The Lampasas Daily Leader (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 54, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 8, 1935 Page: 2 of 4
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THE LAMPASAS LEADER
News Review of Current
Events the World Over
President Reveals Plans for Work Relief Program—Fran!
Walker His Chief Aid—Auto Workers
■ Strike in Toledo.
1 X
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
©, Western Newspaper Union.
T)LANS for spending the $4,880,000,-
* 000 work relief fund are being made
rapidly, parts of the general scheme
being revealed to the public almost
every day. The Presi-
dent will he the final
arbiter but practically
all the federal agen-
cies will participate
and three new ones
have been announced
by Mr. Roosevelt.These
will handle rural re-
habilitation, rural elec-
trification and grade
crossing elimination.
Standing at the
Frank Walker president’s right hand
Is Frank C. Walker, former treas-
urer of the Democratic party. He has
replaced Donald Richberg as chairman
of the National Emergency council and
is the head of a new division in that
body known as the division of applica-
tion and information. Under his direc-
tion all proposals will be sorted out
and data on them from various gov-
ernment units will bd co-ordinated.
Then they will be handed on, with
Mr. Walker’s recommendations, to a
new works allotment board which is
headed by Secretary Harold Ickes.
These two additions to the alphabet
groups in Washington are known as
DAI and WAB.
In a press conference the President
named these eight types of work which
will be undertaken, with the amount
of money to be spent on each:
1. Highways, roads, streets, grade
crossing elimination, and express high-
ways, $800,000,000.
2. Rural rehabilitation, relief in
stricken agricultural areas, water con-
servation, water diversion, irrigation,
reclamation, rural industrial communi-
ties, and subsistence homesteads, $500,-
000,000. r
3. Rural electrification, $100,000,000.
4. Housing, low cost housing in rural
and urban areas, reconditioning, and
remodeling, $450,000,000.
5. Assistance for educational, pro-
fessional, and clerical persons and
other “white collar” unemployed, $300,-
000,000.
6. Citizen Conservation corps, $600,-
000,000.
7. Sanitation, soil erosion, stream
pollution, reforestation, flood control,
rivers and harbors, $350,000,000.
8. Loans, grants, or both, to cities,
counties, states, and other political
subdivisions for public works, $900,-
000,000.
The rural rehabilitation work will
be directed by Rexford G. Tugwell, un-
der-secretary of agriculture, and he
will not be responsible to Secretary
Wallace but will have a free hand to
carry out his schemes for moving fam-
ilies from marginal lands, shifting
stranded industrial workers to new,
planned rural communities and build-
ing cities outside of large urban cen-
ters to relieve slum congestion.
Asked as to how much was ready to
be spent the President recalled that
$600,000,000 already had been put for-
ward for the CCC and that Public
Works Administrator Harold L. Ickes
had applications totaling more than
$1,000,000,000.
In conclusion, the Chief Executive
eaid that there was a tendency to
make loans instead of grants wherever
possible, the loans to be long-term ones
at low interest rates.
Appointment of Mr. Walker leaves
Mr. Richberg free, as the President
said, to devote his time to the NRA
during the period of pending legisla-
tion in congress and litigation in the
Supreme court.
/'"'vRGANIZED labor opened its at-
tempt to obtain recognition in the
automobile Industry with a strike of
workers in the Toledo plant of the
Chevrolet Motor company. The fac-
tory was closed down immediately,
though only a part of the force joined
in the strike. Union pickets were
placed about it, but city police and
deputy sheriffs were on hand to see
that there was no disorder.
President Sloan of General Motors
corporation issued this statement in
New York.
“The vital question Involved is
whether General Motors corporation is
willing to sign an agreement for a
closed shop recognizing the local union
as the exclusive representative of all
the employees of the Toledo plant.
This General Motors will not do.”
The union, in a lengthy statement,
said its committee “has done every-
thing in its power to meet with the
management and to secure an amicable
and fair adjustment of the matter of
wages, hours and union recognition
and various other grievances.
“The management refused to sign a
contract of any kind and flatly refused
every section of the proposed contract
with the exception of two minor points.”
The company offered to make wage
readjustments and give a 5 p&r cent
general wage increase, show no dis-
crimination against union men, and
agreed to respect seniority rights as
provided by the automobile labor board.
