The Southern Intelligencer. (Austin City, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 38, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 11, 1859 Page: 1 of 4
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BAKER, LAMBERT & PERRY,
" Ttotling tfltmiale, nor stl botmt ¡uigbl nt innlitt."
IL. 3-
AUSTIN CITY, WEDNESDAY, MAY 11. 1859.
PROPRIETORS.
N O. 88.
r«E INTELLIGENCER,
IS PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY.
.An Ilickory St., Corner below DulTau's
i inswenflon's new lluji.dinq.)
T K B M * i
. nollarfl ani) fifty cento per year,
bo d0l ÍaVAIU,K in advance.
tnbirription will Ite reeeived* without
1 $3 §0 accompanying it.
knyrt ¡—Simile Copy, per year. # 2 ¡JO
,_Flvo icllt to 0110 nildreu 10 UO
CW Ten to on oiUlreas ,. 1 g .10
Fifteen sent to ono nililrnin 25 00
Twenty to ono nddroas 30 00
hate« of advbbtimiko t
lor Olio Insertion 8 1 00
S arc' for ev«ry subsequent Insertion AO
L,re, six niouth' ^7 00
iiS'iilicounf wi'll lio nimio from tlio lmvo rato,
ES&ment of more tlmiii onn squsro.
Mtt>reMen''l>a' (tblsslio tpye.) Fifteen
u Brevier type
Awwouwe "®!**"'
UiintJ Officers • « go
C'fwto Offlccre 1U 00
book andjoii printing.
,,ro«terlul being entirely now, wo oro prepared to
Kite every variety of
Mk/.b,Cni-«l,niid Oriinmciilnl Prhilinif
EjsWe ratos, and in a stylo unsurpassed by any
rf in the South. , , ,, ,
Jijuilncm communication addressed to
¡giK«U. IiAMBEBT is PERRY
Intelligencer Offer, Justin, Texas
fuslip GHy ^ílrecfolrg.'
«MERCHANTS.
MONO. Johu, Denier in «tuple and fnncy dry
odw, Pncanwroftt. nlO ly
iRR R. 1)., Dottier in clothing, Con grow Avenue.
Austin. * nlSMy
IgKMAN & Co., Tho*., Dealer in dry goods nnd
jerioi, Pornn utmrt, n 12-1 y
fcKCOCK, fiooreo, Mcrchnnt, cornor Pecnn nnd
I (¿tlgreM Avenue. _ _ nlQ-ly
faoN fc IIAIUtKLL, Drnlera in dry goods. Con-
i Awnue. nllMv
I AVAKBtJKCí fo Rro., Driller* in «tapio nnd fancy dry
I nwk fniigrofi* Avennn. n!3
■¡ELP8 & JOHNSTON, Dealer* lu sfnple n id fnncy
I drysoo.ia. cor. Bol* d'Arr nnd Oonnrre** Avnnun.
ionlN^ON & Hon, Dctilor* in diy goods and groce
IrÍM. Pncnn Htroot. _ 12
iQBlNfiON &' STIáLFOX, Dealers in dry goods nnd
I ernreri',«. Con'/res* /Jvenne. 13
EÑlNfioN, Hemy. Denier lit cigars and tobacco,
lOonfrcif Avenue. W'
JPSON & HENTMCKS, Dnalcrs in dry goods and
Ijrnwle*. fT. Pernnnn^ Avenue. 12
EÍ|(}á PATTKRHON, Dealers in grúceriéf and pro
| rwionv, Contrre** Avenue.
iPPfl&Co., K., dealers in groceries and provisions,
I funirPfo Arenno. 1~
MECH AN ICS.
JlU8H, S. 11., Mnniifnctnr* r nnd dealer in tin ware,
| itovpi, etc., etc., Congress Avenue.
HOP. Josinli, Watch nnd clock maker, Congress
f ¿rentic.
IaUN. a., Manufacturer nnd dealer in jewelry, Con-
y pt«g Avenue.
BUflH,fi B., Southern Fire Proof roofer, Congress
lArmvx
NGENEll, II. C-, Jloot and Shoo maker, Congress
| Avsnno.
IKGLAND tf Co., J. W.,.dealers in furniture, Pecan
1 itrort.
JoWl.ER, WM. M., Carriage malccr and lllttcksmitli.
■ Pspsn street.
IEUZOG, B., A/erehant Tailor, no 2, Zillor's Build*
\ lug. Pccnn street.
WBElKiKll, J., Tailor, in his new shop, Congress
I Avcnne.
OMIfi ^ CHIUHTIAN, carpenters an joidners,
ICflBBTfs Avenue.
IILLCTTi C. F., carpenter and joiner, Congress
Aaenac.
JLlPHANT, Win, silversmith and jeweler, Pecan
I itrect.
NROD, S. 8., Boot and shoe maker, Congress
I ¿retrae.
fAl-KKH, K. i).. Hiuld nnd hnriu'ss maker, iwo
doors below ^wetiion's. Conuress Avenue: vQnlil
miuooiSTS.
ikkr if SMYTH, Apothecarii s and Druggists, Po-
lcan street.
J)WNESF.ND, M. W., dealer in Drugs, hardware and
Bfather. Congres* Avenue.
^ONFI^CTION AlillSS.
■ALITZKY, I.0uí8, Restaurant and Confectionary,
"k0oogress Avenue.
lONTAIGNE, O. P., French Bakery and Confection*
I,*ry. and hot coffee saloon. Congress Avenue.
umaT¡ 7 Ed., Hestnurant, Confectionary and Bak*
Avemw.
^AIITISTIC.
ARKER, M. VV., Photographic nud Anihrotypo (inl*
1 lory. Congress Avenue
lAKl'KR, A. B., Ambrotypist, over FreeiuiiM's old
" itore. Pecnn ntroot.
misceixaneous.
