Sweetwater Reporter (Sweetwater, Tex.), Vol. 53, No. 178, Ed. 1 Friday, July 28, 1950 Page: 1 of 8
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Station KXOX
Your Nowa and Plaaaurr
SUtion
1M0 Oo Your Dial
Sweetwater Reporter
The Woodier
63rd Year
,90 MOpO* Uniud Pnm Win knM
SWEETWATER, TEXAS, FRIDAY, JULY 28, 1950
NEA T»1t|tou iMrvtea
Number 179
What Soviet
Surprise Is
Coming Up?
By BRUCE W. MUNN
* LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y., July 28 (UP) — Diplomats
w speculated today that Russia’s decision to end its boycott)
of the United Nations may be for any of five reasons, in-
cluding possible new plans for aggression by the Kremlin.
Chief Soviet delegate Jacob A. Malik informed secre-
tary-general Trygve Lie late yesterday that he would as-!
sume the council presidency in his regular turn next month
and called a meeting for next Tuesday. He said the agenda
'will be communicated later.
• S. bombers blast Red
supply ond transport
centers regulorly
North Korean Reds attacked
South Korea June 25
^Decision is
Near In U. S.
Korea Stand
By HARRY FERGUSON
UP Foreign News Editor
vJ Today and tomorrow are the
days of decision in Korea.
The biggest battle of the war
is under way. it may go on for
another 21 hours or longer anti
when it’s over the American
commander will know whether
they can hang on or whether
they had better start assembling
shipping for a Dunkirk evacua-
tion of the port of Pusan.
"The enemy seeks a decision,”
(A a spokesman at Gen Douglas
v Mac Art bur’s headquarters said.
"He will do anything at all at
this time for a break through.”
Every dispatch from the front
indicates the American position
is critical. What Ihe American
commanders in Korea are trying
to do is to keep their position
front changing from critical to
desperate.
We now hold a beach head eon-
„ sisting of roughly one-fifth of
(9 the territory in the Korean pen-
insula. Our forces are outnum-
bered by a ratio of four to one.
The Communists opened their of-
fensive in the tain which means
that the United Nations were de-
prived of the one weapon in
which they have absolute super-
iority-planes.
The Communists have attack-
ed with some 45.000 men, and
have made an end run around
the American left flank to a
if south coastal highway that runs
straight into Pusan. At last re-
ports the Reds were some 50
miles from Pusan with a force of
about 1,000 men equipped with
tanks and artillery. The Ameri-
cans. hard pressed in the center
of their line, are going to have
to do somthing quickly about
that flankling force before Red
reinforcements change it from a
big raiding party into an army.
We now have a semi-circular
Jl line protecting Pusan, but it is a
thin line. If it cracks seriously
at any point, the Communists
can pour through the breach,
get in behind our troops and
start isolating comparatively
small units. Then there will be
not one "lost battalion” of Amer-
icans, but a dozen or so.
One of our difficulties in this
war is that we have never been
able to organize what soldiers
* call “defense in depth.” We
Gr See DECISION On Page Eight
4-H Rodeo To Be
Staged Saturday
Night At Roby
ROBY — The first annual 4-
H rodeo for boys and girls from
^ 14 to 18 will be held here Sat-
* urdav night, July 29, at the
Fisher County Fair and Rodeo
grounds.
The performance will begin
at 7 p. m., preceded by a street
parade. The parade is open to
ail who wish to enter, the pro-
cession being entirely for riders.
Entries in the rodeo can be
made with Luther Wilson, coun-
ty agent, up to 3 p. m. Saturday.
Contests include: calf roping,
* bull riding, ribbon races, clov-
” er leaf barrel races and other
events.
Proceeds from the rodeo will
be used for 4-H club work in
Fisher County.
Diplomats speculated that the
Russians may have returned for
any one of these five reasons:
i They may be planning new
aggression against Iran, West
Germany or Yugoslavia and
want to be on hand to veto any
UN military sanctions.
2. They may agree to media-
tion of the Korean war.
3. They may denounce Amer-
ican intervention in Korea and
hope to obstruct the UN's efj
forts to drive back the Red Ko-
reans.
4. They mav hope to unseat
the Nationalist China delegate
and pave the way for installing
communist China on the coun-
cil
5. They may be ready to ac-
cept their diplomatic defeat
over Korea as gracefully as pos-
sible.
The unexpected notification
that Russia would break its 29-
week-old boycott of the L'N was
telephoned to Lie's office per
sonallv by Malik in an excited
voice. It was believed the de-
cision had been taken person-
ally by Premier Josef Stalin.
