Democratic Telegraph and Texas Register (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 12, No. 29, Ed. 1, Monday, July 19, 1847 Page: 1 of 4
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aGCVUvm;vu"4JUc"l-c,ciTrJ,5
vaja&ys&f el passo its productive
& 'Qualities.
v3yS&Wbilowing interesting letter in
thagjingtcmoii of the 13tk ult.
orHWc&sldehitioti of the. War Department.
J J&fpL Pisso, January 25, 1847.
ofifchihuahuat on Sunday, the,27thDecember,
1846,Iwgays after the battle of JJracito, the
strength of his command being about 900men.
'. My,objectm this communication is to give
tie War Department, and the country at large,
some idea ofthe resources of the fruitful val-
lBy;ofEi Basso, and of its importance to Ihe
United States. The settlement of El Passo
extenSPfrora the falls of the Rio Grande, on
the jiorth,tp the Presidio, on the South a
distance of 22 miles and is one continuous
orcbTar&and vineyard, erribracing, in its am-
pje area? an industrious and peaceful popula-
tion of about 8,000. This spacious valley is
about midway between Santa Pe and Cbi-
huahuaf and is isolated from all other Mexican
settlements by the mountains that rise on the
east and westand close into the river on the
north, andfsouth. The breadth of the valley
isabout'10 miles. The falls ofthe river are
about two miles north ofthe "Plaza publica;''-
dr public "square, and afford sufficient water
power;for,grist and saw mills enough to sup-
ply theentire settlement with flour and lum-
ber. The most important production of the
valley is ttie grape, from which are annually
manufactured not less than 200,000 gallons of
pernaps mc riuuesi. turn uuai wmu iu iu
v and constitutes the principal revenue of the
city. .T The- El Passo. wines are superior in
richness pf-flavor and pleasantness of taste to
any thing ofiihe kind I eter met with in the
tJnitedStates, and I doubt not that they are
far superior to the best wines ever produced
in the" valley of -the Rhine, or on the sunny
hills'o'f 'France. ' Also great quantities ofthe
grape of this 5alley are dried in clusters, and
preserved 'Jor use during the winter : in this
state "I regarded them iar superior to the best
raisins Jthat are imported into the United
States. r
Pears,J?eaches, apples, quinces andGgs are
produced?ui the greatest profusion. The. cli-
mate of this-icountry is most salubrious and
healibfSJiP The inhabitants here suffer more
fronVthe depredations of the Apaches than
from'any'btaeri cause. They are frequently1
robbed of all Ihey possess, in one Jiight, by
the'.incursions'Ot these lawless plunderers. A
few companies of dragoons would, however
soon, drive1' them from their "hiding places in
the mountains and put an end to their depre-
datiorisw'' Add toMhe fruits and wines of this rich
valley avast quantity of corn, -wheat and other
small gram, and the surplus production ofthe
place wtljf under its present state of agricul-
ture, amounfcto near one million of dollars per
annumilkWhat, then,-would be the amount of
thesiirplusuuderthe advantages of American
agriculture ! JOHN T. -HUGHES.
HisExcellency: Wjt.'L, Marcv, Secretary
.fS.'.ir I.,
'V' PRODUCTS OF THE WEST.
Tho following singular statements are vouched for
by the Cincinnati Chronicle. It says, that by tho ag-
ricultural statistics of the census of 1840, and ether
reports since, it appears that a section of tho country
around that city,incliding twenty-nine counties in
'Ohio, twenty-one In Eastern Indiana, twenty-six in
North-Eastern Kentmky, and. eleven in Western Vir-
ginia, making in all dghty-scvcfi counties, produced
i 184G, -as .follows ; Of Indian corn, 51,870,015
bushels of wheat, 10,988,579 bushels; of oats,
io,iiy,oo oosacjs: 01 oariey, ii!4,aoo ousncls.
j.ub juiiuwuij puuciusums axo aaaucea:
1. 'That, thelcori and. wheatrakcd-aroaiid Cincin-
jiati, inM840, was jquxl to one-eighth that ofthe en-
tire Umtedgtates. Tiat at the rate of cultivation, it
would, be one mU of tho whofo rabed in the United
States. "
2. That tho quantity actually raised in 1846, -within
these limits, would feed nx millions of people, and their
cauic anu-fiorses.- . .
3. That New Tork ind Boston, "cities
ulion of5hbabitanU: are thojmarts of
with half a
m31ion
wjth. but fie mniionJiihabitants, and whose people
a country
uo not laiso wueai anc corn cnougu to feed them-
lvcs.' .
j .ThitjJincbrialiwas now as populous as tho
city of New York, it woild not have attained the size
of a cuyjproportioncd U. the ceding capacity of the
country immediately adjtcent to it, in the year 1846.
5. ThaCofthffcighty-siVen counties thus estimated,
that of theai (Butler andCIermont) raise more Indian
Cora than the United Sutes ever exported in any one
year, prtol84G.
6. Thatfnfteen only rf these eighty-seven, (viz:
Hamutonfljjutier, Warreni Preble, Montgomery, Cler-
mont, BrownJClinlon, Gret n, Fayette, Madison, Clark,
Champaign, Miama and Uigan,) raised more corn in
2846, than luoentire amointr exported to Europe in
1846-7, with Jha famine ol Ireland and half of Europe
to make the demand !
