Palacios Beacon (Palacios, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 26, 1939 Page: 2 of 8
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PALACIOS BEACON,
Weekly News Analysis
Sharp Foreign Policy Shifts
Follow Rome Parley Collapse
Ily Joseph W. La Kine—
Religion
In prosperous years church mem-
bership and attendance remains
| oven or shows a very slight in-
; crease. During depressions mem-
bership and attendance will rise
through a return to religion. Fore-
KDITOK'S NOTE— When opinions
are expressed in these columns, they
are those of the news analyst, and not
necessarily of the newspaper.
International
Why, they did not know, but from
every nook and cranny of the world
came statesmen bound for Geneva
where under leaden skies opened
the 104th session of the League of
Nations. Spokesmen admitted the
League was forgotten in a new era
of "power politics" in which four
nations (Britain, France, Italy and
Germany) appeared destined to
guide the world to war or peace.
Geneva's convocation would have
been dolorous anyway, but on its
eve two great statesmen met in
Rome and found they could not
agree. Overnight, with lightning
speed, the forces of democracy vs.
dictatorship shifted to more posi-
tive, more threatening positions.
When British Prime Minister Ne-
ville Chamberlain went to Rome for
consultation with Premier Benito
Mussolini, he knew his political fu-
ture hung in the balance. For 18
months he had subscribed to the
unpopular course of appeasing dic-
tators. Munich's "peace" treaty had
been followed by Italian territorial
demands against Britain's ally,
France. Invocation of the Anglo-
Italian friendship pact had been fol-
lowed by an even more aggressive
Italian participation in the Spanish
war. Obviously appeasement was
a failure.
When, aftpr two days of conver-
sations, Mr. Chamberlain left for
home without an announcement, the
■world knew what had happened. Ap-
peasement as a peace weapon was
abandoned. Britain had straightened
up, deciding to lead with her chin
instead of the palm of her hand.
This news had hardly been flashed
before news of resultant develop-
ments began flashing back from key
■world capitals:
BUDAPEST
Almost unnoticed the day Mr.
Chamberlain arrived in Rome was
the announcement that Hungary had
recognized Japan's puppet state of
Manchukuo. The past few years
have seen Hungary vainly attempt-
ing to straddle the fence, keeping
peace with Germany and Italy,
meanwhile maintaining cordial re-
lations with Britain. But Count Ste-
phen Csaky. foreign minister, has
■ qw developments
in eye to changing his position,
week before the Rome-London
onversations, Poland — Hungary's
unofficial ally in eastern Europe—
had abandoned her independent po-
sition and tightened her bonds with
Germany. Count Csaky realized this
left Hungary uncomfortably isolat-
ed. When news from Rome herald-
ed a sharpened definition of policy
between democracies and dictators.
Count Csaky decided to cast his lot
with dictatorships. Thus Hungary
joined the Italian-German-Japanese
pact against communism and made
plans to leave the League of Na-
tions. A safe prediction is that Po-
land will follow suit.
To strengthen the Rome-Berlin
axis even more, Italian Count Gale-
azzo Ciano, Mussolini's foreign min-
ister, is making a tour of the Bal-
kans v/ith special emphasis on Jugo-
HUNGARY'S CSAKY
He chose to follow dictators.
slavia, Hungary and Poland. At the
same time German Foreign Min-
ister Joachim von Ribbentrop left
for Warsaw to talk with Polish For-
eign Minister Joseph Beck.
BARCELONA
French sympathies in the Spanish
civil war lie with Loyalists; Italy's
sympathies—and support—lie with
Rebels. This animosity has wid-
ened the Rome-Paris breach over
Italian territorial demands in Tuni-
sia, Corsica, Djibouti and other
French points. Just before Mr.
Chamberlain left for Rome, Rebels
began a well-timed offensive in
northeastern Catalonia, aimed to
show the prime minister that Loyal-
ist Spain was weakening and should
be sold down the river by democra-
cies. But when Chamberlain re-
fused to concede the point, Musso-
lini's controlled press announced it
would be "absolutely useless to
speak of arbitration and mediation"
in settling Europe's problems until
the Insurgents won the Spanish war.