Lights burned at the Park
Avenue headquarters of the
Soviet delegation in New York
until nearly midnight — the
first time the Russians have
kept such late office hours since
they began their boycott of the
UN.
Arne Sunde, of Norway, pres-
ident of the council for July, an-
nounced that today’s meeting,
called ostensibly to discuss last
week’s report of Gen. Douglas
MacArthur’s unified UN com-
mand in Korea, would go on as
scheduled (at 10:30 a. m. EDTl.
The council had been expected
to take steps if Malik had stay-
ed away during his scheduled
term as president under the
monthly alphabetical rotation
system.
Malik was absent as Sfinde
played host at the monthly pres-
idential dinner for the Security
Council at his New York (Grac-
ie Square) apartment last night.
The Soviet chief sent regrets
and none of his delegation show-
ed up.
Malik’s announcement caught
w'estern delegations by sur-
prise.
A spokesman for the Amer-
ican delegation said:
"We never liked the boycott
to liegin with and if this means
it is over, that’s fine with us.
We have no information as to
what to expect when Mr. Ma-
lik returns.”
No one in official quarters
even pretended to know any-
thing definite about why Rus-
sia suddenly decided to return
to its place at the UN confer-
ence table without first get-
ting a seat for the Chinese
communists — the reason the
See SOVIET On Page Eight
KOREA
kTdj
Suwon, U. S. military head-
quarters, falls July 4.
Chungju falls July if]
Kum River defense line
formed above provisional
capital of Taejon.
Red held Yongdok wiped
out by American British
cruisers, July 20.
First U. S. amphibious
landing made by First
Cavulry Division at Pahang,
July 18
Tutbek Mountain defense
line from which counterattack
might be launched
First U. S. ground troops
arrive June 30 at Pusan,
vital supply port
MILES
0 25
Communists TVying
To Push U. S. Out
9 Divisions Striking
For Showdown Blow Now
By United Press
The communists threw their heaviest punch today in
what probably was the showdown battle for Korea
Gen. Douglas MacArthur reported the massed com-
munist infantry and artillery maintained "heavy pressure”
all along the front in an all-out effort to drive the Americans
out of Korea.
The Americans and South Koreans generally were
holding. But on the south end of the battle line, the com-
munists thrust within 55 miles of the American base port of
j Pusan, and on the central front SOU enemy troops drove
a wedge between U. S. and South Korean forces.
MacArthur said in his mid- j "
night communique that his i already on the way, reach the
{troops were “holding firm” and j front. ‘
trying to close the breach. Northeast of Yongdong, weary
Savage Fighting Negro GI’s of the 25th infantry
The big communist drive was division were holding their
against the 1st cavalry division {ground despite two days of con-
positions southeast of Yongdong stunt attack by waves of fanatic
The dismounted cavalrymen j communist troops
gave some ground but were
AFTER ONE MONTH OF WAR—Hard-driving North Korean troops over ran two-thirds
of the territory of South Korea in the first niontli of war. The Newsman above shows high
points of the action which began with a Cominunist strike across the 38th parallel on June
25. As the war enters its second month, the major question is whether the hard-pressed Ameri-
can and South Korean forces can hold a defensive position around the vital Busan supply port
long enough for reinforcements to arrive and give enough power to launch a counterattack.
Draft Total Hiked
To Build Up Army
Two Drivers
iFind Courts
Very Firm
re-
ported holding on in “savage”
fighting.
The main communist effort
! was along the Taejon-Kumchon
axis as the invaders attempted
! to complete the conquest of
j South Korea before American
reinforcements can arrive.
The c o m m u n is t "flying
column” on the south coast
threw U. S. defense forces back
j 20 miles during the day. On the
main battlefront. below Yong-
dong, American forces fell back
as much as five miles.
A spokesman for Gen. Doug-
lias MacArthur estimated that
the Reds had thrown up to 45,-
000 men into the battle, hoping
| for quick victory.
"The enemy seeks a decision,”
j the spokesman said.
WASHINGTON, July 28 ilJ PI—Military Jeadei^op^l - A reckless* driver was fined-the spokesman said. "He will do
today that trieir now draft call would spui voluntaiy enlist- ($25 in polite court Thursday and |anvthing at all this time for a
merits. a "speeder” drew a $5 fine.
