Chemogram, January 1997 Page: INSIDE BACK COVER
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Small particles are more likely to drift, especially particles less
than 100 pm (micrometers) in diameter. For good spray coverage
and reduced drift, particles 300-600 gm in diameter are typically
desired. Small particles fall slowly and are easily carried off-
target by even a gentle breeze. High temperatures and low relative
humidity may result in evaporation of spray droplets resulting in
smaller particles of chemical solution that are easily carried off-
target.
The following tips will help minimize the potential for spray drift:
1. Select pesticides with low volatility to reduce vapor drift..
2. Read and follow the pesticide label. Remember,
approximately 65% of drift complaints involve application in
violation of the label..
3. Avoid spraying with susceptible areas down wind or when the
wind speed is above 10 miles per hour. (5mph when applying
regulated herbicides).
4. Consider leaving a 200-300 ft buffer zone between field being
sprayed and sensitive area.
5. Best to spray early and late in the day when winds die down,
temperatures are low, and relative humidity is high. Use
additional caution when relative humidity is below 50%..6.
Consider using larger orifice sizes to increase droplet size.
7. Operate at the lower end of the recommended pressure range
with a low boom height. Keep boom just high enough to
assure proper coverage.
8. Consider using drift reduction nozzles to produce larger
droplets.
9. Consider using drift control additives "thickeners". If used
properly, can reduce drift 50-80%. If not used properly, can
cause non-uniform spray pattern and/or incorrect application
rate.
10. Use shields to reduce drift caused by wind.Texas Poultry Pest Control Survey
by Kent Hall
The following are some of the results of the poultry pest control
survey we conducted in 1996. A full report should be available in
the spring of 1997 in the form of an Extension publication.
Two hundred forty-one Texas poultry producers completed a
questionnaire. Seventy-nine percent of the respondents were
chicken broiler producers, 9% turkey broiler producers, 7%
breeder broiler producers, 4% pullet broiler producers, 3%
commercial egg producers of which 2% were breeders of
commercial egg layers, 2%were producers of commercial egg
pullets, and 1% were broiler egg producers.
Texas poultry production is concentrated in two areas of the state.
The largest concentrations are in the East and North Extension
Districts. One hundred eighteen of the survey respondents' poultry
operations are in Shelby and Nacogdoches counties. A smaller
concentration of poultry operations is in the Southwest and
Coastal Bend Extension Districts. Thirty producers from Gonzales
county responded to the survey.
Fire ants, mice, darkling beetles, house flies, and rats were a
problem in 94%, 84%, 83%, 71%, and 65% of the poultryoperations, respectively. Darkling beetles, black flies, and
varmints were a problem for a larger percentage of the
respondents in the East and North East areas of the State than
those in the Southwest and Coastal Bend areas. Forty-seven
percent of all the producers suffered some economic loss due to
fire ants in 1996.
Thirty-two percent of all respondents said that control of pests
was an important part of their poultry operation. Sixty-four
percent said that it was very important. Eighty-one percent used
some type of insecticide to protect birds or poultry facilities from
insect pests.
Destroy or remove dead birds, manure management, keep feeders
and caterers sanitary, control weeds to reduce flies, and thorough
cleaning between flocks were non-chemical pest control practices
used by 93%, 86%, 80%, 75%, and 63% of the respondents.
Iodine and poulphene were most popular disinfectants poultry
producers used. Few listed chemical products they applied
directly on the birds or incorporated in the feed. Of those who
did report chemical products applied directly on the birds Sevin*
dust was used most often. Larvadex* was the primary pest control
feed additive given. A variety of products were listed for
controlling pests on the premises. Sevin* was reported by 32% of
the survey respondents, Diazinon and Terminator* by 29%,
Tempo* by 15%, other insecticides by 19%, rodenticides by 11%,
and fire ant products by 10%. Roundup was the primary
herbicide used by the poultry producers (35%).
A majority of the producers (58%) used personal observation of
damage or infestation level to determine when to apply
insecticides to control pests. Thirty-six percent used an
established preventative program and 6% used both methods.
Company field service personnel were clearly the main source
producers relied on most for information on control of pests (84%
of the respondents). Neighbor - other poultry producers (48%)
was second and Extension Service (24%) was third.
The top three needs with respect to pest control of the Texas
poultry producers who responded to this survey were given as:
products that provide lasting control (67% of respondents),
products that provide more effective control (63%), and less
expensive products (53%).
The Food Quality Protection Agency of 1996 Has Many
Implications for Agriculture
by Rodney L. Holloway & Don L. Renchie
Of special interest to Texas, the new law contains a provision
that requires EPA to establish a time-limited tolerance when the
Agency grants an exemption from FIFRA, as allowed under
section 18. The Office of Pesticide Programs is working to
establish criteria for screening incoming section 18 requests, bot
specific and crisis, to ensure that the provisions of the new law
are met.
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Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Chemogram, January 1997, periodical, 1997; College Station, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1624005/m1/3/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.