I 7." Thatthe amount rnscd intheso eighty-seven
counties was Jbur-fold the bastedexport of the United
States inll84$-7.
We clto these cxtraordijary facts as a now form of
thjf evidencaAvhich showi tlio fertility of Nature in
this parf'of the-world ; the iesodrces which Cincinnati
has to maintain a trreat Domlation, and the Lttle nroh-
aoiuty mat European aemaKi wiu amount to any very
large proportion of tho cropsof the United States.
The tablo abovffmitrht be&reatlv extended in ita An.
twbs, and the inquiry might bo extended to mineral as
well as vegetable prodnctilns. In that respect the
inquirer w.oold bo even mop surprised by the facts
than ho is bythis exhibition. Tho present calculation
may; however, bo taken as one glance, at both tho
present and future of the Oh'o valley.
THE HUSBANDMAN.
BY REV. J. STERLING.
Earth, of Man tho beauteous Mother,
Feeds him still -with corn and wine ;
Ho who best would aid a brother,
Sharo with theso tho gifts divme.
i
Many a power within her bosom
Noiseless, hidden, works beneath ;
Hence aro seed, and leaf, and blossom,
Golden, ear and clustered wreath.
Theso to swell with strength aud beauty,
Is tho royal task of Man ;
Man is king, his throuo is duty,
Since his work on earth began.
Bud aud harvest, bloom aud vintage,
These like man, are fruits of earth ;
Stamped in clay, a heavenly mintage,
All from dust receive their birth.
Barn and mill, and wine-vat's treasures,
Earthly good for earthly lives,
Theso are Nature's ..ancient pleasures,
i"
What the dream but vain rebelling,
If from earth wo sought to nso?
'Tis our stored "aud ample dwelling,
'Tis from it wo see tho skies.
'Wind and frost, and hour and season,
Land and water, sun and shade,
Work with these, as bids thy reason, l
For thoy work they toil to aid.
Sow thy seed and reap in gladness !
Man himself is all a seed ;
Hopo and hardship, joy and sadness,
Slow tho plant to ripeness load.
Exports of Breadstuff's. TKo exports of
breadstufls irom the ports of "Boston, New
York and Baltimore, during the month of May,
to European ports were as follow :
Boston. N. York. Baltimore.
. FJour.bbls., 8,742 39,859 50,362 iifc
Wheat, bushel, 21,144 61,168
Corn, bushels, 18,036 434,750 298,995
Coramoal, bbls., 2,370 51,773 14,164
During the week there have cleared ftom
the port of Baltimoje, for Great Britain, live
vessels, laden with 3,313 carrels of flour, 3,-
178 barrels ofcornmeal; 31,207 bushels of
corn, and 2,982 bushels of wheat besidest
other articles. , , , '
There are now in port, loading with bread-
stuffs for Europe, twcnly.jivc vessels. rl"
There arc also nine vessels of large class,' ,
taking in cargoes of, tobacco. - v . ' . '
Canada. The ProvinciaiJParliamentjwas'
opened by the new Governor, Lord Elgin on t
the 2d iust. The- following -is the njostini- !
portant paragrapn5 oriiis,speeqhf: ?d w . ' '
By a statute parsed during telastsessn,
ofthe Imperial ParJiament,the Colonial Le-
gislatures are' empowered to repeathe'difFer-
ential dutiesJferStojoro 'imposed -in 'the colo-'
nies in favorjfjBrilh produce It is possible
that, by exercising this power, ypu may be
enabled to benefit the consumer without inju-
ry to the revenue. T commend the subject to
your consideration, and I shall lay before you
certain communications relatingto it, which I
have-received from her Majestys Secretary .of
State, for the colonies, aud from the Lieut.
a-s.'m '"jjfo ' Ptwfgana-?ftf vvfliifuuialiu;
Measures will be submitted to j'ou for ex-
tending more generally warehousing facilities
to inland ports, and for effecting Sther im-
provementsr in our commercial system ; alLof
which will I am. -sure, engage your attention.
L The aggiateJa'montrreceived 'for tolls on
the iVeyfials,'flrrom thevcommence-
raentofnavigatiohthe,ljtofJune(31days,), is: Bk $709,607 54,
During the same-penoa1nh546 v l ,J -'(4Gays)
is '" &&' yQBffsoV '
Increase, ' - IJ0,337. 63,
A CJierolcce TnVic Army.Jt is not gene-
rally known to 'the public, that B. F. Ross,
Adjutant of theArkansas regiment, who fought-
with such distinguished bravery at Buenk
Vista, and was afterwards rewarded ,for His
meritorious behaviour, by promotion from the
ranks to the adjutancy of that regiment, is a
Cheiokce, and has numerous relations in the
Cherokee Nation, although he has not lived
there for many years, having adopted Arkani
sas as his home.