11/8tin City LlVery Stable John T. MU'er. propri*
Mtor. Corner Congress Avenue and Bol d'tfo st.
WTU'S HOTEL, corner Congress Avenue and Pecan
[rtreet. K.B. Smith, Proprietor.
/ ALfilíá' Livery Stable, back of tfio Sweiifon build
Jug. p. WA 1.811.
PHYSICIAN'S CARDS-
BR, 8, W., Physician and Surgeon. Residence
[ Congruas Avenuo. .vlnl
JOABDMAN, GEO. T., Burgeon Dentist, Austin, Tex"
IU|hns re. t jvod his office from Pecan St. to Swen"
I'bn ' ^ng,front entrnnce up stairs,first door to the left*
IB .sllf particular attention to his success in presen*
P* natural toeth. thousands of which are lost by ne*
tftad bod operations. Artificial toeth inaorted on the
¡improved method. All operations guaranteed.
Ladies waited upon at their rosidences if desired.
■ Dec. 34 '56 nlfl—ly
JHONKRITE, DR. LYMAN, Dentist, No. 64, Swen-
I aon's building, Austin. While tho^nasion for cheap
y continues to be indulged.plugging carious teeth,
as ofsa:. Ing ti em,can nonrer nriso abovethedistrust
Mowfattends it,for teeth will continue tobe plugged,by
gilful men and lost in a fejyyearj.. Woodwork neverfalls
T6ces, good plugs never fall out—neither does the
decay around them. They are as permanently
m if they had never decayed. Dec- 1,'SB v3 nlá tf.
NEW MUSIC STORE.
I undertigned informs tho citiznna of Aub-
I t'o. and the public in aoncrnl, that lii« tnnnic
Pre nnd stock of tnuaio ii now completed, and
" be ii now tlioroughly prepared to execute
J orders in that lino. An abundant supply in
|bruehei of mtiaic ia on hand, via t For Piano,
W, Piute and Piano, Violin nnd Piano, Vio-
illo and Piano, Clarionet and Piano, aongi
I Piano, and songa with Quitar accoinpuni-
*> Iastruetors, Orchestra nnd ltrasa-band
*l«o all sorts oi music paper, (ruled,)
_j"M for all instrumenta, (wnrranted Italian
PJP-) Catalogues of luusic can be had grat-
'pplicntion. Persons sending post-stamps
I of money, are requested to send 3 cent
J*jl,,-i Any piece of music, oven if not on
i will be procured without extra charge.
CHAS. SPRENGEK.
a, March 2d, 1859.-Vol3n28-ly.
X 3 S O -
■ * *01 In,«jtod to me, art requested to call and
I P«J • It la laipoaatblc tor ma to delay roller Hon Ion
K. . GEO. HANCOCK-
i "^berísmeaíTaBis.
Indian Difficulties.
Wo liavo been acquainted with Col. Sterling
Knbertsun forman years, and we have also had
the pleasure of being asreoably entertained un-
der his hospital roof, where he "residus near
tho Salado Spring*, ten miles south of Belton,"'
(and upward of 150 south-oust of the Reserve,)
nud while we believe he is a gentleman of strict
veracity, we must say, in our judgment, thnt his
opinion, even connected with the opinion of our
other esteemed friend, aljóvo named, dwindles
into nothingness (becau«o they have not (he op-
portunity ot knowing.) in relation to tho real
authors of the depredations committed on our
frontier, when compared with tho opinions of
Lovin/ , linker. Reagan, Hentner, Hall. Wyatt,
Ghormly, (Chief Justice ot Jack County,) Fuu-
cot. nam. Heeler, the Spcers. and hundreds ol
others living immediately adjoining the Lower
Reservation. And ngain, were not the two Re-
serve Indinas recently killed in .Tuck county,
dressed like wild Indians? and did they not do
" nil their oxccution with tho bow and arrow?
Certainly. And, in addition to this they were
known to belong to the Lower Reserve, (before
Ihejr wore killed, if not afterwards.) though
their dog, which was wounded at tho time they
Were killed, got back to tho Reservo n¡jaiu where
lie was recognized.
We admit, friend Gibson, thnt wo write on
this s-ulij'-ot, " tinder emotions of profound ezeite-
mcnt."—Hirdvillt Union.
It strikes us, friend Walker, with no little de-
gree of force, that the opportunities of Col
Sterling Robinson and of John Henry Brown to
de*er^i p the character of the iiiuiniis,io whom
in Our article allusion was made, were infinitely
belter than those of the parties invoked as your
witnesses .These Indians committed their depre
dations in the neighborhood of Belton, "upwards
of''one hundred miles south east of the Re-
serves. Messrs. " Loving. Baker, Reagan" it at.
you say. live immediately adjoining the Lower
Reservation," over one hundred miles from the
scenes of violence. Robinson and Brown hud
actually been out on a tour of discovery, upon
tie very field of operations, to satisfy tlmir own
minds, touching the real parties to whom was
due, tho sudden nnd deep excitement, attendant
upon tlie reports of the presence of Indians in
the immediate vicinity of the (own of Belton.—
He saw and conversed With the litlle girl, who
had escaped from her captors in their hurried
(light and with many othr-rs, who hnd been eye
witucFses ol the incursions ol tho savages, in
their descent upon tho hitherto peaceful settle-
ments. In fact they pursued all tho avenues of
Information open to investigation, and tlie re-
sult of their labor was the conclusion, that there
existed no evidence to implícalo the Reservo In-
dians. in the guiltof tile horrible on traces which
had spread such pan'c and apprehension over
the face of the northern counties. Surely Lov-
ing. Baker, Reagan and others, who resided long
miles from the theatre of trouble, possessed no
better menus of observation nnd reliable deduc-
tion, than did Robinson and Brown, who lived
in the neighborhood of the disturbances
Again yon say, " were not the two Reserve
Indians, recently killed iu Jack county, dressed
like wild Indians?"
