
IDENTITY!
Under the cirmustances, labor bile and
ence, the facts show tnat it was as tended a college economics class
all times ready to bargain on that knows the history and has had the
warning. And yet they stagger on,
j tion called upon the next Congress
] to adopt a national system of health
insurance—something that is badly
aa
____— -____ There are two ways of combat-
will determine the wage pattern of i ting reactionary forces within our
Texas' working men in years to country—one by defending our free |
come. institutions against attack and
\ H
I
F
!
truck manufacturing,
fidence is sweeping the nation. ing and aircraft industries, where
In labor’s opinion, fears of wide-; they constituted one-fourth of total
spread price inflation will prove employment.
groundless. In fact, we expect that ______________—
onca price controls are removed, the FEDERAL DEFICIT IS SET
A . npw war and could 112.000’000’000 cash redemption of I caused by the union’s ‘refusal to tion, bound for the Hitlerite rocks
heveroprov a secure foundation for | which mataredn Nomama baresin-’althouehtrhe qneonsewa oetatgcnt businessman who at
cratie ship of state aground
through blind passion of exploita-
which are
। Government controls
provements in keeping up with the der of the day. Only the Coopera-
needs of mankind, but profit busi-
UNCLE SAM DOES YOUR
FOOTWORK for IOU
We do not hold ourselves
। trialist fostered fascism by the
| democratic process of individual
thinking and reasoning. The people
of these countries have disregarded
the high-powered advertising and
monopoly controlled press of the
producers and have independently
realised that they are first and al-
■ ways consumers. As consumers,
these common people took things
into their own hands and organized
Consumer Cooperatives. Through
There are some people whose i TUCC. cc
first question, when any proposal is But on November 6, the USES
advanced, is: will be returned to Texas, and it
What is there in it for me ’ will!become merely * branch ofthe
These people do not believe that TUCC. As such, its.work ef
a man will do anything unless hering workers to 3obsw besnder
expects to reap a financial benefit the direction of the2.TUCe: and et
for him«lf. cept for the fact thiat. he.faderal
1 government pays the bill, and sets
•— - few general rules, the TUCC Paris Peace
thought of me as the man for the
opening. That was a disinterested employer* get very
act, a service rendered to a friend, their records show that few u£m
employes ever get on the unem-
When you do something Eenerousployment compensation rolls. So it
and unselfish, you do get something ! the employer's interest to have
out of it: you get the satisfaction --- - ■ •
higher salaries for public school
1 teachers as the answer to the teach-
' er shortage crisis facing the nation.
Beyond these steps, the conven-
Back when I was a newspaper re- workman to get unemployment
porter, I attended two funerals on compensation. With a board ap
successive afternoons. One was the by an employer-favoring ।
funeral of a financier and theatri-1 governor making the rules and in-
cal producer. He had made millions . terpretations of the rules, it is easy the---
but he had forgotten to make to see how the unemployed could with respect to world peace and in-
friends. There was not a moist eye be forced to take lower-paid jobs i ternational relations.
hand) regimentation.
THE LABOR MESSENGER-ORGANIZED LABORS ONLY OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER IN HOUSTON
some of the textile mills of the
county.
Googe said the labor organizer
r— A -2 c ed the nation that he had decided to
I N n % remove meat controls and would
—— ■ % L • ' proceed promptly to take the lid off
By Our Austin Correspondent. other prices and wage ceilings, the
165th annual convention of the
President Truman's campaign to American Federation of Labor.
keep the employment service free here in Chicago, served notice that (
from direction by the appointment* it favored such action.
of governors has been lost in W ash- Tiu., 35 a unanls:__- , h
ington, and now it is being taken delegates called for immediate dis-
up at the state level by two of the solution 6f the National Wage Sta-
largest organizations in the nation, bilization Board which had forfeit-
The American Federation of La- ed the confidence of the nation’s
“ reflectios bor and the American Legion are workers and had outlived its use-
" “la both pledged to fight in the legis- Fulness.
latures to keep the state employ- With an equally resounding
ment services free from control by voice, the convention voted for the
any other state agency. In Texas, of all price controls, except
the Texas State Federation of La-1 ront.
bor and the Texas Department of Now it may not be particularly
the American Legion have their surprising for organized labor to
jobs cut out for them. | oppose Government limitations on
The Texas Employment Service wages in peacetime. But the con-
4.... II... was set up long before the Texas vention’s action with regard to
MnVC I HAI |f< Unemployment Compensation Com- price ceilings is an entirely differ-
Dill I I TIIIIT ] mission, but before the war it was ent matter and calls for some ex-
"EvI -M — W put under the direction of the planation.
