The San Antonio Light (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 83, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 12, 1921 Page: 5 of 16
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Harding Approves Peace Resolution W ith Qualifications
“SEPARATE TREATIES WITH THE
CENTRAL POWERS MUST NOT
IGNORE OLD WORLD RELATIONS”
Harding Cover* Wide Range of Subject* in First Mes-
sage to Congress—Outlines Policy on Foreign and
Domestic Affairs—Rejects League of Nations.
* i
Washington. 1). Cm April 11.—Presi-
dent Hardiug • address to congress
was as follows:
Members of the congress: Yuu have
been called in extraordinary session to
give jour consideration to national prob-
lems far too pressing to be long neg
Jetted. We face our tasks of legisla-
tion and administration amid condi-
tions a M difficult as our government haw
ever contemplated. L’ndcr our political
system the people of the United States
‘have charged tne new congress and the
new administration with the solution-
the readjustments reconstruction and
restoration which must follow in the
wake of war.
It may be regretted that we were so
illy prepared for war’s aftermath wu
little mad** ready to return to the ways
of peace but we are not to be dis-
couraged. Indeed we must be the mure
firmlv resolved to undertake our work
wdh high hope. and invite every fac-
tor in our ettiscuahip to join in the
effort to find our normal unward way
again. .
The American people have appraised
the situation and with that tolerance
and patience which go with under-
standing they will give to us the influ-
ence of deliberate public opinion which
ultimately becomes the^ edict uf any
|M»nular government. <Thev are meas-
uring some uf the stern necessities and
will join in the give and take whk£
so essential to firm re-establishment.
Home Problem* First.
First in mind must be the solution of
our problems at humc even though some
phases of them are inseparably linked
with our foreign relation*. The surest
iHiwcdttre in every government is to put
Um owu house in order.
I know of no more pressing problem
gi hour than to restrict our national
«. Hinduurcs within the limits of our
i i»i«.ncl Income. and at tne same time
m- urub’v lift the burdens of.war taxa-
futi from the shoulders of the Ameri-
ccn people. ~
On - cannot be unmindful that ecouo-
mj l< u much-employed err most
h.ick rd in pre-election appeals but it
j. ours to make it an outstanding and
••.er impelling purpose in both legiida-
tuh and administration. The unre-
>4 rained tendency to heedless rx|>cndi-
ti.rc and the attending growth of public
indebtedness extending from federal
ruthority to that of state and mimcl-
palitj ami including the smallest imliti-
a| subdivision constitute the most dau-
gcrous phase of government today. The
nation cannot restrain except in its
M wn activities but it can be exemplar
in n uholexome reversal.
The most substantial relief from the
tax burden must come for the present
from the readjustment of internal taxes
and the revision of repeal of those
taxes which have become unproductive
ami air so artificial and burdendaomb as
.to defeat their own purpose. A prompt
and thorough going revision of the in-
ternal tax laws made with due regard
to the protection of the revenues is.
in my judgment a requisite to the re«
rival of busiueiM activity in this coun-
try. It is earnestly hoped therefore
that the congress will be able to enact
without delay a revision of the revenue
'laws and such emergency tariff meas-
ures as are necessary to protect Ameri-
*<an trade and industry.
( annot Khift Burden*.
It is of less concern whether inter-
nal taxation or tariff revision shall
r»me first than has been popularly
imagined because we must do both
but the practical course for earliest
accomplishment will readHy sugge-t it-
mlf to the nmgrrsH. We are commit-
ted to the re{»eal of the excess profits
lax and the abolition of inequities and
unjustifiable exasperations in the prev-
ent system.
The co«»try doe* not expect and will
not approve a shifting of burden*. Il
is more interested in wiping out the
necessity for imposing them mid elimi-
nating confusion and cost in the col-
lection.
TBr urgency for nn instant tariff
enactment emergency in character and
understood by our people that it i* for
the cmerganey only cannot lx* t<w> much
emphasised. 1 belle/r in B.e protec-
tion of American industry and It is our
purpose to prosper America fn>t. Tik’
privilege of the American market to
the foreign producer are offered too
cheaply today mid the effect on much
of our own productivity is the ilestrm-
tion of imr self rrlinncr. which is the
foundation of the independence and good
fortune of our people. Moreover ini
ports shuld pay their fair share of cur
cost of government.
Must Care for llebt.
The staggering load of war debt must
Im cared for in orderly funding nnd
gradual liquidation. We •Fnll hasten
the solution ami aid effectively in lift-
iug the tax burdens if we strike reso-
lutely at expenditure. It is far More
easily said than done. In the *»vcr cf
war our expenditure* were so little
questioned the emergency was ko im-
pelling. appropriation was mi uniin|Msl-
rd that uc little noted millions ind
isninted the treasury inexh J its tilde. It
will strengthen our resolution »f ve
ever keep in mind that a continuation
of >.uch a course means lacvttuMb dis-
aster.