It is very probable, from the simple fact that
they were in truth wild Indians, Hying from the
Lower Reserve, where they I ad been upon n
visit and hud stolen horses belonging to tho oc-
cupants ol the Reserve, and were making their
way back to their tribe, the Wichetas. Had
tlicy filleu into the clutches of these same Re-
serve Indians, there is no alchemy urnlur Heaven,
that would have saved them from a bloody atone-
ment.
Now, friend Walker, as we have had time for
our emotions of profound excitement to giro way
to the calm suggestions of reason, allow us to
propound a few simple questions for your gpvc
consideration. Have the frontier citizens resor-
ted to the lemedy pointed out by the law for
tho correction ot the evils of which you so cio.
qucntly complained? Has any person In a soli-
tary instance, gone lief ire tho proper jmthority
in the tnnnner specified by tho Department of
the Interior. In order to obtain logal redress for
violence committed? Is there in a word,a single af-
fidavit on file for that purpose, before tho superin-
tendent or Indian agent? Unless, some of these
questions can bo answered afilrmativoly.our I'ron
tier friends havo less grounds for imputation
against the Reserve Indians, than the Binlviile
Union would have us believe.
Again, was not a Board of Commissioners ap
pointed last summer, by the Federal authorities,
who held a six weeks session at Port Buiknap
for the express purpose of receiving testimony,
nt the most convenient point where it could be
obtained, in relation (o the frontier imbroglio
During nil this protracted sitting of the Board,
was there even one charge of aggression estab-
lished, or attempted lo be established ngainst
the red tenants of tho Reservations? If not,
why keep up this ceaseless agitation, upon the
exciting topic of their alleged, though unproved
depredations ?
The Agent, Major Neighbors invokes investi-
gation into the origin of the late difficulties in
northern Texas, before the properly authorized
tribunals of the country. Ho will uso to the
utmost extent, his own means and Influence to
procure from any and all quarters, every particle
of evidence calculated to throw tho least ray of
light upon the subject. If tho charges, made by
the Bifflvillo Union, in each successive issue of
that able paper, are so capable of demonstration,
why in the name of tho Indian'• and the white
man's God, not take him nt his word ? Why not
put on foot, according to tho recognized sana-
tions of law, to whicb all good citizens should
ever be willing to bow. proceedings which alter
a fair trial before an impartial tribunal, must re-
sult in satisfactory justice both to the Reserve
Indian, over whom Government has thrown its
broad mantle of protection and the white man,
bis accuser. Justice in this boasted land of lib-
erty nd equal rights, is usually sought by judi-
cial appliances, when agitation is not tho aim and
end in view.
Among those who are recently from the sec-
tion of count ry exposed to lawless depredations,
and who hare not been indifferent witnesses, of
the outrage* committed there, are Captain Mar-
lln, Mr. Harris, and Captain Ford, names well
known.to the people of Texaf .all of whom concur
¡o th« opinion, that the prevailing exoitcmant
against the Roe-.rva Indians, is destitute of suffij
cicnt foundation In poiut of proof nud fact. In-
deed the two first named gentlemen informed us,
that these Indians have themselves, been no in
considerable sufferers in loss of property, from
marauding parties. They also assure us,of the
rendiness of the Reserve Indians, lo aid iu the
recovery of stolon property and the punishment
of the authors, did not the oxisting condition of
publio sentiment, iu some of the frontier coun-
ties, restrain them from such a course of co-oper-
ation.
That the red occupants of the Reservations,
may sometimes have perpetrated acts of larceny,
is quite possible. They aro much better, ns one
ol tho races of tho human family, than their
white brethren, if such is not the fact. But that
they are chargeable with the many depredations
attributed to their thieving propensities, we do
not, nud from all the lights before us. cannot be-
lieve.
It is never too late to do good. Would it not
bo politic nnd wise, even now for the citizons of
the aggrieved counties to claim an investigation
ot the numerous robberies perpetrated upon the
frontier, In'the mode prescribed by tho Depart-
ment of tho Interior. If Major Neighbors and
his Indians are obnoxious to the imputations,
repeatedly urged against them, lot them be sum-
marily punished—ho by the loss of his authority
they by removal and Indemnification of the
losses sustained by the frontier oitizens.
The following communication, published in
tho Dallas Herald, from Commissioner Denver,
will tliow the proper mode of redress, In casos
of Indian agressions.
Dkpaktmknt ok tiik Interior, 1
Office Indian Affairs. >
January 7th 18.)8. )
Sib t—I have the honor to acknowledge tho
receipt, by reference from you, of a letter, dated
the 4th of November last, from Messrs. William
Parmer, Benjamin and William Sunders, J. II.
Hazard and others, iyhitive to depredations nl
leged lo have boon committed by tho Indians
residing upon tho Brazos Reserve, accompanied
by the affidavits of certain persons as,to the
thelts, to which I would reply:
The only jurisdiction with which this office is
vestid in depredation claims, is derived from the
Intercourse Act ol Juno 30, 1834; but that act
having never been extended over the State of
Texas, there is no power, consequently, here to
give relief in the premises.
Without commenting upon the insufficiency ol
tho evidence adduced to sustain tlio charges
against any particular Indian or set ol Indians,
or of the parties failing to establish tlio value of
tho property lost, I will merely state the require-
ments of the 17tli Section of said Act, wherever
this offioo onn interpose,to show in what mode
claimants should proceed.
