The Alto Herald (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 48, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 26, 1948 Page: 2 of 14
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: The Alto Herald and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Stella Hill Memorial Library.
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WffKLV NfWS AN/tLVS/S-
Moscow Ta)ks Provide Peace Hope;
Congress Eyes !nf!ation, Mousing;
[Red Spy Scare Starttes Country
-Hy Bi!! Schoentgen, WNU Staff Writer-
Whittaker Chambers, a senior
editor of Time magazine and
an admitted former member
of the Comtnunist party, got a
toad off his chest when he totd
the house un American activ-
ities cotnmittee the names of a
few more higher echeton gov-
ernment oRiciats who had par-
ticipated in the notorious Wash-
ington spy ring of a decade
ago. His testimony included
the names of Alger Miss, for-
mer state department otliciat;
Nathan Witt, former attorney
for RH. and !.ee Pressman,
former C!t) genera) counsel.
i<tji
:'A,;:rr-T
MOSCOW: 'Then There Was ..."
Con/crcnre
Practicaliy ail that anyone knew
during the initio) stages of the Mos-
cow confercnce between Josef Stat-
in and the ambassadors of three
western nations was that there was
a conference.
The opacity of a thick censorship
ban overlaid any details of what
was happening.
Nevertheless. the impression was
that the talks fathered by the
desperation inherent in the Berlin
crisis, migtit be the first step in eas-
ing off t)te strain between Russia
and the western powers.
Some information that stipped
through the secrecy wa)) indicated
that both sides might be wiUing
to make some concessions in order
to further negotiations between Rus-
sia and the U S., Great Britain and
France.
The tatks with Statin and Mo!otov
were reported to have produced at
teast one new suggestion—that prior
to another Dig Four conference there
should be a meeting of the U.S.,
Russian, British and French deputy
foreign ministers.
Such a conference would, theo-
retically, be accompanied by a grad-
ual relaxation of the restrictions
which, the Soviets have damped
on the western areas of Bertin and
which brought the Fust-West rela-
tions to their present boiling point.
Although it might be the height
of optimism. Communist Russia be-
ing what it is, Utere was some faint
hope that such a piecemea) lifting
of the Berlin blockade might bring
about a provision;)] meeting of
minds on the sui'jcct of Herman
currency and other irritating is-
sues.
At the worst, such a discussion at
teast woutd tend to act as a brake
against a drift to war and provide
a breathing space for taiks with
Moscow on more basic controver-
sies.
There was. however, stiii another
tnterpretation of the discussions be-
tween Statin and the three western
ambassadors: Russia, having car-
ried its Berlin btockade virtually
to the uttimate point short of war.
might be thinking that it had brought
the western powers to a position
where they wouid have to accede to
Soviet demands if they wished to
avoid conflict.
CONCHKSS:
Probabty the only accomplishment
of the special summer session of
congress called by President Tru-
man was to provide both parties
with a bigger and better supply
of political ammunition for the elec-
tion campaign
Democrats would be able to say
that the GOP congress simply sat
back on its haunches and did noth-
ing about the pressing problems of
inflation, housing and other nation-
al issues.
Republicans could counter with
the assertion that, within the bounds
of their political beliefs and judg-
ment ttf what is best for the na-
tion, they did all they could under
the circumstances. To that they
probably would add the stock argu-
ment that the whole thing is the
fault of the 16-year Democratic
regime and that the ultimate solu-
tion must lie in the election of a
Republican administration this No-
vember.
One result of the special session
that might bo classcd as favorable
was that it served to sharpen the
rough edges of the wide cleavage
between the two parties over dt)-
mestic problems and give the voters
:* more clear-cut. definitive idea
if what they will be deciding on
Novembers.
Despite President Truman's la
borious diatribes against congress
and his repeated warnings that con-
trols alone will curb the now dan-
gerous inflation, in the tinalanatysis
it remained foolish to believe that
tt<e GOP congress ever would take
the action he recommended Re-
publicans simply do not approve of
that method of handling tl-.e nation's
economy.
Republican congressmen agreed
only to string along with legisla-
tion serving to reimpose consumer
credit controls, with sotue limita-
tion on bank credits, and to speed
action on a watered down housing
program winch dees little except
ease credit terms for home builders.
The anti poll tax measure, blocked
"To justify the ways of God to
man" was John Milton's expressed
purpose for writing his monolithic
epic poem of the Reformation,
"Paradise I^ost."