Secretary Perkins sent Thomas J.
Williams, Labor department concilia-
tor, to Toledo to see what might be
done. President Green of the A. F. of
L. said there was grave danger that
the Toledo strike might spread to
other automotive plants.
Leo C. Wollman, chairman of the
National Automobile Labor board, re-
ported that that body had completed
a canvass of 163,150 workers in Amer-
ican automobile plants and found
that 68.6 per cent of them showed no
affiliation with any labor organization.
The various employees’ associations
grouped together ranked second with
21,774 members, equal to 13.3 per cent
of the total. The American Federation
of Labor was third with 14,057, or 8.6
per cent, while the Associated Automo-
bile Workers of America were fourth
with 6,083, or 3.7 per cent. The re-
mainder of the vote was split between
the Mechanics Educational society and
ten other unions.
P .1
Speaker
Byrns
TIITITHOUT benefit of gag rule but
VV with perfect party discipline, the
administration’s social security bill
was jammed through the house sub-
stantially as President
Roosevelt wants it.
The final vote was 372
to 33. It may be some
weeks before it is
passed by the senate,
for the senate finance
committee, to which it
was referred, is busy
just now with NRA
extension and veter-
ans’ bonus payment.
Leading features of
the measure as passed
by the house are:
Grants to states for old age assist-
ance (pensions) on a 50-50 basis, but
for no individual will the federal gov-
ernment’s share exceed $15 per month.
Compulsory old age benefits for per-
sons over sixty-five on basis of salary
earned during working lifetime, pay-
ments ranging from $15 to $85 a month.
Income tax on pay rolls of employees
starting with 1 per cent in 1937 and
graduated upward to 3 per cent in
1949; excise tax on employers in same
amounts. This will mean a total pay
roll tax of 6 per cent by 1949.
Unemployment insurance. Tax on
employer of 1 per cent on pay rolls
in 1936, 2 per cent for 193V, and 3 per
cent thereafter.
Social security board as new bureau
of government in the executive branch
with three members appointed by the
President.
Federal grants to states for mater-
nal and child health service, an appro-
priation of $3,800,000.
Federal grants to states for public
health service, an appropriation of
$8,000,000.
Speaker Byrns and other majority
leaders were elated by the immense
majority by which the bill carried be-
cause, as they asserted, it was put
through without any pressure from the
White House. Mr. Byrns said: “We
got no orders from the President, so
help me Almighty God.”
f^EN. W. W. ATTERBURY, veteran
official of the Pennsylvania rail-
road, has retired as president of the
months before that
would have been nec-
essary under its regu-
lations, because of ill
health. The directors
unanimously elected
Martin W. Clement to
succeed him. The new
president of the great
system was born 53
years ago in Sunbury,
Pa., and entered the
service of the road in
1901 as a rodman. His
promotion was steady
and nine years ago he became the vice
president.
General Atterbury had this to say
of his successor:
“Since he became vice president,
Clement has been intimately associated
with me in conducting the company’s
affairs and in our relations with the
other railroads and with ttfe govern-
ment.
“The remarkable results achieved
by the company last year, one of the
most difficult periods the railroad has
ever experienced, were largely due to
Clement’s leadership. His manifest
capabilities have commended him not
only to his associate directors and offi-
cers, but also to the executives of
other railroads with whom he has been
working in recent years in the interest
of the railroad industry as a whole.
“Moreover, he enjoys the confidence,
respect and co-operation of the entire
Pennsylvania railroad organization.”
TV/fORE than three thousand persons
lost their lives In a series of
earthquake shocks that occurred in the
most thickly populated section of For-
mosa, the island off the Chinese coast
which Japan acquired in 1895. It was
the worst disaster of the kind in the
Orient since the Tokyo-Yokohama
quake of 1923. The number of injured
was estimated at fully 12,000, and a
quarter of a million were rendered
homeless. Property damage was placed
at $28,000,000. Half a dozen sizable
towns and many villages were com-
pletely destroyed, and fires and heavy
rain added to the dangers and distress
of the afflicted people.
rpATHER COUGHLIN, the “radio
F priest” of Detroit, staged the first
state meeting of his National Union for
Social Justice in Olympia stadium In
his home town, and more than 150,000
enthusiastic supporters crowded into
the edifice to hear him tell how he pro-
posed to right the wrongs of the peo-
ple. On the platform with the cru-
sading cleric were Senators Elmer
Thomas of Oklahoma and Gerald P.
