The Cass County Sun (Linden, Tex.), Vol. 64, No. 11, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 16, 1939 Page: 2 of 8
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THE CASS COUNTY SUN
-Wi
Ecom
Fo
Hews Analysis-
Jmic Crisis in Germany
ces 'Now or Never5 Choice
-By Joseph W. La Bine ■
EDITOR'S NQTB—Wben opinions •"
expressed in these columns, they are those
oi the news analyst. end not necessarily
ot the newspaper.
Germany
In 1939 economic poverty can
throttle the most warKke nation, be-
cause modern conflict needs man-
power far less than gunpowder, air-
planes and battleships. Moreover,
foreign trade has become a vital
weapon of diplomacy. When Adolf
Hitler first reached power he could
import and use the raw materials
of war by capitalizing on his in-
heritance from democratic govern-
ment. Commodities, a huge reserve
of unused capital, equipment and
unemployed labor helped build the
Third Reich's military machine.
Other millions went for costly pub-
lic works to impress the world with
Germany's prowess. Meanwhile
heavy imports cut the Reich's for-
eign exchange to a reported 800,-
000,000 marks by January 1 this
DR. HJALMAR SCHACHT
His job, now or never.
year, while Germany's moral stock
fell on the world market thanks to
Jewish persecution and the Czech
crisis. Barter trade (swapping) was
a desperate and unpopular recourse
to combat the more orthodox type of
agreement like America's recipro-
cal program.
Among typical German signs-of-
the-times:
(1) Twenty-nine per cent of the
national income goes to the state
via taxes; 10 per cent more reach
the Reich's coffers via social insur-
ance and enforced donations. Of the
basic 29 p§r cent, 25 goes for re-
armament.
(2) Total tax revenue for this
fiscal year (excluding Austria and
Sudetenland) will be $8,880,000,000;
miscellaneous income, $80,000,000;
income via long and short term bor-
rowing, $4,800,000,000; the rough to-
tal income, $14,000,000,000. Today's
public debt stands at between 21
and 24 billions, far larger in pro-
portion than the bemoaned U. S.
public debt.
(3) Minus cash, the Reich has paid
armament makers $400,000,000 in I.
O. U.'s since November 1. Bearing
no interest, half of them have gone
back to banks as collateral for loans.
Result: A completely artificial
credit structure which could collapse
overnight.
Chief worrier about this impossi-
ble situation has been Dr. Rudolf
Brinkman, successor as Reichsbank
president to Dr. Hjalmar Schacht.
On the job a few weeks, Dr. Brink-
man worried himself into a nervous
breakdown. Meanwhile develop-
ments reveal that Dr. Schacht was
not kicked out of the Reichsbank
into disfavor, but to tackle the job
Adolf Hitler had in mind when he
told the Reichstag January 30 that
Germany "must export or die." A
financial wizard who has more
friends abroad than any other in-
fluential Nazi, Dr. Schacht is now in
charge of a campaign to revive for-
eign trade by (1) seeking new mar-
kets to provide additional foreign
exchange, and (2) thawing out froz-
en debits and credits created under
the Nazi system.
The significance of this situation
Headliners
MARSHAL HENRI PETAIN
The "hero of Verdun" emerges
from retirement to serve France
.7} in another crisis.
Now 82, Marshal
Henri Petain has
been named am-
bassador to new-
ly reorganized In-
surgent Spain in
an obvious ges-
ture to win Gen.
Francisco Fran-
| co's friendship by
emotional appeal.
Many years ago,
as instructor in
war college, Mar-
instructed Spain's
new iron man, himself a famous
Twentieth century militarist.
Later, in 1925-26, Marshal Petain
joined forties with Franco in lead-
ing the expedition that defeated
Abd El Krjm, Riff leader in Mo-
rocco. Peiain also went to Ma-
drid and negotiated an agreement
with the governor of Premier
Prima de Rivera.
