The Meridian Tribune (Meridian, Tex.), Vol. 43, No. 10, Ed. 1 Friday, July 31, 1936 Page: 4 of 8
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PAGE TWO
1 THE MERIDIAN TRIBUNE
Friday, July 31, 1936
Frid
New Memorial to McGuffey
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
T
w 2
HE other day a great
crowd of people gath-
ered in the little city of
Oxford, Ohio. They
were there for a double
purpose — to celebrate
the one hundredth anniversary
of the publication of a book
but more particularly to honor
the memory of the man who
wrote that book by unveiling
a statue of him.
The man was William Holmes
McGuffey and' the book which
he published in 1836 was the
first of the' McGuffey Eclectic
Readers. Of him it, has been,
said that "he was the most pop-
ular American of the Nine-
teenth century, the man who
had the largest influence in
determining the thoughts and
ideals of the American people
during that period and the man
to whose work many great
Americans of the present day
pay tribute as being the foun-
tain of their inspiration to
aspire and to achieve.”
That is why many American
notables—authors, editors, edu-
cators, industrialists, statesmen
—were present when the statue,
the creation of one of America’s
leading sculptors, was anveiled
at Oxford. But the greater part
of the crowd there was made up
of "just plain folks,” members
of the numerous “McGuffey
Societies” scattered all over the
United States, who still cherish,
in their hearts the lessons they
learned from this "Schoolmaster
of a Nation” in his Eclectic
Readers.
The memorial at Oxford is the
second which has been erected
in his honor within the last two
years. In 1934 another great
DEDICATION OF THE McGUFFEY MEMORIAL AT HIS BIRTH-
PLACE NEAR WASHINGTON, PA. (At the left stands Nancy
Pardee Newton of Ypsilanti, Mich., Designer of the Plaque.)'
United States Supreme court not
infrequently was colored by the
readers he had studied 50 years
before. Ida M. Tarbell, the late
Albert J. Beveridge, and many
others credit McGuffey with hav-
ing had a large share in shaping
their minds.
The story of the McGuffeys
goes back to August, 1774, when
.William and Anne (McKittrick)
McGuffey emigrated to this
country from Scotland. Landing
at Philadelphia, they journeyed
to the southern border of York
county, Pennsylvania, where they
settled. / This Scotch family had
one son, Alexander, who was six
years old when they arrived in
America.
Alexander grew up to be a
scout and Indian fighter, serving
in Ohio and western Pennsyl-
vania under Arthur St. Clair and
Anthony Wayne. At the end of
the campaign of 1794 he married
Miss Anna Holmes of Washing-
ton county, Pennsylvania, and
settled as a farmer in that coun-
ty. Here, William Holmes Mc-
Guffey was born, September 23,
1800.
When the lad was two years
old, the McGuffeys removed to
Trumbull county, Ohio, where
Alexander McGuffey purchased
a farm of 165 acres in Cortsville
village, Cortsville township, in
WILLIAM H. McGUFFEY
throng gathered near Washing-
ton, Pa., to dedicate a huge gran-
ite boulder on the site of the log
cabin where McGuffey was born.
The crumbling remains of that
cabin were removed to Dearborn,
Mich., in 1928, rebuilt and added
to the Edison institute collection
by Henry Ford, through whose
efforts 70 acres of the McGuffey
farm were purchased for a per-
manent memorial. At that time
Mr. Ford made one of his few
public addresses. It was this
laconic statement: “I am glad to
join you today in giving honor to
Doctor McGuffey. He was a
great American. The McGuffey
Readers taught industry and mo-
rality to America.”
Tributes From Notables
But Henry Ford is not alone
in paying tribute to the Ohio
schoolmaster.1 In fact, the list
of those who have acknowledged
their indebtedness to his teach-
ings is a veritable American
“Who’s Who.”
Herbert Quick in writing of his
childhood in rural Iowa in his
book, “One Man’s Life,” says:
“I had a burning thirst for books.
On those farms a boy or girl with
my appetite for literature was a
frog,in a desert. The thirst was
satisfied and, more important,
was stimulated to aspiration for
further satisfaction by an 'old
dog-eared volume of McGuffey’s,
the standard school readers of
my day. My mastery of the first
and second ' readers—just the
opening of the marvels of the
printed page—was a poignant de-
light and gave me a sort of ec-
stasy. Those text-books consti-
tute the most influential volumes
ever published in America.”