.. )
The Fruits of Victory. Our late opera-
tions in Mexico Lave opened to us thd fruit
markets of Jalapa. We observed several va-
rieties of melons, figs, and other fruits in our
markets imd at the fruit stores, which bein"
different in appearance from similar products
of our soil, and much more forward than such
Suits are with us, we were ledtoinauire
where they came from, and were answered
thaUhey were from Vera Cruz. Large quan-
tities are brought over by every ship. They
find a ready said in our.markets. The valley
of Jalapa is famous for its delicious fruits.
The pineapple produced there is the finest in
the world, andother of its fruits are fully equal
to those of Cuba. Nor wilL the refreshing and
delightful enjoyment of these fine fruits, be tho
only advantage we will experience from this
trade. The immense impulse which the de-
mand for fruit will give to the cultivation ofthe
gardens of Jalapa, and the profits which tho
Mexicans -will derive therefrom, will operate
most favorably in turning their minds to the
importance of peaceful relations with this
country. An intimate commercial intercourse
between this port and Vera Cruz, will 'do
more to advance the improvement and pros-
perity of Mexico than any event which has
happened since the establishment ofthe Re-
public The cheapness of liung, the abun-
dance of labor and the fertility ofthe soil, in
the rich valleys between Vera Cruz and the
capital, would, under a system of unrestricted
exportations, render this section tho most de-
lightful jesidence, and one of the most pros-
perons countries ori tho continent. N. O.
Delta.
Odd Fellowship in Danger. The trial of Win. R.
Canterbury, and others, for giving exhibitions of the
secrets of Odd Fellowship without a license, commen-
ced at Springfield, Mass., on Monday, but the District
Attorney did not continuo tho case, tho defence being
that tho exhibition was not of a character requirinff u
license. The Springfield Gazette sajs:
It may interest our Odd Fellow friends to know that
the whole secrets of their order camo within an ace of
being disclosed en Monday afternoon. One ot their
number was put upon tho stand as a witness, by tho
defendants, and was requested to state what was tho
process of electing and mitiaUng members of a lodtre.
tions, put to him as ho thought ho should thereby be
violating an obligation whMi ho had assumed. Tho
ino nuiiuM uujcuitu io ouswenng some ol tlio ques-
ixiurt ruled, however, that he was bound to mako tho
disclosure, it being a penal ofTenco to assume such an
obligation as the witness seemed to think ho had assum- "
ed ; but soon after the ruling an adjournment for the
- ... ,,,,1 . I,., K.'u.r, ,f, rn
HOirSTQt.;jmjgi1'$
night took place, and on Thursday
havo stated, mo examination wasdisci
TO PIUS Ia.1
FromrMrs. Butler's NewWorky "A Year of Conso-
Iatfon." -$' -') V
It may be that tlio stone whichlhou arOieaviug. , .1
From off thy people's neck shall fallmia crush Jheqj
It may ba thi t the sudden floodlhairplislf thee "
Fiom oft" tho rock, whence, prophet hke? bf IfqyThglr
ill VUUO jJ.tU.. iuiuio, HJUU UO04. out. l. um(
Yet hcavo it, hea c it, Heaven hurh. nor tear .-
.1. r4 .Xff
XU UU U CftVUCllIlL'U 111 II1U 11151. WI1U CiUCCL 2
Of those loug-prisonM tides of liberty. '
That stone which thoj hast lifted from tho heart
Of a whole nation, shall become to thco
A glorious monument, such as no art
E'er piled above a mortal memory :
Falling beneath it, thou shalt havo a tomb
That shall make low tho loftiest domo in Rome.
rp 1.. UT..J . U- ?.. .MJ -j?" an'
We made a short is.t to Galveston a few days ago,
after an abf onco of nearly seven ypars. Having spent
several months of tho sommer of 1840 in that beauti
ful city, wo were induced to vis t it again, with the
hopo of finding trace3 of tho to.vn as wo left it. and
.finding onrr.cnds as thoy wcro in "days of auTd fang j
syne ; but in all Mis wo wore saaly disappointed,,
Tho site upon which the city stands, and which in
"40 was a vast and beautiful greon sward, dotted for a
milo or more, with neatly framed houses painted white,
presents now, only a bed of dnst and sand, with long
and compactly built rows of elegant build ngs. Of the
long list of friends too, with whom we onco claimed int.-
macy, wo wore enabled to meet only four or five, aud
they were so changed! tune, asouthern sun and high
feening, had so blanched their locks, embrowned their
cheeks "and expanded their carcases, that their own
mothers could scarcely havo recognized them.
Wo could not but imagine as we wended our solitary
way along tho duslv street!, unknowing and uukuouli.
that our feelings were akiu to thoso which Rip Yaw
Winkle must havo had, upon ins returning to his native
town, after a thirty years nap in tho shades of Bleepy
hollow. , j
After a short stav. wo took.onr hat and bado .adieu.
to tho beautiful "city of the sea," deeply mourning the-!
mutability of all sublunary things, loihe people of.
