The Crosbyton Review. (Crosbyton, Tex.), Vol. 31, No. 16, Ed. 1 Friday, April 21, 1939 Page: 2 of 8
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Tocker Foundation Grant and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Crosby County Public Library.
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the crosbyton review
Ml
•■■■Smm
News Analysis
dopts SConfusion9 Plan
rce More Concessions
.By Joseph W. La Bine—
MOTE— Wktn opinions
_ r. im tb *4 columns, they
#1 (*• N a wi ■««
tf m (W mrmtptptr.
- .
I Almost forgotten by war-mad
this month has been little
whose conquest by Italy
started the cauldron boiling,
e Benito Mussolini quietly made
tiriy Balkan state part of King
r Emmanuel's monarchy, Eu-
rope became a frantic checkerboard
Of moves and countermoves in which
harried France and Britain seemed
* badly outmaneuvered. Biggest news
came from the Balkans, where
democracies concentrated on Gre-
cian friendship while Premier John
Metaxas quavered under threats of
Axis invasion if he continued hob-
nobbing with Britain. Finally, al-
from Rhodes and other islands of
the Dodecanese group, Italy could
strike at either Greece or Turkey.
Northeast Europe. Poland, fearful
of invasion yet jealous of her inde^
pendence, risks "German "invasion
from north and west as the price
for a military pact with Britain.
Also to the north are Lithuania, Lat-
via and Estonia, tools of the Reich
and potential points of invasion into
Rmckart't Washington Digest
Time Has Come to Pay the Fiddler
New Tax Sources Must Be Found
Supreme Court Decision Opens Way to Tap Salaries of
Federal, State and Local Government Employees;
Never Has Nation Had Such Gigantic Debt.
By WILLIAM BRtTCKAflT
WNU Service, National Press Bldg., Washington, D. C.
WASHINGTON.—Court decisions
as a rule are difficult things for lay-
Poland. Likely sources of trouble ■ men to understand. True, most ev-
here are Danzig, which seeks an- eryone who hears or reads an opin-
nexation by Germany, and the Po- jon j,y a learned justice will know
J®.-*
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GREECE'S METAXAS
Britain was nice, Italy even nicer.
though British Prime Minister
iChamberlain offered a weak "guar-
Sintee" of protection to Greece and
taly, Premier Metaxas took pains
'to proclaim joyfully that Italy prom-
ised to respect the Greek frontier.
This, he said, symbolized a "new
period of Italian-Greek relations,"
but it was merely symbolic of how
lesser European states, one by one,
are bowing to the Axis rather than
accept doubtful "protection" from
France and Britain.
By mid-April the post-Albanian
crisis had subsided but another was
plainly in the offing. Newly
strengthened, Italy and Germany
are expected to jab soon at any of
20 possible points, confusing the
democracies so badly that all dic-
tator demands will be granted.
Among possible attack points:
Spain. The civil war is over but
Italian troops are still arriving in
defiance o 1 the Italo-British Mediter-
ranean pact. The excuse is a "vic-
tory parade" on May 2, but shrewd
old Field Marshal Henri Petain,
whom France named its first envoy
to Burgos, has returned in disgust
to explain that he was snubbed and
treated insolently, and that General
Franco is a tool for the Axis: If
this is true, Italy or Germany could
attack France's southern border,
British Gibraltar or French Algeria
from bases in Spain.
Mediterranean. Gaining nothing
by howling for French Tunisia in
northern Africa, Italy has changed
hey tactics, reverting to silence. But
several German troop trains have
passed through Italy bound for
Italian Libya, potential operations
base for a Tunisian campaYgn.
Balkans. Italo-German thrusts
converge hefe. focused on Rumania,
Greece and Turkey. Docile tools of
the Reich, Hungary and Bulgaria
have massed troops on Rumania's
lish corridor, where Germany wants
to build a highway from its "main-
land" to isolated East Prussia.
Western Europe. Mysterious Ger-
man troop movements have brought
reinforcements on both sides of Bel-
gian, Swiss, Dutch and Danish fron-
tiers, any of which might be crossed
in a brisk German coup. Less like-
ly is a strike against France, which
would precipitate a general war.
