The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 3423, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 14, 1912 Page: 3 of 4
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ROAD and FARM
IMPROVEMENT
IHI
MAKING SMOKE HOUSE SAFE
Danger of Burning Building Elim-
inated by Use of Old Stove Con-
nected by Pipe Outside.
(By J. G. WOODWORTH.)
It is often the case when building a
fire in the smoke house that the fire
will burn up too high and catch the
meat, sometimes the flames catching
the -house, and as a consequence
buildings may be destroyed.
Oftentimes the heat is such that the
•meat is partially cooked or heated to
\ such an extent that it sweats and soon
jjoses its flavor, becoming strong and
A Smoke House Stove.
mfit for table use. This may be all
overcome by ,the use of an old stove,
ane that is hardly fit for use in the
louse, for heating purposes.
Make a hole that will accommodate
jdie size of pipe you happen to have
iqar tile floor of the meat house; set
the stove five or six feet from the
louse, that there may be used three
|oints of pipe. This will permit the
smoke to cool sufficiently, wl^ch will
?ive the meat a fine flavor.
It would be better to spend two or
|hree dollars for a stove than to run
great risk in building a fire in the
aoke house.
.LING GRANARY NOW EASY
irrners Save Much Valuable Time
by Using Portable Elevators in
Storing Their Crops.
farmers nowadays are -too busy
and their time is too valuable to load
corn into the granary by shovels,
lis work is now done by portable
^vators with conveyors for deliver-
grain into the farthermost corner
Filling the Granary.
iarn, crib or granary, and distrib-
ag ear corn or small grain at vari-
places in the length of the build-
The discharge spout can be
Peed at different points, and will dis-
Vrge on either side of the conveyor.
Plow Early.
plow the land as early as possible.
'■ make it still better, disk the land
or three weeks before plowing,
disking makes a better seedbed,
the stubble is mixed with the soil,
fcie disking also buries weed seed
id grain, which makes them germi-
ite and the plowing kills them,
irly fall plowing will, as a rule,
ike a better crop than spring plow-
and especially so if the land was
pd first. Then again, there is too
time in the spring to do the
[lowing then.
WHERE GOOD ROADS BENEFIT
Case Cited Where' It Cost- Farnv.«5r
Much Time arid Money to Deliver
Small Lo.ad of Apples.
Recently my man went to the coun*
ty seat to deliver 25 bushels of apples.
The. mud was so deep that the team
was repeatedly stopped to wind on
level stretches and on many hills ji
brake was not necessary, writes D. H.
Watts in the New England Homestead.
The time required to make the round
trip of 32 miles was 13 hours, not
counting the time used feeding the
team and in unloading. Much less
time and scarcely any wear and tear
of team, wagon and harness would
have delivered 75 bushels on a mao
adam-or a brick road bed.
If man and team are worth $4 a
day, and they are, then we lost $8
, earning capacity that day aiid worked
very hard 13 hours (more than a day
and a half, by eight-hour day system)
to earn a day’s wages. The gigantic
question is not, do good roads cost
too much, but how much more do,
bad roads cost us? Let every farmer
be a committee of one to figure oh
road profits and losses. The postof-
fiee department and many others might
well participate. The consumer of
farm products is a sufferer also, as
because of these ill-kept roads his , sup-
ply comes inadequately at times, vand
again so as to demoralize the market.
It is true that difficult transportation
invariably means higher prices at tho
consumer’s door.
BEST TYPE OF CATTLE TO SUIT FARMER
DEVICE FOR WEIGHING GRAIN
Arranged to Work Automatically,
Registering Total yVeight of
Grain Passing Through.
The Scientific American In vdescrib-
ing an automatic grain weigher,, the
invention of E, L. Adams of Edgar,
Neb., says:
This device Is operated automatical-
■■■■iBii
Devons Are Excellent General Purpose Animals.
TRY TO DO TOO MUCH
ERROR MOST WOMEN MAKE
WHEN HOUSE CLEANING.
V.
Automatic Grain Weigher.
ly by the weight of grain it receives.
