The Abilene Reporter. (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 11, No. 17, Ed. 1 Friday, April 22, 1892 Page: 3 of 8
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PROFIT IN GRAPE CULTURE
TWO HUNDRED AND FIBTY PER
CENX PROFIT PAY8 WELLy
Texas Grape Cnlturlsts Here Are
Somo Faots for You; Yon Have
tho Olimato and Soil
Small Fruits.
In a puiier on "How Grapes Pay"
read before the West Michigan horti
cultural Society A. H. Smith of tiw
Paw said; "In the spring of 1885 I
planted tooo Concord grape vines
with a view of seeing how cheaply 1
could grow grapes. The location was
high and free from late frosts but not
steep enough to wash soil a strong
gravelly loam which would produce
25 bushels of wheal or 100 bushels of
corn to the acre A clover sod was
turned under and fitted as for corn
marking 4 by 4 feet and one-year-old
vines set at every alternate mark
Two weeks later com was planted ex-
cept at the hiarks where vines had
been set. The field was kept thoroughly
cultivated and hoed the rest of the sea-
son and the corn gathered mote than
paid for the cultivation. The second
spring the vines were staked and corn
again planted. In hoeing the two
strongest shoots were tied to the stakes
and all others rubbed off. This left
the vines in good condition to bear the
second season but for some reason the
crop was very light and the receipts
from grapes were less than the corn
crop had brought the previous year.
The fourth spring posts and wires
were set the bottom wire two and
one-half feet and the top five feet high.
On the strongest vines four canes
were left in pruning two for the bottom
and two lor the top wire but many of
the vines were so small that only the
two bottom canes could be left. The
crop this season was good averaging
twelve pounds per vine. We picked
and shipped about one-third of the
jjf the vineyard and sold the balance
on the vines at 1 2 cents per basket
(about eight pounds to the basket).
The fifth year (.1889) the crop was
again light only four and one-half
pounds per vine but the vine made a
tremendous growth. The next spring
we cut back to four canes except where
a vine had made an extra rank growth
when six canes were left. The average
yield was over twenty three pounds
per vine. Ky close figuring we can
bring the cost of picking packing and
delivering to the depot to twenty cents
per basket but this can not be done
with inexperienced help. One hundred
baskets is a good day's work for a
packer and one man can cover fr
about five packers. To give the fig-
ures for six years: The land occupied
was 1 V5 acres; total cost the first year
was $125 75" the second year increased
the coitio $156 75; tlie third year the
crop ol grapes amounted to 1800
pounds and netted only $25 60. I low-
ever this pud expanses and $1 over
tjje reason being that very little work
was put on the vineyard- other and
better paying fruit demanding attention.
The fourtli ear on 'account of wiring
the expense was $63 14 but the net
sales of grapes amounted to $186 42
leaving a protitt uf $1 22 28. The yield
was 32048 pounds. The fifth v ear a
cold storm mixed wth snow came on
May 30 when the vines were in blos-
som and blighted the crop. The yield
was only 4575 pounds but they sold
for $1 10 75. leaving a profit over ex-
penses ol $41 71. 'I he sixth jt.ir
(1890) the expense of pruinnp culti-
vation hoeing etc. was $30 34 It
cost $73 o market the crop and the
2709 baskets cost $94 82; 1639
pounds were sold bv weight to home
customers which if packed would
have made a totaj crop of 291 2 baskets
from 1000 vines. The entire expenses
for the year were $200 t6; receipts
$55 92! net profit $455 76 ahout
350 per cent on the investment Who
wants to go to California?
HOW 10 KAISE GRAPES SUCChSSFUtXV.
J. H. Tyron writer to the Orange
Judd Farmer:
I planted mv first vineyard on sand
and gravelly soil in i86t and have
made grape growing a specialty ever
since I still have a vineyard on the
sand and gravel and one which I plan-
ted twenty-five years ago on the clay
overlooking the waters of Lake Erie.