M. Petain
the French
shal Petain
T
-r-r-TT—
is that France and Britain, now
weaker than Germany in military
might, will eventually be stronger
by virtue of superior financial re-
serves. Without batting an eyelash,
London is spending more than
$3,000,000,000 for defense next year
and can continue at this pace for
several years to come. Germany
must get foreign exchange immedi-
ately or stop rearming, and Britain
is now waging an aggressive and
successful campaign to block the
Reich's trade expansion plans.
One very important reason why
observers predict a European show-
down this spring is that the Reich
must strike now—while her might is
still supreme—or suffer eventual
diplomatic defeat. Moreover this
economic supremacy of world de-
mocraciesjvill have the same effect
on dictatorial Italy and Japan.
Congress
Most Americans do not realize
that the bulk of New Deal reform
measures have been adopted in one
form or another. But practically
everyone realizes the cost of re-
form has been tremendous, that the
public debt now stands at $40,000,-
000,000, that the treasury has a cur-
rent deficit of $2,200,000,000. With re-
form achieved, President Roosevelt
is willing to join conservatives in
two mutually desired ambitions, bal-
ancing the budget and helping busi-
ness get back on its feet.
Chief arguments concern the
method. New Dealers, whose pro-
gram is voiced by Secretary of Com-
merce Harry Hopkins, would re-
move oppressive taxes and hope
that the resultant boom would swell
federal coffers, balancing the budg-
et without eliminating "necessary"
activities. Most businessmen and
many congressmen would take an
additional step—economy.
Total 1939-40 budget estimates are
$8,995,000,000, creating a new $3,326,-
000,000 deficit and zooming the pub-
lic debt smack against its legal
debt limit of $45,000,000,000—unless
congress raises the limit. Far from
willing to raise it, or even to ap-
prove the new budget, congressional
Republicans have found strong sup-
port in rebellious Democrats. Their
spokesman is Mississippi's Sen. Pat
Harrison, who came out for a flat
10 per cent budget cut and a warn-
ing: "The country's credit is good
and I don't think we have reached
the debt danger point, but the stop-
look-and-listen sign is up ... A lot
of this emergency stuff could be cut,
and I'm in favor of cutting."
Senator Harrison has already
found support in two studies:
Brookings. Surveying the new gov-
ernmental reorganization bill (to
consolidate and abolish executive
SENATOR HARRISON
Time to stop-look-and-listcn?
agencies for the sake of economy
and efficiency), Washington's thor-
ough-searching Brookings institution
claimed it was ill-conceived, that no
economies would result. Of 132
agencies listed for reorganization,
only 54 require legislative authority,
and no legislation is necessary un-
less congress wants to "give the
President authority to make laws
by executive order." Suggestions:
(1) Prune all present activities "rig-
orously;" (2) develop a "more con-
sistent" program.
National Economy League. Rea-
son for this survey was that "before
lasting recovery and increased em-
ployment can be a reality ... all
doubts about national credit must be
removed. The plan: Reduce next
year's deficit from $3,000,000,000 to
$500,000,000. Comparative budgets
(000,000 omitted):
President's League 8av-
Expenditure Budget Budget Ing
Relief $2,040 $1,400 $640
f'ublic works ... 1,131 700 431
ocial security . 928 928 ....
AAA 694 500 194
Defense 1,320 1,320
Interest 1.050 1,025 25
Veterans 539 539 ....
All other 1,293 875 418
Total $8,995 $7,287 $1,708
Receipts 5.669 *6,142
Net deficit ... 3.32G 1,145
•Assumes business improvement from
pared budget.
So potent are economy's new
friends that the administration may
well find its cautious business-woo-
ing program a boomerang. Wading
half way across the pond of concilia-
tion when opinion favored a com-
plete passage, Mr. Roosevelt has
been left behind and confronted with
charges of insincerity because Har-
ry Hopkins—the man who started
his program—would need business'
support to win the 1940 nomination.
India
Vast India Is at once Great Brit-
ain's most precious and troublesome
colony, partly because Indians lack
the ability to rule themselves, part-
ly because a few native leaders re-
alize Britain gets much more from
the provinces than she returns. Mo-
handas K. Gandhi has been the lead-
ing native agitator, winning a shal-
low victory when the home rule con-
stitution established 000 native sov-
ereigns who have absolute power
over their subjects but must bow to
the 11 provincial governors. Work-
ing hopefully, Gandhi's party con-
gress now holds a meaningless ma-
jority in eight provinces.