A “,2.2, TUCC. During the war, even The American Federation of La-
F \ /215 //s ugh the Texas Employment . strongly supported the Govern- —-------- -
a JS - ! the U. s. Employ- ment's wartime price control and united action, build the foundations in
K f (" “ 7704949’ under wars’ demands rationing program in order to1 •f lastine nrosnerity in the months
N/- / €« anified employing service, it check profiteering and to assure to
" -- was still closely allied with the each citizen his fair share of the
TUCC. The USES state office was available supply of scarce commod-
on the same switchboard with the___________
identified as Robert Walk was tak-
en to a Thomason hospital where is, a potential maker of wealth and of the
47 stitches were taken in his head jobs is beng cast uselessly aside.
there are other things to life—for I
example, doing something for
others.
tion of State, County and
Municipal Employes. conditions coula be reestablished.
Labor again pointed the way for.
Tl I : I I ~:uc Off One 111 Four Auto NLRB Examiner
I he Lid Is " omins-l WorkersIs Vet 1 pholds Printers
ities. Even after the war ended,
_ -a ...American vedera labor voluntarily agreed to tempo- Washington, D. C—World Wai Washington, D. C.—The n mA.
I resident M the Ame rary continuation of price and wage II veterans comprise 26 per cent tional Typographical Union (AFL)
controls until orderly peacetime of the labor force in the automobile was upheld"By an examiner of the
industry,:according to Perry Faulk- National Labor Relations Board in
But the Government did not make ner, Chief of the Veterans Employ- its year-old strike against the St.
good on its promises to labor and ment Service of the U. S. Employ Petersburg, Fla., Evening Inde-
to the nation. Reconversion moved . ment Service. Reporting.on survey: pendent and The Times,
too slowly. Unnecessary shortages made by the USES Labor Market
persisted. The whole reconstruction Information series, the Labor De-
drive became tied up in red tape, partment official pointed out that
By insisting on artificial wage I employment of veterans in auto-
formulas, instead ofrnsing common mobile plants has doubled since KLRs“drecthepblishersto bar-capitalism)
sense, the Wage Stabilization Board , January. ( " 4*—
forced needless strikes. Congress TL- fi~--ee theen from 182 ga n o
Depost Imsuranee Coryoration
-egiakceior
MARKED PAIDI
Atlanta, Ga.—Charges that one
of its organizers was beaten almost i
to death November 1 were made
"THE BANK OF COURTESY"
Our checking account
is a Rea/ Barqa/n i
\savnq Ziwe and/Money
and
HOUSTON LABOR JOURNAL
n xe--paper Kno-. Ne Craft Lne
6
pueianca ever, Fsdday
The Houston Labor and Trades Comnc
by th*
Hestem L-bet ■ —mger rusilahune C. I
Omice .1 Puhlicatign
2303 Autin Phone p
r. o. Bax 4008
sides, there was not a church in the i why the AFL, seeking to protect it*
community big enough to hold all members, and the Legion, seeking
who wanted to attend. ( to protect the veterans, have
He had been hard-working. hon-1 pledged themselves to make a fight
e*t, honorable, quiet, unpretentious, to keep the two separate. i
The teachers respected him. The I hard times in sight, with the peak ।
students and all the thousands who of the postwar boom already pass
had been students during the many ed, according to business statistics,
years he had served, loved him, the spectre of unemployment is
Three ministers took part in the back in sight. And how it is met |
service; all three had tears in their
eyes as they spoke.
Making money is all right, but
OrTICERS or MOUSTON LABOR AND
TH A DM COUNCIL
Pr-ident . »- F MeClelan
Viee Preident -- --- Ear Centwell
seeretaty Georxe * w"o
Exeeutte Board: b r. MeClelles. E w.
Cantwell, George A. Wilson.. W. W. Strong
O M Aron M" Lellle MAlpisLE
KaGen, sr. F. J. I-Vellee, A. S Mebride.
I of lasting prosperity in the months Late October spending wiped out there is no duty on either party to
ahead under the free and unregi- a surplus established early in the arbitrate their differences in the
mented system which is the founda- month, topping receipt* from taxes absence of an agreement to do so
tion of the American way of life. ’’by $420,148,049 by the end of the reached through direct negotiation
------ ' I month. between the parties. . . .
The debt on October 31 was re- "It is, therefore, clear that the
mighty hard for an unemployed
policy, approved by a I-------
vote, are important not only as an I world peace.. .. ..
buenama. Fedbfhtion"of"lAborfccmnvention the onlyrtwo scats avallable in -isss’j caaremantor ;
Amneriefaraparsoftspshas“the husband; -weernineBodyofthenlo.p,
becatismedsummarize"brieri the country which are trying to under- pushed out. "I hope you and your Montrean meettingaaf.the the
outstanding conclusions reached by mine the loyalty of the American mother enjoy the show.^ B“whtlhntshnrdbdt is a constant (
merican era ion • There was no pussyfooting on Ability and Necessity dwell near । champion of the principles to which ।
this issue. Nor did the delegates each other.—Pythagoras. | the ILO subscribes."__
"^Fthent^^
. I separately, t“Ed the certifies- ’ tions of Soviet Russia. It expressed । at that. They decided to carryon a
icein the school auditorium; it wastion that "suitable work" wasn't the conviction that Russia is seek - constantmandawidearrnedommuan-
available. After November 16,chegingwona,dnrinntiontonrejectedatimntsactivities
here at home can be promptly ex-
, zation by Robert Watt, United;
In a crowded movie a woman. States Labor delegate to the ILO,
, perhaps a brus 'f I was expressed in a recent visit here I
about to take a seat. by Guildhaume Myrddin - Evans.