The ground for a vineyard should be
plowed deep and otherwise prepared as
for a crop of corn. I usually practice
spring planting of grape vines. 1
planted corn in the vineyard the first
year or some other hoed crops. I
consider corn the best as it partially
shades the vines the first season. The
second and third and following years I
gave thorough cultivature as for com
or other crop should be allowed on the
ground after the first year. I began
to prune and train on the horizontal
arm system but did not confine myself
altogether to that mode for the first
ten years but tried various systems
whjeli were in practice I did a great
deal of unnecessary work which in-
stead of being a benefit was an injury
to the vines and crop such as pinching
off the ends and pulling off the later-
alt or side shootts while they are grow
ing. I have made a good many mis
eFted
twyLUn
..We are determined to sell the best goods for thi leasioney.
25 yards of Gingham for $1.00. 20 yards of Oil Rea"Ca1ico for '$1.00.
Three Spools of Thread for 10 cents.
Towels and Table Cloths going at 1-2 the usual price. Tin Glass and
. ' Queensware cheaper than ever heard of. We also wish to call youratten-
v tioti to our Millinery Department. We have just received a nice Una of
Millinery consisting of Hats Caps Ribbons Elc. Etc. We will sell
you Ladies Hats in the latest styles trimmed to order for about 1-2
the usual price. Call and sec us we will show you through with pleasure
t t"
whether you intend to purchase or not.
takes in the business and some very
serious too one of which was in let-
ting the vines overbear when young.
Essential to success in grape culture
are a suitable location one not subject
to the late frosts in spring and having
natural drainage since dry land is the
most suitable for grapes. I learned
from experience is growing grapes
on sand and gravelly soils and on the
clay that tne clay grapes although
not so large and fine in appearance
when taken from the vines as those
on sand or m x d soils are finer in
quality and much firmer in texture and
are far better to handle and keep. Yet
some varieties do sufficiently well on
lighter soils to warrant their culture
where tlie location is desirable. Keep
the vine in a healthy growing condition
in order to produce a fair crop of good
fruit year to year. An over crop is dis-
astrous in the extreme as the fruit can
not be of first quality and the injury
to the vine may be such as to render
it of little value under the best treat-
ment for several years after. Go slow
at first where locition is not known
to be safe from killing frosts after the
grape buds start in spring. Choose
as good a location as possible the
right kind of soil of moderate fertility.
Plant mostly of the leading popular
varieties and give them good care and
cultivation. Grown moderate crops
of good fruit and put them on the mar-
ket thoroughly ripe and in as perfect
condition as possible. If all grape
growers would do trus there is no
doubt' but there would soun be a de-
mand created fully equal to the supply
and at paying prices to the producer.
Grapes are a inuch more ceitam crop
in this locality than pears or peaches
and a much greater success.
1 m 1
Rings on the Horns not a Reliable
Authority as to Age.
An old live stock dealer and one
who has given the matter deep thought
and lull investigation said to a Sioux
City Times reporter recently that the
old theory of ascertaining the ag of
cattle by the number of rings on the
horns was out of date but was the
method which was considered unerring
twenty -five ) ears ago. "At that time"
he said "it was the custom to tell a
cow's age by counting the r ngs on her
horns and a pretty close estimate
could be made but 1 find upon inves-
tigating the matter thoroughly that there
is no reliance to be plated in it. The
rings on an animal's horns are caused
by rhem being thiown off their feed.
an' sometimes two arc grown within a
year. I have jicii five-year-old cows
with just as smooth horns as a two-year-old.
Take for instance an ani-
mal that has been given the best of
care from call hood up to a maturity
and always fat and sleek and the horns
are generally free from rings but on
the other hand if the animal is not
given the necessary care that it should
receive at five years Old it will "proba-
bly have seven or eight rings. If an
animal is placed in a pasture and has
plenty of grass during the early part
of the season and during the latter
part of the season the grass is killed
by the drought then the growth Of the
animal stops and also the growth of
the horns. When put upon feed in
fall the animal again begins to grow
as likewise the horn which leaves the
little indentation when encircles the
horn and is termed a ring. I have
nnde this matter a study for years.