Newton D. Baker, secretary of
war under President Wilson, once
declared that a certain melan-
choly poem contained in the Fifth
Reader made an impression on
him that still remains, and the
late Justice John H. Clarke said
that the language he used in
handing down decisions of the
the Connecticut Western Re-
serve.
1 One day Rev. Thomas Hughes,
Presbyterian minister, was rid-
ing by the lonely McGuffey cab-
in. He overheard the mother
praying that her young son, Wil-
liam, might have the opportu-
nity to secure an education that’
would fit him for life and for the
ministry. Reverend Hughes ar-
ranged to have the boy attend
school at the “Old Stone acad-
emy” which he had opened at
Darlington, Pa. The tuition was
$3 a year and board 75 cents a
week. Here William received his
academic training and by the
time he was eighteen was ready
for a collegiate course.
He went to the nearest college,
Washington college, in Pennsyl-
vania, and there came under the
influence of Dr. Andrew Wylie,
president of the college. He stud-
ied Latin, Greek and Hebrew as
well as English and was gradu-
ated with honors in 1826, receiv-
ing the bachelor of arts degree.
A Pioneer Teacher
While attending Washington
college he supported himself in
part by teaching. He taught a
pioneer school in Kentucky, his
work being observed by the first
I president of Miami university
that had been founded at Oxford,
Ohio, in 1809. This man, Rev.
Robert Hamilton Bishop, at once
recognized the power and devo-
tion of the young undergraduate
student and offered him a posi-
tion at Miami, to begin in the
autumn of 1826.
The minutes of the board of
trustees show that he was em-
ployed as professor of languages.
Miami tradition tells that he rode
into Oxford with his little brother
Alexander with his personal cop-
ies of Levy, Horace,, Memora-
bilia and the Greek and Hebrew
texts of the Bible in his saddle
bags.
Soon after coming to Oxford he
met Harriet Spining, daughter of
Judge Isaac Spining of Dayton,
who was visiting her uncle in Ox-
ford. They became engaged and
Were married April 3, 1827.
While at Miami, McGuffey
wrote the first and second of the
graded set of readers—the first
in 1836 and the second in 1837.
Both the third and fourth read-
ers were written at Cincinnati in
1838. His brother, Alexander,
aided Professor McGuffey in the
revision of the readers and col-
lected much of the material for
the fifth and sixth readers.
, After some time at' Miami,
Professor McGuffey, whose in-
terest lay in the field of litera-
ture and philosophy, was ten-
dered a professorship of mental
philosophy. He carried on theo-
logical studies privately and on
March 29, 1829, he received his
ordination into the ministry of
the Presbyterian church, with
the degree of doctor of divinity.
McGuffey recognized the
dearth of reading material in
the common schools of the time.
He had a keen literary sense and
was able to select much that ap-
pealed to young minds. It was
this selection of lessons from a
wide range of authors that
caused him to name the readers
McGuffey Eclectic Readers.
/ To read them is to catch a
glimpse of the stern reality of
life in the America of the Nine-
teenth century. Humor is ab-
sent from every one of them—
from McGuffey’s New First
Eclectic Reader, from which the
smallest children learned their
ABCs and were fascinated by the
quaint woodcuts of birds and an-
imals, to the New Sixth ’Eclectic
Reader, a 456-page volume of
solid and forbidding type, de-
scribed on the fly-leaf as “Ex-
ercises of Rhetorical Reading
with Introductory Rules and Ex-
amples.” •
Moral Lessons
All of the stories in this vol-
ume ended with a moral and
some of the poems were set to
music for singing. At the end of
the book were the Ten Com-
mandments in verse and this ex-
hortation:
"With all thy soul love God
above.
And as thyself thy neighbor
love.”
Back in the eighties every
child was told more than once
by his parents: “If at first you
don’t succeed, try, try again!”
They got that maxim from a
poem in McGuffey’s New Fourth
Eclectic Reader, as they did the
admonition to “Waste not, want
not.” When they taught their
M° GUTTEYS
c
ACLEC Ticpe
CAN BOOK
FIRST READER TITLE PAGE
children that it was a sin to ab-
stain from "licking" the plate
clean” they were repeating the
title of a little drama in McGuf-
fey’s Fourth Reader. “Lazy
Ned,” “Meddlesome Matty,” “A
Mother’s Gift, the Bible,” “Ex-
tract from the ‘Sermon on the
Mount’ ” are some of the other
well-remembered titles.