. . . . . . . . 1 1 Deputy Secretary of the British
woman and her husbane had taken Ministry of Labor and National i
in _ l _______a .L. c,. '
upon the character, stading
at reputation at any perpon
firm or corporation whiet
may appear in the eolamna
of The Labor Messenger win
be gladly eorrected upon it
being brooght to the attention of the
publshers.
Se ui into " ------— Darain- ---8 - , ------
I . - ber l, and which have been coming not willing to arbitrate the differ-
________ “Third, the delegates resolved to j in for retirement this month, ence, the facts show that it was st
, . | government pays me ou, ana nuug The disastrous failure of the do everything possibietoreviveand BLAME OPA issue. Although the union has re-
And yet you know of parents who up a few general rules, the TUCC Paris Peace Conference this week re-establishfree trad etuniot omovs I item appearing in a box on Page fused to arbitrate, it has not re-
enerooitenertomneepidraroprmghn - hev«- madaangprofourdhempmarian po ss.tnzx; supdor the • - ■—>— weekiynews-fsea
order to preach Christ and Him At first bu >’ thation of Labor Convention, cause of democracy and freedom in paper. w,.
c rucified-teachers who go on Theres nothing much t Although our meeting here in the nations of Europe which are “Due to the shortage of paper we BRITISH ILO CHIEFTAIN
===--=--=---==
the issues at great length. I his efforts to maintain a vigorous In a cruwie
Their final decisions on foreign and firm position in defense of middle . aged,
unanimous America’* principles in forging past a man u;
"----. Before he recovered his balance the
Waiter—Ye*
A checking account prevents paying bills
twice, acts as a legal receipt—is the orderly
way to conduct your money affairs. It also
establishes your identity for emergency and
credit use—and of course protects you from
theft and money loss from your person.
| 1 e)
,—222
MAT-
tive Federal regulation. President Vterans’ employment in the
rs a hard decision for a Texan, I We are convinced that the great I
“Thereis enough potential em- who is also an American, to make mass of the American. PC0P p and
ployment in the gas which is flared Culberson and Jester made their. _ ’ lu"il
in Texas daily to assure all Texans decision on a Texas-firstt basis. Er-support.ouroviewathatequrcountr
good jobs for years to come. As it nest Thompson, the third member , will xetgalong.fan. betteri, the
- • t Railroad Commission, made future if Government control of
0. 1s neng cast usezessy asms. i hi. decision the other way He’d labor induztry andtheentire econ-
' One factor is that of pipeline*, rather see the gas used somewhere omy is kept to a minimum.
to take gas outside the state. The than merely wasted He support* THEM
Railroad Commission majority, Olin the export applications, while HE IS ONE, OF THMI
Culberson and Beauford Jester, ter and Culberson oppo.e them; and । ALpedestriang. 8z8, doe aup,
fights the exporting of gas from each of the three is convinced that the besr-barre Lphilosophen. "
Texas on the theory that it should he is right, marrie
History has a way of repeating j their Co-ops they went into produc-
Thomas S. Wilson, the trial ex- itself, especially in economic his- tion to satisfy consumer demands.
lirbitrete^^ot^rrfu.?/^ nutory of prof‘itebu,ines!2monapdel na ceM^tto^f
' ' ' recommended that the (profit business is one phase of wealth. They have no need for trust
ureet me puoisners w e--cpiu..) in one country after and monopoly laws in their .
gan on request with the union. He another, like a cracked phonograph tries. The common people control
The figures are those from 182 recommended the reinstate- record, is a story of greed, avarice the wealth of their countries
effective automotive plants, representing the request, or all employes and exploitation, over and over! through their Co-ops!
measure h-i - *h induet- u q 11 who were on strike on January 12. again. From individualism, to The common people of England
trusts, to monopoly, to concentra listened too long to their entrench-
tion of wealth until a point is ed fascist monopolies and wealth.