Result. Though forced by public
opinion to stiffen, Mr. Chamberlain's
government still hopes to woo Italy
from the Axis and make peace-<by
appeasement. Mr. Chamberlain will
not declare war, which is the only
alternative to a stronger foreign pol-
icy if the government would.remain
in power.' This falling, parliament
has become so hostile that Anthony
Eden, ex-foreign minister, is an ex-
cellent bet to suc'ceed Mr. Cham-
berlain when the next crisis arrives.
Domestic
In New York marine underwriters
boosted war risk insurance. The
treasury announced $365,436,000 in
gold fled to the U. S. in March,
while $49,000,000 more arrived in
two mid-April days alone. At Rome,
Mussolini Mouthpiece Virginio Gay-
da wrote in a caustic editorial for
his Giornale ^H^ftaifiT "The United
States should heed timely advice
before those European nations (Italy
and Germany) which have been
chosen as targets by America, are
forced to occupy themselves in the
same spirit with American internal
affairs." Back in Wasliii Vn from
Warm Springs, where he had prom-
ised to return next fall "if we don't
have a war," President Roosevelt
heard two cabinet officers (Hull and
Morgenthau) warn that a European
war is likely unless effective curbs
are placed on Nazi-Fascist threats
to the world economic structure.
what the result is—whether one side
or the other wins. But, generally
speaking, the public as a whole fails
to understand the full importance
of a decision. It is not their fault.
Comparatively few persons are
trained in law, and a good many of
those only believe themselves to be
lawyers.
For that reason, as well as the
fact that many persons do not, have
the time or the opportunity to exam-
ine court decisions, I have been won-
dering whether it isl clear exactly
what happened when Mr. Justice
Stone recently read the decision in
I the case involving taxation of fcd-
! eral and state employees. No doubt,
i most persons realized that Justice
Stone had ruled there can be taxa-
; tion of the salaries of federal employ-
; ees by state governments and that
! the federal government may tax the
salaries of state officials and employ.
! ees and employees of lesser govern-
I ments like cities and fcettn-ties. But
j there is more to the ruling than the
: simple statement just made, very
j much more.
As a matter of fact, I believe that-
those who were privileged to listen
to Justice Stone that day heard an
opinion that is going to go a long
way in changing the course of gov-
ernment from the federal govern-
ment down to the lowliest township.
I think frankly that it will be sev-
eral years.before the full force and
effect of that decision will be ex-
erted. both nationally and locally,
but I am definitely convinced that it
will be felt and that it will have im-
portant effects upon governmental
policies.
And beyond that, the decision told
another story. It told the story that
our national, state and local govern-
ments are hard up for tax sources.
It actually shouted to all who would
listen: bOys and girls, your spending
What his seemingly casual remark j ?,an(^e,over> now> H 8 time to pay
interided, the President later ex-
plained was that "we" meant not
VIRGINIO GAYDA
He offered advice to the U. S.
the U. S., but western civilization.
It also gave "positive direction to
public thinking" on the European
situation.
While a Gallup poll was reporting
that 65 per cent of the U. S. popula-
tion favored boycotting German-
made goods, congress was busy cre-
ating a foreign trade program that
would fight the Reich with its owii-
the fiddler,
Never Before Hat the Nation
Had Such a Gigantic Debt-
It can not be construed otherwise.
Never before in our history has the
nation had such a gigantic debt, a
debt of more than 40 billion dollars.
Never before have the states or the
cities or the counties had such debts,
where their state constitutions per-
mit creation of debt, as they have
today. I do not know 6f anyone who
can give accurate figures on the
debts of governments of states, cit-
ies, and counties. It is a tremendous
sum. They have danced, and they,
too, must pay their fiddler.
