Well-Drilling Apparatus. Page: 4 of 6
[2], 4 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this patent.
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554,820
These blades 12 are pivotally mounted in a
transverse slot 14 extending diametrically
through tile reamer-stock, and upon opposite
sides of tile plane of said slot and arranged
5 vertically, as shown in Fig. 6, are ports or
channels 15, whereby communication is es-
tablished between the interior of the core and
the socket 16 at the lower end of the reamer-
stock. Threaded in this socket 16 is the
io shank 17 of an ordinary flat-bladed drill-bit
18, the shank being bored, as shown at 19,
and being provided with outlet-perforations
20 communicating with the bore 19, whereby
water may pass from the interior of the core,
15 through the channels 15, bore 19, and perfo-
rations 20, to the space upon opposite sides of
the blade of the drill-bit to remove cuttings
and carry them upward outside of the drill-
rod.
20 Mlounted axially in the interior of the core
is a piston head or plunger 21, fitting snugly
in the bore of the core, the latter being coun-
terbored or channeled at its lower end, as
shown at 22, whereby when the piston-head
25 is in its lowered position, as shown in Fig. 3,
water may pass from the interior of the bore
to the space below the piston-head to com-
municate with the channels 15. Attached to
the upper side of said piston head or valve
5o 21 is a bar 23, and depending from said pis-
ton head or valve and operating in a guide-
opening 24 in the upper end of the reamer-
stock 11, is a stein 25, which is connected
with the reamer-blades whereby a vertical
35 movement of the piston head or valve is com-
municated to the blades, to either expand or
fold the same. The connection shown in
Fig. 3 is accomplished by means of rack-teeth
on the stem meshing with gear-segments on
40 the inner ends of the blades, said inner ends
of the blades being rounded concentrically
with their pivots.
The function of the bar 23 is to assist the
pressure of water upon the surface of the
45 piston-head in expanding the blades, and in
case the blades resist the downward pressure
of the water and the bar the latter may be
affected to accomplish the expansion by jar-
ring the tubing. A similar connection be-
50 tween the stem of the piston head or valve is
shown in Fig. 4, wherein flexible ribbons or
straps 2o, connected at one end to the stem and
at the other end to the rounded extremities of
the blades, are employed; and it will be seen
55 that when the piston head or valve is de-
pressed by the admission of water to the in-
terior of the core such notion is communi-
cated through the ribbons or straps to the
blades and the operating extremities of the
6o latter are swung outward.
In Fig. 51 have shown still another modified
form of my reamer-blade-expanding devices,
the same consisting of a piston head or valve 27
mounted in a bore 28 in the reamer-stock 29,
65 said bore being provided in its walls with
grooves or channels 30, whereby when the
piston head or valve is in its depressed posi-tion water may pass from the interior of the
bore 28 above the piston head or valve to the
bore 19 in the drill-bit shank, and whereby 70
previous to the depression of said piston head
or valve such flow of the water around the
same is prevented, a stem 31 rising from the
center of the piston head or valve into the
space or slot 32, in which the reanler-blades 75
33 are mounted, and flexible ribbons or straps
34 connecting the upper extremity of the stem
31 with the rounded inner ends of the blades,
said ribbons or straps and the manner of con-
necting the same to the blades being identi- 80o
cal with that shown in Fig. 4.
It will be seen that the only difference be-
tween the constructions shown in Figs. 4 and
5 is that in Fig. 5 the position of the piston
head orvalve and its stem is reversed, the pis- 85
ton head or valve proper operating in a bore
formed in the reamer-stock, whereas in Fig.
4 the piston head or valve operates in the bore
of the core. The constructions shown in Figs.
3 and 4 are preferable to that shown in Fig. 90
5, for the reason that the latter requires an
extended reamer-stock, thus placing the bit
at a considerable distance below the reamer-
blades, whereas the former disposes the bit
close to the frame of the reamer-blades. 95
Although not shown in the drawings, it will
be understood that the reamer-stock shown
in Fig. 5 is provided with perforations simi-
lar to those described in connection with Fig.
6 for conducting water from the interior of ico
the core to the upper end of the bore 28 or
the space above the piston head or valve 27.
From the above description it will be seen
that the blades are mounted to swing through
an are of ninety degrees from a horizontal op- 105
erative position downwardly to a vertical or
folded position in which the blades are wholly
concealed within the transverse opening or
slot and as the blades fold downwardly they
will be turned to their folded positions by o10
contact with the sides of a drill-hole when the
drilling apparatus is elevated. The inner
extremities of the blades are rounded con-
centric with their pivots in order to remain
at their inner ends at the same interval in all. 115
positions, this construction being adopted for
the reason that the stem of tile piston is ex-
tended between the rounded ends and it is
desirable to maintain the stem permanently
in engagement with both blades in all posi- 120o
tions. The upper end or wall of tile slot or
opening in the reamer-stock serves as a stop
to limit the upward swinging movement of
the blades and thus prevent deflection when
the apparatus is in use. 125
The means for mounting the reamer-blades
in the slot or opening 14 comprise pivot-pins
35 fitting in horizontal openings 36 formed in
the reamer-stock and intersecting said slot or
opening 14, one end of the openings 30 being 130
reduced, as shown at 37, and a locking-screw
38 being arranged in the opposite end of said
opening to prevent the accidental displace-
ment of the pin. The object of the reduced
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Horton, Stephen A. Well-Drilling Apparatus., patent, February 18, 1896; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth174223/m1/4/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.