It must first be shown thnt the Indinn com-
mitting the wrong must belong to a tribe in
amity with the United States; if committed in
tho Indian country the party suff ring must
show that lie was lawfully there, or the Indian
must pa s from the Indian country into a Slate
or Territory, and commit tho tnj ury. Then the
nitizon himself, or his attorney or representative
must make application to the proper superinten-
dent or ngent, who upon being furnished with
the necessary documents and proofs, shall make
application to the tribe for satisfaction, nnd it'
the tribe shall neglect or refuse to make satis-
faction in n reasonable time, not exceeding
twelve months, it shall bo tho duty of such su-
perintendent or agent to make return of his do-
ings to tho Commissioner of Indian Affair , that
such further steps may be taken as shall be pro-
per, in the opinion of tho President, to obtain
satisfaction for the injury, and in the meantime,
in respect to the property stolen or destroyed,
the United States guarantee to tho party an
eventual indemnification. Yet it is provided, tlmt
such injured party, his representative or attor-
ney shall in no way attempt to seek private sat-
isfaction or revenge, and to' that cud must make
oath.
Whereupon if the claim Is admitted by "tho
Indians to bejust, or shall be considered by the
Deportment as fully proven, compensation is to
be made out of the annuities coming to the tritio,
or if they havo none then out of the Treasury
Congress first making an appropriation to meet
.it Very respectfully, your ob'tserv't.
J. W. DEN'
Hon. J. II. Rk.voax,
of the Home e.f Uepresentatiees.
, DENVER, Commls'or.
Advcrtsiemcnt.
Fellow Citizens of the Third Senatorial
District of the. State of Te.ms ; includ-
ing tht Counties of Burleson, Brazos,
Leon and Robertson:
Cuntinned from our litil.
has put it, and I shall ever, in the Legislature
or out ofit, use my host endeavors to preserve
the prohibitory banking clause of the constitu-
tion inviolate.
I am also in favor of Investigating frauds re-|
ported recently to have been committed upon
the public treasury, and of passing rigid penal
laws, and better safe-guards for tho better se-
curity of the nubile monies, ami our public do-
main, and mnke tho malingers of the sanie sub-
TIain-.—Tlio weather for several days
had been of tlio character to indicate
dry weather in this country, smoky,
white" clouds, obscuring the stars at
night, and the sun until noon-day, strong
south winds, nnd occasional thunders
heard in tlie afternoon. In other coun-
tries these ai'o generally received as
signs of rain—in this scction they arc-
said to indicate dry weather.
Yesterday we had some "signs" which
we could rccognizo. Tho clouds head-
ed up, and wo saw lightning, and
heard thunder all round. This con-
stant war in tho elements forced down
a light shower. At night wo had our
friend Jo. Lee's sign—a norther struck
tho beak of the southers clouds, but not
with such force as to drive them away,
bat to cause them to head up and to
spill enough water to revive vegetation,
and to give a glorious appearance to
the crops. We hear of rains in other
directions. Tho frost did not seriously
damage the high land crops, and wo may
anticipate an abundant crop for con-
sumption.
Tho rain which fell on Thursday
night, has given a merrier note to the
warbling mocking bird, and a deeper
livery of green to growing vegetation.
But if tho blessing had descended in
groatcr abundance, our gratitude would
havo been in due proportion increased.
Another heavy shower in eight or ton
days, will make tho farmer's fields blos-
som like the rose.
Bacon.—Wo met our old friend, Stan-
difer, in the street on Wednesday, sell-
ing as fine a lot of bacon as we ever
looked upon, at 12 centa per pound.—
lie told us that bacon is now cheaper
in Tazas than anywhere in the Union,
ject to rigid responsibilities. I do believe that
there still are enough honest and competent men
to fill the public offices, and tnke care of the
public revenue for the rightful nnd legal sala-
ries, without pilfering or defrauding the govern-
ment. I would hot bo understood as oven cen-
suring all the officers of our government, for I
do believe many of them to be verv honest gen-
tlemen ¡ but according to recent disclosures. I
am forced to bellevo that the public revenue
has been pilfered, and that the fntilt is some-
where, nnd it iu our duty to ferret it out, and
let him that is guilty bo guilty still, and let him
thnt is innocent be innocent still.
If 1 shall be your next Senator, and General
Sam Houston should bo a candidate before our
legislative assembly for re-election to the Uni-
ted States Senate, I will give him my hearty
support for that high and honorable distinction;
If he should not be a candidate before that body,
I will cast my voto nud tiso iny best endeavors
to secure the election to tho United States Sen-
ate of some Union loving, conservative Demo-
crat—near tho political complexion ami honest
heart of our onoe invincible but now slandered
hero nnd statesman.
If elected 1 will use my best efforts to quash
the charter for the State University, call iu the
"Pi; , _ 4"nado by our last legislature and
add it to tttb'Scliooi fuud. While 1 am disposed
to encourage learning, and- give every impetus
to education from the lowest tu tho highest
branches, I will ever oppose monopolios. It is
manifest to every reflecting mind, tlmt tho :><-
proprintion of one hundred thousand dollars of
the United States bonds, tnado by our Inst leg-
islature, is but a small sum compared with the
vast sums that will bo required to complete this
mammoth institution; nnd tlio remainder must
be raised by taxation. It will require perhaps
fifty thousand dollars annually to endow tho
professorships to bo rais d by taxation. We
havo now otic hundred nnd nineteen counties In
the State, and in all probability, ten years hence,
wo will have two hundred counties. Tf wo then
send four students from each county, it will
make eipht hundred students, which is altogeth-
er as nnmy. or perhaps more than the institution
can accommodate. Horo we have four young
men in ench county educated at the expense of
the tnx paid by the whole county, and many of
these tax payers scarcely nblo to give their own
children n common English education, while
they are compelled to pay their pro rata for tlio
education of tho sons of tho rich and opulent,
whilst the needy masses can novel-be benefitted
by it iu tho must remote degree. The history
of similar institutions ill sister States fully illus-
trates tills view of tho suhjoct. The Stato of
Tennes«ee, after spending hundreds of thousands
on her State University, afterwards gave it to
tlio Methodist Episcopal Conference, with all Its
assets and liabilities, and saved her money and
her credit by it. The State of South Carolina,
nfter spending more than a million and a half on
her State University, gave it to the Methodist
Episcopal Church, and with it ono hundred
thousand dollars to take it off her hands, with
its assets and liabilities, and mndoa good trade.