Fasting is Leader Gandhi's favor-
ite means of forcing reforms. Since
September of 1932 he has tried it
six times, most recently in the na-
tive state of Rajkot. Reason: The
29-year-old Thakore of Rajkot prom-
ised last December to grant new
powers to his subjects, but had not
MOHANDAS K. GANDHI
Food /or thought in a fast.
fulfilled the promise. After four
days of fasting the aged Gandhi
was weakening fast and the Indian
viceroy expected to intervene.
But the fast held food for thought
in Britain, already busy with enough
troubles. For the first time Gand-
hi's party had enough strength to
precipitate major trouble through-
out the state, had the marquess
failed to intervene. Even if the cur-
rent outbreak of nationalism is set-
tled, Gandhi's followers will obvi-
ously gain strength.
Religion
As Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, Pope
Pius XII was Vatican secretary of
state and an important mediator in
many a European squabble. His-
two most notable achievements
were (1) leadership in the World
war settlement attempt of Pope
Benedict XV and (2) consummation
of the concordat that brought peace
between the Vatican and Italy. His
most difficult job was negotiating a
treaty with Protestant Russia in
1929, a feat that won him the red
cap of cardinal when Pietro Gas-
parri retired in 1929.
When Pope Pius XI died last Feb-
ruary 9, Secretary of State Pacelli
immediately became camerlengo,
interim chief of the Roman Catholic
church until the college of cardinals
could name a successor. Interna-
tionally better known than any other
potential candidate, Cardinal Pacel-
li's name was immediately bandied
about as the most likely successor.
This, despite his confessed longing
to lead the contemplative life of a
monk, despite rumors that his se-
lection would be none too welcome
by totalitarian Germany and Italy.
If Cardinal Pacelli had never ad-
mitted anti-dictator sentiments,
Italian Foreign Minister Count Ci-
ano's newspaper, II Telegrafo, lost
no time pointing out that a Pacelli
appointment would be unwelcome
in Rome. In Germany another
newspaper, Das Schwarze Korps,
chimed in. At the Vatican, German
Ambassador Carl-Ludwig Diego von
Bergen told the college that his na-
tion was "assisting at the elabora-
tion of a new world," and that "the
papacy without doubt has an essen-
tial role."
Though conceivably unrelated to
these events, Cardinal Pacelli's ele-
vation to the papacy might be in
direct retaliation against two gov-
ernments which saw fit to interfere
with church affairs. A further pos-
sibility is that the Rome-Berlin axis
erred diplomatically to such an ex-
tent that the college of cardinals
felt obliged to appoint an experi-
enced statesman who could deal
with Herr Hitler and Signor Musso-
lini.
Spain
The spectre of two simultaneous
Spanish civil wars is unique, but
not unexpected. Since Barcelona
fell and President Manuel Azana re-
signed upon breaking with Premier
Juan Negrin, Loyalists have been
threatened by internal dissention.
On the defensive more than ever
before, conservatives sought desper-
ately to regain the Anglo-French fa-
vor that was shifting to victorious
General Franco and his Insurgents,
meanwhile making sincere gestures
to end the war. Premier Negrin
and the Communist element, fear-
ing the consequences of surrender,
promised a futile "fight to the
death" which would serve no pur-
pose since a Franco victory was in-
evitable. In the long-awaited ex-
plosion conservative Loyalists seized
the government, drove Negrin from
power and paved the way for peace.
Bruckart's Washington Digest
Congress Takes Bit in Teeth to
Restore National Confidence
Vast Resources of Nation to Be Made Available Again for
All People; Old-Line Democrats Responsible for Sudden
Determination to Assume Congressional Leadership.