They saitl enlistments have increased substantially A)so jn corporation court, six
since (he outbreak of the Korean war, hut still are “not J pacing violators paid si tin*-
enough” to meet the manpower needs of the expanding l)lie defendant was fined
Mobilization
In Full Now
Gets Backing
WASHINGTON, July 28 (UP)
—Congressional sentiment ap-
peared to be growing today for
Bernard M Baruch's program of
complete economic mobilization
now.
Senate Democratic leader
Scott W. Lucas 111., predicted
the plan would receive consid-
erable support. He said such
Baruch proposals as price con-
trols and rationing are bound to
come if people continue hoard-
ing and scarce buving.
One powerful Democrat—Sen.
Richard B. Russell, D . Ga.,—al-
ready has announced that he
plan's to back Baruch.
The house banking committee
defeated the Baruch proposal
yesterday, but only by a narrow
10 to 9 vote. It then approved
President Truman's request for
limited emergency controls, in-
cluding priorities and allocations
authority, power to requisition
materials and facilities for na-
tional defense and lending
power to spur production.
Rep. John C. Kunkel, R., Pa.,
promised to offer the Baruch
plan as a substitute when the ad-
ministration bill reaches the
house floor next week
Elsewhere in Congress:
In fairly clear weather yester- Taxes—Chairman Walter F.
.day, B-26 and B-29 bombers George, D Ga., of the senate fin-
j dumped 200 tons of demolition anee committee suggested a
bombs on key [Joints in the com ••sensible" renegotiation law ia-
The Reds were paying a high
price for every foot of ground
they gained. Front-line reports
estimated that the artillery of
the 1st cavalry and 25th infan-
try divisions killed or wounded
1,600 to 2,000 communists in yes-
terday's fighting alone.
The big guns were firing prox-
imity-fused shells which burst
in the air and showered the
enemy with a blazing rain of
white phosphorus.
Weather Rad
Bad weather today hampered
U. S. air activity, but the eight-
inch guns of the U. S. navy were
aiding U. S. attackers on the
east coast.
armed forces.
The Defense Department yes-
terday asked Selective Service
to furnish 100,000 men in Sep
tember and October, 50,000 in
each month. The total includes
the 20.000 men originally called
on July 10.
All of the men will go into
the army. They will be used to
build up to full strength the 10
regular army divisions as well
as any reserve or National
Guard units that may be call-
led to duty.
The army gave no indication
of the number of draftees ii
will need after October.
The expanded draft call high-
lighted a hectic day in the ad-
ministration's drive to put the
army, navy, air force and ma-
rines at full strength.
There were these other de-
velopments:
President Truman signed leg-
islation extending all enlist
merits for another year.
Chairman Carl Vinson. D. Ga.,
of the House Armed Services
Committee disclosed that the air
force plans to expand from its
present IS groups to 58 groups
in one year and to 69 groups by
I January, 1953. He said it also
add 136.000 men to its
548,311 manpower to-
plans I
present
tal.
The army extended all over-
seas tours of duty for six mon-
ths, except in the Far East
where General Douglas Mac-
Arthur has arbitrary authority
to retain his troops as long as
necessary.
The Defense Department an-
nounced it would need an addi-
tional 236.978 civilian workers
to carry out Mr. Trumans $10,-
500,000,()()() mobilization pro-
gram.
The Maritime Administration
ordered 30 more victory ships
out of its mothball fleet, bring-
ing to 65 ihe number of cargo
vessels to be activated in the
present emergency.
The Defense Department ask-
ed Congress to pass legislation
authorizing dependency allow-
ances of $75 a month to wives
of enlisted men, plus an addit-
tional $25 a month for each
child.
The Navy and the Air Force
have not as yet made any calls
ill on Selective Service. They
are still trying to meet their
new requirements only with
volunteer specialists and train
ed veteran
for no operator’s license.
Police officers investigated
two minor car accidents Thurs
day.
$272 Fine!
A man was fined $272.10 in
county court litis morning orr
charges of driving while intoxi-
cated.
County Judge Neeley Reeves
assessed the fine after the de-
fendant pleadeil guilty. Police
officers made the arrest last
night and transfer-red the man
to sheriff's officer's for county
action.
CAUSEWAY BURNS
CORPUS CHRISTI. July 28,
(UP) — Five of undetermined
origin today wiped out nearly
one-half- mile of a two-mile long
S o u t h e r n Pacific railroad
causeway across Nueces Bay
north of the city and three
hours after it was discovered
firemen still were fighting the
blaze.
No one was injured.
breakthrough.
Wait For Help
lie said the situation may get
worse before it gets better, but
saitl he was sure tire Americans
would be able to hold a beach-
head irr Korea until fresh troops,
munications network which
feeds supplies to the Reds at the
front.