These institutions of learning hnve always had
for their object the educating of young men free
from sectarian bias ; but they have fallen suc-
cessively into the hands of sectarians with all
their power nnd prestige, thus fostering the
very principles they were intended to combat.
It is true that tho State of Virginia has sustain-
ed her State University ; but Virginia is pro-
verbial for her aristocracy. She has never
thoroughly freed herself from English aristoc-
racy. She has hor "first, second and third fam-
ilies." It is true tlmt the two latter uro seldom
found ; but their nationality is lost in their
prido of Stnto. And Virginians, wherever they
may have been carried by the tiilo ol emigra-
tion. when they wish to finish the education of
their sons, must send them back to the .State
University in tho "old dominion." And It Is In
this way, that their State Univorsily is bnrcly
sustained. 1 am opposed to tho monster,because
It confers favors on tho few at the expense of
the masses. It creates invidious distinctions,
originates an aristocracy, nnd is adverse to our
tree institutions, and is of monarchical extrac-
tion.
But if we must bo taxed for tho support ol
this loreign P.vupmi, and dress her in suae nie-
ta! habiliments, let us set her down in the city
of Austin, nnd leed her with n silver spoon,
while our own children eat their morsel with
their flngcri.
1 am in favor of securing to actual settlers
lands of our public domain on the most reason-
able nuil equitable terms.
I am opposed to any increase of tax under utiy
pretext, being fully satisfied that the present
system ol taxation Is sufficient lor revenue pur-
poses, with the addition of th.-.t derived from the
sale of public lands.
I am in favor of passing a special law taxing
all lands held In this State by aliens and non-
residents, lo be applied to the building of rail-
roads, racli road to receive tlio tax derived Irom
such lauds In its own vicinity.
I am in favor of making our system of com-
mon schools more effective, by adopting a more
systematic and extensive system of schools, by
constituting the County Commissioners of each
county er. officio School Commissioners, and vest-
ing iu them the officinl duly to causo suitable
houses to be built by tho joint labor ol the differ-
ent communities in whieh they nre Inc ited, in
tho same manner that public roads aro located,
opened, and kept in repair, nnd to biro teachers
suited to teach in the several neighborhoods, to
include only English branches under the patron-
age of the school fund ; nnd let those who are
able and willing to give their children a collegi-
ate education, send them to denominational and
other high schools.
I am emphatically for the Union nnd the Con-
stitution ot the United States, and for tho rights
of the States under that Constitution.
And further ; it is within the recolloctle i of
us all, that a certain joint resolution was pas'od
by the Legislature of this State, censuring the
Congressional conrso of Gen. Sain Houston, In
relation to his vote on tho bill passed by the
Congress of tho United States, repealing the
Missouri Compromise lino, und establishing Ter-
ritorial Government* In tlio Territories of Kan-
sas and Nebraska. I do not believe that this
resolution embodied the sentiment of tho people
of Texas, or that ft is characteristic ol a brave,
chivalrous, intelligent and patriotic people, to
try to rob their heroes, sages, patriots and states-
men, ol tho lustre of their renown ; more espe-
cially such as our distinguished Senator. Gun.
Sain Houston—a man any freo and enlightened
nation might feel a just pride in claiming ns her
Wasuikotox. And I further believe that this
resolution originated in envy, carried with a
malicious Intent on the part of Its friends, ah
though some honest men were deceived In'o its
support, and who have no doubt since regretted
their course, and would now correct their rrrnr
if an opportunity should offer. I therefore
pledge myself, if elected, to Introduce a resolu
tion to expunge said resolution of censure and
^tsnpprovnl from the journals ot tb* House, nnd
wipe this blot from the Legislative srcbivi.'i.-
GooJ men often suffer wrong from tb, spleen of
enemies. Such was tho ease of tho Hero oí the
Hermitage for Ills veto of the United Slates
bank, the special circular, and the removal ol
the deposits. For theso acts a resolution ol
censure was passed agaiust him by tho Con-
gres of the United States, carried by liii per-
sonal enemies and a lew softs ; but it was ex-
punged from our national statute book by a
maguanlmouR and an Incensed nation of free-
men, within the lifetime of the Illustrious snge,
hero and statesman, nud this to the undying hon-
or of our God Invored country. And 1 do not
believe that thechivalrous, patriotic, and virtu-
ous people of Texus. will suffer the illustrious
Father of his Country to go down to the gravo
without seeing this (I had almost said disgrace-
fill) extraordinary resolution expunged from our
Legislativo record, the honor ot ourStato vindi-
cated, and the wicked rebuked. I cannot be-
lieve that the people of Texas will longer pel mlt
this outrage upon their chivalry, nnd theirdigni-
ty. They are a brave, generous, virtuous and
grutoful people, niul they will do right. You
may dam up the current of public opinion for a
time, but it will rise higher and h'ghcr until it
bursts asunder every barrier, bears down all
that oppose it, and entries away all the miasm
upon its surface, and Irom its clonr nud placid
surface, like a mirror, it reflects the true like-
ness of nil who linger on Its shores.