Our current expenditures are run
ning at the rate of approximately ML-
iNMUMMUKk) a vear. and the burden is
uh bearable. There are two agencies
to be employed in correction: one is
rigid resistance in appropriation and
the other is the utmost economy it* ad-
ministration. Let us haw both. I havF
already charged department heads with
this necessity. 1 am sure congr*"* will
agree: and both congress and the ad-
ministration may safely count on the
support of all right minded cinaens be-
cause the burden In their*. The pres-
sure for expenditure. swelling the flow
in one locality while draining another
is sgru to defeat the imposition nf in«t
burdens ami the effect of our citUen-
ship protest ins outlay will be whole-
some and helpful. I wish It might find
It* reflex in economy and thrift among
the people themselves because therein
Iles quicker recovery and added securi-
ty for the future.
Must Provide Revenue*.
The estimates of receipts end ex-
penditures and the statements ns tn
the condition of the treasury which the
secretary of the treasury U prepared to
present to jmi. "ill m<ii«-nt« what r«\r
< nues must be provided in order to carry
on the govenment’a business and "meet
its current requirements and fixed-debt
charges* Unless thwe are striking cuts
in the im’M»rtant fields of cxitemiiture*.
receipts from internal taxes i-unnot be
permitted to fall beivw 9 iUUUUUU.UUV
TUESDAY.
ill tbe fiscal yean 11*22 ami 11*23. Thia
would mean total inleiual tax collec-
tion* of about one billion less than In
lirju and one-half billion lean than in
IU2I.
Must Protect Agriculture.
One who value* American proaper-
ity and maintained American standard*
ot wage and living cau have no »ym
pa Iby with the proposal that easy entry
and the flood of imports will cbea|wn
our costs of living. It ia more likely
to destroy our capacity to buy. To-
day American agriculture ia menaced
and it* products are down to pre-war
normals yet we are endangering our
fundamental industry through the high
coat of transimrtation from the market
and through the influx of foreign farm
producta. because we offer c’seutially
unprotected the beat market in the
world. Jt would be better to err In
protecting our baaic food industry than
paralyze our farm activities in the
world struggle for restored exchange*.
The maturer reviaion of our tariff
law* should be based on tbe policy of
protection resisting that selfishues*
which turns to greed but ever conccrue*
with that productivity at home which i*
tbe sourer of all abiding good fortune.
It is agreed that we cannot sell unless
we buy. but ability to scH is based
on home development and the fostering
of home markets. There ia little *enti-
metn in the trade of the world. Trade
can and ought to be honorable but if
knows no sympathy. While the dele*
gates of the nation* at war were de-
bating peace term* at Paris and while
we later debated our |>art in complet
ing tbe peace commercial agents ot
other nations were opening their line*
aud establishing their outposts with a
forward look to the morrow's trade.
It wa* wholly pro|>er. and has been
advantageous to them. Tardy as we
are. it will ho safer to hold our own
markets secure and build thercou for
our trade with the' world.
Government on Buvine" B»l>.
A very important matter ii the ea-
tabhubmcat of the government's bush
ne»« on a bnsiuesa bahG. There was
toleration of the eaay-going unsyatcm-
atm method of handling our fiscal af-
in<lirrct taxation held the
nubile unmindful of the federal burden.
But there ia know ledge of the high cost
of government today anti high coat of
Imng ii insuperably linked with high'
eoat of government. There can he no
complete correction of the high living
coat until goverument'a coat in notably
reduced.
Eft me moat heartily commend th*
enactment of legislation providing for
thr national budget Congress had al-
ready rwwrded ita belief in the budget.
It Will be a very great satisfaction to
anow of its early enactment. so that It
may be employe/ in establishing the
economies and business method-. es-
wntial to the minimum of expenditure.
I have said to the jieoplc we meal.?
to Have leas of government in business
?’ well as more bunineso in government
It is welt to have it understood that
business has a right to pursue its nor-
mal. legitimate and righteous way un-
imisvled. aml it ought have no t ill to
meet government competition where a'l
"*» is borne bv the public treasury
Co-operation Is Expected.
। . W lll uo vhallcnge to honest aim*
lawful business success. But govern-
ment approval of fortunate untram-
tneled business does not mean toleration
of restraint of trade or of maintained
prn-ea by unnatural methods. It Is
noil to have legitimate business under-
stand that a just government mindful
of the interests of all the people ba*
• r Ji l 2? ' x l >ert ^e eo-o|H-ration ot
mat legitimate business in stamping
out the practices which add to unrest
and inspire restrictive legislation.
Anxious as we arc to restore the on-
ward flow of business it is fair to com-
bine assurance and warning in one
utterance.
<»UV rendition in the busiMaa world
m«>- well receive )Mr inquiry. ' J» c f| a .
has been i n progress but has failed
reach the mark where it ran be pro-
Halmed to the great max of onoinm
l<f*du<-ed coat of ba or production has
been recorded. but high coat of livis.
lias not yielded in like projiortlon. For
eiample the prices ni grain and live-
’tock have been deflated but the h»t
"‘bread and meats is not adequately
reflected therein. It is to be expected
that non-perishable staples will be dw
in yielding to lowered prices but the
‘"•lutalncd retail cost in perishable
loud cannot lie justified.
Would Probe Prices.
I have asked the federal trade mm-
rnnslmi for a report of its observation
and it attribute in the main the fail-
ure to adjust consumers' cost to basic
production coot to the exchange of in-
formation by -open-price association.'
which operate evidently within the law.
to the very great advantage of their
member and equal disadvantage to the
'•"“’inning public- Without the spirit
of hostility or baste in accusation of
profiteering some suitable inquiry by
congress might speed the price read-
justment to normal relationship with
b'lpflHnc” to both producer and cou
’•'itner. A measuring rod of fair prices
will satisfy the country ami give no a
business revival to end all depression
and unemployment.
