The Bastrop Advertiser (Bastrop, Tex.), Vol. 60, No. 6, Ed. 1 Friday, May 24, 1912 Page: 5 of 14
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RQME STILL
CITY OF AGES
FRUIT ON A DRY FARM method of saving moistur-
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Mi.
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GEN.BARRY SUCCEEDS GRANT
Maj. Gen Thomas II. Parry, ll. S.
A., superintendent of the United
States Military Academy at West
Point, bus been appointed commiund-
er of the Kastern ill vision of the army
wllh headquarters on Governor's Is-
land, an successor of tho late (Jen. K.
I), Grant.
General Harry's tour of duty at West
l'olnt still hail uio: e than two yearn
to run, liut the fact that ho has long
Iji uii known an one of the officers to
whom active t-ouiinand at troops pur-
ticulurly appeals make* It quite cer-
tain that he welcomes the command.
General Hurry wan born In New
York city, and may he termed "a typi-
cal product of New York city." lie
wan horn and reared In tho old First
ward, and there are men In that city
with whom he played and fouitht us u
boy, who ttlll love to tell stories or
General Harry's boyhood.
In July, 18711, Marry entered West
Point. He graduated In 1877, and was
i ogued as a second lieutenant to the Seventh cavalry, Custer's old command.
Alter three years in the Seventh cavalry he was transferred to the i'lrst
infantry
lu the I'lne Hldge campaign In 1 S* 1 Harry was promoted to a captaincy.
?n August, 1903, President Roosevelt sent General Harry's name to tho
mialo lor confirmation as a brigadier general. In 1907 General Harry was
■e'tit u Cuba as commander of the American troops In thu second occupation
■ f the island.
On September 1, 1910. General Hurry succeeded Col. Hugh L. Scott, of tho
1'hli'd cavalry, as superintendent of West Point.
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# Tmr * V J p F it
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JXor 3T ;.
Method Given to Make It Abso-
lutely Drouth Proof.
Who Rait* Profitable Crop*
With Small Palnfj/1.
MAY SOON BE MAJOR-GENERAL
• rt. (Sen. Frederick Pun*ton, com-
mander of the Itepartnu lit of Callfor-
1.11, who at any time nuij be promoted
'j> major general, is one ol the "light-
ingest" little men in Uncle Sam's
iriny, and a general who was not
■ irned out in the polishing mill at
West Point. He jumped Into the fight-
t :g guine from the seemingly fniiucu-
)us culling of a government botanical
•txplorer rind made good
Pnil Fuuston, the captor of Agulnal-
l.j and the conqueror of the Philip-
(iln«*, comes of a lighting family, lio
iiig the eon of F.dwurd llogue Fuuston.
■* captain In the Union army during
'he Civil war, and Ann Kllzubeth
Mitchell Funston, a descendant ot
1 >unicd Hoone. The elder Funs ton
served three terms In congress, was
for many years a Kansas legislator
and speaker of the house.
The son of this hardy Kansan left
Jus father's farm in his teens and went
to Mexico. There he picked up Span-
ish and sufficient American dollars to come back home and enter the Kansas
State university In his early twenties. He alternated lor several years he-
ween the cloistered halls of learning and the great outdoors, earning outdoors
b wherewithal to keep hint at his books lndoorr..
First he was ;i train collector for the Santa Pe, then he tried his hand at
•ejKjrtlng lor Kansas City newspapers and later he became a government
UiUtnlcal eiplorer In the lhikotJis and In Montana. In the terrible Death Vai-
'••y iif southern California, In tho Alushuu wilderness, and wherever the kov-
>rume.nt thought lit to send him in quest of rare and unique scientific data.
m
SAYS SHE'S ALL AMERICAN
Oscar Hammersteln had 'he proud-
est moment of his life r when
King George gave him a handshake In
the leartllul vestibule ol the London
opera ho <v II w s his majesty's tlrst
visit to the opera hoi.; e. to which he
went to attend a conceit in aid ol the
League of Mercy.