In regard to our foreign policy I would briefly
statu that I am in favor of instructing our dele-
gation In Congress to use their best endeavors
to nnuul nnd abrogate our treaty witn Great
Britain, iu relation to the suppression of the Af-
rican Slave trade, whereby we are compelled to
keep and maintain a squadron of nt least eighty
guns on the coast of Africa, at an enormous ex-
pense, and tho eminent risk ol tho lives ol our
seamen, and of the government property. Since
It Is an entangling nlllanco ngainst which the
illustrious Washington, in his memorable fare-
well iiddress, so emplintically warned us; and
for the further reason that it does not effect the
object for which it wns intended, but protects
England. France and Spain in tho enjoyment of
a monopoly ot this trade under various pretexts
—such us free black laborera, and apprentices—
while Spain still carriel it on in all its original
deformity, protected by our great navy which
Is on the coast of Africa for the pretended pur-
V<i.se of keeping a few lazy, barbarous negroes
from being carried Into civilization, nnil made
to work as their duty to their country nnd to
their God requires. And to repeal that libellous
statute whereby the slave ttnde is declared to
be piracy. The i-lavo trade is nrrt, piracy; pira-
cy is defined to be robbery on the hjgli «mis,
and nothing short of robbery on the high «eos
can be piracy—tho declaration ot any Legisla-
tive body lo tho contrary, nevertheless, notwith-
standing, and leave ttie question with tlio States
where i i constitutionally belongs. While I am
opposed to re opening the slave trade Irom rea-
sons of prinoiple, humanity, expediency, morali-
ty, nnd above all tho Integrity of tho institution
oí slavery itself, nnd tho well-being of society
in the Southern States, as well ns the Union ol
our whole confedéralo .States, nod tlio better
protection of our non-slaveholdlng wlilto popu-
lation.
I aiu also In favor of allowing every Americnn
citizen his constitutional right to bear arms, and
em i grato whero they please—to Cuba, Nica-
ragua, to Mexico, or nny whero else—nnd if they
can get Into the good graces of the people of tho
country of their adoption, nud bo elected Presi-
dents and Governors, the people of these coun-
tries will bo better governed than they ever
have been. And II they want to bo annexed to
tlio United States let us take them in; lot us do
right though the Heavens may fall. Tho Union
Is broad enough, and wide enough to embrncu
tho wliolo continent of froetnon, animated by
tho saino spirit of freedom, govornod by the
same laws, and worshipping the same Gou.
In conclusion 1 would say that it Is common
for candidates canvassing for tho suffrages of
sovereigns of the soil, to havo to confront slan-
der with her thousand tongues and busy rumor,
the willing courier, like tlio telegraph will her-
ald It nil abroad. Sometimos It docs Its work
f defamation in secret, and ovados detection,
liko a pustllenoe, until its unsuspected victim,
before lie Is nwaro of its ravages, is overwhelmed
with Its deadly poison, which out venoms all tho
worms of Nile. But slander, liko murder, often
recoils on its own vendor, and sometimos de-
stroys both parties. But ns I would rather be
tho murdered than the murderer, so I would
ruther be tho slandered than tlio slanderer. I
envy not tho man nor tho set of men who slan-
dor me. Better inon than I have been slandered.
Even tho immaculate author of our holy relig-
ion, nnd his blameless apostles, have been made
tho instruments of tho most obnoxious abus
ever experienced by human nature. The his-
tory of Iho civilized world attest tho groat
truth that moil ol the groato-il virtue and merit
have met tho most, vigorous persecution, und the
foulest slander. So much is this tho ease, tlmt
It hits bec'imo proverbial thnt there are two ways
lor meritorious men to rlae into distinction and
popular favor; ono is by tho praise of the good,
and tho other Is by the slander and persecution
of the wicked. Such has ever been Iho tenuro ol
of human ovents in political rencounters in a
I'roe country liko ours, and candidates must h
prepared for tho onset. It would seem to be n
necessary chastisement to lit them for the high
duties of Legislativo office, and it I should es-
cape the scourge I shall think moro meanly ol my-
self than I now do.
I shall endeavor to moct my opponents In tho
field at all convenient places In tho district, nnd
freely nnd fairly discuss tho various political Is-
suiis now before the people. I will dodge no
question, nor evade any responsibility.
And II you, fellow-citizens, or a majority of
you, shall award to me a plurality of your vote*,
for Senator of the third Senatorial District of
the State ol Texas, I will serve you to tho very
best ol my abilities.
I shall consider myself amenable to your In-
structions on all questions ol local or general
policy. I will alio prosecute all meritorious
claims of a private, local or general character,
thnt may be confided to me by any of my con-
stituonoy bol'oro tho Legislature. I want all
your votes. I am quite liberal In all but this,
whether yon lio Democrat, Whig, American or
Know Nothing, I will not be insulted, but thank-
fully roceive it as a great favor if you will ail
march in solid phalanx to tho ballot-box, on the
first Monday in August next, and deposit nil
your votos for Your Fellow-citizen
J. S. RILEY,
CAi.mvp.r.L, April, 11th, 1859.
t&~ Tho Dallas Herald has a very
ablo pro te.rn. nt tho bellows, ono who
scorns to have imbibed the spirit of the
lamented Latimer. The paper warmly
advocates Judgo Reagan, and places in
their true colors tho enemies of Democ-
racy, who clamor for secession purpos
os, tinder tho garb of re-oponing the
African slave trade, &c. Tho Herald
classifies Oov. Runnels as ono of the
most unmitigated extremists.
IST" Tho Galveston News regrets that
Galveston county protested against the
re-open tho African slave trade plank,
of some of tho new connUcH. Ho had
hoped that tho secessionists would have
it all their own way in tho Houston
Convention. Such was our own wish,
and that they would soon satisfy t hem-
selvflfot their ret*! strength in the State.
Argument of John Armitrong, Esq.,
or williamson co., on tiik
ELEVEN LEAGUE CONTROVERSY.