Academically Milton succeeded
in providing that justification for
his own and an unknowable num-
ber of future generations of Christ-
ians. But since the 16th century
days of Milton human society has
turned an increasingly cold check
to the spiritual values preached by
every great Christian since Paul.
Particularly since the outset of
the 20th century man's attention
has been claimed more and more
by the dramatic power of mate-
rialism which has been brought
into full play as a result of this
technological economy with its as-
sembly lines, power politics and
repetitive wars.
Thus, the problem now is not so
much how to justify Ged's ways to
man as it is how to justify man's
society in the eyes of God. And if,
as many churchmen believe, no such
justification is possible, then ho^, tQ
work a reasonable and beneficial
change in the socicty which men
have wrought.
It is that problem which the
World Council of Churches, com-
posed of 148 Protestant and Ortho-
dox churches from 40 nations, wil!
etideavor to meet squarely at its
first world assembly in Amsterdam
August 22 to September 4.
Four hundred and fifty church
leaders — laymen and clergymen
alike — are determined, among
other things, "to assess the
strengths and weaknesses of pres-
ent-day Christendom" and "to de-
fine a basis of common principle
upon which Christians can co-
operate for world order."
, Under the conference theme,
! "Man's Disorder and God's De-
sign," the delegates will attack
; such questions as: How to infuse
more spirituality into our mcchani-
, ized society without advocating the
destruction of all mechanization?
What action can the church take
, among its members to aid in es-
; tablishment of world order and
what is the church's answer to the
amoral power politics of the pres-
ent day?
If these are tough questions, the
eave
Ho
KSi'tOIWCK:
The dragon seeds of international
espionage sown during the war sud-
denly had begun to blootn with a
vengeance and the nation's capital
seemed to be overgrown with spies
and rumors of spies.
First stone was cast by Miss Eliza-
beth Bentley, self-confessed courier
for Soviet agents, who revealed that
much of her information had come
from sources in official government World Council of Churches is likely
positions. to prove itself spiritually tough and
She showed no hesitancy in nam- } realistic enough to go a long way to-
ing names, among which were those ; ward providing some of the ans.
of NatltanG. Silvermaster, board wers.
of economic warfare and war assets
administration official; William W.
Remington, former commerce de- }
partment official, and Alger Hiss, '
former state department official ac- )
tive in the establishment of the Unit- }
ed Nations.
There was no visible proof that
any of the persons she implicated
ever had furnished information to !
the Soviet espionage ring, although i
some had Communistic backgrounds, j
As a matter of fact, the FBI reported j
that it had spent more than three
million dollars in an investigation i
of the same matter months prior to
the current excitement. The G-men ]
finally gave it up because of lack
of documentary proof.
But congressional investigations !
were under way in both the senate
and house. Testimony included the
usual flamboyant accusations and re-
criminations but failed to produce
any concrete evidence.
Rep Karl Mundt (Rep., S. D ),
chairman of the house un American
activities committee, added to the
national impact of the atlair by as-
serting that there is "good reason to
believe a Communist spy ring is op-
erating in Washington right now."
His committee was investigating,
he said, although the public hearings
so far had dealt only with the testi-
mony that a Red espionage system O/lffffmfH
was at work in the U. S during the
war.
Mespite the impression you
might have received from
reading newspaper accounts of
the Olympics, American ath
tetcs were not t!tc only ones
who took part in the games.
This straining gentleman, for
.instance, is tmry Nemeth of
Hungary who won ttie hammer
throw yvith a heave of 183 ft-et,
inches.
!!()) Y
Last of the great American farm
commodities to remain essen'ially
a man-mule ^rop, cotton finally is
becoming mechanized, thus elimi-
nating the necessity of maintaining
vast armies of laborers to meet the
two peak lal<or periods of the crop
cycle.
Mechanization is one of the ma-
jor steps in the effort of cotton
people from Virginia to California
to achieve lower production costs.
TotHe 12': million people in 18
states who derive all or a substan-
tial part of their income from cot-
ton it is of paramount importance
that they keep their crop competi
tive cost wise
The answer lies, to a great ex-
tent. in mechanization. Thinning
and werdit'g equipment and har-
vesting machines are revamping
the farm picture in the South.