Allied fighter planes destroyed
four tanks, 46 vehicles, and five
warehouses in yesterday’s at-
tacks. Six more tanks and 43
other vehicles were reported
damaged by the air raiders.
Army Manpower Will Reach
834,000, Vinson Reports
WASHINGTON, July 28 (UP)
Chairman Carl Vinson of the
House Armed Services Commit-
tee said today the army will
boost its strength as fast as
possible to 834,000 men an in-
i crease of 240,000.
In addition the army will
spend SI,651,943,160 extra
over and above its present ap-
propriations on new tanks,
guns, and weapons of every
kind, Vinson said.
The big army manpower goal
strength, however, will include
undisclosed numbers of re-
serves and National Guardsmen.
So no draft total as large as 240,-
000 is now in prospect.
The army now stands at
about 594.000 men. A strength
of 630,000 men is authorized by
present appropriations. The appropriation bill.
stead of more taxes to combat
war profiteering. He opposed
excess profits and corporation
income levies because they
would discourage business and
slow down production.
Fight—Republican and Demo-
crats accused each other of fol-
lowing policies that brought on
the Korean war. Chairman Mi-
chael J. Kirwan, O., of the Demo-
cratic National Congressional
committee said GOP ‘‘obstruc-
tion’' to Korean aid amounted
!o ‘'an open invitation" to Red
aggression. Chairman Leonard
W. Hall. R . N Y„ of the GOP
congressional campaign commit-
tee said the administration “in-
vited” communist attacks by
condoning communist aggres-
sion in Asia for five years.
Spending—Sen Paul H Doug-
las, D.. Ill >uid he would try
to trim $850.000.000 from the
$32,504,000,000 single package
The Illinois
pointed up yesterday’s draft call | Vinson said present plans
for 100,000 men and made it call for reactivation of only two
apparent that more draft calls military camps to take care of
are in the offing. the extra men. They are Fort
The increase in army
legal ceiling -to be wiped out by senator said he would introduce
pending legislation is 837,- an amendment to cut the bdl as
000 men. But the army expan- soon as the senate completes ac
sion now planned will not quite
reach that ceiling.
Vinson said present
Lyndon Johnson Heads Arms Hearing Tonight
Services Watchdog Body On Zoning New
East Ridge Area
County Political
Conventions Set
Saturday 2 P. M.
The Nolan County Democratic
Convention and the County Re-
publican conventions will be held
here Saturday at 2 p. m. at the
court house.
The sessions will elect chair-
man and officers, delegates to
the state conventions and adopt
resolutions. Conventions are
open to the public but only duty
efttted delegates from precinct
conventions may vote.
WASHINGTON, July 28 (UP)
—Lyndon B. Johnson, freshman
Senator from Texas, today step-
ped on the same springboard
that catapulted Harry S. Tru-
man into the White House.
The soft-voiced, slow-talking
Johnson was named chairman of
the Senate Armed Services
Watchdog" Committee. He will
have the job Of keeping a con-
stant check on the Korean war
and the rearmament program.
The appointment was an-
nounced late yesterday by Com-
mittee Chairman Millard E.
Tydings, D., Md. He assigned
six other Senators to the sub-
committee and told Johnson
(hat the full committee's pro-
fessional staff was at his dis-
posal.
Tydings recalled that the
Senate War Investigating Com-
mittee of World War II was
headed by the then Senator Tru-
man. It was that investigation
which brought Mr. Truman into
the national limelight and led to
his nomination and election as
vice president.
"The need for this committee
is greater today than at any
time since it was created,” Tyd-
ings said.
Others named on the Johnson
subcommittee are Sens. Virgil
Chapman, D., Ky., Estes Kefau-
ver, L)., Tenn.; Lester C. Hunt,
IX, Wyo.; Styles Bridges, R., N.
II.; Level ett Saltonstall, R.,
Mass.; and Wayne Morse, R..
Ore.
Johnson told reporters the
group will be a "working com-
mittee” with plenty to do. He
said its jurisdiction is practical-
ly unlimited and “covers every-
thing tiie military establishment
does.”
"Each member appointed to
this committee has been warn-
Set for 7:30 tonight in the city
eommi.-sion room at the City
Hall i a public heating on tin
zoning "i the new East Ridge
Monticello additions to the City
i.l Sweetwater.
The hearing is called hv the
City Plan Zoning Commission
with llez Hawley Jr., as chair
man.
