Palacios Beacon (Palacios, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 28, 1939 Page: 2 of 8
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PALACIOS BEACON. PALACIOS. TEXAS
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS BY JOSEPH W. LaBINE
Congress, Like Entire Nation
Not Certain of 'Best' Course
To Preserve U. S. Neutrality
(EI)ITOR'S NOTE—When opinions are expressed in these columns, they
are those of the news analyst and not necessarily of this newspaper.)
___________ Released by Western Newspaper Union.
CONGRESS:
Admonition
"I have come back to Washington
uiilh an open mind. Whether I vote
for repeal of embargoes or retention of
them, my vote . . . will be lor the
means which I believe best calculated
to keep the United States out oj tenr.
That we must do."
Illinois' Sen. Scott Lucas, a mid-
dle-of-lhe-road Democrat, was bold
enough to admit publicly what most
of the nation's 531 legislators ad-
mitted only to themselves: That no
man could stamp his foot and say
there was only one way to keep the
U. S. out of Europe's war. But a
few who took their seats in Franklin
Roosevelt's third special session
(and the nation's twenty-fifth since
1797) were highly opinionated, 100
per cent positive that only the arms
ILLINOIS' LUCAS
Like many, he didn't know.
embargo they pushed through con-
gress three years ago could keep
America neutral. Among these few
were Idaho's Borah, North Dakota's
Nye, Michigan's Vandenberg and
Missouri's Clark.
But national leaders, being mere-
ly men, were confronted with the
same confusion as the nation: The
more they thought about arms em-
bargo vs. "cash and carry," the
more they argued about straight in-
Jjetnational law vs. specific neutral-
ity legislation, the less positive they
were about everything save one
fact, that the U. S. must keep out
of war.
Day before congress opened, poli-
tics found itself "adjourned" for 85
minutes. To the White House went
Republicanism's 1936 standard bear-
ers, Ail Landon and Col. Frank
Knox, to talk with Franklin Roose-
velt, John Nance Garner and con-
gressional leaders of both stripes.
Even the President was apparently
.confused, for there were rumors he
had decided to supplement straight
"cash and carry" (whereby bellig-
erents could buy, pay for and haul
away arms in their own ships: with
old-fashioned international law. His
thesis: One principle of internation-
al law never disputed is that bel-
ligerents have the right to purchase
anything they need in neutral coun-
tries.
Only concrete results of the con-
ference were the platitudes every-
one expected, announced by White
House Secretary Steve Early:
(1) "The conference with unani-
mous thought discussed the primary
objective of keeping the U. S. neu-
tral and at peace.
(2) "There was complete accord
that . . . the whole subject . . .
be dealt with in a wholly non-
partisan spirit."
Next day, at 2 p. rn., the assem-
bled houses of congress heard Mr.
Roosevelt's recommendations:
"Let those who seek to retain the
present embargo position be wholly
consistent and seek new legislation
to cut off cloth and copper and meat
and wheat and a thousand other ar- j
tides from all the nations at war.
"I seek a greater consistency j
through repeal of the embargo pro-
visions and a return to international
law ... I give you my deep and
unalterable conviction that by the
repeal . . . the United States will
more probably remain at peace than
if the law remains as it stands to-
day . . .
"May you, by your deeds show the
world that we of the United States
are one people, of one mind, one
spirit, one clear resolution, walking
before God in the light of the living."
When the President left the floor,
so did 17 isolationists of the Borah-
LaFollette-Nye-Clark school. Ring-
ing in their ears was one presiden-
tial admonition: "Let no . . . group
. . . assume exclusive protectorate
over the future well-being of Amer-
ica . . . Let no group assume the
exclusive label of the peace bloc.
We all belong to it."
After the 17 met, California's
crusty Hiram Johnson made an an-
nouncement: "We are ready to
fight from hell to breakfast."
ASIA:
Mystery
Amazingly brief was Japan's re-
action when the U. S. abrogated its
1911 trade treaty last summer.
One reason was the immediate up-
surge of interest in Europe's dog-
fight. But one thing led to another,
Japan made peace with Russia, and.
British-French interests in the Ori-
ent were left to fall under Japanese
influence. These problems settled,
pugnacious Nippon dusted off the
U. S. treaty abrogation, mixed it
with America's decision to reinforce
her Pacific garrisons, and concoct-
ed from these ingredients a puz-
zling diplomatic issue.
Something was in the air. On
three successive days Tokyo news-
papers carried what were obvious-
ly government-inspired editorials
which said things like this:
C. "Should the U. S. strengthen her
present policy it can be supposed
that Japan would be compelled to
assert her right to existence."