The mechanical cotton picker is
oy southern Democrats, finally
withered and blew away in dust
face, and other factors
Typtcal result of mechanization
yvas the experience of a Mississippi
farmer who used a Rame cultivator
to control weeds at a cost of 50
By the end of this year Individ cents an acre at the same time hu-
unl taxpayers in 'he U S will ha\t? n.;t s choppers were costing S5
TAX \
That Otd Ci!
Czech Refugee Confirms
Crod in ?ron Curtain
HyHAtKHAKH
WASHINGTON-Is the Union of Sovtct Sociahst Republics
7 > -I'i . r ',n ,d, which is being toyed with by some wtsh-
Mthin^ others consider it one of the most
... s ft'cc"! into the hands of unwary
'''''t^n^-ysc the theory Is worth examining. It appears to have been
.. ,,,em,-crs of the httle group of highly inteli.gent but
' rhlv prejudiced people who form a constantly growing segment
; -v^hu^-'n ^ea tv-the'political refugees from the c.untr.e. on th.
y . , t I iuers. One .'an. however, trust this group for certain baste facts.
)!\t KHACE
Although the July 18 truce in
Palestine put at least a temporary
end to the military blootlshed be-
tween Jews and Arabs, the struggle
tor rights and power continues be-
hind the diplomatic scenes in the
Near Fast.
However, tlcrc is some reason to
believe noyv that many of tie
troubles in the troubled sp. t mav
' be smoothed out when Count Eolkr
BcrnadoUe. U N mediator, pro-
poses his next pcace plan in Sep-
tember
One of the reasons tor such opti-
mism is the attitude of King Ab-
dullah of Trans-Jordan, most pow-
; erful of the Arab league states
Abdullah has asked for full and
careful consideration of any future
proposal for permanent peace in
Palestine.
And. he said, his "Arab n;n <
does not exclude any possit'le com-
promise that secures justice and
prevents unnecessary bloodshed
"We would like that the efforts
of Count Bernadotte in the refugee
problem be successful, and after-
capable of performing the work of wards that any new proposals wluc.
for a week by a dromng filibuster 40 to 50 human pickers, varying he will make should not be reject; -
* - wMh weather conditions, land sur- outright, but be fully discusnd bj
i fore they are put tn final forte
paid nearly 12;< billion dollars in
direct personal taxes, according to
p sutyey entitled "Domestic Con
sumcr Maikets " prepared by the
National Industrial Conference
board.
[.as' year 'he report says. Amer-
icans pad mote in personal taxes
t)i-n the* spent for new hontes.
(Mt? fmttfun* i-<m medi'alcate
Of course, complete mechaniza-
as entirely mechanized. A consid-
erable portion of the remaining
crop, however, was in various
stages of mechanization.
' '
..... ...
Recently, I learned one of these
f;nts which may surprise you. Of
course, you recall
that Soviet diplo-
macy always has
explained yvhat we
call its aggression
as simply a desire
to surround itself
with what it de-
scribes as "friend-
ly" countries. The
refugees of whom
I spoke are living
proof that not all
of the inhabitants
of Russia's satel-
lites are friendly.
However, most of
tis have been led
to assume that at least the govern-
ments and the controlling Com-
munist minorities which support
them have been able to produce a
decree of mutual afTcction v.h:ch
satisfies the Kremlin. After Tito's
intion we wondered.
What about the frontiers between
tl',i"-r countries and Russia"
The answer came from an nntl-
Conmninist. recently arrived from
C/t hoslovakia —one of the many
persons who arc scrping out cf that
an.) tithcr satellite countries every
[lav. He was asked in my presence
if the frontier betyvecn his country
and Russia wait open, in the sense
that travel was permitted under the
same conditions that obtain between
normally friendly nations.
The Czech laughed. He said:
"The border between my country
and Russia is no tighter than a dam
would have to be to keep a drop of
water from getting through."
I t.ave heard the Russian frontiers
of other satellite nations similarly
described.
My informant also outlined other
sinnificant conditions in Czechoslo-
vakia, fir<^t reminding us of three
important facts:
1. CzccttoslHvakiaisthcmost
Industrialized of all the satel-
lites.
2. tt is also the most demo-
cratic in the realistic sense we
view democracy. In other
words, the cott'tfrv isthorougttlv
indoctrinated with the kind of
democratic methods we know.
This is due in part, of course
to the fact that so many of the
men responsible fur formation
of the Czech r e p u It 1 i e spent
many years in the t nited States
and were made thoroughly fa-
miliar wUh American methods.