In the lush days when most folks
were working and there was good
business, the taxes rolled in and
there was little or no thought about
spending money for new roads, new
post offices, new county courthouses,
new city halls, new bridges and so
on. Money was spent rather lib-
erally in those days. There were
bonds sold, and the proponents cam-
paigned for bond issues in a big
way. They said, in effect, "Aw
come on and vote these bonds. We
can pay them off over 20 years and
the little teeny added tax won't
hurt." It probably did not hurt, in
those days. But there came the
depression'and there came 10 mil-
lion men out of work, and there
came the worst business in a half
century. Then, that teeny little bit
of tax did hurt. The..,taxpayers-uP°n t^e mind of the job-
government should have the right to
tax the income of those who were
held to be exempt from income tax-
ation because they worked for a
state government, or city govern-
ment or a. county government, or
some agency of those governments.
Likewise, Mr. Roosevelt has con-
tended that income from federal
bonds and income from bonds issued
by state and local governments and
school districts and drainage dis-
tricts and irrigation districts should
be taxable. He has thus far been
unable to accomplish anything in
this direction, and the^rhatter was
not before the court. It, therefore,
did not figure in Justice Stone's opin-
ion. Sometime, such taxation may
be brought about. I hope so, any-
way, because it is a proper subject
of taxation, it seems to me.
But to get down to another direct
result of the Stone ruling which, by
the way, was supported by seven of
the nine justices of the highest court.
Pay of Federal Employees
Tax Exempt for 69 Years
For the last 69 years, the pay of
any federal official or employee
could not be taxed in any form by
any state or local government. Of
course, there was no incomfe tax
"during most of that time, either na-
tional {fr state, and during most of
that time, as well, there was not the
press for government revenue that
now'obtains. But, to repeat, for 69
years state or local governments
could not touch the pay of a fed-
eral worker, nor could the federal
government touch the pay of a state
or city or county worker, even after
the federal government turned to in-
come taxes as a revenue source.
Some judge, somewhere, sometime,
had said Uie Constitution prevented
it. It was just taken for granted.
All of thaL no.w_-has been changed,
however, and if the pay of county
judge is sufficient to fail within the
federal tax brackets, he will pay.
It will be the same with everyone
from the governor on down and from
the mayor on down. It wll be the
same with federal officials and other
federal employees stationed or liv-
ing within a state that imposes in-
come taxes on its residents.
No one has y£t calculated how
much additional tax will be obtained
by the federal government as a re-
sult of the decision. Nor has any-
one made a real guess as to what
the ruling will mean in additional
dollars and cents to state govern-
ments which may now safely im-
pose the income tax on all federal
employees. In the case of the fed-
eral payroll, the civil service com-
mission figures there are something
like 800 thousand receiving checks
twice each month. There are in
addition, hundreds of employees of
outfits like TV A, RFC and other cor-
porations. The stock of these is
owned by the federal government
and they are, therefore, "instrumen-
talities" of the -federal government,
hitherto with payrolls exempt from
state income taxes.
There is one thing, however, of
which we may be sure: the jobs,
the political plums, the 5-thousand
and 10-thousand dollar jobs have
suddenly become less^ juicy. They
are less lucrative by about $560 on
a 10-thousand dollar job.
What Effect Will Additional
Taxes Have on Jobholders?
Very important also, in my opin-
ion, is the effect this additional tax
ADVENTURERS' CLUB
HEADLINES FROM THE LIVES
OF PEOPLE LIKE YOUKSELFI
"Rails of Death
99
__ T TELLO. EVERYBODY: .' T~~"
Tl Well, sir, for a long time I've been, warning young
fellows to stay off of side door pullmans. I've seen so many
adventure yarns about lads who have come to grief beating
their way on freight trains that I'm pretty well convinced
it's a dangerous pastime. But here's a lad I can't very well
warn to Stop riding freight trains. In the first place, that
was his job. In the second place, he's reformed and isn't
working on the railroad anymore. And in the third place,
he knows all about the hazards of railroading. He probably
knows a doggone sight more about it than I do.