Tlie great interest of both producer
and consumer—indeed all our Indus-
trial and commercial life from agricul-
ture to finance—in the problems of
transportation will find it reflex in
your concern to aid re-establiabmeirt.
to restore efficiency and bring trans-
portation cost into a helpful relation
ship rather than continue It as a hin-
drance to resumed activities.
Kailroad Problem Important.
It in little to be wondered what ill-
considered legislation the war strain
government operation in bcrdleM'nex'i of
<wt ami the conflicting programs. or
the lack nt them for restoration have
brought about a most difficult situation
uiudc doubly difficult by the low tide
of business. All arc so intimately re-
lated that no improvement will be per-
mairrnt until the raUwaya are o|Nrat-
«l efthirntly at a cwt witbin that
whirb the tr^fic can bear
If we ran nave it understood that
rougre*H has no sanction for govern-
mrnt ownership that rongre** docs not
levy tax*»s upon the people to cover defi-
cits in a service which should lie self-
MUstaiaiag there will be an avowed
foundation on which to rebuild.
Freight-carrying charges have mount-
P i! 1 r an l higher until <s>mmvn*e
• : production discouraged.
Railway rates and cost of n|M-ration
mu^t hr rednce<l.
< ongrraa may well investigate and
let the public underwtaud wherein uur
*yri*'m and the federal regulations art
lacking in belpfulneM nr hindering iu
mtrictioM. The remaining obsqtcke
which are the heritanre of capital ••tie
exploitation must be removed and I.*
bur mud join management in under
standing that the public which pr.y* i»
the public to be served and simple jus-
tice is the right and will continue it
be the right-et all the people.
Transpurtation over tne highway* is
little lews important but the problem*
relate to construction aud developnir?:
nud deserve your mod earnest atten-
tion. because we are laying a founda-
tion for a long time to rvmt aud the
creation is very difficult to visualize in
Its great possibilities.
The highways are not only feeder*
to the railroads and afford relief from
their local burdens; they are actually
lines of motor traffic in interstate com-
merce. They are the smaller arteries
of the larger portion of our commerce
and the motor car has become an in
dispensable instrument In our political
social and industrial life.
Can Exercise Control.
There Is begun a new era in high-
way construction the outlay for which
runs far into hundreds of millions of
dollars. Boud issues by road districts
counties and states mount to enormous
figures and the country is facing such
an outlay that it is vital that every
effort shall be directed against wasted
effort aud unjustifiable ex|»euditure.
The federal government can -place no
inhibition on the exiwmf.ture in the
several slates; but. since congress ha*
embsrkc<l upon a policy pf assisting th**
states in highway improvement; wisely
I believe it can assert a wholly becom-
ing influence in shaping policy.
With the principle of federal par-
ticituition acceptably established prob-
ably never to be abandoned it Is im-
portant to exert federal influence io
d< veloping comprehensive plans looking
to the promotion of commerce aud
apply our ex|»mditures in the surest
way to guarantee a public rcturu for
Mtf expended.
luirgc federal outlay demands a fed
eral voice in the program of expendi-
ture. Congress rannot justify a mere
gift from the federal purse to the >ev»
real states to be pro-rated among coua-
ties for road betterment. Such a course
will invite abuse* which it were bet-
ter to guard against in the beginning.
Th*- laws governing federal oM Should
be amended aud strengthened. The fed-
eral agency of administration should
ba i tovutad to tha importance tad mb
cd with authority comparable to the
work before it. And congress ought
to prescribe conditions tu federal ap-
propriations which will necessitate u
consistent program of uniformity which
will justify toe federal outlay.
Highwa> Funds Wasted.
I know of nothing more shocking tlfan
the millions of public funds waited in
improved highways wasted because
there is no policy of maintenance. The
neglect is not universal but it is very
near it. There is nothing the con-
gress can d*» more effectively to cud
this shocking waste than condition all
federal aid on provisions fur mainten-
ance. Highway* no matter how gener-
ous the outlay for construction cauuot
be maintained without patrol und con- ;
st ant repair. Much conditions insisted |
on in the graut of federal aid will safe-1
guard the public which pays and guard
the federal government against mditical j
abuses which tend tn defeat tbs rerj
purposes (or which we autbotixe federal
expenditure.
Linked with rail aud highway is
tbe problem of water transportation—-
iuland. coastwise and trans-oceanic. It
is nut possible on this occasion tu sug-
gest tu < ongress the additional legisls-1
tiou needful to meet the aspirations of
our people fur a merchant marine. fn
the emergency uf war we hare con-
structed a tonnage equalling uui
largest exiM*ctations Its war cost must
be discounted to the actual value* of
peace and the large difference charged
to tbe wai emergency aud tbe pleas-
ing tank is to turn our assets in tun-
nagc t.» an agaaes of eauunsree.
Will Maintain Merchant Marine.
It Is not necessary to say it to con-
gress but 1 have thought this to be a
Drfitting occasion to give notice tiint
the United States means to establish
and maintain a great merchant marine.