Nye of North Dakota, and Represent-
atives William Connery of Massachu-
setts, Martin L. Sweeney of Ohio,
Thomas O’Malley of Wisconsin and
William Lemke of North Dakota.
The priest put forward the National
union as a definite political weapon
aimed at the money power and at
standpat partyism.
Father Coughlin has been endorsed
by the bishop of Detroit, Rt. Rev.
Michael Gallegher.
“I pronpunce Father Coughlin sound
in doctrine, able in its application and
Interpretation,” the bishop said. “Free-
ly I give him my imprimatur on his
written word and freely I give my ap-
proval on the spoken word. May both
be circulated without objection through-
out the land. Under my jurisdiction
he preaches the just codes of the old
law and Its commandments. Until a
lawful superior rules otherwise, I stand
steadfastly behind this priest, Father
Coughlin, encouraging him to do the
will of God as he sees it and I see it.”
/GOVERNOR TALMADGE of Geor-
gia, one of the most vociferous
Democratic denouncers of President
Roosevelt and the New Deal, has a
strong supporter in Tom Linder, the
Georgia commissioner of agriculture.
In the department’s official farm bul-
letin, that gentleman sent to the farm-
ers of the state a message that “we
still have the right to secede” from
the Union.
The statement was carried in a foot-
note to a long article written by Lin-
der in which he drew a comparison be-
tween the Democratic administration
in Washington and the Russian gov-
ernment.
The secession reference was in the
nature of resentment against a recent
•ruling by the United States Supreme
court reversing Alabama courts in the
Scottsboro case on the ground colored
citizens were excluded from juries.
OENATOR HUEY LONG delivered
^ his much advertised attack on the
President and the administration be-
fore a crowd that jammed the senate
chamber. He was lim-
ited to 40 minutes, but
in that time he used
a lot of language. Aft-
er describing Ickes,
Farley, Wallace and
General Johnson in
terms not very funny,
the “Kingfish” assailed
Mr. Roosevelt as per-
sonally responsible for
what he called a plan
to force the state of
Louisiana to yield to
corruption and debauchery. He threat-
ened a tax rebellion in his realm if
there were further federal encroach-
ments in the matter of controlling the
expenditure of federal loans for state
projects.
Huey charged that the administra-
tion was concerned solely with con-
trolling the expenditures in Louisiana
in such manner as to insure winning
the election in 1936.
“They could go down there and spend
the whole five billion and they could
not win that election,” he said.
Senator Long now indicates that he
has no desire to head a third party next
year unless that should be necessary
to bring about the defeat of President
Roosevelt. He says he would gladly
join with the Republicans if they would
nominate Senator Borah.
T TNDER a new law the German Nazis
^ are suppressing the entire church
press of the country, Catholic and Prot-
estant, and also all Jewish organs,
either religious or racial. The edict,
signed by Max Amann, president of the
reich press chamber and manager of
the Nazi party’s publishing organiza-
tion, is designed to monopolize the
reich’s publications for Nazi ideas and
make them legally subject to Nazi dic-
tatorship.
The law provides that “church or
professional newspapers as well as pa-
pers intended for groups of subscrib-
ers with certain interests, henceforth
are forbidden.” The Nazi party and
its organizations are not subject to the
new law.
TT'ING GEORGE of England, it ap-
IV pears, had no desire for an elab-
orate and costly celebration of his sil-
ver jubilee, such as was planned by the
cabinet committee, and
now he and Prime
Minister MacDonald
have ordered that the
affair shall be very
“quiet.” His majesty
was not consulted at
first, and when he
heard there were
strong protests from
the northern shires es-
pecially against such
a wasteful expendi-
ture of money in hard
times, he was exceedingly irate and
wanted to call off the whole affair.
This could not be done, but the cele-
bration will be nothing like what the
cabinet committee had intended.