In looking over tho debates concern-
ing the official misbehavior of Judge
watrous, I find tho arguments took
such rango as to involvo tho land titles
of Texas, the revolution, and agitations
arising Irom conflicts of title. And in
tho course of debate, Mr. Bryan, iu his
reply to his colleague, Mr. Reagan,
found it agreeable to say :—
411 rccognizo in tho foregoing the nme spirit
that I have battled against in the Legislature
ol my Stnto. In the eaSy settlement of Texas
" the grants oatne directly Irom Spain and trom
Mexico. They were eleven leaguo grants, or
" grunt tor a larger and smaller mimtier of
" leagues. Tho oolonlal grants from Mexico are
for n league, and labor, and fractions of a
" league. Difficulties, however, aroie from tho
" different sizes of tho grants, nfter tho rattle-
" inents enmo to be made by tho Anglo-Amori-
enns. The original colonists received their
" league and labor, but the extent of Innd grant-
" ed in Austin's first colony te others, wns aug-
" mcnted In proportion to their ability tobe use-
ful. In some instances the amount wns aug-
" mcnted to five, six, or ten leagues; but somo
" ol those who came to tho State after the bat-
tlo bad been fought, and tho victory won. took
" ground ngnlnst those largo grants. Location
" wore made upon lands coveted by thcie large
" grants, and in this way a strong feeling ol an-
" tngonism In ono section against another arose.
" A strong spirit of hostility grew up In tho Legis-
lature between those who held thnt tho orlgln-
" al grants from Mexico should bo recognized,
and tiloso who refused to rccognizo them.
During nine years In which I wns a member of
" the Legislature, I resisted this spirit ol hoatili-
" ty, which wns then very strong ngainst tho or-
' iginal grantees of the soil. Judgo Watrous,
" lietoro nud after ho wns on tho bonoh, favored
'- tlio old grants. Tho Hancock nnd McKInney
case which lias been slluded to, was a case of
this description. Judgo Watrous had the
" right to suppose, ns well ns myself and others.
" that tho decision ol the Supremo Court would
" cover the wliolo caae, ami thnt this decision
" would cover nnd settle all the principios in re-
•' furunee to those grants, that would be brought
" Into his court. Tho Legislature of 1848 pass-
ed resolutions requesting Judge Watrous to
resign ; I w-as^nt Jlw liuu>. a-mriub'T of the
" hegisTatnro, and voted against these l ettlu-
" Hon ."
I was a member of tho Legislature
also, voted for Iho resolutions of 1848,
and bore somo part in all questions re
lntiug to the public lands since 1838.—
Circumstances seem to roquiro that I
should not be entirely silent in thoso
niaf ters at this timo.
Mr. Bryan seems to havo misunder-
stood, to somo extent, tho causes of that
agitation, and his explanation in Con-
gress might givo ground for unfavor-
able opinions of parties to theso meas-
ures, without something moro being
said. I shall endeavor to describo dis-
tinctly tho character of-titles "favored"
by Judge Watrous and others, not for
tho mere purpose of berating Judge
Watrous.
Under tho Spanish Government in
Texas, titles to lands wero given to cer-
tain towns and missions, and spocial
grants niado to individuals, by tho civil
and military authorities. Theso grants
all bore on their facos tho objects nud
consideration of tlio same, and wero not
in groat number. In the year 1827,
and after tho establishment of Mexican
Independence, tho government of Méxi-
co issued a dccroo requiring tho hold-
ers of all Spanish land titles to present
them to the designated political author
¡tics for their conflimation or rejection;
and all such titles an wero not prose
cutod as required, were to be consider
cd abandoned by tlio holders or claimants.
Somo of theso Spanish grants wore
confirmed, somo rejected, and some aban
doncd. Under tho Moxioan government
very few largo grants wore issued be-
fore tho year 1830. This, and tho nub
sequent years, have givon birth to what
purport lo bo titles of about throo thou-
sand leogues of land in Texas—oLthat
character of titles styled "sales andTcon
cessions iu sales"—called by some
"elevon leaguo claims."
Tho various land claims in Texas pur
port to havo arisen under tlio Stato col-
onization law of tho 24th of March,
1825, law of April 28,1832, law of May
2d, 1835, and law of March 20, 1834,
authorizing a.i unlimited sale, at public
auction, of tho vacant lands; law of
April 19, 1834, authorizing tho salo of
four hundred leagues of tho vacant
lands, to pay militia men ; law of March
14, 1835, authorizing tho salo of- four
hundred leagues of tho vacant lands, to
satisfy tlio exigencies of tho Stato ; and
articles 17 and 139 of tho law of Am-il
17, 1834 ; tho Constitution of the Pro
visional government of November 18,
1835—Constitution of tho Republic of
I'oxas, oí March 2d, 1830—nnd land
laws subsequently enacted, authorizing
tho issuance of land Hcrip, first), second,
and third class certificates, bounty and
donation laud warrants, and other mili-
tary claims, grants to persons perma-
nently disabled in tho service of Texas,
spccial grants in tho naturo of reliefs
and compensations to individuals, grants
to companies, railroads, common schools.
Premium and colonists claims origin-
ated under tho contracts of Fisher &
Miller, Peters & Co., Mercer, and Castro.
Pro-crnptiou and other claims, which 1
have not room to enumerate.