Ont difference* of opinion as to n
policy of unbuilding have been removed
by the outstanding fact of our having
builded. If the intelligent and effi
cient administration under the exist-
ing laws makes established service im-
|M»*dble the executive will promptly rc-
l»ort to you. Manifestlv if our laws
governing American activities on the
>ras are such as to give advantage to
those who (om»>etr with us for the ear-
ning of our cargoes and those which
ought naturally come iu American bot-
tofts through trade exchanges thru the
of American fair play will amit
Itself to give American carriers their
quality of opportunity.
This republic can never realize its
righteous aspirations in commerce can
never be worthy the traditions of the
early days of the expending republie
until the millions of ton« of shipping
which we now possess are co-ordinated
with our inland transportation and our
-dripping ha* government em-ouitgc
mint not government operation in'
carrying our cargoes under oar flag
over regularly operated routes tu ever*
market iu the world agreeable to Ameri-
can exchange*. It will strengthen Amer-
ican geniu* and management to have it
undestood that ours is an abiding deter-
mination. because carrying is second
only to production in establishing and
maintaining the flow of commerce to
which we rightfully aspire.
It is proper to invite yuur attention
to the imnortam-r of the question of
radio communication and cables. To
meet strategic commercial and political
needs active encouragement should be
given to the extension uf Amcrican-
owned and unrated cable and radio
services. Between the United States
and its possessions there should b< am-
ple communication facilities providing
direct service at reasonable rates. Be
tween the United States and other coun-
tries not only should there be adequate
facilities but these should be. so far
as practicable direct and free from for-
••ign intermediation.
Press Messages Important.
Friendly co-operation should be ex-
tended to international efforts aimed
nt encouraging improvement of inter
national communication facilities and
designed to further tbe exchange of
messages. Private monopolies tending
to prevent the development of needed
facilities should be prohibited. Govern-
ment owned facilities wherever possi-
ble without unduly interfering with
private enterprise or government needs
should be made available for general
uses.
Particularly desirable is tbe provision
<*f ample cable and radio aerrices at
reasonable rates for the transmission
of nrrss matter so that the American
reader may receive a wide range of
news and the foreign reader receive
fall accounts of American activities
The daily press of all countries may
well b- put in pewitiqp to contribute
to international u ml er«t a nd ings by the
• of Interring foreign news.
Practical experience dem ?tu trates tbe
THE SAN ANTUNIU LIGHT.
need for effective regulation of bntu
domestic and international radio o|*ers
tion if this newer mean* or inter-com-
munication is to be ftflly utilised. Espe-
cially needful is the provision of ample
radio facilities for those services whme
radio only can be used. s id. a* com-
munication * Itb ships st m
craft ami with out-of-tbe-wly places.
International cummtin : «ati€i> by cable
and rkdh* require* co-o^crauoi betw ■ n
the powers concerned. Whatever the
degree of control deemed adrisiWr
within the Veited Stat*. ’• venrneiit
licensing of cable landin.* <cd of radio
station* transmitting ami receiving in-
ternational traffic seem* eeccatary f*c
the protection of American interest*
no«l for the securiag of a aatlsfa^ory
reriproral privileges.
Must Encourage Aviation.
Aviation is inseparable from either
the army or tbeTiavy. auo the govern-
ment. must in the intei^-ds of national
41rfcnse. encourage It* dcveJuptneat f*-t
military aud civil purpose*. The et-
<v»uragrmrot of the civil 4lcielopnient • f
aeronautics is especially desirable ns re-
lieving the government largely uf .be
exjicnse of development ano of main
teuanco uf an iadlMtry« I IW almost eo*
tirely borne by tbe government througn
appropriation* for the mil'tary. naeal
Rml postal air service The air mail
service is an important initial step in
the direction of commercial aviation
It has become a pressing duty of the
federal government to provide for the
regulation of air naviga'mv; otherwise
independent and conflictng legislation
will be enacted by the various state*
which will hamper the 4ioe|opment of
aviation. Tbe national advisory o m
mit tee for aeronautics it. a special re
l»ort on this subject ha* recuamendrj
the establishment of n bunuu of aero
nautics iu the IlcpartuanC of Cm*
merer for tbe federal te^ulatiun of an
navigation. which a*c*4nnicndat>cu
ought tu have legislative approval.
Establish National Airways.
I remmmeml the enactment of leg.-*
lation establishing a bluer । of aero
nautics in the Navy 1/epart ment to
centralize the control of natal activiti**
in aeronautics aud removing the re
striHiona on the jicno.incl detailed tu
uviatiun in the navy.
The aimy air service should be c*w-
tinurtl as a co-ordinate combatant ui
(lie army and its existing otgnnizat hh*
utilize*] in co-operation with otbt*
agencies uf the g<»vcrnm A nt iu the estab
lishmrnt uf national tram continents I
airways ami in co-opei-au* u with the
*Ut<M* in the e*tablixhme?.t of load a*ir-
domes ami landing Geld*.
The American tieoplc expect 4»ngrr«N
unfailingly to voice the gratitude of tbe
republic in a generous aud prncti<^l
way to its defenders in the wrorld wai.
who need tbe supjiorting am of thi*
government. Our very nr mediate n»n
erra is for the cripple’ soldiers ano
th*»e deeply needing th- helping haul
of the government. Conscious of the
generous intent of cunires*. and the
public concern for the crippled and dc-
liendent. I invited the ^.Tk-rM of a ro-
uitecr committee to inquire into the nd-
ininistratiun uf tbe bureau ol war risk
insurance the federal »au»rd for whs-
ti*iual traiuing and other agencies ut
government in caring for tne (x-soldivre
»ailurs and marine* *»f th- world war.