Galveston, nevertheless, tho rap dgrowth of their townj?
should bo a subject ofpride and gratification. W
io oiner city in me oouin, we oeueve, uas grojvyy
so rapidly, and nono other wo believe, fn the world, of
tho same size, except tho c"ty of Houston cah eihibif
an equal amount of intelligence, morajjtg njl sntor
nriTA With Jnltrnofnn. " . . -
Its jmproYomonts too, must ba cdmmensiirato with'
the improvements pi that portion, tLcxwhich jstribji
utary to it, and as regular as the waves ifiat wjuTtho
commerce of other nations to her shofcsHunlsville-
Manner. , ,. j,tl ,
m Mr 4fu
Gen. Taylor's Spanish.-&othiiigjAv&htiv&
heard it said, annoys Gen. Taylof1 ngItha
to have Mexicans come to.hrnand adrss
him in Spanish. '"Dunngthe yeiwyje hss Deen,
in this country, 'lie lias lernedTjtBord
ofSpanish, and thaisfrafW-MhrapSriLtlve
nlural of rn hp.trnnp.'. Onolnv.whnRnrrfmn.
ei'atjfcltillq, heinrbjwBist.a,
luuAiuau cmuu up anu qoiamcncea uttering a
long complaint in S'pirayalnyolcl General
turned to Major Blisfffand'asleduwhat'in
heaven's name does.thb man want'yMajo.r
B. explained that tlie Mis'sissipians appeared,
to be taking wood from his hoilse. Npw, the
Mississippi Regiment was a'favorite of"the
General's and as they hadalwajs conducted"
themselves well, he- was in an unfortunate
mood to hear, complaints against them. So
waving his hand towards the Mexican, he told
him to "huebos, hucbos, hucbos !" eggseggs
j- tiyttau-ireaitJJBomeoiie use ine worn,
a minute before, and took it for his favorite
word vamos. When Gen. Taylor, in January
last, arrived nere irom Monterey, he encamp
ea near town, nut was not nleased "Witli the
-i . . . '- , ,' . . . .
location for an encampment t ' So speaking on
subject with ajmmberdf officers that-Jiad
called to nnv thnir rnsnp.r.fs tn "him. ha tnA
them that in a few days he should jremptc tha
whole "army to ragua ara iente, (the Mexican
wdrd for brandv.'i llt(me&biuAj7wiiNt&$A'2
Wdrd for brandy.) B.bfmeauiiAmafNeia'.
Sfillilh Picket Guarda't jsm .tviiw! oiJI ifi
' Energy
every thing. Hbwmeanthinff
wUhjtlittle motive '.poWiHl!, AUihS abilitisa
naturehas given hjrluusolessj'grt
and beautiful machine,. readV .atvery po,fet
for useful action, but1 iiof a wheeRfema' fo
want of a starting power! ' A' Etea'lntfri'Ts'
just like a great machine. HejhaW aJ g'rfial
power to set in motion the.yaqe4j&;imme.ge,
projects which he has P handjigQw
can neither start norstop nun ; thoy may Set
in full play the powe'rs oV'an ordinixf 'iSS
and render him a respectable F ti&y$iM&ifc
beautiful piece of mechanism uu&'UJlmtiM
magnuicent one.
Yet there is one point whtclrJu
premely auove me machmeJtrtlfcworK:
ing of his own .mind hecan iraprovo'and exalt
himself; by directing his eyeto3jvatjsJgreat
and good, he may become so. 'If then we can
become what wo wish to befwhaPh'ikre.
jects should we aim at, and what?4 esblute-dnd
energetic efJerts,should we be ovbDmakincatb
attain mem dja a
Instruction and Amusement. Instrudrififi
and amusement are more Mended than the
world in general is apt to imagine. Uninstruc-
tive amusement maybe afforded for a moment'
by a passing jest, or a ludicrous anecdote, by
which no knowledge is conveyed io the mind
ofthe hearer or the redder ; but (he man who
would amuse others for an hour either by wri-
ting something that they do not know, or sug.
gestto them some new reflection upon the
knowledge they havo previously acquired.
The more the knowledge bears upon their
. .1 n .r-
pursuits, upon their occupations, or upon their
interests, the more attractive it will be, and
the moio entitled to be called useful.
Pope Pius recently gave n farewell audienco to
Bishop Wilson, destined, for tho English penal settle-
ment in Australia. Presenting to tho Bishop a golden
chulicc, hofiaid: "Bo kmd, my son, to all your flock
at Hobart Town ; but bo kindest to tho condemned."
"Remarkable Phenomenon. Last Sunday,
a phenomenon, which was nearly attended by
the most disastrous consequences, occurred in
the Black Sea. An Austrian . steamer" of
Lloyd's company, the Slamboul, -wd s ptbcSdi
ing to Constantinople in a dalnvst&te1 collie'
weather, and was within an .hour?s distance of
Synope, when suddenly the sea opened under;.
it, assuming mo torm ot a vast tunnel: the
waves, in closing, covered it almdsi'eritirely
swept the'deck, and did tho mast'serioHsjjifcjnl
age. Tho shock was so violent tbsttBpwl
leaks were spiung; and tho veseljWwSfiK
time in recovering itself frcm tKis iorriElq
pressure and getting fairlyC afioatBGiln.1
rose, however, after some pitching,' o'iujiirea
to such an extent, that if another: shockrhad
taken place it would inevitably have,been lost,
ship and cargo. It was, "with Jhg, greatest
difficulty that it reached tho part,of Synope to
rent ; aiicr wnicn it proceeaeu to Constan-
tinople, where it arrived, safe and sounB last
J uesday. ihose whoiwere witnesses- of'the
accident thought at first, it rnijght hayorigini
ilBTed. . .