WASHINGTON. — The dictionary
defines the word, "confidence," as
meaning: "trust in, or reliance
upon, another; a belief in a person
or a thing." The dictionary might
well have added that confidence is
something quite intangible but yet
it is a condition of national or state
thought about its governmental poli-
cies as well as a condition of indi-
vidual thought. It might have add-
ed, further, that confidence can be
destroyed more easily than it can be
maintained, or recreated when it
once has been destroyed.
In any event, the thing about
which we have heard most in Wash-
ington lately is the necessity for es-
tablishing a feeling of confidence
throughout the country. The neces-
sity exists, it is explained freely,
because the depression continues
and millions of persons, who would
like to work, are not working. In
some places, where political face-
saving is important, the movement
is called "business appeasement,"
but that is a difference between
tweedle-dee and tweedle-dum. It re-
mains as an effort to recreate na-
tional confidence so that all of the
vast resources of the nation can be
made available again for all of the
people.
All of this is only a prelude to the
declaration that:
Congress has taken the bit in its
teeth with a determination that in-
dicates rather a unified effort to re-
store the country's confidence. It
apparently is going to guide the pol-
icies and work out solutions for the
various problems that are viewed as
destructive of a feeling of assurance
among the bulk of the people. In
other words, congress seems to have
assumed a leadership in national
life that it has not had in recent
years, and is moving sincerely to
bring back prosperity.
President Hoover'a Plana
Wrecked by Stock Market
The course of events that has led
up to the latest development (a de-
velopment that has both political
and economic significance) has been
rather a wandering trail. It had its
headwaters back in 1930 and 1931,
when Herbert Hoover, then Presi-
dent, sought to stem the tide of
jrushing waters of depression by in-
viting dozens of business leaders to
Washington for consultation. He
was seeking to restore confidence, to
encourage the country to feel safe.
Those were days, it will be recalled
when "prosperity was just around
the corner." Mr. Hoover wanted to
bring it out where it could be of
some use.
Well, Mr. Hoover failed because
the stock market crash had so de-
stroyed the confidence of the country
in him and in his policies of govern-
ment that there was no possibility
of recreating it. The folks simply
would not believe in him, nor in any
of his works at that time.
Along came the elections of 1932
and Mr. Roosevelt took over the
job in 1933. Those days need not be
reviewed, except to point out that
no man ever had the complete con-
fidence of a people as the new Presi-
dent held it. Congress did as it was
told, thereafter. Of course, there
were ups and downs but the scene
was dominated by the personality of
Mr. Roosevelt, a condition that con-
tinued through about six years.
That brings us to the mistakes in
politics which Mr. Roosevelt made
in 1938—reorganization of the gov-
ernment, proposed expanding of the
Supreme court by appointment of
six justices of his own choosing,
charges that business leaders were
attempting to submarine the New
Deal policies and destroy the Roose-
velt administration. This was the
beginning. In quick succession,
there came important gains for the
Republicans in the 1938 elections,
fear among many old line Demo-
crats that their seats in congress
were being jeopardized by mistakes
of various New Deal agencies and
laws, and in general a doubt that
their party should be allowed to re-
main under New Deal leadership.
Old-Line Democrats Decide
To Assume Leadership
And I believe it is the latter con-
dition of belief among the old line
Democrats that is chiefly responsi-
ble for the sudden blossoming of
congressional determination to take
leadership. Some observers hold the
conviction that many members of
the house and senate feel they should
protect their own hides and that,
to accomplish this, they must as-
sume national leadership instead of
leaving the policies to be theorized
and blue-printed by such as Jerome
Frank, Thurmond Arnold, Tommy
Corcoran, Secretary Ickes, and oth-
ers of that type. That is only say-
ing numerous house and senate
members believe the country has
lost confidence in that sort of leader-
ship.
Only recently, it may be recalled,
Mr. Roosevelt voiced an assurance
that business would have no new
taxes to burden it. He spoke confi-
dently about the future. Others, re-
flecting the President's position, in-
cluding Secretary Hopkins and Sec-
retary Ickes spoke pieces of an as-
suring nature. This is the same Mr.
Hopkins who used to be head of the
relief spending.