Peanut Culture.
"Please give us an article on ground
peas; the'quantity of lime to be used
to the acre whether broadcast or in
the drill: what kind of soil best adapted;
if best to use farm-pen manure on the
land; whether clean land such hat
been irt corn cotton or tobacco; quan-
tity to plant to the acre how far apart
in drill and kind best adapted to our
soils? We have been raising cotton
here in our section but it is now1 so
low we cannot afford to raise it and
we are compelled to diversify."
So writes an old subscriber and we
gladly respond to his invitation though
we desire to couple with it a word of
warning. Peanuts or ground peas
like cotton have been grown in excess
Stor
RED STORE
Abilene Texas.
J H PAKUAMORE Pre. OTTO W. STEKKEWS Cash. E. II. SlftTENIS A.Cash
The First National Bank
Capital $125000.00. - Surplus $16626.00.
DIRECTORS; J. H.Paramore G. A. Kirkland J. M. Radford. Brooke Smith Otto W
Steflens T. S. Rollins E. II. Sintenis.
J. G. LOWDQN 1'res.
Wm. CAMERON V. Pres.
The Abilene National Bank
Capital $100000.00. - Surplus $100 000.00.
DIRECTORS. Tlieo. Heyck Geo. P. Phillips. E. 11. Rollins J M. Daugherty Fred
Cockrell Wm. Cameron W. b. Urazelton J. G. Lowdon.
F.W. JAMES Pres. ED. S. HUGHES V. Pres I). U. KENYON Cash. II. JAMES A. Cash.
The Farmers and Merchants National Bank
Capital $60000.00. - - Surplus $2400.00.
DIRECTORS: Charles Kenyon John R. Iloxie W. F. Floumoy F. W. James Ed. S.
Hughes Henry James P. B. Ken) on.
CANTONggtiI?SlrnPLANTER
most cotoplet Planter made. Constructed entirely of Steel evrt handles
o breakage; will lut (or) turn. Power derivocllur a mb'tnntlal TUMBLING ROD.
DC8T
No chain toucaroutautl gmtiurtRUh. POSITIVE FORCE FEED changed from
Cotton to ( orn In a Itw ruu
OF ALL.
moslpnuucaJl'lanurorittRiuarJcuiunaisFULLYUUAHANiktu. Aticyour
Tho Castoh
riANTim baa
ueaier
it. 1 uil
BREAK UN
ATTACHMENT
adapting It to use In
sections where other
plaulcrs will not
wort.
mm
PJL&XmIN 3c ORXSJtfDariFir CO. X3A i.S TEXAS.
of the demand of the market and the
price is low; we would therefore say go
slowly in planting the crop unless you
are going to be content to use it large-
ly for hog feeding for which it is well
adapted and will save corn. We
would urge that the diversification of
crops in the cotton section should be
largely in the way of making home
supplies corn and meat hay and
feed for ck in the form of cattle
sheep and hogs seems to us from a
careful consideration ol the m.irkeis
and supplies to offer a prospect for
lemunerative returns for some ears
to come and we therefore urge that
provision should be made in the crops
to be raised to meet the needs of this
branch of farming It has too long
: betn neglected in the south Siii h a
diversification will lead to increased
fertility oil the farm and reduced outgo
tor labor and supplies. If the imme-
diate mom . leturn be not so large as
was formerly the case in cotton and
tobacco the saving in outgo and im-
proved cond.tion ol the farms will
more than' compensate for tins. If
there be not "making" there will be
"saving" and this will make the farm-
ers less dependent on the fluctuations
of the markets and the action of spec-
ulators. And now as to the peanut crop;
The peanut requires a rich n.ellow ur
loose sOil free from grass and weeds
and therefore is adapted to be grown
on cotton or tobacco land. Lime is
essential to success in raising the crop.