As if to hasten this outfcome, the
"Chamberlain offensive" swept into
Catalonia and drew near Barcelona.
Obviously Mussolini wants to wind
up the war, release his troops from
Spain and consolidate his position
in the Mediterranean in prepara-
tion for renewed demands against
France. Meanwhile, in Paris Pre-
mier Edouard Daladier's Radical
Socialist party demanded govern-
VISCOUNT HALIFAX
England will come to the rescue.
ment intervention to prevent a
Rebel victory in Spain, arguing that
such an outcome would threaten
France's Mediterranean communis
cations.
PARIS
There no longer remains doubt
that the French-Italian argument
will supply Europe with its next cri-
sis. Prior to the Chamberlain-Mus-
solini conversations it looked like
France might have to face this dic-
tator threat alone, thanks to Brit-
ain's hesitancy over insulting Ger-
many and Italy. But immediately
after the conference British Foreign
Secretary Viscount Halifax left for
Geneva where he met French For-
eign Minister Georges Bonnet. It
was authoritatively learned that
Halifax assured Bonnet that Eng-
land will go to France's aid if she is
attacked by any other country, in-
cluding Italy.
Halifax and Bonnet obviously held
their meeting in Geneva—just as the
League sessions opened—to bolster
League prestige and give some sem-
blance of international support to
the Anglo-French position.
TOKYO
When London heard that Chamber-
lain had abandoned his appease-
ment policy, the foreign office im-
mediately emboldened itself like a
youngster with a new slingshot.
Looking around for places to drain
off a long pent-up wrath, it turned
attention first to Japan. Tokyo's
conquest of China has been tolerat-
ed by Britain simply because a stern
position would incur the anger of
Japan's anti-communist friends, It-
aly and Germany.
For some time there have been
hints of U. S.-British "parallel ac-
tion" against Japan for violation of
the 1922 nine-power pact which
guaranteed China's "open door."
But this parallel action has hereto-
fore been one-sided, as witness the
huge U. S. credit grant to China
compared with Britain's tiny credit
allowance. But Washington's strong I
protest note to Tokyo last Decern-1
ber 31 was velvet smooth compared
with the protest British Ambassador
Sir Robert L. Craigie was called
upon to hand Japan after the Rome
conversations. Excerpts:
"His majesty's government is at
a loss to understand how (former
Japanese premier) Prince Konoe's
assurance that Japan seeks no ter-
ritory and respects the sovereignty
of China can be reconciled with the
declared intention of the Japanese
government to compel the Chinese
people ... to accept conditions in-
volving surrender of their political,
economic and cultural life to Japa-
nese control. . . . For their part,
his majesty's government desires
to make it clear that they are not
prepared to accept or to recognize
changes of the nature indicated
which are brought about by force."
SIGNIFICANCE
Behind the Mussolini-Chamberlain
impasse which precipitated these
events was the unseen hand of U. S.
disgust over London's vaccilating
foreign policy. But just as impor-
tant was London's assurance that
the U. S. planned to build up its
armed forces under President
Roosevelt's two-year, $552,000,000
emergency defense program. Re-
gardless of the cause, regardless of
the resultant consolidation moves by
totalitarian states, both France and
Britain are inclined to believe they
have seen the last of democratic
concessions to dictators. The great-
est fear is that this new and sensi-
ble policy has been adopted too late,
that Germany and Italy have at-
tained an undlsputable upper hand
in the few short months since Mu-
nich.
most among U. S. religious statisti-
I cians is Rev. Dr. Herman C. Weber,
1 whose report for 1937 has just been
' released.
Salient facts and figures: Total
membership early in 1938 was 64,-
156,895, church members having in-
creased 960,000 in 1937 (twice as
fast as the population). Churches
increased by 1,743. A trend to
' church unity was evident, since 97.3
of the total U. S. church population
belongs to the 50 larger bodies
About 160 smaller bodies account
for the remaining 2.7 per cent.