What happened? The stock mar-
ket that ruined Mr. Hoover's ad-
ministration showed its confidence
in the new statements of 1939 with
only a little less feeling than it did
in the years when prosperity was
just around the corner. The market
dipped down only a few days, but if
the stock market can be regarded
as an answer for any question, the
stock market must have said,
"pfooey."
Anyway, there arose immediately
the new and very potent movement
in congress for a program of "busi-
ness appeasement." One of the first
things to happen was a declaration
by Senator Harrison, Mississippi
Democrat and one of the really pow-
erful men in the senate, for a cessa-
tion of spending. Or, specifically,
Senator Harrison demanded a cur-
tailment of spending, a start toward
a balancing of the national budget,
in the belief that the whole country
is fearful of the gigantic national
debt.
Shows Days of Rubber
Stamp Congress Are Gone
The foreign policies of the admin-
istration were dragged out onto the
floor of the senate for examination
under a magnifying glass. Of course,
the senate did not force any real
change in the international relations
which Mr. Roosevelt has estab-
lished. From long observation in
Washington, I doubt that the sen-
ate's criticism of these policies was
any too sound, but it had to engage
in debate on the subject to let the
country know it was watching every-
thing that was being done. It ob-
viously had the effect of demonstrat-
ing to the country that the days of
the rubber stamp congress are gone,
and it constitutes another bit of evi-
dence of the new Washington leader-
ship.
The real demonstration of congres-
sional vitality, however, came the
other day when Senator Harrison,
as chairman of the senate finance
committee, and Representative
Doughton of North Carolina, as
chairman of the house committee on
ways and means, joined in a letter
to Secretary Morgenthau, request-
ing a treasury statement on a tax
program. The two congressional
leaders urged a new and sound tax
program and an administration re-
assurance against further heckling
of business to the end that business
would try to go ahead. What they
were asking, therefore, were some
signs which could give business,
great or small, a feeling of confi-
dence that the government at Wash-
ington would quit pulling hair.
It was a natural request of the
treasury. The treasury always has
provided the fundamentals of every
tax program. Capitol Hill had read
Mr. Roosevelt's pronouncement con-
cerning "no new taxes" as mean-
ing there would be no changes in
the tax structure, however, and
there were a good many legislators
who felt revision of some, and aboli-
tion of other, taxes were advisable.
Congress Will Go Slow on
Increasing National Debt
There are numerous signs that
congress is not going to be in any
hurry at all to pass a law that will
allow an increase in the total na-
tional debt. Present law provides
that the treasury may issue notes
and bonds up to $45,000,000,000. The
current total is not so far below that
figure, and Secretary Morgenthau
has asked congress to boost the limit
to $50,000,000,000. Congress appar-
ently is not so sure that there should
be an increase in the debt limit. It
is a type of confidence—rather, a
lack of confidence—that is plainly
visible. I believe the debt total will
have to be increased because there
is no provision made for enough
taxes to offset the vast spending pro-
gram for relief and national defense
upon which Mr. Roosevelt has
launched. There is no place to get
that money, therefore, except by
borrowing. So about the only good
that can come from congressional
barking on this score is to awaken
the country as to the dangers of its
great national debt.
From all of these things, one is
pretty likely to get the hebeejeebees.
One can hardly help wondering
where we are headed. But it seems
to me that there probably is need
for a confidence that thus far has
not been mentioned in this discus-
sion. This is a confidence in funda-
mental Americanism. The voters of
the country can compel sound gov-
ernment on the part of those who
make the policies and, on the sur-
face. it appears now that the voters
are telling congress what to do.
© Western Newspaper Union.
Rabid Dogs Do Not Avoid Water
Dogs with rabies do not avoid wa-
ter, although this erroneous opinion
is common among the laity. Mad
dogs are often very fond of water
and will rush into it, thrusting their
heads and swallowing with great
difficulty. Rabid dogs have been
known to swim streams in their
rovings.
DO THIS
TO RELIEVE PAIN AND
DISCOMFORT OF A COLD
Follow Simple Method Below
Takes only a Few Minutes When
Bayer Aspirin is Used
1. To am pain and
discomfort and raduca
(avar taka 2 Bayar
Tablatt—drink a
glits of watar.