As much as 1000 to 1800 pounds
per acre has been used with profit.
This should be applied broadcast and
worked into the laud but not plowed
down Farm-yard rianure may be
profitably used for the crop if it be
well rotted. The drills should be from
three feet six inches apart and the
nuts are planted from eighteen inches
to two feet apart in the dull. The
npplicatian of from 200 to 400 pounds
of a complete fertilizer will greatly
assist in securing a profitable return.
Special peanut fertilizers are put up by
several makers in Norfolk and Rich-
mond. The nuts are planted in shal-
low holes made in the drills by a roller
with pegs in it.at the required distance
apart. This planting should not take
place until the grounds has become
wrm say towards the middle ol May.
If exposed to cotd and wet the nuts
are apt to rot. They should be
shelled before planting and one or two
nuts dropped in each hole and be
covered by pressing over them with
the foot. The subsequent cultivation
is required to be thorough to keep the
eme
E. O. PRICE Cash.
utes. It Is tho nenlrst.MnmccM. In-nt flnuliedand
lor ir una lake imoincr it rue us u uuuucs uu& nauuiu
uartlculara In circular wot Irvo to any address.
Wo also manufacture Canton Clipper Flows Volnn-
toer and Victor. Cultivators DI30 Harrows Tri-
o Balky and uong- l'lowa and
rmndio Buggies uarrtctfco.
Carts. Pumps "Wind Hills.
Superior Grain Drills ScIcntiQo
Grlndlnff Mills BAHTi COOPER
WAGONS. Wrltnusforjour want
land clean and loose and should be
continued until the vines are well
grown and the nuts commencing to
form. If the season be dry. an appli-
cation of plaster is very beneficial as
it absords moisturne from the atmost-
phere and keeps the land from baking.
The ends of the vines should be loos-
ened from the ground at each workum
to prevent them rooting the object
beintj to cause the plant to make good
nuts near the Mem of the plant. They
are harvested by being plowed up and
after drying for a day are shocked up
around poles lightly so as to permit
them to dry thoroughly. After drying
the nuts are picked from the vines and
sold to the dealers who clean them for
the market. Of course if hogs are to
be fed on ihtni they will do the har-
vesting for themselves and grow fat in
the process Southern 1'lanter.
Improved Stock.
When certain citizens of Texas be-
gan to talk about improved stoc k they
were met with opposition and the bat-
tle was a long and fierce on-. Those
who were willing to act as pioneers in
the movement did so under many dis-
couragements and serious loss. Tley
bought beards of beautiful Jerseys and
Herei'ords and Holsteins onv to see
them lie down and die with Texas
fever. Tney found the people slow to
take hold of the new enterprise and
the majority of men preferred to feed
twelve $1 . cows each of which gave
one pint of milk every day to feed a
$100 co which gave from three to six
gallons per day. It was a mere ques-
lion of defective arithmetic but at last
the people are getting straightened out.
Here and there over the state one can
see little beards of Jerseys or large
and motherly Holsteins and the mag-
nificent ponderous Herefords making
their way more into the favor of the
cattlemen. TeXins are beginning to
discover that if it pays at all to raise
cattle it pays far better to raise good
ones. The longhorned cattle were es-
pecially adapted to their day when the
country was in a primative condition
and a hardy stock was required but
they are as much out of place now as
the old court house would be. Winn
farmers can raise three gallon cows
they are foolish to waste time and feed
on one quart cows WJien cattlemen
can raise 3000 pound beeves they
would be silly to give their attention to
8co pound steers. Colemaus Rural.