Lack of Organization.
The 44»mmittec prompts re|>orted the
[chief difficulty to be the imperfect or
|Kanization of govrrtiiueuUl effort the
*ame lack of cu-nrdinatioi. which hin-
ders guverument efficient? B> many .uu
•irrtakiugs. lest* noticed I.KauM* the nee J
iur prompt service is le* appealing.
1 hlh iMuiiiuittec has reemntnended and
I Ccnvey the recommendation* tu you
with cordial approval that all govern-
ment agencies looking to the welfare
of the rx-arrvice men should be pla*4-d
under one directing head su that the
welfare of these disabled saviors of uur
civiHsafion and freedom may hove the
most efficient direction it mav b<
well to make such su official the direc-
tor general of srrvi<*e to war veteran.*
and place under bin direction all hospi-
talisation V4K*atioual training war in-
muaoce rehabilitation and all neu-
*iuns.
The immediate extension and utili-
ration of the government's hospital
facilities in army and navy will bring
W”” to the acute conditions moat com
plained of. aod the hospital building
program may be worked out to meet
the needs likely to be urgent at the
idle of possible completion.
Favors Xew Department.
The whole program requires the most
thoughtful attention of congress for
we are embarking on the performance
of a sacred obligation whico involves the
cxitcmliture of billions in the half cen-
tufy before us. Congress must perfect
the policy of generous gratitude and
conscientious administration must
stamp out abuses in the very beginning.
We must Strengthen rather than weaken
the moral fiber of the beneficiaries
and humanize all efforts so that re-
habilitation shall be attended by re-
spiritualization. •
During the recent political canvass
the pro|>osal wav made that a depart-
ment of public welfare should be
created. It was indorsed and com-
mended so strongly that 1 venture to
call it to your attention and to sng.
favorable legislative consideration
foe government's obligation affirma-
tively to encourage development of the
highest and most efficient type of citi-
zenship is mederuly accepted almost
universally Government rests urnm the
IMMiy of ; it nu not main-
tain itself on a level that keeps it out
of touch and understanding with the
community it serves. Enlightened gov-
ernments everywhere recognize this and
are giving their recognition effect in
poll lea and program is.
Endorse 'Maternity Bill.
* crtiinly uo government is more de-
MrouM thin our own to reflect the
human attitude the purpose of muking
b " I !' r cituens— physically. intellect-
ually. spiritually. To this end. I am
convinced that such a department in
the government would be of real value.
It could be made to crystallize much
of rather vague generalization about
social justice into solid accomplishment
hventa ot recent yearn hare profoundly
impressed thinking people with the need
to rcevanitc new nodal forces and evo-
utiods. to equip our citizens for deal-
ing rightly with problems of life and
“octal order.
■ VV rea * n s of education public
health sanitation conditions of worked
in industry. child welfare nr. pci
amusement and recreation the elimiua*
tion of social vice and many other sub-
jects. the government has already under-
taken a considerable range of activities
I assume the maternity bill already
strongly approved will be enacted
promptly thus adding to our manifen
ration of human Interest. But these
undertakings have been scattered
through many departments and bureaus
without co-ordination and with much
overlapping of functions which frit-
ter energies and magnify the coat.
Ke sports Mates’ Kights.
Man. subjects of the greatest impor-
tance are handled by bureaus within
government departments which logically
have no apparent relation to them.
Other subjiwts which might well have
the earnest consideration of federal au
thorite hare Peen n.gbst.d or iuade
quately provided for. To bring these
various Activities together in n singb*
Gcpartnicut. where the whole field could
be suiveycd. and where their ioter rela-
tinnahiiK could he properly appraised
would make fur incrcßMcd effectiveness
economy and intelligence of direction.
In creating such a department it
should be made plain that then* is no
purpose to invade field* which the
Mat ex have occupied- In respect of
eduration for example federal govern*
meiit ha» always aided them. Na-
tional appropriations in aid of educa-
tional puq»eses the last fiscal year wen*
no less than Stk’MMIU.tMIO. There need
be no fear of undue centralisation nr of
creating a federal burraurarry to domi-
nate affairs better to be left in state
control. We must of course avoid
< ver-lapping the activities bv the several
state* and we must tret re«i*t th»
growing demand on the federal treas-
ury for the performance of service tor
which the state is obligated to its eirf
zcnFbip.
Somewhat related to the foirgoinc
human problems is the rare question.
Congress <ught to wipe the stain qt
barbaric lynchings from (he banner* of a
free ami orderly representative demo
rraey. Wr fare the fact that many mil-
lion- of people of African descent are
numbered among our population and
that in a number of state* they eou
at it ute a very largo proportion of thr
total population.
Mentions Rare Question.
