Brenham Daily Banner. (Brenham, Tex.), Vol. 18, No. 103, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 19, 1893 Page: 3 of 8
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tsam
u m mn
11/ i v
making liquid air.
A SCIENTIST EXPLAIN8 HIS CHEM-
ICAL DISCOVERIES.
Profea«or Devar'a Experiment* May Prove
to Be the Groatcit Investigations of the
Century—Powerful Gases Reduced to a
Fluid State.
The Pall Mall Budget of London pub-
lished an interview with Professor James
Dewar on what is represented as being
"a great scientific discovery," that of
making liquid air. Introductory to the
interview the article says that "his liq-
nefactions of permanent gases and the
use of vama to preserve great cold mark
one of the most important chemical dis-
coveries of the century." It is held by
scientists that any gas may be liquefied
if the pressure and cold may be obtained
and a vessel of sufficient strength to
withstand the great pressures.
Of the gases that may be liquefied car-
bonio acid gas has been found to be the
cheapest and readiest made, and while it
has been known for many years that it
could be liquified it has generally been
so prepared only in small quantities for
scientific uses. The use of compressed
air as a motive power has presented many
difficulties, the principal one being its
bulkinesa; hence large vessels must be
used in order to get a sufficient amount
of motive power, and it is hard to maV"
these strong enough and at the same time
light in weight.
As a motive power it is used at a pres-
sure of from (500 to 900 pounds. But if
Professor Dcwar has discovered an eco-
nomical and ready way of liquefying it,
it will tend to solve a problem in carry-
ing a motive power in storage bulk that
will be of great benefit to the students in
this line. In the talk with the represent-
ative of The Pall Mall Budget, he says:
"Well, I don't think there's very much
to say, because I've told all I have to tell
about the matter in my two lectures,
but I do believe there's a great deal more
to be learned about the subject. You
see, at present we've got these gases down
to 210 degrees below zero, and the lowest
possible temperature is 274 degrees be-
low. If we could get some 80 degrees
lower down, we might liquefy hydrogen.
Hydrogen has never been liquefied in a
free state yet.
"Now, it's a strange thing that air can
be made into a homogeneous fluid. You
would think, as oxygen can be liquefied
at —182 degrees and nitrogen not until
—102 degrees, that as you made the air
colder and colder the oxygen would be-
come liquid first and then the nitrogen
1 saw that prediction made in a stand-
ard work only the other day. Now, 1
dare say. yon will ask why the oxygen
don't come down first."
Stepping quickly back to the desk Pro-
fessor Dewar took up a pencil and began
to draw with rapid strokes on the back
of a letter. The diagram when it was
finished looked more like the law of di-
minishing returns turned up on one side
than anything else that I am acquainted
with. While he drew he rapidly ex-
plained how the influence of atmospheric
pressure on the different volumes of ni-
trogen and oxygen in air makes them
boil almost exactly at the same tempera-
ture. As he made each pom* he frowned
a little, drawing up the wrinkles between
his eyes. "Now, that, in the old theo-
logical days, would have been taken as
a providential dispensation. The strange
thing is that when liquid air evaporates
again they are under the same pressure,
and the nitrogen goes off first, as you
would expect.
"Ozone can be liquefied by acting on
the vapor given off from liquid oxygen
by electricity. It is a splendid dark blue
color, almost as dark as indigo. Ozone
has not the same molecule as oxygen,
and the electricity breaks up three twc
into two threes. That is the secret of it.
The queer thing about liquid ozone is
that when it goes back into gas again it
explodes. You wouldn't think it, but it
is stronger than dynamite as an explo-
sive. It's simply because the ozone goes
back into the molecular form of oxyger
so fast The force that comes from the
electricity makes it explode without
meeting with any outside body. It's a
tremendous explosive.
"We have discovered that liquid oxy-
gen acts as a lens. It is so transparent
to heat, so to speak, that even at 182
degrees below zero you can focus heat
on it from one side and light a piece of
paper by it on the other. You know
that's just what happens in the earth.
The sun's heat gets focussed on to the
earth through the lens formed by the
vacuum of space, which is so cold that it
hmm't any temperature at all—absolute-
ly zero."
Professor Dewar gave a lecture on
"Liquid Air" at the Royal institution in
the presence of the Prince of Wales, tho
Duke of York. Lord Salisbury and other
notable persons. He showed that by the
withdrawal of heat the air is converted
into a liquid with total loss of chemical
properties, incapable of supporting com-
bustion, or of entering into combination
even with phosphorus and sodium, while
certain physical properties remain. The
conversion of oxygen into ozone was also
described, and the retention by oxygen
of its pecul-.jr optical properties at the
lowest tern, jrature was demonstrated
by the very dense and well defined bands
ofita spectrum. In ordinary conditions
fliygim shows no unreasonable thermal
absorption, but at low temperature its
thermal absorptive power becomes mani-
fest
A Woman Superintendent.