. ' , - -
- ; 3tfcYi jsisif. ' ' . .'-
atodinn earthquake; but liothing bftSjff
Sort has occurred elsewhere, ilt mq$t lio'ad- j
mitted that some?submai ine dislodgrrlentbpen-
ed under the ribs of the vessel an abyssTiato
which the waves rushed, and in this waythey
formed a gnlfj in which she narrowly escaped
being smashed and swallowed up. Journal
of Constantinople.
MEXICAN FACTS.
The number of mines in Mexico, already
know n, is between three and four thousand.
Their largest jield in any one jear was $2.1,-
G4I,oGG, in 1796 ; and for some years previ-
ous to 1310, the average annual yield Tvas
$21,000,000. Prom official returns, it ap-
pears that in 1843 the value of gold and sil-
er exported was $18,300,000, exclusive of
what was smuggled out ofthe country to avoid
paying the export duty of sk per cent, and
which it is supposed could not have been less
than three millions moie. Gold mines aro
rate in Mexico tho only ones known are
j those near Oaxaca, gold being found in com-
mnuiion wim smei. jluiuu yenny-weignis
of gold to a mark of silver, is the largest
amount obtained of the more precions metal
from the combination ore, and this from the
mines of Guanajuato onty. When the amount
of gold in these ores is small, it is not separa-
ted from the silver, as tho result ofthe process
is notequal to the cost.
.Under the vice-regal government, the, to
bacco monopoly yielded a revenue of $o,000,-
000 ;. now it pioduces only halfa million, and
we are told that this is not more than equal
jto i the expenses ofthe establishment. This is
Mexican wisdom all over, to keep up a mono
poly for the purpose pf paying the expense
thereor. .
' The mosfvafuable mine in Mexico Js' that
oT,Fressiello, which nettea'SSOO.OO&Hp1 M1.
'coiernment annually, but the teeisnhpleroFj
which was sold, not long .since, (orjquf-Tiun-
.ti la " -
'TKr rnvnniie of the archbishonofMexicQ is
not less than $30,Qo6cxcfusive of donations',
awbirtlilday presents, which amoQnt proba"
l,nM nT,iff,(Prti7n?
m4Mte'$WWtf -or the RepublibThe
. O-AjpVA'A.AA.l.V'UllK. 1iIVUmUUL V1 VMV "
tfitaM&S&SWL mixture fifcofl.
ffiMWJi&&fo ,HW9t v three liundred
feet in lteBlfdrTMidof its value may
befernaafrofcthlcWattln offer was
offlfigdfiSm'mstrade, and re-
plado if fflttitnWi'W exactly thb same size
and woritinans1iipJo,f0pure silver, and to give
half a "million of dollars besides."
The public debt of Mexico is estimated at
one liundred millions of dollars. It is impos
sible to get precise statistics in that country.
being confined to gold and Silver. There are,
mines of lead, copper, tin, &c; but the lazy
and unenterprising hounds who own them do
not put them to any account.
llexico is adnura.Wy Pto-tiwMEwlfcrtcTritTJrrrt
tion
oi couon, out raises noi enougn tor me
use of her own manufactures, which, at tho
best, are no great affairs. Even the candles
used in their religious observances are ingreat
. . -.. w--B --W-......
n-,,imJfmm,'mnh,inj,mr Ti,n mi,nn
tjc nrr;s arc jn a very low state. Saddles and
ipftjn arc the principal articles madenhere,
.?7i.i t.V : i nL- i. ;
moan'others being imported. Tho plate is
not hankme ; and in reply to the assertion
that the aadfflexs oTnb other country can make
a MexijjJ&dcligjMr. ihompstm sarcastic-
qUyprfr"JEiri,Qt think any decent sad-
dler 'wcwddifiiarcoulaVflw
1 j.g .BVsfefl rtt 1-) f TV ' .
had anataifedacec-untJofiihe march of-Col.
GftdWa'coiiKnatidj'tO California, and tlfe
forfgJjlfrJmJtari officer .ihhepj-
vfeDimen"iowtwitli the battalion, , will W
If4JareryT'inter3ting. We are indebted for
ifttf Mtj'GvAV. Dent, of our city. '
.? K n'cr T TT f 1. "(
"" - '""oxs iiEuo, upper vjaiuornia, m.
tJjmrjMOlhcr : I wrote to yoiU from 'a
IpothtibajthovRio Grande, about two hundred
and fifty' miles south of Santa Fejdesignated
.. rri,ii'c. Afrt rT?n ri?..:.fMni ft Z
ferrod you to this map in the letter.) About
.forty.miles south of this place, we letlthe rite
errand directed our course towards tho setting
sun. As we rose upon the most prominent
point, olour course in the neighborhood ofthe
rjvr, we sawbpreading from our feet an ex-
tended plaint and on the remote horizon,
chains of blue mountains lifting formidable
b'aMcrs to our further march.