The Fifth Reader has the title:
“McGuffey’s New Fifth Eclectic
Reader: Selected and Original
Exercises for Schools.” Here
we find old friends: “Maud Mul-
ler,” “Shylock, of the Pound of
Flesh.” “Effects of Gambling,”
which begins:
“The love of gambling steals,
perhaps more often than any oth-
er sin, with an imperceptible in-
fluence on its victim. Its first
pretext is inconsiderable, and
falsely termed innocent play,
with no more than the gentle ex-
citement necessary to amuse-
ment. The plea, once indulged,
is but too often ‘as the letting out
of water.’ The interest imper-
ceptibly grows. Pride of supe-
rior skill, opportunity, avarice,
and all the overwhelming pas-
sions of depraved natures, ally
themselves with the incipient
and growing fondness. Darn and
dike are swept away. The vic-
tim struggles in vain, and is
borne down by the uncontrolled
current." - .
“The Bible, the Best of Class-
ics," “Religion the Only Basis of
Society,” “The Intemperate Hus-
band,” are the titles of other les-
sons, and many of these articles
are honored by the name of the
author in the index. That famil-
iar poem, “The Spider and the
Fly,” is given in this reader.
“Directions for Reading” are ex-
pounded and rules for proper dic-
tion are stressed;
It remains for the Sixth Read-
er to begin with “Principles of
Education,” which is considered
under six heads: 1. Articulation.
2. Inflection. 3. Accent and Em-
phasis. 4. Reading verse. 5. The
voice. 6. Gesture.
All faults to be remedied are
meticulously listed. Indeed, les-
sons in articulation start with
the second reader, and proper
emphasis and correct pronunci-
ation are stressed all through the
series.
The Sixth Reader also con-
tained such classics as Hamlet’s
© New York Post.—WNU Service.
Fans Last Ovation
to Humphreys Best
Memory to Retain
LE HAD been leaning forward
1 A from one of the padded leath-
er'chairs in a corner of the Garden
boxing office. Felt hat carefully bal-
anced on one knee, he had been
listening eagerly to the brisk gos-
sip, watching Marge dispose of too
presumptuous free-ticket seekers
breathing again the breath o- what
had been life to him for almost
fifty years.
NATIONAL Leaguers aver that
1 Charley Gehringer was the
best American circuit performer in
the All-Star affair with Lou Gehrig
ranking a very close seconu .
Eddit Stuart, best of all lacrosse
goalies when he operated in front
of the Mount Washington and Cres-
cent A. C. nets, has moved from
Westchester to a better business
proposition in Boston . . . Watch.
| Southern California next fall. The
behind-the-scenes dope is that Hcw-
ard Jones again has assembled one
of the nation’s best football teams
. . . It’s tough preparing for an
Olympic invasion. A recent letter
from Berlin confides that officials
have, been working overtime stock-
ing up sixteen different brands of
chewing gum for the athletes.
Unless he takes a salary cut Jim-
my Wilson may be looking for a
new job next year. Now that the
once great catcher no longer is
very active on the playing field his
boss seems to feel that a $17,00C
annual salary is too much for a
mere Phillie manager . . . Van
Mungo is not surprised at the un
justified rumors that he misbe-
haved before the All-Star game,
When he checked in at his, hotel on
Monday morning he was assigned
to Room 313 and when he aid for
his breakfast he received a $2 bill
in change. After that he was pre-
pared for anything in the way of
hard luck.
One More Drop and
Man Should Be Out
The scientist, returning medi-
tatively from a lecture, came up-
on the recumbent figure of a man
in front of a house. He discov-
ered that the man lived there.
He piloted him upstairs and,
opening a door, pushed him in.
On reaching the ground floor
again, another human being con-
fronted him, and he also needed
help to the first floor. But when
the scientist found yet another
fellow-creature in distress his
curiosity was aroused, and he
said, “This is very strange.”
The prone figure spoke: “Mis-
ter, don’t drop me down the ele-
vator ’ole again.”.
Will Not Catch
It is difficult to set the world
afire because most people are
green timber and noninflamma-
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124
MEUFFXY‛8 PRIMER
LESSON XXIV.
off
box
eye
and
cat
boy
ran
got
sat
lid
bid
put
A boy put a cat in a box.
A hen. was in the box.
The boy sat on the lid of the box.
The cat bit the hen; and the hen
put out the eye of the cat
The boy got off the lid of the box.
The cat got out and ran of
LESSON XXY
in
as
the
sun
*
bs
hyy
too
up
get
hen
was
The hen was too ill to get up, but
not so ill as to die.
The hen was put on the bays in
the sun.