It comprises a hollow vessel with an
inlet at one end and an outlet at the
other, and comprising means by which
grain can enter the vessel until its
limit of capacity is reached. Means
also provide for the automatic dis-
charge of the grain, and it passes
Continuously into the receiving vessel
at one end and is delivered at the oth-
er, being retained long enough to
actuate the mechanism which controls
the outlet, and to register the time the
outlet mechanism is actuated in this
way, so as to indicate the measure of
the total quantity of grain passing
through the weigher. A side view of
the device is Shown In the illustration.
The importation of cattle from for-
eign countries the last |ew years has
seemed to run more to special beef
breeds and butter cows than those
that were once popular, about a half
century ago. Along about the ’sixties
a ^considerable number of cattle were
brought to the United States from
England, but at that time I never saw
Jersey or other channel island cattle
in this country, says a writer in an
exchange, but quite a lot of two of
the English breeds, notably the Dur-
hams, which were the progenitors of
the Shorthorns in the United States,
and quite a number of Devons. I
think, too, that, there were in the
eastern states a few Ayrshires.
However, the Durhams were the
most popular and I think it must have
been the custom then to put the ac-
cent. In the word Durham on the final
syllable, because our bull was always
spoken of as the “Durham,” and final-
ly he came to-be called Ham, without
the first syllable. All the bulls we had
for several generations were true
Shorthorn type and made very large
oxen, as Well as very heavy milkers
among the cows.
There Is no doubt about the pre-
potency of the breed. The cattle on
tho farm gradually got mixed to some
extent with scrub* stock, and I think
a few were crosses with Devons and
Ayrshirps; but the Durham (or
Shorthorn) type has been more in
evidence than anything else.
It is quite remarkable, too, that
after many generations and some mix-
ture with scrubs and Jerseys, the ten-
dency to manifest the Shorthorn type
has always been the most prominent.
GROW LESPEDEZA HAY
Application of Proper Fertilizer
Would Pay Big.
Handling Cabbage.
LcabbVse which is to . be stored
fpuld ®e handled with care. When
Ircwn ftom the field into the wagon-
px the meads are severely bruised,
kd this i\s likely to cause decay aft-
storage.X Some of the most careful
[•owers uaa crates, baskets or tubs
which thjb heads gre carefully plac-
. in the field and these are hauled
the storage house, where they are
^mptied quickly and with ease. Too
auch care cannot be exercised in the
larvesting of ail crops which are in-
|pnded for storage.
How EuropASaves Fertility.
|The fertility ox European soil is
jintained by maintaining the supply
j active plant fbypd and of organic
Jitter. A part of _\the nitrogen is se-
wed from the alrj^ a part from the
krehased feeding gtuffs and some
om the nitrogenous fertilizers. The
sses of potash aufl phosphoric acid
' the crop are counterbalanced by
tr'hases in feeds ^nd fertilizers.
y care is taken ^ prevent loss
B pi fit food. LeavsA stalks, etc.,
;e either saved and 0r are used
i bidding. A
Good Roads
& FarnfNot
By the day, did you ever hear of a
road drag?
A good time how to patch up around
the farm buildings.
If possible, put the celery away in
slightly moist, clean sand.
The toolhouse has become one of
the Important adjuncts to the modern
farm.
Only in rare cases do cutworms
bother crops that are planted on fall
plowed land.
A coat of manure put jon the garden
this fall will give a good account of
itself next June.
Hot bed sashes are usually three
by six feet in dimensions, but smaller
sizes may be used.
Seed corn is an expensive luxury If
placed where the birds, poultry, mice
and ratscan get it.
It is quite common to sow buck-
wheat, especially on poor land, as a
green manure crop.
Gardens infested with but worms
may be helped by keeping the land
free from vegetation all fall and burn-
ing all trash.
A good time now to haul and spread
manure . on the vegetable garden so
that- winter rains can do their part.
Seed potatoes stored in the cellar
should be kept In as light a place as
possible. Light toughens the skins
and retards sprouting.
There would be moret broom corn
raised if the farmers generally under-
stood how to cut, handle and cure
this money-making crop.
The original cost of the machinery
found on the scrap heap of many of
our farms would set a young couple
up in business in very comfortable
shape.
Plant Is of Great Value in Building Up
Poor Soils and Maintaining Fer-
tility in Good Ones—Treat-
ment of Land.
(By J. E. HALLTGAN, Louisiana Experi-
ment Station.)