The momentous question whether it
should be a Lady superintendent or wom-
an superintendent has been decided by
the tftwtees of the normal college. The
executive committee had recommended
that the bylaws of the college be amend-
ed by designating one of the professors
woman superintendent.
Commissioner Lummis said he pre-
ferred lady superintendent. While thqre
was no doubt that woman superintend-
ent was correct, still he thought the term
was not generally applied in institutions
of as much dignity as the normal col-
lege. He made an amendment that lady
be inserted instead of woman.
Commissioner Hubbell said woman
was better form than lady. Mr. Lum-
mis withdrew his amendment, and it is
now woman superintendent.—New York
Sun.
Bather Uninviting.
A hungry looking countryman was
leisurely exploring one of the quiet lanes
in the city in order to comfort the inner
man, when his ears were suddenly sa-
luted by a shrill voice, which uttered in
rapid tones the following inoomprehensi-
hle jargon: "Biledamancapersors—Rose-
beefros6goosrasemu$tona®iater&— Biled-
amancabbagevegetahle — W aUdnsirtaka-
The astonished man hastened his pace
in order to find a house where they spoke
English.—London Tit-Bits.
"HOTHER'S
\ FRIEND" .•
is a scientifically prepared Liniment
and harmless: every ingredient is of
recognized value and in constant use
by the medical profession. It short-
ens Labor, Lessens Pain, Diminishes
Danger to life of Mother and Child.
Book ''To Mothers" mailed free, con-
taining valuable information and
voluntary testimonials.
Sent by express, charges prepaid, on receipt
of price, $1.60 per bottle.
BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO.. Atlanta, 6a.
Sold by all druggists.
DR. H. E. (JAEBCKE,
Resident Dentist
[Successorto Dr. J. E. Muse.]
GOLD FILLING, AND CROWN UNO BRIDGE WORK.
Brenham Texas.
An Example of Ueslgnation.
M. Pasteur is devoted to his studies
and to his family. It was a terrible
blow to him when his daughter married
and left for her new home, but he could
console himself after a fashion of his
own.
"Well," he said after she was gone,
with a long sigh but with a gleam of
comfort dawning in his eyes, "at least
I shall be able now to devote myself to
typhoid fever."—Youth's Companion.
B. S, Rogers. C. F« llerbst.
Rogers & Herbst,
Attorneys - at - Law.
BRENHAM, TEXAS.
Offce in Graber building—upstairs.
A Matrimonial Suggestion.
Mr. Beenthere—Why don't you get
married?
Mr. Oldbach—No use. There is no
woman who will take me.
Mr. Beenthere—Of course not. With
that cast of countenance you can hardly
expect a woman to take you. You must
take a woman.—Texas Sittings.
BEAUREGARD BRYAN,
Attorney - at - Law,
Brenham, Texas.
Practice in all of the Courts.
Office South Side Public Square.
CAMPBELL* & PENNINGTON.
Attorneys - at - Law,
Brenliam, Txeas*
All business entrusted in our care will re-
ceive prompt and careful attention.
Office over First National Bank.
rp B. BOTTS,
Attorney-at - Law
Brenham, Texas.
Has a complete Abstract ol'Land Titles. Gives
special attention to land business. Office—Up-
stairs in Giddlngs Building, South side Square.
There are differences in teeth. Some
NOWAKOWSKY,
DEALER IN
are of a nature capable of withstanding 1 J#
very rough usage, while others are frail j
and need constant attention. _., . T _ _ .
| Staple and Fancy Groceries,
THE BUCKING | Tobacco and Cigars.
nupt/rvr nnm r CUftD 'Next door toH. Franke, South Ant Street,
DuLKtl t oAUULt oHUr j Bronliam; To
Opened near H. Fisher's, Brenliam, Tex,
Wroe & Schramm
Are driving tacks and pulling lhread. They
keep well waxed machines.
Inferior and poor stock they do not use;
So their customers they do not abuse.
They handle the best bark-tanned Harness
Leather and California Skirting, Wroe's im-
proved Natimal Forked T.ees, with raw hide
v*>vers, beveled Ilames and Noxall wool faced
Collars that can't be heat. The\ solicit orders
tor hand-made work and all fiinds of repairing.
They will trade new saddles and harness fur oid
ones. Their work is done In the old-time way
and sold Just as cheap as machine work at the
present day. Call and see them, they will
treat you while and appreciate your trade.
WROE & SCHRAMM,
BKENHAH, TEX.
Lone-^Restaurant
Jnlins Fnerstesters, Proprietor.
Meals at all Hours.
Fish, Ovsters and Game.
Hot Coffee* best in the city.
First class Lunch Counter.
St. Charles Street, Brenham, TexaB.
For Sale.