Under the Stato Colonization law of
March 24, 1825, and subsequent laws,
originated the contracts of Burnet, Beal
ami Roqttcla, Beal and others by agent,
Campos, Cameron, first and socond
DeWitt, DeLeon, Domínguez, Edward ',
Fclisola, Lnftwick, and Noshvillo Com-
pany, MoMnllen, McGloin, Milam, Tow-
er and IlcweUon, Farnell and Lovell,
Padilla and Chamber , Thorn, Vcliloin,
&, Co., first and second ; Wavell, Wood-
bury, Wilson and Exeter, William ,
Johnson and Peebles, Maoon, Zavala,
Gran*, Durst and Williams, Austin and
William , Anstiu' first, sscond, third,
fourth and fifth. And under said colo-
nization law, tho empresarios, wboao
contracts wero bssod upon the same,
were entitled to receive five leagues and
five labors of land, premiums for every
hundred families by them introduced,
not exceeding eight hundred families;
and each contractor being bound in
twelve years to alienato the excess ot
premium lands over cloven leagues f
and in default of his so doing, the polit-
ical authorities were required to make
such alienation.
The colonists introduced by the con-
tractors, becamo entitled; each head of
family, to ono league, oach single man'
one-fourth league, a single man marry-
ing became entitled to one leaguo, and
foreigners marrving natives, ouo-fourth
more. All heads of families, and single
men, who emigrated as colonists separa
atoly, and at their own expense, be-
camo entitled to tho samo amount of
land as thoso settled by contractors.—
On cortain prescribed condition each
family was to receivo an additional la-
bor, and singlo mcu such quantity as
would increaso their fourth to a third
leaguo. By virtue of Art. IT, of said'
law, tho Executive had the power to In-
creaso the portions " in proportion to
tho family, industry and activity of the
colouists, according to the separate re-
ports upon tho Riibjcct, that shall be
rendered by tho Ayuntamiento and
Commissioners ; always bearing in mind'
the provision of Art. 12th, of the decree
of tho Gonoral Congress on tho snbjcct."
Said Art. 12th roads :—
"It shall not bo permitted to unite In the
same hands with the right of property, more
than one leaguo square of land suitable for Irri-
gation, four «quaro leagues in superficie* of ara-
ble land without the (anilities of irrigation, and
six «quaro league* lu suporflclo of grazing land.''
Thoso portions which wero increased
"in proportion to tho family, industry
and activity of the colonists," were call-
ed augmentation headlights; and so'
fur as I havo been informed, those aug-
mentation headlights i ro confined alone
to Austin' old colony and colonists.—
The considerations of these grants wore
the merit of "family-," or of ''industry
and activity" of tho colonists.
I bolievo it Is under this Al'bJTth,
that James F. Perry received eleven
lcuguoH, Uonry Austin eleven, John
Austiniour, James E. B. Austin tlireo,
Michael Mitldoon Priestolovon, and Sam-
uel M. Williams thirteen and a half
leagues.
Although theso grants, in some in'
stances, amounted to eleven leagues or
moro by increase, they were basod upon
a primary colonial grant, actual or pre-
sumed of one leaguo, or one-fourth'
leaguo, and wero not included in that
charactcr of titlos commonly called
"elevon leaguo claims;" and I have no
roool lection of thoso augmentations be-
ing the subjcct of "antagonism" in tho
Legislature. Thoso grants being cou-
fined to that district of country, und
having, in most casos, como into tho
hands of honest purchasers, wero not
matters of proper Legislativo interfer-
ence. I so considered them, as tho se-
quel of this will show.
1 thought differently of the claim*
purporting to be in tho nature of sales,
and concessions in salo, taken all to-
gether amounting to near thrco thou-
sand leagues, and covoring the fairest
portions of our Stato from tho Nnoccfl
to tlio Sabino, and of which n' mber
about four hundred leagues wore located
in tho Nnshvillo colony, and appbar
to have been granted after January,
1830. Theso claims appear to be found-
ed on Art. 24th, of the colonization law
of 1825, Art. 18th of tho law of 1832,
and Arts. 17th and 139th of the law (>f
April 17th, 1834 ; laws of Mirch 20,
1834, of April 19th 1834, and of March
14th, 1835. Theso laws authorized tho
primary alionations of lands in quanti-
ties of moro than ono league, nnd ono-
fourth in each sale or concession in salo,
and for this they received tho descrip-
tion of "eleven league claims," accord-
ing to the Information which I havo ob-
tained. # ,
Theso wero tho claimb aimed at by
the bills which I introduced in thú Leg-
islature, as I will hereinafter furthor
show ; t being, at tho snmo time, my
aim so to provido that no actual settlor
should stifTer by such investigation.—
Tho said Art. 24th says •
"ThcGnvornment shall sell to Mexicans,and t*
them only the land* that thoy shall yflah to par-
chaae; but shall take care that there ahall not
be united In the atme handa more than oleven
league*, and aubjeet to the condition* that the
purchaser shall cultivate those he shall acquire
by this title within six year* fVomthe acquisi-
tion, under the penalty of forfeiting the same.—-
Allowing the aforriaid conditions, the price of
oach aitio shall be ono hundred dollar* for graz-
ing land, one hundred and fifty for tillage land
not Irrigable, and twa hundred and fifty for ir-
rigable tillage land."
Tho cultivation of a portion of tho
land within six yoars from the sale, was
tho condition and one of tho considera-
tions of the sale. Tho other considera-
tion was, the money to be paid at tho
time of sale. Tho titles issued by tho
Alcaldes of San Pelipo, purport to bo
grants in sale authorized by aid Art.
24th ; also those pnrporting to have
boon issued by Vicento Aldrete, and ly-
ing in tho Nashville Colony.
Tho Santiago Del Vallo title, involved
in the Hancock and McKinuey case, and
in which Judgo Watrou i shown to
bavo been interested, is ono of the
twenty-four titlos issued by said Alcal-
des. The Del Vallo grant lie on On-
ion Crcok, and one hundred and ninety-
four leagues of said Alcaldes title# lie m
the Kashrille Colony,brides some grants
that were not completed by the Al-
caldes.
í
lit
?!
See fourth page.
J
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The Southern Intelligencer. (Austin City, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 38, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 11, 1859, newspaper, May 11, 1859; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth180001/m1/1/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.