It is unnecessary to recount tbc dif-
ficulties incideut to this condition or Io
emphasize the fait that it i* a **nu<L-
tion which cannot be removed. There
has been suggestion however that ann*e
of its difficulties might be amolioralrd
by a humane ami enlighfi nrd eon side ra-
tion of it. a study of its mauy gages**
and an effort to formulate if not a
Im>l icy. at least a national r.ttitude of
mind calculated to bring about im»«t
oatisfacton possible adjuilment of ’•
iations between thr rare*. and of each
race to the national life. One pro|M»*al
i« the «rent ion of a vouimission eir-
bracing r< preventative* of Is th races •<
study and report on thr entire subject
Thr prujiusal has real merit. I am cor-
vigerd that ill mutual udeiancr. und»r
standing charity. rr<*ogu»tion of the iu
trrdrprndence of thr rrces. and t‘^
maintenance of the rights of citizrzisVp
Hr* the road to rightrour autoatm*rt.
It hi needless to call y«*ur attention
to thr unfiaished budurss inherited
from thr preceding congress. Tl»c ap-
propriation bills for at my and navy
will have your early consideration. Nei-
ther bram-h of the government can be
unmindful of the <nll lot reduced ex-
penditure for these fkpnHmrnts of cur
national defense. The overnment is in
act -r<l w ith ibe wi*lf to * Harina d the
burdens of heavy armament.
'Vil! Not Disarm let.
The United State* ever will hr in
harmony with such a m >vemcat toward
tbe big! er attainment* «( peace. Rm
we shall uot entirely discard our ag ’U-
rics for defense until there is removed
the need to defend. Wo an ready tn
cu-o|>erate with other uutims to a|r-
proximate disarmament but merest p:u-
denee furbids that we disarm alone.
The naval.program which had its be-
ginning in what seemed the Hglr t a*-
*u rances of peace can cany no tjivi
after tbe latest proof of our national
unselfishness. The reasonable limits-
tion of personnel may be combined w»«h
economic* of administration to lift tbc
bunlens of excessive outlay.
The War Department reducing the
nel of thr nrm.v f n the max
mum provided by law in .lune. 11)211. to
the minim uni difUCted by <<*bfffgaa iu >
übsc'iucnt enactment. When fiirturyi
reduction is compatible with national'
security it may well tau tbe aanet »u
<»f congress so that a t*m of volun-
tary military training mu> offer tu our
young manhood the advantage- of pb;;-
cnl development. dt*« iplinc mid r*»u*i>
tuto the army reserve in return for th*
training.
Hili Not Enter league.
Nearly two and a half vears ago the
world war came to an end and yet we
find ourselves in the technical state of
war though actually a' inace white
Europe is at technical |*.ice. far from
tranquility and little pn greyed towa*u
theh oj»ed for restoration.
It ill becomes us to ezpreM im
•• that th- Eur»pcnt belliierrut•
are not yet in full agreement when we
ourselves have been unable to bring e>o-
stituted authority into accord in out
own relations to the formally pix*
claimed peace. Little armic in reritin?
tbe causes of delay in Euio|»e or our
own failure to agree. But there is ox
longer excuse for ium ‘rtainty reap ci
big some phases of out foreign rein
tionship. In the existing League of Na
tiou*. world governing with its super-
powers this republic will nave no par
There can be no inisinurpictation and
there will be no betrayal ut tbc dclib
crate expression of thr American |r*»
plc in the recent election ami set 1
in our decision for our seises it is o< I
fair to say to the world in general auu
to our associates in wa* in particular
that the league covenant cnL have uo
sanction by us.
The aim to associate nations tu pre-
vent war preserve pence und promote
civilization our people most cordially
applauded. We yearned for this new
instrument of justice but we can have
n«> part in a co min I tai to any agency uf
foree in unknown contingencies we
can recognize no super-authority.
Manifestly the highest purpose of
the League of Nations was defeated in
linking it with tbc treaty of jieace and
making it thr enforcing agency of the
victors of the war. International asso-
ciation for prnnanent peace must Im*
conceived solely as an instrumentality
of justice unasßociated with the pas-
sions of yesterday and not so consti-
tuted as to attempt the dual functions
of a political instrument of tbe con-
querors and of an agency of (>cacc.
There can be no prosperity for tbe fun-
damental purposes sought to be achieved
by any such association so long as it
is an organ of any particular treaty
or committed to tbe attainment of the
special aims of any nation or group of
nations.
For Association of Nations.
The American aspiration indeed tbc
world aspiration was an association of
mi lions based ui»ou the application of
justice and right binding us in con-
ference and co-operation fo: tbe pre-
vention of war and (minting the way to
a higher civilisation and international
fraternity in which all the world might
share in rejecting the league covenant
and uttering that'rejection to our own
people and to thr woild we make no
surrender of oar hope and aim for an
association to promote peace in which
we would most heartily join. Wo wish
it to be conceived in j»eace and dedi-
cated to ware and will relinquish no
effort to bring thr nations of the world
into such fellowship not in the sur-
render of national sovereignly but re-
joicing in a nobler exercise nf it in tbe
advancement of humau activity amid
the <nmpen sat ions of peaceful achieve-
ments.
In tbe national refer*ndum to whn‘»
I have adverted wr pkdyrti our eftort*
toward such association muu the ph*ke
will br faithfully kept. In I lie plixlt
of poliry rml |»rrfnnuaiK’. u« tnM th**
Amerioiß people we wad* to seek an
early establishment uf ptace. Tbe
United States akme am*» g tbr »’¥‘ l|
ami associated powers cuUlbues V si
technical state »f war against the cow
tral powers of Euro|w. 1 hir eqoDkd.
ous mndition onght nut to be permitted
tu continue.