Communication
An important weapon in the
spread of Nazi economic-political in-
fluence is propaganda. So impor-
tant has this weapon become that
I at December's Pan-American con-
j ference in Lima, Peru, delegates
1 adopted a resolution condemning it.
, But for five years the government-'
subsidized Transocean News Serv-
! ice has operated via wireless from
Berlin to Latin America, providing
slyly propagandized world news
coverage to newspapers at small
cost. Its purpose: To win Latin
American markets for the Reich,
meanwhile spreading political doc-
trines. In answer to Pan-American
conference resolutions, Transocean
News Service is now being modern-
ized and speeded to South America.
Just opened is a new transmitter at
Buenos Aires, while another is be-
ing built at Lima.
Congress
President Roosevelt won little ap-
plause January 4 when his State of
the Union speech referred to the un-
popular governmental reorganiza-
tion bill. Congress thought it best
to leave well enough alone, but since
the session got under way two re-
organization schemes, one of them
far more important than the ad-
ministration's proposals, have been
broached:
Relief. Reluctantly the average
| U. S. citizen admits unemployment
1 and old age assistance have be-
come permanent problems. Creat-
| ed by the New Deal, pioneering
agencies to cope with these needs
have worked too independently,
often wastefully. Social security,
WPA, PWA, CCC and NYA all have
a common denominator, but not un-
til this year has anyone bothered to
suggest it. Headed by South Caro-
lina's Sen. James F. Byrnes, a spe-
SENATOR BYRNES
He found a common denominator.
cial senate committee on unemploy-
ment and relief has now proposed
creation of a new department of
public works to handle all such du-
ties except social security. The
three basic recommendations:
(1) Co-ordination of state unem-
ployment compensation systems un-
der federal law, with U. S. financial
assistance, providing 13-week pay-
ments ranging from $5 to $15, de-
pending on salary over the 26 weeks
before an unemployed person lost
his job; (2) increased federal par-
ticipation in state-federal old age
assistance, to provide minimum of
$15 a month compensation; (3) an
anticipated, annual U. S. public
works appropriation.
Should the proposal be adopted,
relief and security would still hold
plenty of headaches for congress.
Left to be ironed out was President
Roosevelt's proposal of "social se-
curity for all," under which old age
and unemployment insurance pro-
tection would be given every U. S.
worker as soon as possible. Other
points in the administration's social
security program: (1) increased
protection to aged and dependent
children; (2) establishment of merit
system for state social security per-
sonnel; (3) advancing social securi-
ty's pension starting date from 1942
to 1940.
Defense. Far less noteworthy than
the Byrnes report but significant of
the reorganization trend is the thus-
far anonymous proposal to pool
army and navy under a single cabi-
net officer. Itij aim: To co-ordinate
defense. Though similar measures
have reached clongress before, most
of them failed because of tradition-
al, leather-necked rivalry between
the two branches , of defense. This
session's bill has a better chance be-
cause the proposed special rearma-
ment progrnm weds a single guid-
ing hand, not several.
LACIOS, TEXAS
America's Shrine of History
gV_-£j|
wir'
Founded by act of congress
in 1800, the library of con-
gress at Washington is today
the largest of its size in the
world. Its nucleus was Thomas
Jefferson''s collection, and
such treasures as the original
constitution of the United
States and the original articles
of confederation, shoivn above
being examined by Dr. St.
George L. Sioussat. Since the
library is growing constantly,
ait $8,000,000 annex teas re-
cently added.
Pictures
Paradej
Thousands of books will
go over the above counter
each year to serve the re-
searches of scholars from all
parts of the world, who find
reading rooms of the new
annex an excellent place for
study.
Modernity strikes the
staid library of congress.
Above: "Speed capsules,"
a new gadget for shooting
books through a 700-foot
tunnel in 23 seconds. Their
arrival at the destination is
cushioned by a bank of air
which prevents damage to
the books.