Farm of 349Jacres, 2 miles of Bren-
ham, 160 acres wood land 3 miles of
Breuhatn, 100 acres of wood laud
south of Brenham and the Mclutyre
homestead. *H. C. McIntykk,
Executor.
EVERSBERG, WILLIAMS & CO..
Real Estate,
Fire, Life and Accident
Insurance Agents.
Office Engelke Bank Building.
BltEKHAM. - TEXAS
Saving is Earning.
New Meat Market.
Mr. Adolph Kessllng has opened a
meat market on South Ant street, op-
posite H. Fisher's Grocery Store, and
solicits a share of the public patron-
age. Will keep constantly on hand
all kinds of choice fresh meats and
have a free delivery.
YOU CAN'T AFFORD IT!
What? To drink impure water. Aek
vour Doctor, and if he is honest, and you
know he is, he will tell you so. No wooden
curbed well can supply cure water 1 w51l
put brick an'I cement curbs in ,\our old wells
or make you new ones of any depth or diam-
eter, and give you absolutehyjurewater.
Well Digger, Brenham, Texas
A. few dollars' saving on
each purchase made amounts
to a good deal in the conrse
of a year. Orders given for
-HFRESH MEATSH=-
such as Beef, Pork, Mutton,
and Prime Sausage will re-
ceive prompt attention. Free
liyery to all parts of the city.
3J1. FISOHEB,
Proprietor City Market.
I laundry maid pretty And stout,
tWas kbely in ixouUe and douit
her best counterpanes
hA some very black stain#
-C^IRETT£-504Ptdc Ihcm out
CLAIRETTE SOAP—sads only by 8. K. & CO., St. Levis.
Wm. LU8K
LIVERY AND SALE STABLE,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL—
GBAIN DEALER
HEADQUARTERS FOR
■mMmmrn.
Wooft^iETILIClliiRilC
A full snpply of Ladies and Gentlemen burial robes.
Highest market price paid for Ootton Seed.
Sandy Street, Brenham, Texas.
Fall and Winter Goods
We have now in Stock an elegant line of Dress
Goods in all the new styles of Wool Fabrics, with
trimmings to match.
LARGE LINE OF MEN'S, YOUTHS AND CHILDREN CLOTHING.
Stetsou Hats, all shapes. C. P. and othc-r popular
makes of Corsets.
Our Line of Carpets is Now Complete
Have just received a large shipment of the popnlar
John Kellv Ladiea, Misses, and Children Shoes.
ALEX SIMXDIsT.
F. KRENTZLIN.
AGBNT FOB W. J. LBMP'S
KEG & BOTTLED BEER.
—DIALER IN—
Choice Family Ghroceries.
Wines, Liquors, Tobacco; Oigars, Crockery and Glassware
GRABER BUILDING, BRBNHAM, TBXAS.
•WOrdors for Keg or Bottled Boer promptly filled. Goods delivered
in all parts of the city free of charge.
LUMBER,
2000 Round Cedar Posts.
3000 feet Cedar Piling.
Agent Improved Buckeye Mower, Hay Bakes and "Old
Hickory'' Wagons,
WILL APPRECIATE YOUR ORDER.
FEANK W. WOOD,
AUG. LINDEMANN.
—FOB—
For Rent.
One five room house on Main street, j
now occupied by Dr. Job. D. Rogers.
Apply to Alex Simon, j
Strayed,
Prom my residence on the H. C. Mclntyre
farm, near Brenham. one black home MULE
no br&ud, about 6 yean old, 12 or 18 hands ,
high, gentle to work, had on a halter when
he left home. A reward of $6 will be paid
for hU woonry. Jomr Wisnoswki. |
^ Cutters,
Meat < Stutters,
f Knives,
Axes and Hatchets,
cook and heating 8t0ve8.
TO RKNT.
Dwelling—6 room*—near F. W.
Wood's lumber yard. Apply to
A. LINDKMANN.
Joseph Eckart & Son,
JJ3TW ELER8,
AND DEALERS IN
DIAMONDS- WATCHES AND CLOCKS.
1? all Assortment of Silverware.
Pocket and Table Cutlery, Merscham Pipes, Etc. Watch wad Jewelry Repair-
ing, and Engraving a Specialty. (fiPStore next to F. Kiber.
Merchants' Exchange Saloon.
Corner of Ant and Sandy Streets.
Hoadquiurters for
STRAIGHT WHISKIES, FISTS WINE 8,
And the Best Cigars iu the City.
F. HjEHSTEKE, - - - Proprietor.
CHARLES HALENZA.
AGENT FOR THE CELEBRATED
Lone Star Keg and Bottled ETeer.
BRENHAM/ TEXAS
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Brenham Daily Banner. (Brenham, Tex.), Vol. 18, No. 103, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 19, 1893, newspaper, April 19, 1893; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth483166/m1/3/: accessed July 7, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.