'I ho klnjj, accompanied by Queen
Mary, Princess Mary and I'rinco Al-
bert, was received there by Prince
and Princess Alexander of 'l eek, Prin-
cess Victoria of Schleswlg Ilolstein,
tho Karl of Chesterfield, Lord Far-
quhar and the Counte : of Chester-
Held
After the ladles had been presented
to their majesties, the dowager Coun-
tess ot t'hesterlleld Introduced Mr.
Hammersteln to Prince Alexander,
who presented him to King George.
The king, grasping Mr, Hammer-
stein's hand, said
"I am delighted with the effort you
are making here today and It gives
me great pleasure to come to your house."
The star item In the program was an abbreviated garden see-no from
'•'aust," sum; by four Americans - Felice Lyne, Lydla Locke, Orvllle llarrold
nd Henry Welldon.
At the close of the performance the queen summoned Ml s Lyne. who
►itill was in costume as Marguerite, to the royal box, saying:
"I must compliment you upon your bcauMful voice. I understand you
■nra half American."
Miss Lyne archly replied: "No, your majesty, I am all American."
WU TING-FANG COMING BACK
'* >>e still retains one half the en-
tl uii for which he is famous In
V en l>r. Wu Ting-fang will have
t >ie of his life when he returns
>q .shlngion to enter upon his third
til of service as Chinese minister
<o United States Ills many friends
tn ol..<ial and In private llle are al-
reiiefy planning to give him such a we!
come as has never been accorded an-
other returning diplomat. Ills ca
uaclty for enjoyment when it comes
to banquets und dinner portles and
his power ot endurance when It corner
to (link teas will In all probability be
taxed to the utmost. The more stron
us the program, however, the more
gfeuful will probably be tho Indefatlgl
b!e Wu Ting-fang.
With the announcement that Hr Wu
will come to this country as ropro
tentative of Yuan Shlh Kal. president
jt the Chine-o republic, society at the
natliinril capital has shaken off its
springtime le Itude. Stories of the
f tmous Chinaman's sayings have been revived Anecdotes concerning his ec-
uuntiicltles, Ms startling originality and his sharpness ol tongue are numer-
jus He Is remembered as the man who made the Interrogation point lumous.
He was known as "the human question mark."
WHAT shall we say of Home?
What can we say" She Is
the world s city of the ages,
and it Is Improbable tin"
any correivable combination
ol advantages can ever produce a
rival to her supreme charms. The
capital of the greatest empire ot an _
tlqult.v, and In more modern times the
metropolis ol Christendom, she Is un
like any great city in the world. The
whole of Home Is one vast museum,
In which the very galleries, palaces,
churches which contain the tlncst ot
Its treasures are themselves but sin-
gle Items in that museum which is
Koine. What gives to all this Its spe-
cial charm Is that Home is still a llv
lt:g city, the capital of a nation, and
with an actual life of Its own, which
often enough can be seen In Its direct
descent from antiquity.
When Hawthorne wrote his fas-
cinating tale of the Transformation, In
the early 'f>0s, Home was a maze ot
narrow, unclean lanes, a congeries ol
evil smelling, squalid dwellings Inter-
spersed with gloomy mediaeval pal-
aces in sad disrepair. In short, an Ill-
drained, Ill-lit, unsavory old city .teem-
Itik with beggars, models, thieves and
cutthroats, and to cap all, the ac-
knowledged headquarters of the malig-
nant malarial lever. Hut the Squalid
city of Hawthorne's time has now giv-
en place to the fine, well'.'hullt capital
of United Italy. V 'e must look to the
most utilitarian reasons for any inter-
est wo may feel In Home today; to
health st-'.fistlcs, to sanitary reform,
to building laws. All these seem
prosaic when done under our eyes,
but the same things were lull of poetry
when done In the time of Augustus
and Trajan Let us rid ourselves ot
the Illusions of time and admit that
to have driven out dirt, brigandage,
and i ei tHence, and to have diminished
crime. Is a not unworthy tribute to
the glory ol Home as a modern capital,
writes llarvey Mlddleton In Gilt
Arei Has Increased.