To establish the state of techno J'
l»eace witbout further delay. 1 wbntilj
approve a declatory resolrt «»t by am*
grrss to that effort with the <iualifi«^
th»D< msential to protect all t«ur right<
Such action would be thr ai*nple*t keel-
ing of faith with nume.vrs und could
in no .-cum* be construed a* a desertw
of those with wlmni we shared our sa«
rifice* in war. for the^e powers are al
ready at iicace.
Firm on Reparations.
Such a resolution • lio vid umlertakr
to du d<> more than thu to declare the 1
state of peace which al’ Awt r .eu |
craves. It must add n difli<*ulty in ।
effecting with just remiratlons. the
restoration for which all Eaeai*
yearns and ui»on which th* sorld’s n-
mvery must l»v founded. Neither foi
inrr enemy nor ally can mistake Am?’;
id’s position becanse win attitude a*
to restiuipibility for the wai ami tbc
necessity for just rr|»a at am* alrctoy
has had forma) and very earnest ex-
pn>sion.
It would be unwise u» undertake to
make a statement <»f future prtiep wiig
respect tu European afia*r» in such a.
devlaratiou of a state of |»eacv In cu'
re«*tii*g the failure of the executive. : n
negotiating the murt iii*|ortant tgrasy
a. tbe blatoi | of ’be urn. n. to
nizd ihr constitutional power* of tn<
senate wr would g«» to Un* other ex
treme equally übjwtionab’e ii wngn*.
or thr senate should a**uirr tbe fu m
tion of tbe executive. <»ui highest duU
i* the preservation of >Lv constitute!
isjwerw of tech ami th*' promotion of
the spirit uf cu-u|**ration *> essential
to our common wcltan
Cann it Ignore Trralj .
h would be Mie to decatre fur sep-
arate treatirs of peace with the evu-
iral powers du me assumption that
these alone would be adequate be-
cause tbc situation is so involved that
our peace engagement* van nut ignoic
the uld world relationship and the sot-
Uelßcnts already effected nor It is de-
sirable to du so in preserving our uwu
rights and contracting out future ae*
laiiouehips.
The wiser course would sein to uc
the acceptance <»f tbr conilrmatiou uf
vur right* aud intcre»u as already pru-
vnlel and to engage under the existing
treaty asaum.ng. of course that this
tan be satisfactorily a<tomnli*h<d by
such explicit reservations and modifica-
tions as will secure our absolute free-
dom from inadvisable commitments and
safeguard all our essential interest*.
Neither evagreaa nor tbc people needs
my assurance that n reqtiett to nrgu-
t-at” needed treaties of peace woulij be
n* superiluotia und unnecessary as it is
t chnieaily ineffective and I know In
my ow nheart there la none who would
wish to embarrass the executive iu the
|terfonnan(*e of bin duty when we all
are eager io turn disappointment ami
delay into gratifying accomplishment.
Foreign Rrlnticns Important.
Problem** relating to our foreign re-
latioiH bear ttpqn the present and the
future aud are of such a nature that
the all-importaut luture must be deliber-
ately considered with greater concern
than mere immediate relief from un-
happy condition*. We have witnessed
yea. we have participated in the su-
premely tragi’’ episode of war. but our
deeper comern is in the continuing life
of ifntious and the development of civi-
lization.
We must d<. t allow our vision to Le
impaired by the conflict among our-
selves. The weariness at batec and
the disaP!»odiiinrnt to the world hare
been rompeii'«teri iu the pro*»( that this
republic will *urrender none of the
We Are Going to Move
About May Ist to 243 West Commerce corner St. Mary’s in the
building now occupied by the Field-Lippman Piano Company.
To enable us to put in more complete lines we must convert
our present stock. In order to do this we will sell our ENTIRE
stock consisting of hardware bicycles auto supplies sporting
goods lawn mowers garden tools velocipedes etc. at a—-
-20% Discount
Until We Begin To Move
The original price is on every article and not one piece has
been re-marked. You deduct the discount when sale is made.
EXAMPLE
Regolar Price. Sale Price
Bicycles $5O 00 $40.00
Acme 2-Quart Freezer 1.50 1.20
White Mountain Freezers 6.00 4.80
Hold-Fast Rat Traps 20c 16c
Vitalic Tires firsts 5.00 4.00
Vitalic Tires seconds 4.25 3.40
Ring Sorinkiers 1.25 1.00
Solar Bicycle Lamps 5.00 4.00
22-Short Cartridges 30c 24c
Universal Electric Iron 9.00 7.20
Royal Gasoline Iron 5.00 4.00
Ball-Bearing Lawn Mowers .... 16.00 12.80
Bathing Suits 4.50 3.60
Ball-Bearing Velocioedes 15.75 12.60
A. C. Titan Spark Plugs 1.00 50c
Goodyear Tube Repair Kits .... 60c 48c
SPECIAL —The Original Harper-Columbia
Bubble Books three record* and a 7
book $1.50 value < PC
Only one to a evutomer.
Hex Company
Crockett 28-235-237 West Commerce Street—Crockett 7307
NOTE—AutomcbiU wire whrrl. and wir wheal part excepted.
