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448,685
as it passes over the divisions on the tan-
gent-lines, it shows the distance from the ccn-
ter to the tangent-line. This distance is al-
ways equal to the radius plus the value of as
many equal parts as there are on the needle
between the first are and tangent line. The
smaller square at the apex of the right angle
represents a square of forty-five degree, the
lines extending each way from the center of
the inner are to the sides of the square and
may be marked sine and cosine of forty-five
degrees. In length they represent a distance
a little greater than seven-tenths compared
with the radius of a circle. This square is
left blank, and we begin at seven-tenths and
count eight, nine, ten,as shown in the drawing.
This device may be laid off on face of com-
pass, if desired, and the needle of the com-
pass be made to serve in place of the needle
in the drawing.
It is evident that the size of the instrument
may be varied, that the degrees may be sub-
divided, and that the tangent-lines may be di-
vided into as small divisions as desired.
IIHaving fully described my invention, what
I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let-
ters Patent, is-
1. In a surveying-instrument, the combina-
tion, with a quadrant, of a square located
therein and a needle pivoted at the meeting-
point of the radii of said quadrant, said square
and needle being graduated, substantially as
set forth.
2. In a surveying-instrumlent, the combina-tion, with a quadrant having two all's and a 35
square within said quadrant, of a needle piv-
oted at the meeting-point of the radii of the
quadrant, said arcs, square, and needle hav-
ing graduations thereon, substantially as set
forth. 40
3. In a surveying-instrument, the combina-
tion, with a quadrant having two graduated
arcs, of a graduated square in said quadrant
and a needle pivoted at the nmeeting-point of
the radii of the quadrant, that portion of the 45
needle between the arcs being provided with
graduations representing a certain number
of equal parts, substantially as set forth.
4. In a surveying-instrument, the combina-
tion, with a quadrant having an inner and an 50
outer are, of a square located in said quad-
rant, the tangents formed by said square be-
ing divided into a number of equal parts rep-
resenting units (hundredths) and the radii
of the inner are being divided into a number 55
of divisions corresponding with the divisions
on the tangent-lines, and a needle pivoted at
the meeting-point of the radii of the quad-
rant and provided with graduations between
the two ares, substantially as set forth. 60o
In testimony whereof I have signed this
specification in the presence of two subscrib-
ing witnesses.
vt RE"NTIN'E 11AIT'fGROIE0VS S111TIi.
Witnesses:
J.. 3. M3ELSEN,
E. RI. CRABTREE.
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Smith, Valentine Hartgroves. Plotter., patent, March 24, 1891; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth172643/m1/3/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.