.The battalion had been reduced, the day
previous, to half rations. Knapsacks, con-
taining a scanty supply of clothing and bed-
ding, wore secured to their shoulders, and in
addition, heavy muskets, with the usual ac-
qompaniament of bayonets, cartridge boxes,
belts, &c, constituted the equipments for this
arduoUs undertaking.
Our animals were haidiy fit for service ;
many of them had been taken out of harness
about ten days before, after crossing the prai-
ries and plains from Fort Leavenworth. Tho
pi ovision wagons were heavy and unwieldly,
too many in proportion to the animals, yet in-
sufficient for the amount of provisions called
for, even at the " half ration late."
Thus was commenced our march through a
wilderness, known only to the wandering tribes
of Siera da Acha, or the daring and adventur
ous pioneers of Sonora ; and thus commenced
a,.scene of privation and hardships, that I am
persuaded, remains without a parallel,
aoll saw athletic and vigorous men reduced,
byithirst and fatigue, to the imbecility of chil-
BrefrV their bodies attenuated and feeble;
tgfr faces bloated ; their eyes sunken ; their
igef jaceratcd and bruised, mechanically mo-
ving fbrward,without a murmur and without
a"U object ; the latter having been lost sight of
in jmo gloomy contemplation ot thoir present
Jljelpless, condition. g
c- I remember, on one occasion, after having
marched twofo'ays 'without water, whib leis-
urely riding" libout U milo in the rear of the
IrgopS, to have espied a short disbue yi ad
yajic'e,,a soldier of tlio battalion, VKy at'ten-
tidn'was'.not attracted by his slow and uneasy
e'tep, 'for'it wasa time of gonerafUflering,
ami Stick" a thing was to bejogSd for'; but
ylicjL, ,in parsing, ho turned'Iupon me his
ghastly, visage, 1 involuntarily checked my
mulcj'shuddoringrnt-his horrid picture of hu
man" misery! T Was about to pass hirn, but
my heart' reproved mo, and I offered him my
raule4 ' Te jxjofjfgliow lifted his eyes to mino,
' -SSrr9r-We have not yet
,m rf.wf."
. ' .
i
TOL. XII.
buBropped them as suddenly ; he was a Mor-
mQn?an$ had Jjcen unused to lavors. Ho made
no, further reply, but continued on his weary
t.amp, apparently cai cless whether each suc-
ceeding step was leading him to dcstiuction
or safety.
But the old proverb, that all things must
.have a termination, was realized in the case
of our sufferings; and we may date that
happy peiiod at our arrival iv the valley of
San Barnadin, although we afterwards had
manyleng marches without water, before
reaching our ultimate destination.
San Bemadin is the name of what once was
an extensive " ranchc," embracing several
leagues of land and stocked with seventy or
eighty thousand head of cattle.
The owner of this ranch paid an annual
s ioend, in cattle, to the tribe 6f Apaches, in
whose territory it was situated ; but they
shared theommonfate ofall ranches attempt-
ed to be established in this"part of Sonora., A
wantof punctuality in furnishing the stipulated
supplies afforded to the Indians, who were, de-
sirous of such an excuse, an opportunity for
making themselves master of the herd. Such
ofthe Mexicans as were fortunate enough to
escape the merciless scalping-knife made their
way into the garrison towns of the frontier,
preferring poverty and peace to fortune and
the midnight serenade ofthe Apache bands.
This valley of San Barnadin is about thirty
miles in width and blocked in on either side
ly ridges of lofty mountains.
When wo arrived atthis place and thebroad
plain of waiving grass, watered by refreshing
streams and dotted with numerous1 herds of
"wild cattle, opened before us ; man and beast
.in that weary and dispirited company, by
words and looks acknowledged the auspicious
pV6'spectit promised a prodigal abundance
and aWelcome rest. "
JJWe remained in the valley several days re--crulting
our; anjknajs and providing ourselves
"With meat. During'our stay we were attend-
ed Jjy deputationsomihe neighboring tribe
arid Entered into Jennsof amity with them.
When they learned tho object of our march
and the great illUjgilr. of our warriors, they
appeared rinjstrejoiced and expressed a hope
that we would takenany scalps. These In-
dians, are expert .horsemen and well skilled in
tho use of the lance, which, together with the
bow and arrow constitute their only imple-
ments of war.
At the valley of San Barnadin, and for
twelve days travel after leav ing it, we had an
abundant' supply of fine fresh beef.
A few dilapidated houses and the immense
herds, now scattered over an area of more
than two hundred square miles, are all that
remain ofthe once rich San Barnadin.
Killing these wild animals afforded us an
amusement at once exciting and dangerous,
and in pursuit of this sport, several men were
severely wounded and five mules killed. It
became a matter of remark that these "horned
heroes" of San Barnadin made a more formi
dable resistance to our march through their
jjad at stake th
their "altars and their homes.:--
We passed through Tusone, a small garri-
son town or " presidio," situated near the
northern frontier of Sonora. Our approach
had been communicated to the commandante.