■
11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 l
heritage uf uatioDiliQ but uur right*
«u iuuanauouai kuduusmmlP base tu uc
k fcruu ; tut; «vquue ravautiaumeut iu
ut auu.j ; vUi pen iu ieiw-
jtUiuarßl auu .rMuraUuti cauuul cc
•<uut«u aßu mu»t uc ueatueu.
U itu uic buper-buvtruing league defi-
ahciy rejevtru an a wim su« »«urln m#
au« Wim tue »laiu« ui pcnKV
giruciasUKU in teumr we uiaj pruvttu iu
urgoUlic twt custuauteu .e.atiuliMiipa
u raeeniiiu tu toe m.ugtuuuu ui au
.nt i•gui• cveiywuert u uUr uwu ua-
tiuu auu piay uur lud iu juiUsii^
wie peviMKa uf tut wur«u *u u»c pu a
»uit> vs uu<e mure.
.Hum He«p Europe.
Uur obhgatauUa m tun\.ug European
irauaquiiii uttau^e uc wu. • uiutn-
Mieuta ate uUt K*n iiniriuug uli*
pati in imc war st»cL. auu a«*su t auuu
auu»( uc wruugut ueiure sue Uuuiau prw
vuvu can a* un*aiu ugam we cau
UC MCl.lsUl Uku4U«C Ut t*C aUUreU MJ ku
uatreiM auu uaiuu. nu ivara. aacip*
.Uint«» tiurs nut meat) t-uiaugiraaeu auu
partieipawun la vcuimhuiv «ujuatmeni>
wUve nut lucau »pju»u>»M«p treaty
cumiuiimeUia ua.ia uu uut wuceru ar
auu in huii j ue uui wave Du pan.
lb an all imiieiiiug utra tu uu the
must and ocm <ur uur own pumiv atm
maintain Ra niga ptace ainuug nauun»
and nt the Mutt t.aie uiaae uat tX>e»«
uttering uj juna-t tu taern t swan in-
vite in (uc uiust practical way tae au-
Vice ut tuc Bennie avter aoiuainnug u
wild all tuc uuuuitiuus tu ue met utiu
udiigaiivds tu De uiM-uarged aiuug witu
our uwu rigata tu De xaieguardeu.
Cannut Ignore Allie*.
Prudence in making rhe prugram and
couiiucui co-eperatiun iu maxiug it et-
Icctivt cauuul Rad ua tar aatray. Me
cab render uu efiectice service tu hu-
manity until we ptuve anew uur uwu
caimciiy iur cu-vpvratiun iu the vo-urdi-
aatiun uf puwcia cuuleniplard iu toe
cun*litnuun aud nu cuveaauta which
.giiure <»ur aaauciationa in tbc war can
s mad** fur the future.
Mot'euver. nu helpful society uf na
Luu» vnu be luiinurd uu juatice and
cummiltvd tu peace until the vovenauta
re-estabUsha>g (leave are waalrd by the
uatiun* wbicu acre at war. Tu such
accompli* umvnt— tu tae cumpleta re-ea
labliMhmont of pen<*c aid its contracted
relationship* tu thr rcalisatiou uf our
iu*i»irath»n* fur nation* a*»oc)at<4 for
world helpfulne*.* without world gov-
eminent tor wurld stability on wuicb
bumiNiity'a hope* are founded. * wr
shall add re am otnaelve* fully nunZul
of the high privilege aud th* para-
mount duty of the I'nited State* in
thh critical period of the world.
SCHOOL BONDS BOUGHT
State Hoard of Education Invent* Sit 7
.VM) in Securitieo.
Aurtfo Tex. April IA—AI the mouth
ly meeting of th* Mate board of *du -a
tion. $10i300 of school bond* were
iitr<-hared for the benefit of the (»ermj-
nenl school fund. Thi* waa only n
<inall portion of the bond* offered a*
over SI.’dMMWO of bond* had been pre-
tented for xale to th** board li.de-
|K*ndcnt rehool diairirt bond* purehaM*d
were. Haskell. $50000; Prairie Hill
yjH.INMI: L*Mkhnrt. SR Ml. 000; San Pa-
tricio $20000: Williamson county vita-
inon school district 11 $4500 The
board paid 5 per cent caah and will pay
10 per cent a month of the bon In
Ik ught.
On th** r^ommeudation of Mia* I’dm
ton. *tate superintendent nf pubLc in*
•t.net ion. the board extenued rural aid
to :NTJ rural school! amounting to 5^71.
000.
APRIL 12 1821.
LEVINE’S
It Pays to Pay Cash
We promise absolute
satisfaction and you’ll
never have cause to
doubt our word if
you’ll let us fit you up
in a
Kirschbaum
Suit for Spring
Patterns are beautiful
models the very new-
est Prices
$25.00 to $45.00
Our selection of
Straw Hats
for your approval—we
know will please you.
Priced
$2.40 to $17.50
Kash Levine’s
MAN’S STORB
109 Alamo Plaza
Free souvenir to
every boy and girl
accompanied by an
adult.
5
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Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Diehl, Charles S. & Beach, Harrison L. The San Antonio Light (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 83, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 12, 1921, newspaper, April 12, 1921; San Antonio, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1617183/m1/5/: accessed June 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; .