A LEAF FROM THE PRIMER
soliloquy and “The Fall of Car-
dinal Wolsey,” from "Henry
VIII;” Scott’s “Lochinvar” and
“Marmion and Douglas”; Gray’s
Elegy; .Macauley on “The Im-
peachment of Warren Hastings";
Tennyson’s “Enoch Arden”;
Poe’s “The Raven”; Longfel-
low’s “Evangeline,”, and "A
Psalm of Life.”
In 1836 Doctor McGuffey left
Oxford to accept the presidency
of Cincinnati college. In 1839 he
became president of Ohio univer-
sity at Athens. In 1844 he re-
turned to Cincinnati and served
as professor at Woodward col-
lege, afterward known as Wood-
ward high school.
In 1845 McGuffey went to the
University of Virginia as profes-
sor of philosophy. He was pop-
ular with his students and he
taught, says one writer, “with the
simplicity of a child, with the
precision of a mathematician,
and with the authority of truth.”
An old friend left the following
description of Dr. McGuffey: “A
man of medium stature and
compact figure. His forehead
was broad and full; his eyes
clear and expressive. His fea-
tures were of the strongly
marked rugged Scotch type. He
was a ready speaker, a popular
lecturer on education, and an
able preacher.”
- Dr. McGuffey’s conscientious-
ness was proverbial. When he
was nearly seventy-three years
old he prepared a 500-page book
on philosophy. It was the result
of ten years of careful research.
But he was so critical that after
the book was already in type he
decided that it was not worthy
of publication and ordered it
withheld. He remained at the
Virginia institution until his
death on May 4, 1873.
But he had lived to see his
readers selling into the millions
and extending their influence in-
to other lands by being translat-
ed into many foreign languages.
How great that influence was is
impossible to estimate. But there
is no doubt that their serious pur-
pose, their kindly spirit and their
high moral tone made children
of an earlier generation better
men and women today. At least,
that is the unanimous testimony
of the devoted members of the
McGuffey Societies—thousands of
Americans in all walks of life.
© Western Newspaper Union.
TH
Then the crowd had drifted
away. I looked at him again.
After all, times change, old
friends drop off quickly. .Vhen a
man who has been out of close
touch so long is shoved again into
the spotlight he must wonder if it
will be the same. ' He—I thought
that I noted one gnarled hand trem-
bling slightly. We fel’ to talking,
not about the illness that came
three years ago, but about other
brighter days.
There were stories about boyhood
moments on Oliver street when he
used to play marbles with the
“Governor,” a gentleman who is
known more familiarly to most oth-
ers as Al Smith.
About how Murphy, who seldom
went to fights, once sat beside him
Pie Traynor Convinced
Diz Would Make Pirates
High Dignity
One of the sublimest things in
the world is plain truth.
Joe Humphreys
at a
ming
pulse-strum-
bout
punched his
and
ribs
black and blue in
the midst of the ex-
citement. About
how Sullivan named
him "Joe the
Beaut,” a title
which he much pre-
ferred to the "Bow-
ery Demosthenes”
which some news-
paper guy tagged
on him years later.
There was the proud oast that,
for years, he had been’ able to
smoke a cigarette, chew gum and
announce a fight at the same time.
How did he come to get into this
racket? Well, he was a newsboy
when he was ten years old and
folks who, used to listen to him on
the old Produce Exchange corner
used to admire the power of his
voice even then. After that there
was a lot of distinction to be
achieved as master of ceremonies
at balls and parties.
Call for "Beaut" Started
Famed Announcer’s Career
Then one night, when Chuck Con-
nors was meeting Billy Welsh at
Maisch’s Little Casino down on
Bowery near Pearl, the regular an-
nouncer did not appear. A spec-
tator stood up and demanded that
“Joe the Beaut” be given the job.
Joe got it. Whether the “Mayor
of Chinatown,” that was Connors,
beat the “Little John L.,” that was
Welsh, on this occasion is some-
thing he could not remember. But
he did remember that 14 was one
of the happiest nights of his life
though.
The very happiest? No, those
were swell times when he and Sam
Farris and Terry McGovern were
in the fight business. Best fighter
that ever lived, that Terry.
Secret of success? Well, what
you had to have to handle a crowd
was a voice, personality and col-
or. It ought to be a deep, bass
voice with lots of vibrations. You
shouldn’t ought to. antagonize the
crowd either. What you shouk do
was use good judgment and try to
keep them friendly.