Repeat In 2
hours.
2. If throat Is raw from
cold, crush and dls-
solve 3 Bayer Tab-
lets In i/3 glass of
watar... gargle. _ ,
Starts to Ease Pain and Discomfort
and Sore Throat Accompanying
Colds Almost Instantly
The simple way pictured above
often brings amazingly fast relief
from discomfort and sore throat
accompanying colds.
Try it. Then — see your doctor.
He probably will tell you to con-
tinue with the Bayer Aspirin be-
cause it acts so fast to relieve dis-
comforts of a cold. And to reduce
fever.
This simple way, backed by
scientific authority, has largely
supplanted the use of strong medi-
cines in easing cold symptoms.
Perhaps the easiest, most effective
way yet discovered. But make sure
you get genuine
BAYER Aspirin.
15 FOR 12 TABLETS
2 FULL DOZEN 25c
Seasoned Retirement
A foundation of good sense, and
a cultivation of learning, are re-
quired to give a seasoning to re-
tirement, and make us taste the
blessing.—Dryden.
ACHING
COLDS
Relieve Their DISTRESS
This Easy, Quick Way!
To bring speedy relief from the discom-
fort of chest colds, muscular rheumatic
aches and pains due to colds—you need
more than "just a salve"—use a stimu-
lating "counter-irritant" like good old
warming, soothing Musterole. It pene-
trates the surface skin breaking up local
congestion and pain resulting from colds.
Even better than a mustard plaster—
Musterole has been used by millions for
over 30 years. Recommended by many
doctors and nurses. In three strengths:
Regular, Children's (mild) and Extra
Strong, 40<. Approved by Good House-
keeping Bureau. All druggists.
Up to Vou!
Accuse not nature, she hath
done her part; do thou but thine!
—Bacon.
Pull the Trigger on
Lazy Bowels, and Also
Pepsin-ize Stomach!
When constipation brings on acid indi-
gestion, bloating, dizzy spells, gas, coated
tongue, sour taste, and bad breath, your
stomach is probably loaded up with cer-
tain undigested food and your bowels
don't move. So you need both Pepsin to
break-up fast that undigested food in your
stomach, and Laxative Senna to pull the
trigger on those lazy bowels. So be sure
your laxative contains Pepsin. That means
Dr. Caldwell's famous medicine, because
its Pepsin helps you gain that wonderful
stomach-relief, while the Laxative Senna
moves your bowels. Tests prove how
quickly each dose of Syrup Pepsin fortifies
your stomach with power to dissolve those
undigested proteins which may linger in
your stomach, to cause gas, belching, gas-
tric acidity, nausea and headache. At the
same time it wakes-up lazy nerves and
muscles in your bowels to relieve your
constipation. See how much better you
feel by taking the laxative that also puts
Pepsin to work relieving that stomach
discomfort, too. Guaranteed to contain no
Cathartic Salts, docs not cause distress.
Even finicky children love to taste this
family laxative. So buy Dr. Caldwell's Sy-
rup Pepsin combined with Laxative Senna
Compound on money back offer today.
Destitute
He who has lost confidence can,
lose nothing more.—Boiste.
MUSCLES FELT
STIFF
AND SORE
Got Blessed vv*j
RELIEF^
From Pain
If muscles in legs,
arms, chest, back
or shoulders feel stiff and sore, get I Iamlin3
Wizard Oil Liniment and get blessed relief.
Rub it on thoroughly. Warms—soothes—
gives wonderful comfort. Will not stain.
At all druggists. Money-back guarantee.
HAMLINS '
WIZARD OIL
LINIMENT
For MUSCULAR ACHES and PAINS
RHEUMATIC PAIN —LUMBAGO
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Banger, J. E. A. & Erwin, W. L. The Cass County Sun (Linden, Tex.), Vol. 64, No. 11, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 16, 1939, newspaper, March 16, 1939; Linden, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth340756/m1/2/?q=%22~1%22~1: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Atlanta Public Library.