If those aren't enough reasons, I could probably think
up some more. But there comes today's distinguished ad-
venturer—Edwin F. Eckdahl of Young, Saskatchewan, Can-
ada—another fellow who has come a long, long way to join
our club. . And here's the story:
Ed started railroad work in the early part of the century,
braking on the Pennsylvania. His run was out of Logans-
port, Ind., and those were the days when the men had to
contend with the old style link-and-pin drawbar and when
air brakes were few and far between. There might be a few air-braked
cars on every train, but most freights consisted principally of "jacks"
<! • hand-braked cars.
Ed says every brakeman tried to get a few air-braked. cars
up at the head of the train, where they'd help a lot in holding
back the other cars, but some of the old die hard conductors
wouldn't allow that. "There are brakes on top," they used to
say, "and the brakeman is getting paid for braking them. Let
him work for his money." It was one of those conductors that
Ed was working for—and it came near costing himjhisjife.
Tops of Cars Covered With Thin Ice.
It was one day early in 1906 that that happened. Ed's train pulled
out of Chicago about 10:30 on a cold winter ni^t with a light train of
meat and merchandise." "We had a nice, string of air-braked cars," he
says, "but there were behind about ten or twelve 'jacks' and the con-
ductor said 'nothing doing' when the rear-end man and I wanted to
switch them. It had rained in Chicago and the tops of the cars were
MSWSMSKKSgl 5--
Yugoslavia is neutralized, surround-
ed by Hungary, Bulgaria and Al-
bania. From the latter point, and
r-
Trend
Bow the wind is blowing ...
AVIATION — Round-the-world
the first time, are priced at
IB for a trip requiring 14 days,
Uding 11 overnight stops,
fC^-A total of 165 ves-
(gating 878,000 gross
under construction fn
pyards, compared with
weighing 888,000 tons
this time.
>N— MaJ. Edward J.
U. 8. army officer.
' re the Washington
ilosophical Research
■•is (mercy killing)
tor aged indigents.
Insane and diseased
efelldren born as mon-
I first degree murdaMrs.
ition: "One of the Ten
ftdments might be modi-
KKfe
sause eggs bring
II cents a dozen, A. W.
nrth, dairy farmer at Hurd,
is feeding his cattle egg-
raising the "milk-ted"
cotton surpluses for such strategic
materials as tin and rubber. Since
neither Italy nor Germany can fur-
nish tin and rubber, the U. S. would
be joining the Stop Hitler bloc eco-
nomically by dealing primarily with
^Britain and thfe Netherlands. More
over the move would jibe with
cash and carry" neutrality—being
debated simultaneously in the sen-
ate—because the barter plan would
ve "nations which have control of
the seas" access to American sup-
plies as provided by the controver-
sial Pittman resolution. Britain and
France are those natiohs.
People
Dropped, at his own request,
Thawas B. Amlie, former progres.-
siva Wisconsin congressman, from
consideration as a member of the
interstate commerce commission.
Reason: Congressional reticence
over confirmation.
.• Sentenced, in New York federal
court for smuggling, Mrs. Edgar N.
-Laner, wife of a New York State
supreme court Justice.
# Chosen, as "American mother for
1889," Mrs. Ella* Compten of Woos-
ter, Ohio, mother of Nobel prize win-
ner, Dr. Arthur Holly Compton-
Massachusetts Institute of Technol-
ogy Pres. Earl Taylor Cpmpton;
Lawyer Wilson Martindale Comp-
ton; and Mrs. C. Herbert Rice, mis-
sionary and-wife of the principal of
a college in India.
weren't paying"taxes, because they
had no money to pay them..
There was. however, a debt. The
destitute had to be fed and clothed.
First, the local authorities did it;
then the states and then the days of
the real dancc began. Billions upon
billions were poured out of the fed-
eral treasury to be used for feed-
ing and clothing and housing those
whom the states and cities had
cared for; but could care for no
longer. And up zoomed the national
debt. It was about 16 billions to
start with because only 9 billions of
the World war debt had been paid
off. Since the taxes were not bring-
ing in enough money, the federal
treasury borrowed and borrowed
some more.
