Utilizing Sulfur-Containing Petroleum. Page: 2 of 6
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UNTED'-.STATESPATENT OFFICE
CLABENCE L ROBINSON, OF WEST NEW BRIGHTON, NEW YOBK,. ASSIGNOR TO
STAND TD OIL COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF
NEW JERSEY.
UTILIZING SULFUR-CONTAINING PETROLEUM.1,018,374.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Feb. 20, 1912.
Original application filed August 21, 1903, Serial No. 170,327. Divided and this application filed March 21,
1907. Serial No. 363,712.To all whom' it may concern:
Be it known that I, CLARENCE I. RoBIN-
son, a citizen of the United States, residing
at West New Brighton, in the county of
5 Richmond and State of New York, have in-
vented certain new and useful Improvements
in Utilizing Sulfur-Containing Petroleum,
of which improvements the following is .a
specification.
10 This invention relates more particularly
to the utilization of 'a substantial 'part at
least of the sulfur content of such petroleum
as is obtained from the oil fields in the
State of Texas, near the town of Beaumont,
15 in Jefferson county. Said petroleum is here-
in referred to as Beaumont oil- or Beaumont
-petroleum for convenience of reference..
These designations are each intended to in-
elude oil of the same or substantially similar
20 character .wherever found or however ob-
tained..
For the purpose of this specification, such
substantial similarity, in character to the
oil obtained near Beaumont is sufficientlyy
25 shown for any crude oil by the fact that it
responds to each of the two following tests,
that is to say, first, the sulfur naturally
present therein is given off (in utilizable
proportion) in the form of hydrogen sulfid
30 when the crude oil is heated to between
about 3000 F. and about. 500' F., and, sec-'
ond, on distilling the . crude oil, with or
without cracking, and on collecting by itself
the fraction coming over between 2500 F.
35 and 600* F., more or less, the so collected.
distillate, after treatment with sulfuric acid
of 66 B. (in however large proportion) and
subsequent washing with water and caustic
soda lye (all in the known way) will smoke
40 badly when burned in the' ordinary petro-
leum (kerosene) lamps. There may, how-
ever, be petroleum -which is analogous to
Beaumont oil in responding to the first of
these tests; but which does not respond to
45 the second of them;' and which consequently
is n6t Beaumontt petroleum as above defined.
The invention extends to the utilization of
such analogous petroleum as well as of that
which is substantially similar to the oil
s0 which is obtained near Beaumont, in Texas,
in. respect to both of . the characteristics
herein above mentioned.
8o far as I am :aware, naturally present
sulfur has never been recovered in utilizable,form from any crude petroleum, although it 5
has long been known to be a common con-
stituent. of petroleum and to exist in con-
siderable proportion in some varieties, as
in the oil from the Lima, Ohio, and Ontario,
Canada, fields, for example. .The crude oil 60
from the Pennsylvania .fields is nearly free
from it. Beaumont crude oil contains, ac-
cording to my experience, between one and
two per cent of sulfur. - The sulfur in Lima
or Canadian oil'is not utilizable as I have 65
found that of Beaumont petroleum to be.
In distilling the former the quantity of sul-
fur in the still gases is too small to ,be of
use; and it is besides evolved at such times
and in such .manner that it would be im- 70
practicable to utilize it were the- quantity
sufficient.
The utilizable sulfur in Beaumont petro-
leum I believe toexist therein -in elementary
state and to fo'? n hydrogen sulfid by its 75
combination at comparatively low tempera-
Lures with hydrogen of hydrocarbons, which
are partially decomposed by the sulfur at
such temperatures. This. hydrogen sulfid
comes off, as I have discovered, in large vol- 80
ume during a short period and in such man-
ner that. it can be controlled without inter-
fering with the running of the still. Some
hydrogen sulfid is given off at all times in
distilling crude Beaumont petroleum; but 85
'what is evolved at other 'times is not utiliz-
able as I have found that which comes off
during said short period to be.
In accordance with the present invention
Beaumont or analogous oil is heated in a 90
suitable still gradually 'to about 500 F.,
more 'or less, and the sulfur-containing gas
which is given off during such rise of tem-
perature (all, or part, as may be deter-
mined) is collected, conveyed away and oxi- 95
dized to form sulfuric acid. This oxidation
is effected, first, by combustion in hydrogen
sulfid burners, and, second, by subjection.in
lead chambers or contact apparatus to the
agencies- necessary to convert sulfur dixid 100
into sulfuric acid. In this conversion, when
it is accomplished in the lead chambers, the
sulfur trioxid unites with water to form
chamber acid which. can then be concen-
trated in any known or suitable way. Should 105
the conversion be accomplished in contact
apparatus, the sulfur trioxid may remain
free as sulfuric anhydrid (which. is regarded
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Robinson, Clarence I. Utilizing Sulfur-Containing Petroleum., patent, February 20, 1912; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth508508/m1/2/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.