. , What?- Well, yeah, maybe he was
sometimes misquoted. But what of
it Suppose ht did stand up in
the old Garden that last nigh: there
and demand silence so he could
pronounce a “apostrophe” to the
famed statue of Diana. The point
about that was that he’d an-
nounced fights in this state under
three boxing laws since 1899.
Besides, what if some people did
laugh at that crack. It made them
happy and so kept them satisfied,
didn’t it? Well, that was the real
job of an announcer and if some of
those birds who---
The ebb and flow of a boxing eve-
ning had brought the crowd back
into the little office again. Jimmy
Johnston was waiting to go down-
stairs with, his old friend. I rose
and shook a hand that no longer
trembled.
“So long,” he said. “I’ll be—hey,
I tell you what. You’re always us-
ing old-time pictures on those
sports pages of yours. Why don’t
you come out some day? I've got
a lot of them and we could sit
around some more and---.”
Along with so many others 1 am
going to miss Joe Humphreys.
Pie Traynor will tell you that it
the Pirates had Dizzy Dean they
would win the pen-
nant easily . . . Al-
though they do not
deny that the big
boy may do it, the
smarter and more
honest boxing peo-
ple feel that Joe
Louis will need
more than the ex-
i tra foot of bandage
| permitted him by
′ the ever - obliging
Pie Traynor New York boxing
commission before
he makes a comeback , . . Rab-
bit Warstler, obtained from the A’s
recently, should be of real help
to the Bees. He is one of the
best defensive infielders in the busi-
ness and when he is happy, hits
.300 in the clutch. His Philadelphia
trouble was that he did not like the
way Connie Mack treated him . . .
Incidentally Mr. Mack would be
something less than a poputa. fa-
vorite in Boston even i he returned
all that dough he has been taking
out of the town since he located
the Yawkey bakery. The fans are
sore because he was in a town on a
Sunday for a regularly scheduled
contest but would not wait over
for the All-Star affair two days la-
ter.
Another hot Boston blast is di-
rected at the National league. The
fans, who esteem Wally Berger so
highly that the Bees were afraid
to make several very promising
deals for him this spring, cannot
understand why he was kept on the
bench during the dream game in
his home park . . . Larry Benton,
a great pitcher when he served
the Braves and Giants, soon will
be released by the Baltimore club
. . . Rudd Hoyle, 185-pound triple-
threat star at Hun school in Prince-
ton, is an unreasonable lad. In
spite of tempting offers from two
major colleges nearer home the
youngster, who is tabbed as
“surefire varsity,” plans to enter
Harvard this fall.
The best minor league buy right
now is Cliff Melton, who once had
a tryout with the Yankees. He is
a big, young, limber and not too
smart Southerner possessed of a
very good fast ball and a sharp
breaking curve. Baltimore is ask-
ing $50,000 for him and will take
20 G’s less—Don Lash, who possi-
bly is the best Olympic distance
star ever developed in the U. S.,
did his first running as a bare-
footea boy of thirteen. That was
in the cow pasture back of the
little red school in his home ham-
let of Auburn, Ind. Could it be
that Penn, the team which may
end Princeton’s football winning
streak early in October, already
has started practice?
The New York state athletic
commission has dug up an old
rule which decrees that all prize
fight contracts must be signed at
the commission’s office. This, nat-
urally, will not improve the very
messy boxing situation but should
give the matchmaking state offi-
cials some swell extra chances to
get their pictures in the papers
. . . A Boston restaurant features
a Bill Terry hot plate on its “Ce-
lebrity” menu. The dish is “Fresh-
ly made corned beef hash with
dropped egg.” . . . Jimmy Eut-
well, who came back from the
World war to continue his career
as one of the all-time great jock-
eys, now is a patrol judge.
Jersey City hopes to get the To-
ronto, International league, fran-
chise next year. Mayor Hague’s
new stadium, which will sea 38,000
for baseball and 65,000 for fights,
being the reason for revived sports
interest across the river . . . Even
though the Giants are slipping
there is no danger of Eddie Bran-
nick losing his title as,the best
dressed secretary in baseball. On
the club’s last Western trip he
packed 45 brightly striped and dot.
ted neckties . . . Aside from win-
ning prize fights lightweight con-
tender Leonard Del Genic likes
nothing better than to read Charles ’
Dickens.
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The Meridian Tribune (Meridian, Tex.), Vol. 43, No. 10, Ed. 1 Friday, July 31, 1936, newspaper, July 31, 1936; Meridian, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1631605/m1/4/: accessed July 6, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Meridian Public Library.