Now, They re Seeking Money
To Pay Their Fiddlers
Now, the tiifte has comrtO begin
paying off the debts. The states
and the cities and the counties have
been looking for/money to pay their
fiddlers. The national government
has been looking for money to pay its
fiddlers. Each unit of government
has. had to look around for new
spots, new things, to tax. Taxes
are as T>igh as, can be regarded as
productive in many of the usual
ways of taxation. So, where shall
we turn? was the question.
President Ropsevelt has believed
for a long time that it was rather
silly that officers and employees of
the federal government should not
be taxed by their home states. He
has belitved, too, that the federal
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He lost his balance and was forced to step off the flat rimming board.
covered with a coating of thin ice, and my first'Job was to go over the
tops and chip that ice from the running boards on the ten or twelve cars
I was to use for braking."
Ed had ice clips on his shoes to keep him from slipping.
They were pretty dull, bat he thought they'd last him one more
trip. He worked his way along nntil he was about ten cars bick
of the engine and then, near the I. C. crossing at Riverdale, the
train hit a slight curve. Ed was unprepared for it. He lost his
balance and was forced to step off the flat running board onto
the sloping, ice-covered top of the car.
The instant he did his feet shot out from under hip. Ue started slid-
ing off the top. "I was on my back." he says, "but when mV legs were
over the side I managed to turn over on my stomach—and, as luck would
have it, a nail that had worked up from a board in the car top caught
in my coat. I was so far over the side that there was more of me in
the open than on the roof. I was just able to keep part of my chest
and arms on the car. And there I hung.
"I knew if I slid off I wouldn't have much of a chance. All I could
do was hang on—and get back on top ij that was possible. It was cold
weather and the position I was in was tiring me out The longer I
stayed there the worse it would be." .
His Hands Slipped on the Smooth Ice. /
Ed knew he couldn't look for any help. The engineer wcfuld think
he was in the caboose and the conductor would think he was the
engine. His lantern had shattered and gone over the side when he fett^
and he couldn't signal with that. He tried pulling himself forward with
the flat of his hands against the car top, but they slipped on the smooth
ice. "
"I tell you it kept me busy," he says. "I didn't know how long that
nail would hold me. or how long the cloth of my coat would stand the
strain. But believe me. I stuck tight with all the strength I had."
But now Ed noticed something that was working in his favor. The
heat of his palms as they pressed against the top of the car was melting
the thin coating of ice., In one spot his hands were beginning to take
hold. He began to move his palms forward to melt the ice up ahead.
It was a long, slow protf«ssT*^r^y wriggling my body as a snake
would," he says, "I was able to bring it forward a little. I had to melt
quite a bit of ice to get myself in a fairly safe position and even then
the wind and the swaying of the car threatened to throw me off at any
minute. And then I ran into another obstruction."
The Nail Holds Him Back From Safety.
It was that nail which had caught in his clothing. In the beginning
it had saved his life. Now it was holding Rim back, keeping him from
moving any farther forward. Ed didn't daVe move a hand to free it
And there he was, fastened to the car, unable to move any farther and
not knowing when a low spot or a curve in the track would shake
him off.
He began to get a bit panic-stricken then. He clawed at the top of
the car with futile hands. And suddenly his groping palmr struck-on
11 worked up out of the boards like the first one,
holder.~"You know, a jobholder very
frequently is most willing, even anx-
ious, to spend the taxpayers' money.
It is one way by which he can curry
favor, make votes for himself. I
have a feeling that many of those
jobholders are going to stop and
think a wee bit more. He may pos-
sibly stop to think how much it will
take out of his pocketbook. That
ought to be helpful, because it ought
to reduce the number of flannel*
mouths going about the county or
district, shouting for another bond
issue before the ink on the last one
gets dry. One of the results, there- "1 caught hold of it by a thumb and finger," Ed says, "and only
fore, possibly may be to cause that- then did I dare to move the other , hand down and loosen the nail that
type of public official and advocate
of "mprovement" to favor living
within the income of tax receipts.