When the Italian troops entered tne
city through the Porta I'la on the
memorable "JOth of September, IS70,
and papal Home became the capital
of the reconstituted kingdom of Italy,
a new era dawned. Since that day the
area covered by houses has been In-
creased one-tourth, and the face of
Home ha- changed more In the past
40 years than in the previous three
centuries Home in the tiOs had a
population of about 'JICi.uuu In 1811,
when Home celebrated the fiftieth an-
niversary of the Proclamation of the
Italian Kingdom with three great ex
hlbltions, tin population had grown to
nearly hall a million. If a map ot
the city of 1^70 Is placed opposite a
map of today It Is easy to see at what
point the Incrvas* of building has tali
en place The space once covered by
tho beautllul Luilovici Gardens Is now
tilled by wide streets, lined by tall,
handsome and perfectly dull hut
healthy houses Other streets have
arisen on the garden* and fields wtii< h
lay on the Fsqulllne and Ccllan hills
between Santa Maria Macglorc and
St. John La'eran A still larger tna -s
of houses partly detached or semi-
detached vlllullke residences, partly
high blocks ol tenement dwellings in
habited 'to the poirer classes has
sprung up In the district called the
Meadows of the Castle (Pratl ill Caa
tello). to tne north of the Castle of St
Angelo, and to the north of the Vati-
can—a region that was open country
from the time when Cincinnati)* tilled
Its fields until 187o
At the opposite side of the city
i thickly set houses line the streets
which run out Into the Campagtia from
the Porta Pfn and the Porta San l*>
renzo, so that considerable suburbs
now cover what hud been a perfectly
lonely und silent region from the days
ol the Kmperor Constantino u> the
days of Pope Leo XIII. Open vine
yards have f", I veil place to factories,
warehouse' and dwellings
Three new bridges have been flutm
across tin Tibet t > the formet farm
lands of Clnelnnatus. In this neigh
! horhoo'l. too, all ul 'tin the citj ride ot
I the Tibet, the cmhankmnnt. which has
j done mi much * 'i the health of Home.
I bus swept nway lnuuuivriibio tone
inents -some of the moat interesting
and picturesque, no doubt, which sur
vIvi d In Home from the fifteenth and
sixteenth centuries. It was bore that
Vanozza, the mother of Caesar Horgla,
owned a hostelry, anil here, as ono
wandered In tho crowded narrow
streets near the Via del Orso, one
could best n all/o tho appearance ot
the city and Its strange mixture ot
squalor and mugnlttcence 400 years
ago
Ghetto Has Vanished.
Hut nowhere has the modern Koman
made a cleaner sweep than In the
I anions Ghetto, thai Jewish quarter
which was the most compressed and
intricate tangle of lanes in the ancient
city, a nest of dirt, disease and pov-
erty Indescribable The fish market
within the portico of Octavla went
years ago. It Is hard to realize that
In this place the Jews of Home were
herded together like hogs, Insulted,
hated, robbed and persecuted, and yet
multiplied and even occasionally grow
rich The Church of St. Angelo, In
which once a year the Jewish elders
were compelled to listen to a sermon
preached against their religion, still
remains, but the entire quarter lylug
between It and the river has vanished.
You may read In history of the suf-
fering of the Ghetto folk when the
Tiber overflowed Its banks, and how
the inhabitants shitted their goods
Into the upper stories of tho houses
from boats.