The king has forbidden garter king
at arms, the duke of Norfolk, and oth-
er high officers of state of the cere-
monial department to have anything to
do with the jubilee. He has refused
to hare the peers of the realm in their
xobes for the presentation of addresses
from the houses of parliament. He
has refused to robe himself for the oc-
casion.
King George
Senator Long
BRISBANE
THIS WEEK
Watch Your Eye-Lens
Frightened to Death
All Possess Language
Eating Bark and Earth
Important news for life insurance
companies. A tendency to old age or
early death is in-
herited, according
to Dr. Felix Bern-
stein of Columbia
university, who
talked to the
National Academy
of Science in Chi-
cago. A scientist
can tell how old you
are, physically, by
examining the lens
of your eye. It al-
ways shows signs
of hardening before
fifty; the extent of
the hardening de-
cides how old you
really are.
The rest of your body—brain,
heart and all the rest—grows old
about as rapidly as the eye-lens does.
Leaving out accidents and attacks
by disease germs, there is a sort of
“pre-destination” in the length of
life.
Two brothers, fifteen and ten years
of age, with a young friend, were go-
ing to an entertainment last Christ-
mas night. George Bond and Carl
McMurty of Poplar Bluff, Mo.,
thought it would be amusing to
frighten the children by running
after them, telling them, “You will
never live to get there.”
The two older boys “got there.”
The little ten-year-old boy, James
AInley, dropped dead of fright as the
men pursued him. A sensible jury
decides that the two men shall spend
six months in jail and pay $100 fine
for their “joke.” The jury might
well have made it ten years, for It
was stupid manslaughter. There is
nothing more brutal, cruel or more
completely worthy of a genuine “ya-
hoo” than frightening children.
Secretary of Interior Ickes, who
also possesses the gift of forcible
speech, calls Senator Long “a rant-
ing demagogue,” describes, more
gently, one other well known broad-
caster, and rebukes, without men-
tioning his name, Doctor Townsend,
whom he accuses of arousing false
hopes in the “underprivileged.”
Senator Huey Long, his language
never failing him, able to speak his
mind freely in the senate, addressing
that august body, describes the secre-
tary of interior as “Lord High Cham-
berlain Ickes, the chinch-bug of Chi-
cago.”
Secretary of Agriculture Wallace
he called the “Lord Destroyer, the
ignoramus of Iowa.”
We complain of our depression
with good cause. We might find
queer consolation in reading about
miserable inhabitants of Formosa,
property of Japan, inhabited chiefly
by Chinese, who made up 80 per cent
of the sufferers and victims in the
recent earthquake.
In Formosa, men, women and chil-
dren have been stripping the bark
from elm trees and eating It and they
may be seen on barren fields, pulling
up wild grass by the roots, washing
and eating the roots, as well as the
grass itself. Many have died from
eating bran mixed with earth and
water, the earth causing death by in-
testinal stoppage.
Those poor creatures have a real
depression, with no rich govern-
ment to pour out billions for jobs,
relief, dole, etc.
The American Philosophical society,
gathered in Philadelphia, learns from
Doctor Slipher, director of the Lowell
observatory at Flagstaff, Ariz„ that to
people on the planet Mars, if any are
there, our earth is a blue planet.
If those Martians will continue
watching us, until some European or
Asiatic country sends a few thousand
planes in our direction, they will see
this corner of the earth a deeper and
darker blue than ever. What a lesson
we shall learn some day if we continue
with our eyes shut!
Newspaper editors, that ought to
know something about prosperity, gath-
ered in New York from all over the
country, tell you they see a “business
pickup.” better times are coming. That
is a cheerful prediction.
Some boys in high schools, and big-
ger boys in colleges, recently organ-
ized a “strike” to express their horror
of war.
War is horrible; it should be, and
eventually will be, unnecessary. But
there is some good in all evil, and
young students and others should re-
flect on past wars and what modern
civilization owes to them.