The export fruit trade of Jamaica in-
creased from $250000 in '1880 to
$6000000 in 1890
I jfiPISaaEr )
maHrf
FllFi ?$!'!! AtttMratrtn tl p-rboltlr rcnl In wifely tnMllnlnxr pontrnto pilltty MHnrCTirelr
55. J!Ir Jil "! c?tttlon1 Henri mnnr or flinribr infer with fiiltertrtniiawrlttrn plainly wm
tPP.?'"yVS'etlrfanMfntM thharlvenieenlMit In linnmt awl riralRbt toward In -vrrr wotrt It
?.i .!La.?' W nJl !." "' wh " "1 im Wll find rvrrllillitarrprepllj nilltitaMitfenA
2.Ei.dJly' JMr QUEEN CHKMIOAt CO. 174 Pnco Strrrt CINCINNATI O You
ITrfrr.r0"rl.''.rntny HwtOfBea toltuiire liaiwfe dVllvrrr Wnwill tarnoii for Anjr cM
or ritllurnnr ll):liteit Injury t nnr purcliiiarr. KVnry Itotlln Biinrnntrril.
orxuini. w. wm pre.rnt with a SILT. IIKEHB lr.ri.rd. bant allkXiira Lnrao Boitl and (ample
mi ofdlktoMloqtrromienf wllhorder. Oood Salary or Commlulon lo Aterna.
GO TO
BASS BROS.
BlEWOCEW(C.O.
Wholesale
GROCERS
North Side Corner
Farmers and Ranchmen will find
it to their interest to give us a calL
Inducements offered to the Mer-
chant trade and orders filled at
lowest market figures.
PRODUCE A SPECIALTY.
F. E BOMPABf.
BOMPART & RADFORD.
SuccenorJ to SMITH BOMPART & ZIRBY
lMlD - iWt - SOCK
and Insurance Agents.
Resurvey and Classify Lands. - - Renders Pay Taxes
Land in the Famous Abilene Country.
A gents for the Phoenix and and other stat dard
Insurance Companies.
: .
SPAULDING BRO'S.
Plumbers and Steam Fitters
Full stock of Pipe and Fittings
always on hand.
Southeast of Freight Depot Abilene
mov
CASH!
TO IiO.ST 3"Sf
Currie Stith & Henderson.
ABILENE
COLORADO.
HENRY
-: Anheuser-Busch and W. J. Lemp's ;
KEG AND BOTTLED BEER.
HEW DISCOVERY by ACCIDENT
In mmtmunainif it solution a mr t wm aecldoljr si.llird on tlit lin1
and un Whin d Iim diaoumul ihat tl? n"r ecrn.
piti rem trd e at taw riattiUwiiiilriful prrpurnltrn imihi
insntft ami irrl li fcr-.ii Hi tltmahd Dial ' iinn intri durinr
II Itirmtilitrtil tlio od undr llio iiarao of tliirrii' An "tlMiTuA
IT IS PERFECTLY HARMLESS AND ""
SO SIMPLE ANY CHILD RAM tlcsr-i-r
fjir lb hair over and M'y lliniilalnwfora few mlnntm and ih
hair dlrrr ' ly n;ilnltliouuhllahlrst pain r injury Un
applied of tr afterward. II IstinltkPnnyolhrr prrparMK.n rvrrtiunt
forallkspnrpMp Tlnmnnd of I.AIlll'H who Intra heeii nmtoytd
WlthUlronthtlr IMC I'. M:(K ihm! AltMH ttm In mVrlta.
UKNTMiMKNttnodnnutarprrrislsiilM-antarlmlrontlirlrDrrtr
f ml it prior 1.-M boon In iirrn Aiiit-Ilnlrlncwlilili Jnm wr
1.1. Ut... ... -.. ...... I... i ...... h .u(l. M.. ntl..lnSnj..tl.llllJ
-Druggists
For Dog Poisons.
and Retail
Pine and Second Streets.
S K. KADPOED.
UD..
VT
-fcr'tTu
Texas
Agents far
DRKIN8
WIND
JVULLO
CASH I
10 aPRUS.
PFAPF.
in!
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Wholesale Dealer n
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Hoeny, John, Jr. The Abilene Reporter. (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 11, No. 17, Ed. 1 Friday, April 22, 1892, newspaper, April 22, 1892; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth330757/m1/3/: accessed July 12, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Abilene Public Library.