When within a few days march we were fa-
vored with a message from the officer in com-
mand, directing us to " take a circuitous way
td the Gila river," (for that he had learned
was our intended route,) "or pass through the
garrison at our peril." To this threatening
letter the Colonel made-no reply. No sooner
had this disappeared than another messenger,
hearing a second despatch from the blustering
commandante, rode into camp. This was
more conciliatory than the other, stating that
ho had been directed by his government to
oppo'so our march, but from the small force
furnished for-rthitfpurposehe hadjjeen indu-
ced to abandon' the.iritontion, and concluded
by saying that meHAteerican officer would
confer an immertshfam:''if lie would march
his forces around the'pltfce'.t To this proposi-
tion.rCoI. Cook, oficouVsefdid not accede;
and the answerbeing '.returned, we fully ex-
pected to have at. engagement, nor was this
expecfattonitlcssened when we learned that
theaJflopulatiotr) including the soldiery, could
rnttsteHta thousand strong more than twice
our number.
The second day after the order was receiv-
ed, to march around, we marched through the
garrison, cheered and enlivened by the merry
strains of Yankee Doodle.
The enemy had decamped a few-hours be-
fore, and we were left in quiet possession of
the place.
Remaining two dayb at this garrison, we
c6ncluded to march to the liver Gila, where
we encamped on the 23d December. The
Gila (pronounced Hela) empties into the Co-
lorado of California about eighty miles east of
the gulf. In Mitchell's map both rivers are
represented as emptying in to the gulf.
On the 2oth December v e continued our
jojirney down the Gila, passing through the
villages, of the PJmasmdians. We did not
forget the day, that it was Christmas, nor the
pleasant associations connected "with that
word. j
The Pimas Indians Tiumbor a population of
ten thousand, aud live in villages on the Gila.
They are without an exception tho noblesj
Indians in appearance I have everseen. The
average height of these fellows, is about six
feet three inches, and I remember one in parti-
cular, by whom the Kentuckian, Porter, would
appear a child.
These Indians arc a peaceable and harm-
less people, cultivating their small "patches"
of .corn, and living without coveting the Span-
ish ranches, or extending their wantsebeyond
the examples left by their fathers.
On the morning ofthe 25th of January, we
saw for the first time, the Pacific ocean. To
me, independent of the sublimo picture it pie-
sunted, spreading in its illimitable extent,
nbjhing could have been more 'gratifying ; it
wasjO. promise of rest from our long, long
pilgrimage, a 's$o days aftgr, we arrived at
thi3 place, San Diego, onthe 'shores ofthe
Pacific. I am npw writing, literally, under
the shadow of thePpg of civil and religious
liberty ; they ought, to. haytfaddgd territoii.il
to these other qealifications, for I think we are
taking more of tha$ liberty thau Mexico will
be willing to submit to.
We arrived in California the "day after the
fair," that is, two weeks after Gen: Kearny ;
and it was in that vvay we were picventcd
fiom being present at the fights.
Major Cloud and ra) self arc domesticated
or $7 at the end ot She yar?r
NO.29--YHOLENOj04J
quite comfortably together at thjs place, and
it is my hope to return in his pleasant compa.
ny ;' of this, however, I cannot, at present?
write any thing definitely. &cr &c. nJf
ST
The Fears in England of thi Progressof
the United Stales. The eduction ofthe city
of Vera Cruz, androfitsthitherto impregnable
citadel, the Castle of San Juan'd'Ulua, by tho
United States' forces, of' which we have -ceived
intelligence, merits a higher degree" of
attention than any ofour morning contempo-
raries have thought it necessary to bestow ot $
the event. We regard it as an event of th,-8
most serious interest to Europe generally, and
more particularly to this country m-event
immeasurably more important and interesting-
than the diplomatic ascendency in Greece or
the fate of the Civil War in Portugal, about
which so much is said and written. u
VfejLxe not informed ofthe fiircumsjtances .
'of tEe siege orassault by which meJUnifeo?
States' forces have made this most important;
acquisition ; for the "wretched system of ecb-
nomy that pervades all our public arrange-
ments, has restricted all our communication
from the United States to one packetmontlily
and it is by a pilot who boarded a Frenchj
packet in the channel, that we obtain intelli,
j gence of such momentous interest as there-
Suction, by our rivals, ofthe Gibraltar of -the
West. Ofthe fact, however, that Jera Grig
i and San Juan d'Ulua have fallenlnto thelanos
f ofthe United States there can bo no. doubt.--
i Vera Cruz is not in population a city of very
great consequence ; its situation beingunheafe
t thy, in a comparatively barren district, and its
.population rated at 16,000 personsvbyjtho
highest estimate ; but it is the great entrepot -,
ofthe tradeof Mexico, whatever that tradq
may amount to, and, with Tampico, its only'
commercial port.