In other quarters or the city sani-
tary methods were conspicuous by
their absence. In many of tho streets
walking was well nigh Impossible ow-
ing to the habit of casting all domestic
refuse Into the open street The mar-
kets ot Home, once the most Interest-
ing of Kuropo, have fallen into line
with the less picturesque but more
regulated markets of the great cap-
itals. Tile huge cattle market just
outside the Port:! del Popolo, lias mi-
grated to a corner of Home not far
from the old Protectant cemetery, but
nearer to the Tiber. The wild t'am
I una horsemen with their goatskin
l aprons and ox goads no longer lortn
I a feature ot the Piazza del Popolo,
nor do the unwieldy vehicles piled
; hluli with (lie quaking carcasses or
j pliis and oxen any longer rumble down
i he Hipetta or the H ibulno. A thing
' ot the past. too. Is t..« people's mar-
ket In the Pla/./n Nuvonn, where every
thing that flew or ran or crawled could
lip purchased. Gone, also, Is the mar-
kit in the Piazza Montana: a, under
the Theater of Marcellus, where the
laborers were hired every Sunday
[ morning at a certain hour With the
spread of education the letter writing
scribe who formerly did u roaring
trade in the penning or love noiea lor
' enthusiastic but I'lltcrate peasants.
• ha sllkewlse disappeared
Good hotels, hoarding houses, and
I furnished apartments or all sizes, and
I suitable to all purses, afford that com-
putable accommodation which was
lacking or rar too expensive In Haw
1 thump's time \rtlsts are now board
i<d and lodged like ordinary mortals;
ihey no longer dwell In marble halls
I surrounded by mediaeval dust and
dirt. The foreign visitor Is no longer
menaced with fever for malaria —
thanks to the greater cleanliness, bet-
t. i drainage, more space and higher
Kround has |ft*tictlvally vanished The
i death rate has been r«dueed to 1H per
thousand against 1" 4 for Paris and
! If, 1 foi Herlln Home thus ranks
; at: oim the most healthy ot Kuropean
capitals
Tired of It.
The four yetii old had taken his r r
proof in a grntlfvlng spirit, bad admit-
ted bis fault and sued swin-tly for rar-
den Kncouraged by his receptive at-
tlttide, his nothei ventured to add a
•. v\ general ethical truths, hut with
the first hint of transition from the
, ,.•(> u\ ! >.• phr'ract a mild resent*
met • d'iw n<\l in his eye
Mother." ho demand" d, respeetfullv
t, :t firmly, "when Is this conversation
' • .i'i u to slop'.'" - Harpir's Un/ar
Ca '.ie
Stcvu
Nothing Doing.
I \\ i kins u | i ilar man?
No H • -ncs hl 111 Ode)'
Before Planting Single Tree Two
Years' Moisture Is Secured by
Plowing Veer Ahead and Keep-
ing Ground Cultivated.
(By K. H PAtlHONH i
Twenty years ago 1 published a
statement that tr« s und crop* could
be raised anywhere on sultuble soli
between the iiocky mountain# And Mis-
souri river, without Irrigation Every-
body laughed, dome went as tar as to
say that such exaggerated statements
oniy hurt the stale, a few took the
hint, others besides myself hud ur-
' rived ut this truth, and there are now
shade trees and family orchards ail
over the slate, lew and far between
It Is true, but quite enough for proot
and now alter twenty years every
word ol this statement is accepted as
fact.
Now I make another statement,
which even the Colorado writers and
.proiessors are atraid of, and which
the eastern papers altogether decline
f to print or be lieve, yet which is capa-
ble ol proot und will be generally ac-
cepted In unotbei twenty years, and
illiat is that any man can plant a dry
orchard uccoiding to the loilowltiK
method and make It absolutely drouth
proof.
Tills knowledge will do you more
good now than twenty years hence and
I submit It not for the enlightenment
of Mr, VV ('. Curtis, Mr Wallace and
others who affect to see little or no
good In dry farming, but tor the bene-
fit of the few who can grasp u truth
In advance of the popular belief ami
turn it to their own advantage
Hotore planting a single tree we k<>
' to work und secure two years mols-
j ture for that tree by plowing a year
j ahead ol time, keeping the groun i cttl
itlvuted and digging the holes In the
i full to catch snow and moisture all
I winter. Now lu the time to get to
Work. Plow the ground as deep us
you can and arrange your lands so as
to bring your dead furrows where the
[row of trees Is to bo, by doing this
the surface Is dishes] toward the tree
! ind If there Is any run off ll drains
towards their roots. These dead fur-
rows are also ot grout ad vantage as
snow catchers.