,v' v ' /
Many of the library's
books are rare items,
like the above Eliot In-
| dian Bible of 1663, the
first Bible printed in
America. It is in the
Algonquin language and
is bound in Morocco.
f At left, Mr. Valla Parma
| of the library examines
a collection of rare
| books in the library's
| incunabula. Mr. Parma
I is holding a volume of
| canon law printed in
I Venice.
FLOWER SHOW
TICKET SALE
PASSES 10,000
Quickly Mei
Square I "
prize
Interest Is State-wide; Tickets
Available Throughout Texas;
State Department to Help
Houston, Texas.—Between 10,000
and 15,000 advance tickets to the
National Flower and Garden Show,
Feb. 12-19 in Houston, were sold
during: the first week and a half of
the sale, according to Hugh Potter,
Houston chairman of the advisory
committee in charge of the sale. Of
the tickets sold, from 2000 to 3000
were sold out of Houston, in towns
extending from Texas City to as far
as Alice, Kilgore and Corpus
Christi.
Announcement was also made
that the department of agriculture
at Austin has officially placed its
entire resources in the hands of
show officials in order to facilitate
final arrangements for the Febru-
ary show.
The following statement was is-
sued by the department of agricul-
ture to all branches of the depart-
ment, according to a letter received
by Mr. Potter from Virgil McPhail,
chief of the floral inspection
service:
"The Texas Department of Agri-
culture wishes to announce that
complimentary tags of all states
will be honored by the Texas State
Department on all material, plants,
bulbs, cut flowers or any other
floral material for exhibit. A spe-
cial representative of the depart-
ment will be on hand at all times to
offer assistance necessary and ex-
hibitors will experience no diffi-
culty in delivering their displays.
"Exhibitors within the white
fringed beetle zone will abide by
the federal restrictions regarding
same."
In addition to the Rice Hotel
offices, Houston, ticket outlets have
been established in all 53 field of-
fices of the United Gas Corpora-
tion, in almost every florist shop
throughout the state, especially the
Houston area, in Garden Clubs,
Houston department stores, and
many miscellaneous outlets. These
advance tickets sell for 45 cents for
the duration of the sale, or until the
70,000 block allotted to the advance
sale has been sold. After the sale is
over, the same ticket will sell for 75
cents.
The advance tickets admit pur-
chasers to all features of the
Flower Show. This will include
general exhibits, style show, and
everything else which is to be open
to the public.
Pattern 1849
mmmm
1|jI I.
Discovers Japanese Are
Fooled on Soldier Ashes
NEW YORK.—More than 100,000
homes in Japan now harbor shrines
to unknown soldiers which their
owners mistakenly believe to con-
tain the ashes of the son of the fam-
ily, according to W. B. Courtney,
associate editor of Collier's, who re-
cently returned from covering the
war in Asia.
"In humble homes all over Japan
are enshrined small white boxes
presumably containing the ashes of
a soldier son killed in action in
China," Courtney says. "But the
fact is, although Japanese officials
will deny it, that these boxes are
likely to contain the ashes of a Chi-
nese soldier, a Mongolian pony or
even a Missouri mule; or perhaps
just a spadeful of dirt.
"It may be that when Japanese
soldiers die in hospitals their ashes
actually are returned to their fam-
ilies. But when they are killed at
the front their bodies, together with
the bodies of Chinese and, under
stress of rapid' campaigning, even
dead draft animals, are burned to-
gether in a great pyre. Then a suffi-
cient quantity of the blended re-
mains are shoveled Into the little
white boxes for shipment to Japan."
A great ceremony is made of the
delivery of the little cedar boxes,
each covered with white silk, Court-
ney says, but adds that occasional-
ly skepticism is beginning to be ex-
pressed in private concerning the
actual contents of the boxes.
The new unnex, which will care for the library's expansion
requirements for some time, is architecturally as typical of its
time as was the original or main building, which was built in
1897. It boasts murals by Erxa A. Winter.
Florida Farmers Plant
12 Million Pine Trees
TALLAHASSEE, FLA. — In the
last eight years Florida farmers
have planted 12,000,000 pine trees on
their lands, the state forest and
park service estimates.