C. "Following the decreasing Anglo-
Frcnch influence in the Far East
. . . the U. S. is threatening to
come forward and . . . protect its
rights and interests in China, thus
giving rise to a greater likelihood
of Japanese-American friction."
C, "Neither Japan nor the United
States seeks war . . . We desire
to judge the situation coolly . . ."
Trying to figure out this uncalled-
for war talk, the Chicago Daily
News' A. T. Steele radioed from
Tokyo that he thought the Japs were
being prepared for "any future
drastic American move." To oth-
ers, it sounded like Tokyo was mak-
ing a propaganda buildup to justify
anti-American moves in China.
LABOR:
Peace in Wartime
Taking his eyes a moment from
Europe's bloody picture show,
Franklin Roosevelt glanced at do-
mestic affairs and suddenly realized
that October is U. S. labor's big
month. At Cincinnati the American
Federation of Labor was ready to
convene. John Lewis' Congress for
Industrial Organization planned to
meet in San Francisco October 10.
But there was no sign of peace be-
tween the?o two warring factions,
and internal warfare is bad busi-
ness in a time of world war.
Soon, however, there were indi-
cations the White House would
move for peace, as it has done the
past two years. The President con-
ferred with A. F. of L.'s Daniel
THE WAR:
Words
Guns still boomed at a nearby
Polish outpost when Adolf Hitler
rode triumphantly into Danzig.
"We greet you . . . The city is
decked for you," shouted Albert
Forster, who is Der Fuehrer's latest
Konrad Henleln.
"I am happy to greet you, my
faithful gauleiter," answered the
man whose armies were even then
wiping up the spilled blood of Po-
land. Then he launched into a
speech which the British ministry
of information shortly called "full
of the crass misstatements which
usually fall from his (Hitler's) lips."
Typical "misstatements":
«. "The Duce (Mussolini) made pro-
posals which Germany and France
accepted but Britain refused."
C. "Poland chose war because the
western powers stated that the Ger-
man army was worthless, that the
German people were low in morale
and that there was a breach be-
tween the German people and its
leadership."
C, "Britain should be happy that
Germany and Russia reached an
agreement. They are now relieved
of . , , uncertainty."
Next day, as the New York stock
market boomed in hopes of a long
war, Britain's Prime Minister
Neville Chamberlain answered him:
"Among the many misstatements
... I wish to refer ... to the
statement that the French govern-
ment agreed to Italian mediation
while His Majesty's government re-
fused."
"Our purpose ... is to redeem
Europe from perpetual and recur-
ring fear of German aggression. No
threats will deter us or our French
allies from this purpose."
On the third day French Premier
Edouard Daladier had his inning,
tracing step-by-step every broken
promise that litters Adolf Hitler's
trail from the reaffirmation of Lo-
carno to the rape of Poland. Then:
"Germany already has prepared
the dismemberment of France. Maps
I showing France amputated have
J been printed . . . But France has
| arisen . . . We will end the war only
i when we can ensure the security of
I France."
In the East
Completed was Russia's valiant
"rescue" of 11,000,000 white Rus-
sians and Ukrainians (plus several
million Poles) who were "left to
their fate" when the Polish state col-
HIDDEN OGRE-
Does the Tax Collector Lurk
Beside Your Breakfast Table?
•11'}®' IBif! -
i-Srtwuu.tu
zm
Picture
Parade
What's this about hidden taxes? Do they really take a healthy
slice out of your family income? Analysts of the National Con-
sumers Tax commission, who keep records of taxes in every state
of the Union, claim the hidden levy takes from the average fam-
ily's budget each year the
equivalent of 578 loaves of
bread or 165 pounds of
butter or 144 dozen eggs
or 156 pounds of bacon.
Of an average $495.13
spent annually for food,
each family is said to pay
$35.15 in hidden taxes.
I / ore's t he n ational average:
Above: Cost of toast is
raised 6.4 per cent by 5'3
hidden taxes—11 federal, 42
state and local. The orange,
juice at the left costs the
average family $14.74 a
year, including the tax col-
lector's $1.25 squeeze.
NETHERLAI
GERMAN TROOPS
CENTERING HERE
BELGIUM
GERMANY'S
INVASION
INM9! A
1 N
FRANCE,
Aachen
LUXEMBOURG
WHERE SAAR
BATTLE RAGES
WHO'S
NEWS
THIS
WEEK
By LEMUEL F. PARTON
NEW YORK.—Mahatma Ghandi
has indicated that, in his opin-
ion, a world war against Adolf Hit-
ler would be justifiable and possibly
necessary. The
Understudy of British, with
Gandhi Calms t'icir J"1,130"'
t jd :• i tive job of keep-
TowardBrtUsh ing tht.ir great
Indian empire in hand, probably
j aren't worrying about Gandhi, More
important is the attitude and activ-
ity of his vigorous and popular un-
derstudy, the 44-year-old Pandit
Jawahharial Nehru. The latter has
been boldly resistant to British rule,
spent six yqars in jail, and has ac-
■ quired popularity and leadership as
! Gandhi reaches his scvcnty-second
year.
