Pop-Valve For Kilns. Page: 3 of 4
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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
LA FAYETTE MOORE, OF SHERMAN, TEXAS.
POP-VALVE FOR KILNS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 635,572, dated October 24, 1899.
Application filed December 24, 1898. Serial No, 700,213. (No model,)To all whom r t 7n ay concern.
Be it known that I, LA FAYETTE MOORE, a
citizen of the United States of America, resid-
ing at Sherman, in the county of Grayson and
5 State of Texas, have invented certain new and
useful Improvements in Pop-Valves forKilns,
of which the following is a specification.
My invent ion relates to an improvement in
pop-valves for kilns, the object being to pro-
1o vide a construction of the character named
which may be applied to any variety of kiln
now in use.
A further object is to provide a device which
will operate automatically by vapor-pressure,
15 so that any excess of moisture created dur-
ing the curi ng process is allowed to escape ac-
cording to the expansion and pressure in the
kiln-room.
A further object is to greatly diminish the
20 cost of kilns to the user by dispensing with the
elaborate paraphernalia heretofore deemed
indispensable, such as inlets and outlets and
downtakes at the base of the kiln.
A still further object is to provide means
25 for keeping the material, as lumber, being
treated wet until heated through, thus en-
abling the drying of the stock evenly by first
forcing and expelling the moisture contained
in the material and drying from the center
30 outward gradually until all the moisture or
sap is forced from the stock through the open
pores by heat and expansion, the pores being
kept open the while by heavy vapor that can-
not escape except by pressure through the
35 valves which constitute a part of the present
invention and which are located at or near
the upper portion of the kiln-room.
The amount of water contained in every
square foot of green lumber averages from
40 one and three-fourths to two and one-fourth
pounds. By applying heat in a kiln contain-
ing green stock the lumber is kept wet until
heated through. This I accomplish by means
of my pop-valve, which is constructed to af-
45 ford the only means of escape from the kiln-
room, and this escape is effected only by the
steam-pressure through the pop-valve, which
results automatically from the steam formed
and pressure created by heating the sap to
50 the boiling-point, the stock in this way being
kept in a steam-bath or vapor which is forced
from the lumber by the high degree of heat.It has been demonstrated that with opert-
ings to kilns and outlets for moisture to es-
cape freely a sufficient amount of moisture 55
has not been retained in the kiln-room to keep
the surface of the stock wet enough to pre-
vent the surface pores from closing, espe-
cially on oak and hard wood, where the stock
is subject to 2000 of heat and rapid drying is 6o
required. The consequence is that the stock
becomes case-hardened before it is thoroughly
heated through, after which the sap or water
near the center begins to expand, and in being
forced by expansion it finds escape through 65
the surface of the stock, leaving checks and
split openings on the face of the stock after
being dried. It is the object of my present
invention to obviate these objections, and it
is done by the use of my improvements, which 70
have in view the use of a perfectly tight kiln,
or at least as tight as practicable, and pro-
viding it with a flap-valve which is operated
by the created pressure within to automatic-
ally relieve the excess of pressure. As I con- 75
struct this valve so that the temperature must
rise to a predetermined point before it will op-
erate, my purposes are readily accomplished.
The temperature is allowed to reach as high
as from 200 to 2200 of heat at the outset, and 8o
as 212 is boiling-point the moisture in the
stock to be dried soon begins to expand after
being heated. The kiln being as tight as
possible, the pressure soon raises the flap
valve or valves and the moisture escapes ac- 85
cording to the pressure in the kiln,. and the
consequence is that the stock is evenly heated,
the risk of fire and combustion is avoided,
and case-hardening, checking, and defects
resulting from not retaining sufficient mois- 90
ture during the drying process are avoided.
With the above objects in view my inven-
tion consists in certain novel features of con-
struction and combinations of parts, which
will be hereinafter more fully described, and 95
particularly pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is
a vertical longitudinal section of a kiln, show-
ing my improved flap-valve. Fig. 2 is a trans-
verse sectional view, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged ioo
detail view, of one of the valves.
A represents the kiln. This may be of any
variety of construction, and I do not wish to
be confined to any particular design of kiln,
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Moore, La Fayette. Pop-Valve For Kilns., patent, October 24, 1899; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth514391/m1/3/: accessed June 22, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.