' In addition, forest companies and
other agencies have planted another
6,000,000 trees.
Farmers and turpentine gum op-
erators planted their trees at the
rate of 1,500,000 a year, or an esti-
mated 24,000 acres, while pulp mills,
mining companies and forest and
land operators set out another 750,-
000 annually on 12,000 acres.
An estimated 7,000,000 slash pine
seedlings now are ready for sale to
farmers and other land owners for
planting between Dec. 1 and Jan.
15. They are sold at $2 a thou-
sand.
Club Has Sex Equality
MELBOURNE.—A club of 100
members at Melbourne university
has established sex equality by a
provision prohibiting its male mem-
bers from buying tickets for women
at student entertainments and its
women members from allowing
their escorts to pay for them.
Use up those odd moments
crocheting this square that you'll
know by heart in no time. Six
inches in string, an excellent size
for cloths and spreads, it also
lends itself effectively to many
small accessories in finer cotton.
Pattern 1849 contains directions:
for making the square; illustra-
tions of it and of stitches; mate-
rials required; photograph of
square.
Send 15 cents in stamps or coins
(coins preferred) for this pattern
to The Sewing Circle, Needlecraft
Dept., 82 Eighth Ave., New York,.
N. Y.
COLD
relief!
HINT TO
MOTHER!
Every mother
wants to know
how to relieve her
child's cold dis-
comfort. Rub with
stainless, snow-
white Penetro..
Extra - medicated
vapors tend to re-
lievo congestion
of respiratory
mucous mem-
brane. Penetro
eases the chest,
muscle tightness.
t
PENETRO
Work Is Never Vain
No work truly done, no word'
earnestly spoken, no sacrifice free-
ly made, was ever in vain.—F„
W. Robertson.
How Women
in Their 40's
Can Attract Men
Here's good advice for a woman during her
change (usually from 38 to 52), who fears
she'll lose her appeal to men, who worries
about hot flashes, loss of pep, dizzy spells,
upset nerves and moody spells.
Get more fresh air, 8 hrs. sleep and if you
need a good general system tonic talco Lydia
E. Pinkham s Vegetable Compound, made
especially for women. It helps Nature build
up physical resistance, thus helps give moro
vivacity to enjoy life and assist calming
jittery nerves and disturbing symptoms that
often accompany change of life, WELL
WORTH TRYING!
What's What
Boogy—Money isn't everything.
Woogy -Maybe not, but every-
thing is nothing without it.
POSITIVELY!
"Luden's are 'double-
barrelled'.. .you get
soothing reliefj plus an
alkaline factor."
Charles Lewis,
Chemist, Sew York
LUDEN'S
MENTHOL COUGH DROPS
First to Act
Among the wise, the brain acts
before the mouth.
Children
Constipated?
Give them relief this
simple, pleasant way!
• Watch your young-
ster's face brighten when
you give him a half-
tablet of Ex-Lax. No
struggle. No forcing, to
get him to take a laxa-
tive. Children actually
love the delicious all-
chocolatc taste of
Ex-Lax!
• Your child's sleep
is not disturbed
after taking Ex-Lax.
It doesn't upset little
tummies or bring on
cramps. Ex-Lax is a
mild and gentle
laxative .. . ideal
for youngsters!
• In the morning,
Ex-Lax acts ... thor-
oughly and eBiclivtlyt
No shock. No strain.
No weakening after-
effects. Just an easy
bowel movement that
brings blessed relief.
Ex-Lax it good for tvtry member of
the family—the grown-ups as well aa
the youngster*. Available at all drag
stores in handy 101 and 251 sizes.
Now improved — better than ever!
EX-LAX
THE ORICINAl CHOCOLATED LAXATIVE
1L
*
V,
4
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Mrs. J. W. Dismukes and Sons. Palacios Beacon (Palacios, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 26, 1939, newspaper, January 26, 1939; Palacios, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth411679/m1/2/?q=%22%22~1: accessed June 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Palacios Library.