Lespadeza belongs to a family of
plants that have the power of gather-
ing nitrogen from the air and there-
fore is of great value In building up
poor soils and maintaining fertility in
good soils. It is not customary for
lespedeza growers to pay much atten-
tion to the fertilization of this crop,
although in many cases an application
of the proper fertilizer constituents
would many times pay in In-
creased returns the cost of the fer-
tilization.
In early growth the addition of
some readily available nitrogenous fer-
tilizer as nitrate of soda, sulphate of
ammonia or calcium cyanide, 'will
help to give the crop a start. As these
fertilizers are soluble in water, the}'
should only be added when needed, as
a heavy rain will wash the nitrogen
away. A small amount, say 75 to 100
pounds, per acre,, at planting time
I have had one or two bulls, half-breed
Jerseys, that had such great size and
..such a beef type in shape that they
were sometimes taken for Sborthorns
by people not well posted on the dif-
ferent breeds.
For use on farms the tendency the
last few years has been very strong
towards Jerseys and to some extent
the Guernseys, but for the regular
farmer’s cow the channel island cat-v
tie have not been as popular as the
larger breeds.
The sale of farm butter has not
been very profitable as a rule, and
men who keep a good many cattle but
are not so situated as to'handle milk
or cream profitable are apt to pre-
fer cattle whose calves sell well as
veals, or if field for two years make
good sale as feeders. A.ny of the
Shorthorn or Durham tribe and the
Devons fit into this sort of situation
very well.
Any of them will supply the usual
family needs of milk and butter, if
none is to be sold, and all of them
take on weight enough to make good
sale as calyes or as beef cattle.
So far as my experience and obser-
vation goes, for all purposes except
butter making, they will serve as fam-
ily cows very well indeed, and the
males can put on enough flesh as
beef stock to make them very desir-
able as a farm breed.
So the man who believes that keep-
ing oh the farm as many cattle as
can be properly maintained, to con-
sume the surplus of grain and forage,
will probably find that the Shorthorn
pure and as a cross will be* a profit-
able type of stock to keep
would tend to produce a quick, healthy
growth. If the crop proved backward
during'the early period of growth an
application of one of the above fertil-
izers would tend to help. It should
be remembered that the above fertil-
izers resemble salts and should be
mixed with earth or other material-
in order to get an even distribution.
To prevent any injury that might te
brought about because of the caustic
action of the foregoing fertilizers, they
should be applied when the ‘ plants
are dry, otherwise they might stick to
the^leaves and injure the plants. Ni-
trogenous fertilizers that give up their
nitrogen slowly should not be used on
lespedeza, as such procedure would
be wasteful. As lespedeza is a nitro-
gen gatherer, it only needs nitrogen
during the early growth, and the
eflicient planter can readily deter-
mine when to add this fertilizer con-
stituent,
Louisiana soils are usually deficient
in phosphoric acid and as lespedeza
is a good feeder on this constituent
the application of acid phosphate or
phosphate rock or ground steamed
bone will help to satisfy its needs.
Acid phosphate, applied at the rate
of 150-200 pounds per acre, ;at plant-
ing time, will more than pay for itself.
Although lespedeza uses considerable
potash, our soils carry suflicient of
this constituent so that we need not
consider it. One of the principal con-
stituents that lespedeza requires is
lime.
To Lay Gut a System and Do the
Work One Room at a Time Is
Better Than Upsetting
the Whole House-
Winter, with its attendant duties
in household affairs, means that the
woman who has system in her plans
will accomplish more work and have
more satisfactory results than the er-
ratic, makeshift housekeeper, who
cleans because she is expected to do
so, and whose work speaks for her
incompetence.
House cleaning should not be a mat-
ter to be feared, and it decidedly
should not disrupt the home and verify
the eating from the mantelpiece”
joke.
The first rule is to plan the time to
be given to the work and to do one
room at a time. This will insure
thoroughness, and will allow a part
of the day for rest, so that a wreck
of a woman need not greet the home-
comers at night. Most women are en-
thusiastic, and wh6n one room is
cleaned feel that they might as well
go through the suite. This is the er-
ror for which they pay later on.
The easiest way when cleaning the
furniture which has been covered is
to remove the linen coverings and
place in a tub of water to’ which
naphtha or borax has been added.
While these additions are doing the
washing for you the furniture should
be taken out of,doors and thoroughly
brushed with a stiff brush. If the
covering be durable, a beating with
a rattan beater should be given.