Now u piece of land prepared In
this manner will accumulate during
un ordinary season trom three to lour
feet of moist earth from the surface
down, und in the holes after u wot
winter even live or six feet.
Now to dry all this moisture out In
- a cultivated area without cropping
would tukc two years or more without
a drop of rain, ho that when a young
tree Is planted two or throe foot deep
In all this moisture It is us 1 contend
absolutely drouth r ">f, for In the
past thirty years ne longest drouth
has boon only a lew months' duration,
drying out no more than th<! top six
or eight Inches, which Is or no value
whatever to tho tree anyway.
Then we go to work and Impound
every year ten times as much mois-
ture as the tree needs, us lollows:
A young apple tree just, planted
uses up a lew hundred pounds ot
moisture every year, but we give
those trees au area of 40 feet square,
plums and cherries, u, small fruits
10 Now It you figure out the pre-
cipitation on an area ol 60 teot square,
1,000 square loot, you will find that it
amounts to about *><• tons per annum
Now an apple tree I roni 15 to 1!0 years
ol ago will use up only from :{<• to 40
tons per annum, and can live, II
necessary, on hall ol that, so that It Is
easy to understand that while the tree
Is growing up the orchard Is gaining
un enormous amount ol moisture tor*
future use and even when the tree Is
full grown you will have several tons
to the Rood each your, which you hold |
by cultivation In your subsoil, and
( even II your trees should need more
I moisture yet when they got, say 30
or 40 years old, they can bo thinned
lout to b0 loot apart, which would give
each tree about 240 tons per annum,
so that there Is no need whatever to
take any chances You make the
moisture question In the orchard as
exact a science as building a bridge or
a battleship In fact. If I knew a man
would follow these Instructions im-
plicitly, 1 would pay him a thousand
dollars for every tree lost by drouth.
We keep every weed out of the or
chard and cultivate trom ten to twelve
times during the season with u home-
made cultivator about ten teet wide,
vvh'ch cultivates about twenty acres
a day.
ery year from the start the sur
plus moisture sinks deeper and deep-
er Ij to the subsoil
l have followed It down foot by foot,
yeat by year, until now it reaches a
depth of nearly twenty feet. The up
pie trees that are forty leet apart
stnod In a cube of molKt earth 40 fe«<
square by tv • nty feet deep, contain-
ing between 200 and 300 tons ol wa-
t«r; we make our estimates by taking
cample"* nil through the uforesnld
cube, weighing theiu, then drying
them < ut thoroughly, then weighing
again, his gives us thu exact amount
of mois ure 'n each sample und by
running ui n>erag" we get an appro
proxlmati estimate of whu' each cube
contains.
Hy comparing with other cubes on
which no trees are set. we are able to
tell nhnoit exactly what each tree is
uslug up, ittd by comparing with the
precipitation can compute '-ho loss o>
run off or evaporation.
There Is much that can be I'smed
from the methods of the dry l^ud
farmers who raise profitable g
crnps In regions with less than
Inches of rainfall if th« prsctic
which they follow to cot-serve tly^
moisture for crop* were followet^
more closely by farmers everywher
bigger ami better crops ecru Id be
grown.