Meager news reports from In-
dia indicate that Nehru has
been calming down in his agi-
tation against British imperial-
ism, and that, a few weeks ago,
he was vehemently denouncing
fascism and the new German
aggression. London is re-
assured, but watchful, as Asia
may become a balance of power
in the clash of world dominions
and Nehru has been an active
propagandist of pan-Asiatic doc-
trine, summoning browns and
blacks to resist what he believes
to be the aggression of the
whites.
Born of a noble caste, Nehru was
educated at Harrow and Cambridge,
taking honors in the classics. His
father, the Pandit Motilal Nehru,
was a lawyer and the richest man
in Allahabad. He gave away his
mansion and moved into a shabby
little house when he became a con-
vert to Indian nationalism.
His son, reared in splendor,
had no such ideas when he came
home from England. He was a
strong supporter of the British
regime nntil the Amritsar mas-
sacre of 1919. Then he burned
his 50 British suits, donned na-
tive dress, and beoame an agi-
tator for the Nationalist cause.
However, he was no devotee of
| loin-cloth asceticism. He was
all for fighting and it was as (he
most belligerent of all the In-
dian leaders that he came to
the presidency of the all Indian
congress in 1935.
Nehru was at times sharply op-
posed to the non-resisting Gandhi,
but apparently their differences [
have been resolved. He is hand-
some and engaging, a vigorous as-
sailant of the ancient caste system [
of India.
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skirt.
Send your order to The Sewing
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Price of patterns, 15 cents (in
coins) each.
(Bell Syndicate—WNU Service.)
Tis the Head, Not Heart,
That Wags the Tongue
♦
NOTABLES
In the news
DUKE or WINDSOR was
named major general of British
expeditionary forces and planned
to go back to France.
CHARLES M. SCHWAB, native
of Loretto. Pa., who rose to con-
trol billions of dollars in the steel
industry, was buried at New
York.
HERMIT ROOSEVELT, son of
the late • President Theodore
Roosevelt, reportedly renounced
his U. S. citizenship and become
an Englishman to join the British
ministry of shipping.
MADAME PERKINS
What can you do?
Tobin, a leading advocate of labor
unity. At his press conference he
assured reporters he would address
a message to the A. F. of L. con-
vention. and that "it would be a
good guess" to say the message
probably would mention peace.
Secretary of Labor Frances Per-
kins also did a little campaigning.
She told how both factions have
asked representation on the new
war resources board. Her quandry:
If you appoint a representative of
both factions, will they carry their
fight into the board? Or can you
appoint only one representative and
say that he truly represents all la-
bor without bringing protests from
the other groups?
MISCELLANY:
Thanksgiving
Because President Roosevelt pro-
claimed Thanksgiving on November
23, and because Gov. George A. Wil-
son designated November 30, the
Clayton county, Iowa, board of su-
pervisors proclaimed a third date,
November 16, "so as not to conflict
with the dates set by the President
and the governor."
BELGIUM'S WORRY
Will history be repeated?
lapsed under Germany's invasion.
Nazi and Soviet chiefs conferred in
Moscow on Poland's new partition,
presumably deciding to leave a
small, hamstrung buffer state.
Lithuania and Slovakia were each
given a small slice of the Polish
pie.
But as war ebbed in Poland, other
eastern nations grew fearful. Ru-
mania's neutrality was threatened
outside and inside: (1) on the north
by Russian-German proximity; (2)
on the east by an expected Turk-
ish-Russian pact which might close
her Black sea outlet; (3) internally
by violence, illustrated in the assas-
sination, presumably by pro-Ger-
mans, of anti-Nazi Prime Minister
Armand Calinescu.
Meanwhile Der Fuehrer's fast-
growing eastern empire suffered
growing pains. While millions of
sullen Poles presented a constant
threat of rebellion, London and
Paris heard insistent reports of up-
risings among Czechs and Austriang.
In the West
For the moment, fighting died
down along the Saar front while
both sides took time out to move
up fresh troops. But France was
fearful on two counts: (1) about
70 Nazi divisions were being moved
from Poland to the western front;
(2) Aachen, the town from which
Germany jumped into Belgium in
1914, was evacuated of civilians and
became a concentration point for
Herr Hitler's troops. Was history
about to be repeated?