The woodwork should be wiped off
with warm water and a chamois.
Paints should be vcleaned, and you
have no idea what an extra coat of
enamel on white paint or varnish on
other wood will do.
Wallpaper can be cleaned by wip-
ing it with breadcrumbs. Art gum
or kneaded rubbqr will do this work,
as also will bread dough that has not
much lard in it.
Carpets or rugs after a thorough
cleaning can be brightened by wip-
ing over the surface with water to
which ammonia has been added.
Gas globes are also brightened by
a bath in soapsuds and ammonia.
The curtains and other hangings
are easily cleaned, and the furniture
moved back. Just a hint: Change
the arrangement of the chairs, and
the room will seem to take a new life
and an added attraction.
Then rest! One room at a time,
remember^ Perhaps it will take two
weeks. What of It? Does not a good
temper, a rested body, the knowledge
of work well and thoroughly done war-
rant "making-haste slowly?”
Try the slow and sure method this
year.
Fall Is the critical period with the
careless sheep raiser.
There is a good demand for horses
of good breeding and quality.
First class eggs for market should
weigh 30 to 32 ounces-per dozen.
Oats are fine rations for the ewes
until after lambing time next spring.
Government figures show that the
country has produced wonderful
crops.
No matter what the style of equip-
ment, the poultry house should first be
wind proof.
No animal is profitable at a stand-
still. Keep all young animals grow-
ing and gaining.
It is lost ground to allow any kind
of stock to lose flesh or to be
checked in growth.
Plowing under a good clover sod is
one of the most economical methods
of manuring thin lands.
To raise chickens for the early mar-
ket select the breeds that grow
most rapidly and mature early.
Dairy cows will require less extra
food in winter just In proportion as
they are made war^i and comfortable.
Look for individual excellence as
well as lengthy pedigrees, when buy-
ing a horse for breeding purposes
The longest and the finest wooi
and the heaviest fleeces grow on
sheep which are kept steadily in a
good condition. »
The wise and prudent shepherd
knows that his sheep require and
greatly relish salt every season of the
year, winter included.
It is estimated that it requires the
feathers from about ten ducks to
make a poufid. The sale of which
just about pays the cost of dressing
the fowls for market.
For Curtain Stretchers.
Any woman who is in need of cur-,
fain stretchers and has a set of quilt-
ing frames on hand, can make them
in the following way: Buy some fine'
wire nails one-inch size, and put a
row of them along one edge of your
frames as far apart'as the scallops
of your curtains. Then secure your
frames at the corners and Btretch
your curtains on the small nails. Af-
ter all your curtains are done, remove
the nails, as they are liable to rust
if left in, and it is very easy to tack
nails in the old holes when next you
want to use them. » r
Homely Hint.
Wax candles which have become
dusty or soiled can be made perfectly
white by rubbing them With a clean
piece of flannel dipped in spirits of
wine.
Appetizer Ciareridge. %
Heat thin slices of smtifced stur-
geon in butter, in skillet Serve on
small slices of buttered toast
Deviled Kidneys.
One teaspoon mustard, one salt-
spoon salt, pinch of pepper, three
tablespoons of oil, one teaspoon of
vinegar. Mix all together; dip sliced
kidneys in it and broil. After broiled
dust cayenne pepper over them. V
Not Locality.
“You say1 the man was chased by
his enemies through several states.
What state was he in when you saw
him after their attack?”
“I should say he was in a state of
collapse.”
Profitable Proposition.
The greater dumber of men going
into the dairy business, the greater
will be the future price of beef, and
for many sections the raising of beef
is going to be a mighty profitable
j proposition.
Valuable Stangp Collection.
How stamp collecting has become
specialized Is instanced by the sale in
Paris some time ago of a collection of
Swiss stamps for about $40,000.
Killed by Kick of Ostrich.
An ostrich attacked a shepherd of
Stolslake, Orange River Colony, a few
days ago, and kicked him so severely]
that he died a few hours later.
Ancient and Modern.
Even Alexander the Great had Tyre
troubles.—Harvard Lampoon.
\
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Vernor, J. E. The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 3423, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 14, 1912, newspaper, December 14, 1912; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth890352/m1/3/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Lampasas Public Library.