-ge., ,a reached where the mass of people They depended too much on politics
A five-day hearing,asheldonaare in such a wretched state that and allowed socialism to grew. 1
complaint that management h ; the few in control have no one to they had exercised their democracy
fused to hergainwiththe uniontand vent their greed upon. In order to building their co-ops stronger
had i nterferesd.withuthesrixhtoIsave their loot these few money they could have, voided, socialistie
self-organiza ■ barons take over the country spo- government, if their common peo-
former judge and onetimeschiero litical control and place themselves * wil baek the co-ops they can
rection. Already a new wave of eon- centrated in the automobile, smelt- thust 5 avislon, represented the snapr fhi, protsaseonm’ot I'Xm’i yet carry.chrough. this crisis into
socialism pure and simple; and it
ch unionri* retused to bargain, ihduseh l Wertnata U.Sunnsustastau,icsdz:
- * »
_________ . , . __“The strike of November .20, gal, of Italy and of Germany, wealth is leading us toward politi-
den boom, the erash toward which Washington, D. C.The Federal 1945, was caused by the deadlock All other human relations havelcal dictatorship. Money, power,
the nation is heading will likewise Government ended the first four reached between the parties in their . made rapid advancements and im- greed, and exploitation are the or-
be avoided. If business, labor and | months of the present fiscal year negotiations and by the refusal of drovements in keeping up with the .. +he dav Onlv the Cnonera-
the Government exercise common with a deficit of 8300,841, 791, it the union to arbitrate that issue in
sense and self-restraint, we can, by | was revealed in a Treasury report order to break the impasse. ... In
---..... the first week of November, the process of collective bargaining
-„o EFG
o8v)"
1, k
MAN
8
14514 Munn St. Houston 15
here by the American Federation
WARM, FRIENDLY BANKING AND TRUST 8 U I D A N C t
I , other by waging aggressive war-
The last of the great natural re- fare for further progress toward a
(sources of Texas, natural gas, is better way of life. The convention
coming in for a realistic study by ; of the American Federation of La-
I the special Senate Gas Resource In- j bor which ended this week, voted
vestigation Committee, headed by 0 'mDiov both methods to their'needed by the peo
Senator T. C. Chadick of Quitman. F ulest extent. 11 ry.
| The committee has outlined a taor On the offensive side, the con- it will take lo
_ ’ vention approved a program of so- and an effective educational cam-
I way it is going to waste if its । cial justice legislation which would paign to enlist public support for |
findings get enough publicity, “nd far toward assuring to every] this program and secure favorable]
] if they show the people of Texas American family insurance against | action by Congress, but the Ameri-1
] how much of their future is being poverty and the financial disastercan Federation of Labor has en-i
flared in the oilfield skies, perhaps which results from illness, accident,'listed in this cause and will not re
l there will be a demand that it be or disability. lax until it is won.
saved. , This program calls for higher | At the same time, the convention |
Already, one major oil company i social security benefit* and wider | authorized a fight to the limit
is taking the obvious course. It has of this law which has against efforts in the State Legis-
applied for permission to drill an proved so beneficial to the nation | latures and in the next Congress to ]
oil weir down to a subterranean j ten years of operation. It in- adopt repressive legislation infring-
cavern, and there store.the Ea8 eludes a national system of unem-'ing upon the freedom of American
which is produced with oil to save ovment insurance for the double workers. We know these attacks are
. it against the day when it has mar P”/™"____________________—coming. We are going to be ready
partment of Justice and State and ; ket value. . ... to meet them and defeat them.
■ As it is now, markets aren't be kept in Texas and the industry K> mifis private con J
available for all of the gas which is moved here. But at the moment, .m S is te concern of the Amer-
produced in Texas, and under the looking at it from the nation-widescan as a whole, including
by George L Googe, director of the court decisions on proration, the picture, the Big.Inh.Pipeunpundlthe business men of the nation. I
Southern AFL campaign to enroll State cannot require oil companies rusting away, because we raiiroao rovernment attempts to
1,000,000 new members. ’ to save gas which has no value. In and coaimine intpreste(inchoding invadeSthefree enterprise of tabor,
Googe sent telegrams of protest other words, the state cannot force the United Mine Workers) are op-,
to Gov. Ellis Arnall, Solicitor Gen- ] a man to spend money saving . posing its sale for use as a gas
eral P. E. Strickland of Upson something which has no value. pipeline Meanwhile the gas which
County Ga., and U. S. Attorney I But if the Chadick Committee . could be Bold through that pipeline
General Tom Clark. He charged brings to the people of Texas the to provide the people of New York .
that the violence was instigated "at realization of the importance of City with a cheap clean fuel. is
the behest of the cotton mill own- natural gas, it will have made * being burned up in the gas fields ,
ers in Upson County.” The AFL is giant stride toward the industrial-1 of Texas. _ I
ization of Texas.
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Labor Messenger (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 23, No. 34, Ed. 1 Friday, November 15, 1946, newspaper, November 15, 1946; Houston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1551896/m1/2/: accessed July 9, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; .