Germany wants colonies, and is em-
barrassed by the fact that this would
mean taking in a great many black
ladies and gentlemen that by no stretch
of the imagination could be called
“Aryans.” The German government
announces that, while it could not ad-
mit negroes to German citizenship, as
Britain does in her colonies, black co-
lonial negroes would be “Schutzbefoh-
lene,” with every right except the right
to adopt Aryan strut
Q. King Features Syndicate. loo*
WNU Servica. __
Washington.—Much ado is being
made around Washington again over
lobbyists. It is true
Lobbyists that there are now
Active perhaps more lobby-
ists in Washington
than at any time in the last fifteen
years. It is true they are influencing
legislation, and I think it can be said
without fear of contradiction that lob-
byists are responsible for a portion of
the balking tactics in congress.
Existence of this unusual condition
in Washington carries more signifi-
cance, however, than just the fact that
special interests or individual interests
are trying to protect themselves. From
a good many sources I gather the opin-
ion that the condition means the Pres-
ident’s power has weakened.
It is to be remembered that when
Mr. Roosevelt carried his New Deal
into the White House and led the
largest Democratic majority ever to
control the national legislative body,
that very fact thwarted lobbying. Very
few of the so-called special interests
had the courage to button hole indi-
vidual representatives or senators to
plead their cause. These representa-
tives and senators were looking to
White House leadership; their fate
rested on the New Deal, and they were
unable accurately to gauge what public
sentiment would be if they openly dis-
agreed with Presidential orders. In
those days, the corridors of the Capi-
tol and the house and senate office
buildings were virtually deserted of
petitioners—for that is what a lobby-
ist is.
To the extent that lobbyists oper-
ated in the early days of the Roose-
velt administration, they sought to in-
fluence Presidential decision and the
activities of the brain trust and un-
derlings who drafted the Presidential
programs. Once these programs had
been submitted to congress, the oppo-
sition to them largely subsided and
members jumped to the crack of the
Presidential whip. As stated above, in-
dividual members were afraid to go
against White House orders and lobby-
ists were afraid to combat the Presi-
dent’s popularity.
But a year ago, various interests
throughout the country began to sense
a feeling that they could again talk
with members of congress safely. They
began organizing their representations
here as they formerly had enjoyed, and
little by little broadened the scope of
their activities. A singular part about
the present condition is the mushroom
growth of the lobbyists. Supplement-
ing their growth has been an unusual
fearlessness. They are busy pushing
all kinds of causes, good and bad.
Some forces estimate there are close
to five hundred different groups and
organizations actively petitioning con-
gress to do this or that according to
their lights. There are such gigantic
lobbies as that of organized labor, ag-
riculture and the American Legion.
There are lobbies for religious and ra-
cial groups. The power interests at
the moment bulk large with their lob-
bying activities. Individual lines of in-
dustry have their representatives here
in numbers. The railroads, for example,
have headquarters here for their Asso-
ciation of American Railroads and it is
also the headquarters for the Short-
line Railroad association. The bank-
ers maintain a legislative committee
of the American Bankers’ association
here, and even scientific groups have
their people treading water in the halls
of congress, watching and waiting to
be sure that nothing detrimental to
their interests is done by the legisla-
tors.
* • *
It will be recalled that several weeks
ago Mr. Roosevelt let loose one of the
bitterest messages he
Sees Power has ever sent to con-
Waning gress in denunciation
of the activities of
the power lobby. At that time, the
vicious character of his accusations
against the power interests was attrib-
uted by many observers to his intense
feeling that public utility holding com-
panies should be abolished. He felt
that cliques of financiers were taking
advantage of innocent investors and
•he Avanted to tell the country about it.
Now, hoAvever, it develops that he
was shooting not only at the power
group but at all so-called special inter-
ests which were seeking to protect
themselves from what they regarded as
flagrant violations of property rights
of the established business practices.
It must be said that for a few days,
the President’s message did have the
effect of slowing down lobbying activi-
ties but the lobbyists had tasted of
their own power. They are not to be
frightened by any Presidential attack
nor by the threat of Senator Black of
Alabama to force through legislation
compelling lobbyists in Washington to
register. As a matter of cold fact, it
Is my conviction that Senator Black
.will find himself thoroughly circum-
vented in any move he may make to
press for action on what is generally
regarded as a ridiculous piece of legis-
lation. It Is a thirty-year-old proposal,
anyway.