!t is also due to the fart that
they had a long period of prac-
tieal experience in putting
these ntcthods into eflect in
their own eoutttry.
3. The Czechs had a very
high standard of living com-
pared to the other satellites.
These factors, taken together,
most of them would have flown
away." Many did anyway and
Czech planes are turning up con-
tinually in Western controiled areas
of Europe. This occurs in civil
aviation too bccause many of the
pilots arc former members of the
air corps.
But if the Red government can-
not trust the air corps, it has even
less confidence in the Czech armored
force. It has been necessary to
immobilize it.
But the greatest friction
caused by partial eommunl:a-
tion is felt In the nation's econ-
omy. Everyone suffers, at least
indirectly, because of this, hut
It can be seen most ciearty
among workers. Recent fig-
ures, which were made avai!-
ahle to the public, indicate that
there is a sharp falling-off in
the man hour productiveness.
'Ibis could he attributed either
to conscious sabotage or to a
feeling of indifference and re-
sentment caused by reduced
pay and restrictions on the
union labor movement.
Ht fmc the Russians moved in. 75
to 80 p< r cent of Czechoslovakia's
foreign trade yvas with non-Com-
ttiu; st countries. This has been
ct'Uhiembly reduced under pres-
sure from Russia, but even now
some 60 to 70 per cent of her ex-
ports go to Western Europe.
Virtually the entire output of the
great Skoda arms factory goes to
Russia. The output is largely heavy
artillery. Production of small arms
for Russia also has been stepped
up greatly.
CAanceofRetJo/f
Termed SmaH
Objective observers admit that
there is small chance of an open
revolt That isn't the Czech method.
They are great underground work-
ers, but they haven't the enthusiasm
for blood-letting that people like the
Yugoslavs have. If. however, the
Soviets became involved in war.
undoubtedly the Czechs would join
hcartilv with those they consider
thotr liberators.
Those p.ersons who predict a
crack in the iron curtain base part
of their argument on an attitude
i amrng Czech leaders yvhich is said
I to parallel that of Tito's supporters
[in Yugoslavia That is this ques-
tion of nationalism. There have
teen recent reports from Europe
tl:at Czech Premier Gottwatd. who
always l as been considered Mos-
c \. s right-hand-man in Czechoslo-
vakia. :s about to fall from Soviet
I ' of' r the same reason Tito fell,
'ttwald is a lifelong Communist
vhowa^ won over to the Marxian
p phy before he had an op-
p rtunity to see it put into eflect
. irt.ti^r t , '"ins own cou]])ry. He was an apt
'.'" Ihi ' ''-""''"'ar'y vu'- . "'"'"B student in Moscow, hut
m'Kble toa (. < ;;,M.uni-.t . .up. When ! eapi arot)tly cherished the ilhtsion
it came, becauseof their demo-[that his own country couid accept
'.f''l!vinc"'t!"^r t ' ';<"1'<'1 '!-e f i'munist form of government
tf 1 ytng. tl.e Czechs yvere pnrtic- and still maintain its identitv and
"ft yet thor-
T' -re is still !"U
ipen criticism ] R'
no wlolrsalp)
OH is being consmicd tn the
U. S today at a rate exceeding
the total woilrt.nnsumntion of on!v
tion of cotton will not materialize '*0 years ago. ncc rding to an
overnight. National Cotton council, article in a recent i-isuerf B tsi
representing the entire industry, ness Comment." bulletin of the
reports that in 1947 less than 3 per i Northern Trust company in Chicago
cent of the crop could be classed Demand for all oils in the fust
quarter of 1048 averaged 8 3 mil-
lion barrels daily, an increase of 7
per cent over the corresponding
period of 1P47
ulariy unhappy as an aftermath of
Communist mot:.ids and Ru-'. ,n
domination In ot!rr words, the
Czechs had more to lose thari anv
of the other countiies within the
Red orbit.
Crca(erPro6/enis
Arc tn Prospect
Czechoslovakia is
"i.ghlycommuni.eil
.<ccrtain amount of
There have been
purges Undoubtedly, thesp witll
'omc. but wl cn they do-;,n<! herein
those who believe that th(' m-y.'f,,
position is weakening are encour-
i. ;ed—the prospects ;,re t)^ ^
l arder the Russians crack down
t.ie greater problem Czech, sh.'.^ja
will present to her Kremlin over
beers.