At Sea
As the British airplane carrier
Courageous went down, its 578 dead
boosted Britain's sea toll to 761.
Prime Minister Chamberlain report-
ed 31 allied or neutral ships had
been sunk by U-boats, also that
the allies have sunk seven or eight
German subs. Comparison: In
April, 1917, peak month of the World
war's sea fighting, average British
tonnage loss per week was 127,000.
or 39 ships. For the week ending
September 19 in the present war,
Britain lost 45,000 tons, or 13 ships.
Biggest U. S. concern in the sea
war: Several American cargoes had
been confiscated by Britain; at least
one American steamer, the Wascos-
ta, had been stopped and searched
by a German si^b.
On bacon there are 48 taxes (30 federal,
18 state and local) boosting the cost 3.9
cents a pound. Of $20 spent annually for
table eggs, about $1 goes to the tax collector.
w*
There are 46 taxes on a pound of sugar (29 federal, 17 state
and local). Average family uses 71 pounds a year, pays $2.70 in
hidden taxes. Tax collectors sivallotv 18 per cent of the sugar cost,
or one of every five and one-half pounds.
On coffcc costing 23 cents
a pound, 3.3 cents goes to
hidden taxes. Cream and
milk: Of $59.89 spent an-
nually, $4.15 goes the same
way.
Diversions of 1737 Entertained Col. Byrd
"A Library, a Garden, a Grove
and a Purling Stream are the inno-
cent scenes that divert our Leisure,"
William Byrd II wrote to a friend in
England, as he sat in his palatial
residence, Westover-on-the-James,
one of the most celebrated and beau-
tiful of all Colonial homes. As for
the library, it numbered nearly 4.600
volumes, the largest private library
in the colonies. It was in April,
1737, that Colonel Byrd advertised
in Virginia Gazette that on the north |
side of the James river, a little be-
low the falls there had been laid off
by Maj. William Mayo, a town
called Richmond, with streets 65 feet j
wide. A pleasant and healthy situa- J
lion and a well supplied with springs
of bouU water." As the founder of
Richmond, a writer, and as a states-
man he is one of the most impor-
tant men of his time. Westover is
still used as a residence.
IT WAS not until a year ago that
Romain Rolland returned to
France, after more than 20 years'
exile in Switzerland. He had op-
... posed war. Sev-
Lamplighter prai years be-
Sees Hope Only fure he finished
In 'Inner Light' J?llris:
b tophe," Tolstoi
had called him "The Conscience of
Europe." He is a pallid old man
now, with thinning hair and sad,
deep-set eyes, but still "above the
battle" and still trying to arouse the
conscience of mankind.
He dispatched to the New York
international congress of the Amer-
ican Musicological society a mes-
sage of good will. It is quoted here
in accord with this department's
wartime alertness to such men and
messages. He says:
"In the field of art, there is
not—there should not be—any
rivalry among nations. The
only combat worthy of us is that
which is waged in every coun-
try and at every hour, between
culture and ignorance, between
light and chaos. Let us save all
the light that can be saved.
There Is none more refulgent
than music. It is the sun of the
inner universe."
It was this sun that illumined
"Jean Christophe," one of the great-
est books of all times, published here
just before the World war, profound-
ly moving to multitudes of Ameri-
cans as an avocation of the creative
and aspiring spirit of man. Many
times in recent years, Romain Rol-
land has written that the world had
little hope of escaping another and
possibly last devastating war. But,
described as "an old man, broken
and despairing," on his return to
France last year, he has contin-
ued his plea for peace, decrying
hatred, pleading for understand,
ing.
His has been a lone voice,
never identified with "move-
ments," or political groupings,
right or left. He opposed Henri
Barbusse and his Ciarte group,
and the various "united fronts,"
as he did the leaders of violent
reaction on the right.
He was educated in music at the
Ecole Normale, became a devotee
of Wagner and then of Tolstoi and
Shakespeare. He is the evangel of
the humane spirit in a day when it
is hard pressed.
(Consoliduted Features—WNU Servlca.)
In recognition of some service
Chief Washakie of the Shoshone
Indians had rendered, General
Grant sent him a beautiful silver-
mounted saddle. It was present-
ed with troops drawn up and a
grandiloquent speech by the com-
manding officer.
When Washakie was asked if he
wished to reply, he shook his head
negatively.
"What!" shouted the colonel,
"after all you heard you have
nothing to say?"
The Indian answered: "White
man feels with his head; his head
has tongue. Indian feels with his
heart; heart no tongue."
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and its advertising patrons.
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Dismukes, Mrs. J. W. Palacios Beacon (Palacios, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 28, 1939, newspaper, September 28, 1939; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth411869/m1/2/: accessed June 21, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Palacios Library.