After this hearing. Hawley
said, the plan-zoning com
mission will make its recommen-
dations to tho city commission,
which will, in turn, hold another
public hearing on the matter lin-
ed that it will take priority over i lore passing on it.
all work,” he said. "Winning "We urge all interested per
the war is the most important sons to come to the meeting to
matter before the United States night and be heard,” Hawley
Congress.” j sa'li Friday morning.
Johnson said he will call the MARKETS AT A GLANCE
members together early next Pr„,
week to get their ideas. The first stocks higher in moderate
hearings, he said, will be gener-1 trading,
al with Ihe secretaries of the Bonds irregular,
army, navy and air force as u. S. government bonds stea-
witnesses.
The principal job, he contin-
ued, probably will be to find and
break bottlenecks. He added he
has “some ideas about those bot-
tlenecks. He added lie has
tlenecks but I don't want to go
into them just yet.”
dy in quiet trading.
Curb stocks irregularly high-
er.
Midwest stocks higher.
Colton ifutures lower.
Grains in Chicago: Wheat,
corn, oats, rye and soy bean
futures irregular,
tion on the amendments of its
appropriations committee.
Costs For Fully
Preparing Nation
Would Be Huge
WASHINGTON, July 28, —
il'P) — The cost of re-arming
to fight the Soviet Union if
necessary is beginning to come
out of the fog here.
Defense costs alone for the
Jackson, S. C., and Camp Breek-
enridge , Ky. Reactivation of
both camps already has been
announced by the defense de-
partment.
Tiie army testimony complet-
ed a dosed-door accounting by!
army, navy, marine corps, and
air force of their plans to spend next f,s(.ai year (starting July
a total of 810,517,000,000 extra j 1951, wjji i*. about $35,000.-
for a buildup of military power. {000,000 if we go all out for pre-
Vinson's disclosures showed {paredness if non-defense spend-
that the services together will
boost manpower by about 642.-
000 men—to a total of 2,070.000
men. Present manpower is about
1,428,000 men, according to
ing continues at its present
pace that would add up to an
overall budget of just more
than $59,000,000,000.
During the succeeding year
or so defense cost.- are sche-
duled to rise to $40,000,000,000
01 even $50,000,000,000. There
would have to he huge cut-
backs in non-defense spending
to avoid enormous tax increas-
es then.
if the non-defense economies
are not enforced tax revenue
grounds to sav how manv tanks ; "*U have to be hiked more than
. ------ I:>o per cent to keei> the treasury
books balanced — assuming
that is Mr. Truman's intention.
. . . , The President already has
the number or types of divisions asked f01. ., quU,kle .000,000.-
into which the new army will be 1KKI lax lxK,st He win propose
divided. another big hike after the elec-
One gun understood to figure tions. If he gets no more than
heavily in the army purchases the first $5,000,000,000. the trea-
is a new 105-millimeter recoil-1 sury will be in the red for about
less rifle, a sample of which : $16,000,000,000 in the next fiscal
was hauled into the committee year at ihe projected rate of
room today for display to mem- spending lor defense.
Vinson’s figures.
Vinson disclosed the army’s
manpower goals after Gen. J.
Lawton Collins, chief of staff,
testified before the committee
during almost four hours of ex-
ecutive session.
Vinson declined, on security
or what type guns were included
in the army's buying plans. He
said he could not discuss either
IT’S ON THE BAG—Hoarders will be marked men if they
ran afoul of Ernest L. Murphy’s one-man. anti-hoarding cam-
paign. Murphy's plan, proposed in Detroit, Mich., is to make
the hoarder carry his goods in a specially-marked shopping
bag, similar to the one above. This, thinks Murphy, would
keep stores from being sacked by war-scared buyers.
bers.
Army spokesmen and com-
mittee members declined to talk
about the new gun or say what
its special capabilities are. It
was described as a general pur-
poses artillery weapon.
Military leaders hoped that
their draft call yesterday would
spur voluntary enlistments.
A $50,000,000,000 National De-
fense budget on top of the non-
defense budget would make
government costs in a year or
so nearly $80,000,000,000 The
World War II high—in 1945—
was $89,700,000,000.
All of these are the figures
of responsible officials who
know what they are talking
about in terms of defense costs.
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Baker, Allen. Sweetwater Reporter (Sweetwater, Tex.), Vol. 53, No. 178, Ed. 1 Friday, July 28, 1950, newspaper, July 28, 1950; Sweetwater, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth750251/m1/1/: accessed July 13, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Sweetwater/Nolan County City-County Library.