Wrench Page: 3 of 4
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Patented May 16,1905.
UNITED
STATES
PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS J. BALDWIN, OF BEAUMONT, TEXAS.
WRENCH.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 790,168, dated May 16, 1905. .
Application filed March 13, 1903. Serial No. 147,596.To all whoa it 7Thmay concern,:
Be it known that I, THoMAS J. BALDWIN, a
citizen of the United States, residing at Beau-
mont, in the county of Jefferson, State of
5 Texas, have invented certain new and useful
Improvements in Wrenches; and I do hereby
declare the following to be a full, clear, and ex-
act description of the invention, such as will
enable others skilled in the art to which it ap-
xo .pertains to make and use the same.
This invention relates to ratchet-wrenches;
and it has for its object to provide an article
of manufacture which will consist of a mini-
mum number of parts having such construc-
15 tions and relative arrangements as will per-
mit of manufacture of the wrench at a low
price and will insure efficiency of operation
at all times, a further object of the invention
being to provide a construction from which
20 the worn parts may be easily and quickly re-
moved for substitution of new parts.
An additional object of the invention is to
provide a simple style of wrench which may
be used upon nuts or bolts of different diame-
25 ters. -
In the drawings forming a portion of this
specification, and in which like numerals of
reference indicate similar parts in the several
views, Figure 1 is a top plan view of a wrench.
30 Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken hori-.
zontally through the wrench.. Fig. 3 is a lon-
gitudinal section taken vertically through the
wrench. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig.- 1,
showing a second form of the invention.
35 Referring now to the drawings, the, present
wrench includes a handle portion 5, having
an enlarged head 6 at one end, and through
which head, at right angles to what may be
termed the "upper flat face" .7 of the head
40 is formed a cylindrical passage 8, at one end
of which is formed the inwardly - directed
flange 9.
In connection with the handle and head of
the wrench above described there is employed
45 a ratchet - wheel 9', having the reduced end
portions 10 and 11, and this ratchet-wheel is
disposed rotatably in the cylindrical passage
or socket 8 of the head 6, one end of the
ratchet-wheel resting against the flange 9,
5o while the opposite end of the ratchet-wheellies slightly inwardly beyond the opposite
face 7 of the head. The reduced end portion
11 of the ratchet-wheel fits snugly and rota-
tably within the enclosure of the flange 9,
while the opposite reduced end portion, 10, 55
projects outwardly beyond the face 7 and is
encircled by a flat ring 12, having.a radiating
lug 13, through which is passed a screw 14
into.the head of the wrench, at the side of the
socket 8 thereof. This ring is adapted to be 6c
swung into and out of position when the
screw is loosened, and to hold the ring against
rotation upon the screw pins 14 are mounted
in the head in position to enter perforations
15 through the ring when the ring is clamped 65
against the head by tightening up the screw.
In the side of' the head 6 is a recess 16,
which communicates at one end with the socket
8, the opposite end of the recess, which is in
the direction of the handle of the wrench, be- 70
ing closed and rounded, as shown at 17, and
in this recess is fitted loosely a pawl 18, hav-
ing an enlarged rounded end 19, which lies
in the rounded end of the recess 16 and is
adapted to oscillate therein, so that the oppo- 75
site end of the pawl may rise and fall as the
ratchet-wheel is rotated in the socket 8 in one
direction, it being understood that the pawl
prevents reverse rotation of the ratchet-wheel.
To hold the pawl yieldably in engaging po- 8o
sition, a retaining spring-plate 19 is employed
and is mounted pivotally at one end between
the enlarged end of the pawl and the handle
of the wrench, said spring-plate having a re-
duced finger 20, which projects at right angles 85
to the free end of the spring-plate and engages
over the free end of the pawl, this finger serv-
ing to hold the pawl with its enlarged end in
the corresponding end of the socket, so that
the pawl will not move from its proper place 90
and there will be no lost motion. A notch 22
is formed in the end of the recess 16 to receive
the finger of the spring-plate.
The ratchet - wheel is designed to engage
with the nut, bolt, or screw that is to be op- 95
crated upon, and for this purpose said ratchet-
wheel is. provided with a passage 23, which
extends from end to end thereof and is angu-
lar in cross-section to fit the body, it being'
understood that in the operation of the wrench 100No. 790,168. ~
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Baldwin, Thomas J. Wrench, patent, May 16, 1905; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth514545/m1/3/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.