It all goes to show that, at least
among those with the courage of their
convictions, President Roosevelt is not
as powerful as he was in the first year
of his reign. Balking tactics in con-
gress o?i>r the public works relief bill
was but the outward sign of courage
underneath. I have reported to you
heretofore that there were mutterings
and expressions of discontent within
the President’s vast majority in the
house and senate. While the malcon-
tents are not openly criticizing the
President, they are able to accomplish
their purpose by delay and disagree-
ment over what ordinarily would be
very minor details.
I believe it is the consensus also that
the activities of petitioners for their
rights are responsible to a large extent
for the creation of numerous blocs
in congress. It has been observed by
numerous publicists that if there is
danger of Fascism in the United States,
it lies in this rise of blocs in congress.
The natural result is to replace and
break up the two old established par-
ties. Thus far in this session there
has been evidence time after time of
bloc activities, one against another.
This condition results in legislative
trades, not all of which result in good
or even well-written legislation.
When the President came through
the biennial election last fall with his-
majorities increased, there were those
who insisted that he would have his
will with congress and no questions
asked. They did not reckon, however,
with the potential strength of the va-
rious interests watching congressional
activities. I do not believe that a care-
ful analysis of the activities of most
of these lobbyists will show improper
relations between them and members
of congress. They are simply assert-
ing the right of every individual, name-
ly, the privilege to tell his represent-
ative or senator what his opinion is.
Certainly, there is a growing feeling
that Mr. Roosevelt gained little or
nothing when he attacked the power
interests, and over their shoulder all
other representation in Washington.
* * *
Now that President Roosevelt has
title to $4,800,000,000 to spend pretty
much as he pleases,
How IVill It the question is heard
Be Spent? around Washington
more and more fre-
quently, what is he going to do with
it? The truth is that administration
plans for utilizing this vast sum of
money are so nebulous that no one
can tell, even the officials themselves,
to what uses it will be put. One hears
about attacking the problem of soil
erosion so that the destruction by dust
storms will occur no more, and there
is talk of many public works projects.
When one tries to find out details of
these, however, he is promptly con-
fronted by a stone wall, either of si-
lence or of a frank statement that only'
the outlines haA-e thus far been con-
sidered.
Conversations over luncheon tables
in Washington seem to indicate that
actual spending of this money in any
appreciable sum will not get under way
for some months. In fact, there seems
to be ground for belief that nothing
of substantial character will take place
in a spending way before next winter.
And, if that is true the comment sug-
gests, the great appropriation will be
effective only in a political way next
spring and summer.
It should be remembered that the
amount voted the President in this
one resolution which is to be spent
practically at his direction is greater
than the total expenditure of the fed-
eral government for any year from
1922 to 1931.
* * *
With further references to lobbying
activities, it is made to appear that
tAvo organizations
Effective have done an espe-
Lobbying N cially good job. I re-
fer to the operations
of the American Legion office in Wash-
ington and its fight for the veterans’
bonus, and the activity of the various
agricultural and fajin organizations
Avho have been fighting off certain
phases of railroad legislation.
The farmers, according to the best
information I can get, are opposed to
federal regulation of interstate bus and
truck business because they feel the
proposed legislation will hamper farm-
to-market hauling. I suspect that the
bus and truck group have persuaded
the farm representatives to oppose reg-
ulatory measures for busses and trucks
on the basis of misunderstanding. I
have made numerous inquiries of legis-
lative drafting experts and of house
and senate leaders respecting the point
at issue and all have assured me that
the proposed federal regulation will ini
no way apply to farm-to-market haul-
ing.
While the point made here is not at
all important and when farm opera-
tors of trucks understand it they will
doubtless shy away from the position
they have taken, it illustrates how one-
organization will attract many follow-
ers to its ranks who actually ought not
be there.
Now as to the bonus proposition, It
ought to be said that the Roosevelt ad-
ministration is in a hole. So well has-
the American Legion done its job that
there is no doubt in my mind at the
moment respecting the outcome. There
will be bonus legislation passed by
congress at this session. Whether it
will be signed or vetoed by President
Roosevelt depends entirely upon the
nature of the bill as it finally is passed.
<§) AVestern Newspaper Union.
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The Lampasas Daily Leader (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 54, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 8, 1935, newspaper, May 8, 1935; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth897794/m1/2/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Lampasas Public Library.