Refore the coup that ended in the
death of M.:":<rvt< '""k place, it was
tstimated that perhaps 20 ppi- cent!
of the people had l,.f„ ind^tri.
nated with communism Another K)
per cent were sympat!<tif.^hit.j^.
from a theoretical point of view
My Czech tnformart declares thai
n can be reliabh eM matedt'^t
J !'"!!' communism
which the p.,-pic have had row has
reduced ttiat connnuntst sc<ir<? tn
l^pcrccnt
He also confirmed the recent
^'.Moments about th? armv_thr,uch
he e.ive no Heures-made by Gen
AitotnnHa.-alw', e-c.tpttitothe
\!i:er.can zone of Germany in the
1 "" J"'v H tsnl said that
f t centoftheerlistt-drr.rnand
no .. . mmissioned oflitcrs in the
< it armv was anti-Communist
My mfon- ;,nt put n this
'The atr force, mans of whose
member.- fought with the p A M
is almost entitelv pro-Westem
Lawn Fun-itn,,. ]
...turr
picnic gr
SUrpue;
out can If
added /. .
thrill of a
You
of law
The set illu '.rated ai^
built f: m -
1
terns take all th
woodworking. Ka-r.
size,
each part.
are fastened t
locations : ; '..".'A
tern. Step hy step
plain every par^ta.nstr*'::
easy to;:' <
Makini'a - e 3t3i:<
American. 1
country rt 's.n tie-,
have built a!
and their far .
furnitun . - !
mcnt is not dr: -ult. Yo:3
it if y"',it'..'. .<
designed so t..,t::.,sfKXi
or skit! are reiiired.
lawn set for i ' i..*itM;H.
Send:"' . rL J
Pattern X * .*< t - I'.
terncoiiii-anY, D.i,t.V,',?.;tJ
vilie, N. Y.
of!
i was
no
Nl)Lt!!<;(T
''Since in : '.'KyrsM
fast e-real i's. .' :'. .'
tives!"—.'tfr.-i. 1. < -
p/n r. P(!.
If yottr <!:.' '"'n]
elimination, t): ] it*!]
dclieious <'( " a: I)
willsup]<yit.Kat
an otin-e every
day ir. milk—arid
drtnk plenty of
water, if not sat-
isfied after Id
days, send the
empty carton t3
theKelloKgCr'.L-
itattleCrt'<'k,Mi';...a:.'),'''tt'^
YOUtt MONHY HA' K. Order KELMK! I
ALtrMKAN toJay.
4 *-. <*
pyei
alem
tiuld
ittint
mon
^ent.;
Sup
hatl
who
Yodora
checks
perspiration
odor ga
lS<ay*ii<'ft<'n'lc"M?'"""^
!gnuny. ,,,!
[:'R'yp<T^<*Yo'l"rn--^''''" . '
fdiflcreitec!
<
[But
thim
j Ana
!not
ous <
done
for
its identity and
it? n h pvndence. The utter domin-
ation by Russia has become not
oi t\ usta ttfultoGottyvaidbutalso
to at least tyvo other members of
his cabinet, including the minister)
of justice.
O ttw;,ldisnotthe leader that
i't' is and he probably can he
brushed aside. But the
he
vieyvpoint
Sprinkler System of
welcome to come out and
terrain, and size or type <
= - r'r.H'=''
tr-' . r. ^
ttoHAt ci < rs
na'M)"U'
ffftsonf
your land.
bi
lit
P!
any size Marlow Pump.
R WATER SUPPLY
!-
rr
a
B
)
70 [ v
Br
t)
' <- Reds hadn't dratned the t'aaks
" i before
p ' novernment of Att-
'"A in declared the do. k-
!e t i '* ^""onal emergency.
I^ti n n ' n' Prodamation since
t. k, I 1'.'" *
' ^ i'royes how you can
strike
It s
!< you
<t 11
get down at the heel
Aud Y""r
1-
,„„ri. f<*) ,,, . '.in
arid* othwr
Mood'
MtMT ^*' !"
th.iOClE.j'-".,. *
TtMWth<K , w'
!
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F. L. Weimar & Son. The Alto Herald (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 48, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 26, 1948, newspaper, August 26, 1948; Alto, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth215098/m1/2/?q=%22%22~1: accessed July 15, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Stella Hill Memorial Library.