We do not anticipate that the United States s
will succeed in the subjugation of Mexico or
charge them with tho folly of contemplating
that object. We believe that they have now ',
obtained the end ofall their desires; that in.
fact, the acquisition of Veradruz and itsim-
I pregnable castle has been from the first, the -
end ofall their military operations j and 'this
end they have obtained, whilst we have heen
rambling for adventures in the course oji
Athens. Lisbon and Madrid, or spinning"
schemes of political economy at home. Even
now, the " best public instructors," as they
are called, can see nothing in the acquisition
of an impregnable fortress on the South of the
Gulf of Mexico, answering to New Orleans
on the North, by a rival and not very friendly
power. As we have said, we know nothing''
ofthe circumstances ofthe acquisition, but as
only a few days can have been consumed hu
making it,, we must assume that so strong a
fortress as San Juan d'Ulua musthave been
obtained by the treachery or cowardice op
those who ought to have defended it a warn-
ing Jiow little chance there is of its ever beings
recovered by its late owners. No, the United
States will hold it to the last, as their Gibralter
ofthe West Indian seas, and wehall feel the t '
tonsejjHcnces. . r-CtaSB
It is nor, however, with reference to its uW
trinaic worth, or to Mexican commerce, that
this acquisition is valuable to' the United
States, or menacing to the interests of Europe,
and especially to the interests of England, id
is in the light of a military post that'we could K
wish our readers to l?ok to the fortress fo'
which our rivals have obtained possession.
San Juan d'Ulua, situated upon a rocky island
at a distance of eight hundred or one thousand?
yards from the shore, and strengthened with '
fortifications at the enormous cost of .8,000,-
000 sterling, is probably, the strongest for?
tress in the world ; it commands completely
the city and harbor of Vera Cruz, and, with.
New Orleans, will jjive to its masters thet
command ofthe wholeGulf of Mexico janclof
the Island of Cuba, which must fall as soon
as it shall suit the pleasure of the Northern ,
republic to seize upon it : and even whiletko.
.republicans may be good' enough to sparoV
Cuba, the possession of Vera Cnir wilpgiye'
mem the command ot the whole Westlndiaj
trade, an advantage, of which we must-dread
the effects in any future war, and whichV
therefore, will nof disincline the States toTseeIc,
a cause of quarrel. '
London St. James's Chronicle J
BE KIND TO EACH OTHER. S "
Be kind to each other, through weal and throngh. vroej
For there's many a sorrow for hearts here below ;jg3
Tho fctorms of this life beat around ua in,ivafn-jl 7Z
If we're kind to each other in pleasure amfpaln- -
Be kind to each other when life is all light, ' "
When music and mirth pleaso the ear of theuight ti
When pleasure spreads' roses in grandeur's gay hall;
lio kind to eacti other and fear not at all.
Bo kind to each, other in sorrow and grief,
jA-
' 1 u, sympathy only can give thee relief; j
Dividing our sorrow but lessons our pain, .
Bo kind to each other affliction is vain. t "
Be kind to each other when sickness has come, . '
Let nothing but smile ever visit your home ; "" f
Encourage and succor, and soothe the distress, '-
Be kind to each other and still thou art blces'd.
Be kind to each other through life to its. close-, ,
And when thou art freed from ita wishes and woea: .,
When freed from life's teara, from itasorrowB ancfsigusj'
Be kind to each other aud meet in the 6kies. t i v
The editor of the "Victoria Advocate, who constitu-
ted oue of the party recently employed on board the"
steamer Delta, in removin? obstructions in the nav
igation of tho Guadaloupe nver, between Victoria and
its mouth, annouces tho completion of the work, and
the arrival of the boat a Decrowns Point. A reef of
oyster shells, described as tho dividing Ime between '
San Antonio and Espirifo Santo bays, is represented
as the only remaining obstruction. At low tide there
is but two feot water at this point. The Advocate
says ,
Gapt- Decrow already has tho machinery ncces ary
for tho removal of thb reef, and proposes to do it nt an
early day. From the chain of Islands to tho Bayoa
at tho now town of Saluria the distance is lSmites
and tho Bay and Bayou of fino depth, for navigation.
Decrow's point is situated opposite Saluria, and distant
3 miles. Tlio whole distance from Victoria-fo De-
crow's Foint, according to tho moat reliable estimates
U something less than 125 mdes, and may easily bo
made by a Eteamer in 2 1 hours.
With all theso facts beforo us we are more sanguine
than ever as to the navigation of the Guadaloupe onH- ft
the bays into which it empties. . Let it therefore "bo
set down as a "fhed feet" that we are to have navi-
gation to Victoria the year round. J
Tho Delta is undergoing repairs, and will commenco
makiug trips in tho coury of a month or two. ":
A man by the name of Dowii3 was killed by another
named Triplett, in Gonzales, some two or three weeks
since. A correspondent of tho Victoria Advocate gives
tho following account of tho affair t
A difficulty arose between the persons named, at Sq,-
guin, two or thrco days beforo tho death of Downs.
Of the causo ofthe ill feeling manifested there by both
I know nothing. Upon enquiry I find that they met
on Thursday last in tho streets ofour town, that Downs
abused Tiiplett, and at Iat went so far as to knock
him down. Triplett, at tho time wa3 unarmed and
et
t
263
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Moore, Francis, Jr. Democratic Telegraph and Texas Register (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 12, No. 29, Ed. 1, Monday, July 19, 1847, newspaper, July 19, 1847; Houston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth48462/m1/1/: accessed July 6, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.