To make it complete, now-, we
ought to have the same kind of re*
ciprocal taxation of income fronr
federal bonds and bQfids issued by
state and local governments and
their' agencies. Mr. Roosevelt has
sM he believes these can be taxed
—that is, those to be issued in the
future—under present laws. Some
very fine legal minds in congress
believe, on the other hand, that cre-
ation of such a taxing right will re-
quire amendment of the Constitu-
tion. In any event it ought to be
done for the good of the country.
There can be no doubt in the mind
of anybody that "tax free" bonds
, sell like hot cakes. They bring bet-
tar prices than bonds of industrial
corporations and the like, because
the interest from those bonds must
bear its fair share, of tax.
Q-Western Newspaper Ualcs,
DELICIOUS
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For Particular
Business Men
Highest Quality Foods are
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MAIN CAF]
Ez-Way-Laundrj
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old customers.
Come in to see us
MRS. G. C. MAUPW
MRS. L. A. FINCH
Lubbock
Sanitarium & Clinic
Medical, Surgical. I)iac;nostk
General Surgery
Dr. J. T. KrueKur
Dr. J. II. Stiles
- Dr. Ilenrie E. Mast
Eye, Ear, Nose & Throst
Dr. J. T. Hutchinson
Dr. Ben B. Hutchinson
Dr. E. M. Blake
Infants & Children
Dr. M. C. Overton
Dr. Arthur Jenkins
General Medicine
Dr. J. P. Lattimore
Dr. H, C. Maxwell
Dr. U. S. Marshall
Obstetrics
Dr. O. R. Hand
Internal Medicine
Dr. R. H. McCarty
X-Kay & Laboratory
Dr. James D. Wilson
Resident
Dr. J. W. Sinclair
C. E. Hunt
Superintendent
Was caught in my coat. I wriggled back on the top and when I reached
the running board I was covered with sweat Imd my hands and face
Wtfre full of slivers. All I did was lie flat on my face and pant."
The' train was pulling into a station and the engineer whistled lor
brakes, but Ed didn't move. "Of course the train ran past the station "
-Ed says, "and I was in line for a bawling out But when I told the
neer what had happened he had to make his excuses for not seebflTmy
lantern disappear. I've had lots of close calls In railroading, hut th.t
was my closest one." '.
Copyright.—WNU Service.
Several Reasons Advanced for 'Keystone' Nickname
The nickna my~lttygtroirtrusjjiMor
Pennsylvania, says the Philadelphia
Inquirer, is of doubtful origin, but
the theory given most credence is
that it was so named because of
its central position among the states
at the time of the adoption of the
Federal Constitution. OtHSfOfeorletf
advanced are that the name is de-
rived from the arch of a bridge
across the Rock creek between
Georgetown and Washington, D. C.,
which contained 13 stones named for
the 13 original states. The keystone
was marked with the letters "Pa."
A drawing on display at the Ameri-
can Philosophical society* which
was given to-this country by Prance
in 1784, represents the 13 American
states In the form of a stone arch
with Pennsylvania In the keystone
position. Another suggestion is that
Pennsylvania was the last colony to
vote for tip Declaration of Inde-
pendence completing thus the "Arch
of Liberty." m
X-RAY AND RADIUM
Pathological Laboratory
SCHOOL OF NURSING
"No.
were
J. II. Feltoe
Business Mgr.
HAULING
WHEN YOU" HAVE HAULING
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C. C. BECKHAM
INSURANCE OF ALL
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Citizens Insurance
Agency
F. M. DUN*N, Agent
CITIZENS BANK BLDG.
$25.00 REWARD
Will'be paid by the manufacturer
for-any-^Orn, GREAT CHRISTO-
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move. Also removes Warts s
Callouses. 35c at
CITY DRUG STORE
' Us For
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Also
Typewriter Ribbons, Ink P d «
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Paper* Paper Clips, PemfflK*'"
Erasers, and many other off'f*
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day.
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Curry, W. M. The Crosbyton Review. (Crosbyton, Tex.), Vol. 31, No. 16, Ed. 1 Friday, April 21, 1939, newspaper, April 21, 1939; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth243113/m1/2/?q=%22%22~1: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Crosby County Public Library.