Tho land Is plowed deep to get a
good bed of mellow soil which will
hold the moisture It Is then packed
to make It firm, which holds th«
moisture, and the surface Is harrowed
within a few hours to let the air Into
the top soli and form a surface mulch
of dry soli which prevents th« mois-
ture from below koIuk up Into the air
The thorouKhncHs with which th<>se
operations are done determine large
ly the size of the crop. On most
farms cast of the seml-atrld region
the roller may take the place of the
sii'i surface packer If It Is used with
discretion
The roller Is particularly valuable
to use after plow in lute summer
and early fall when tho ground Is
dry It should be well weighted and
fo'low the plow closely Hut used
when the ground Is wot It will do
more harm than good.
Go over the ground after the roller
the- name half day with Acme or
smoothing harrow uml harrow again
after each rain before the seed Is
sown If the ground Is plowed eight
to ten Inches deep and well pulverised
tho moisture will work up from the
subsoil, hut the surface mulch will
keep it from pvaporntlng and a line,
moist sin dbed Will result.
Soli moisture moves quickly up
and down but slowly sideways ft
quickly evaporates If there Is nothlmc
on top to prevent it. If the surface
In stirred frequently It breaks up thr
myriads of tub« s through which fh«
inolHtiue rls. from below and ,;oci
off into tho air.
Tho dry land farmers find that !•
pays them to harrow their grnln In thr
spring not only to destroy the weeds,
but to establish n now soil mulch
Other farmers would find oven groat-
or profit In using tho harrow or culti-
vator In their orchards and cultivated
crops after each rain all through tho
season
QUALITIES OF HONEY LOCUST
Drought Resisting Tree May Weil B«
Grown on Most Farina In the
Northwestern States.
The honey locust Is a most beaut Ifo
tree and one that might well be growt
to some extent upon most farms II
belongs to the legume family or poC
producers and has a beuullfid com
pound leaf. It grows very large an<
has sharp thorns on both the branchet
and trunk of the tree, says a writer ir
the Uukot^i Farmer. When closely so>
In the form of a hedge*, it makes •
most formidable burrler against anj
kind of stock. The Colorado sfatlor,
In a recent bulletin recommends lh<
honey locust us tho most drought re
s I st a ut of any species of deciduoun
trees When this Is token Into con
side-ration, It will be seen that this
tree deserves a much larger use In tho
northwest It does not sucker us
does Its closely related species, the
hluek or yellow locust, mid ts not
nearly as subject to the attack of the
locust borer Tho writer ho* In mind
a specimen of the honey locust. In Jer
auld county, South Dakota, which Is
one of the handsomest trees ho has
ever seen In the Itnkotas. It is nbont
twenty-five feet high, very spreading,
and has proven a rapid grower. North
western nurserymen highly pccom
mend this tree und offer seedlings und
young trees at low prices und the Da-
kota Farmer would urge u larger trial
of this beautiful tree In ItB terrrltory
gets only feed
life can make a
No animal that
enouKh to support
gain or profit.
Corn fodder that is dry and dusty
will bo Improved u llttlo by sprlnkllnx
In the mangers
The man who can double the pro
ductiveness of his farm more than
doubles Its value
Provided your cow Is a good one.
the mora she Is feu! along right lines,
tho more; she will glv«.
Haphazard methods of breedtiiK
never pay with elalry catt The best
herd bull Is none too good
One of the chli'f reasons for butter
becoming rancid at on early uge la
tho fact that It Is not washed thor-
oughly
The blcger the ears of corn when
they are put In the silo, the bigger
the milk flow will be when the sllng
Is fed
The milk utensil* must be free
from "earn* and crocks It Is impem
Bible to keep them clean If thtie Is not
I ho cn^e.
Hefote warm weather cxwnns prepare
j a cool place for the mi?k and cream
Make the milk and cream ro«i<n cool,
iweut and dean
One advantage of succu'ent feed '•
.lie fact 'la It not only provider the
! cow wi'h more moisture, but at the
j same time i* more appetiifim
1
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The Bastrop Advertiser (Bastrop, Tex.), Vol. 60, No. 6, Ed. 1 Friday, May 24, 1912, newspaper, May 24, 1912; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth206041/m1/5/: accessed June 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Bastrop Public Library.