The Lampasas Daily Leader (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 27, No. 268, Ed. 1 Saturday, January 17, 1931 Page: 3 of 4
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THE LAMPASAS LEADER
Market Place
(Prepared by the National Geographic
Society, Washington. D. C.)
7B ALL know °f Bethlehem
\ Y / as a small town in Judea and
yy and sing about it in our ca-
rols, but probably few real-
ize how much it still contains that
helps us to visualize the first Christ-
mas. To those who know it well—its
marrow, winding streets and lanes, cob-
blestone paved; its age-old homes
with walls of rough-cut stone grown
mellow with years of sunshine; its
vineyards, olive yards, and terraced
gardens; and, most of all, its people
^nd their Biblical customs—it still
speaks vividly of the Nativity story.
The town, crowning a hill and domi-
nating open valleys to the east and
south, lies just far enough to the north
of the busy road that links Jerusalem
and Hebron to be undisturbed by con-
gested traffic. With the exception of
a handful of Moslem neighbors, its
6,(MX) hospitable inhabitants are all
•Christians and they all live together
In amity.
It is not to be supposed, however,
because we find here a pervading spir-
it of peace, quiet and friendliness,
which to a great extent is missing in
the larger neighboring cities, that the
Bethlehemites are an indolent, easy-
-going people. Quite the contrary. It
Is not only the absence of political
and religious animosities among them,
but their thrifty industry that has
brought on a state of well-being in the
community.
As we pass through the confined
thoroughfares, now under a vaulted
archway, now up by a steep flight of
street steps, we may hear the hum
and screech of tools carving pearl
shell into ornaments or cutting thick
sections of the same material into
beads. The result may be a brooch,
pendant, or necklet to bring joy to a
lady upon the return of the pilgrim
purchaser to some distant land. It
may be an intricately carved and in-
laid crucifix to hang, perhaps, on the
wall of some small, lonely chapel; or
it may be a snow-white rosary mount-
ed with pure silver, destined to find
its way into a convent.
Artisans Work in Homes.
These handicrafts, which, according
to local standards, have brought at
least a decent living, sometimes have
been the avenues to modest wealth.
Best of all, the industries have culti-
vated a sense of independence and
self-respect in the natives.
The places of work are by no means
sweatshops, although hours of labor
are long and hard; nor do they savor
•of the factory. The shop consists of
a room or two in the home or adjoin-
ing it. Sometimes only the members
of a family work together; at other
times a few outsiders are employed.
•Sitting cross-legged on the floor and
working with the simplest tools and
•contraptions, the artisans turn out
beautiful things; and, while the
squeak of a saw or the rasping noise
of many files cutting away at the hard
shell is not a pleasant note, still, un-
less they have stopped to return in
flowery Arabic the salutations of pass-
-ers-by, the workers probably will be
found passing otherwise irksome time
In singing in unison tunes centuries
old.
A little way beyond this shop a sol-
itary man sits under the dense shade
of a fig'tree, making beads from a
palm seed known commercially as
‘‘vegetable ivory,” but locally as
“Mecca fruit.” These beads are dyed
In vivid colors and made up into Mos-
lem rosaries, on which the faithful re-
peat their prayers. Large numbers
find their way through the markets of
Arabia to Mecca and Medina.
Not all the folk of Bethlehem are
humble laborers. Many families are
modestly well off. Their men have
journeyed afar in their youth, mostly
to the South American countries, and
there have built up fortunes, begin-
ning possibly as peddlers, then oper-
ating retail stores, and finally becom-
ing wholesalers and supplying the new-
comers from their native land. Pros-
perous as a result of their efforts in
the countries of their temporary adop-
tion, these merchant princes have re-
turned to pass their declining years
in the homes of their boyhood.
Many such successful adventures be-
gan life in the Bethlehem pearl shops,
saving a small amount from each thou-
sand beads turned out. By dint of
hard work and patience, they gathered
enough for stesrage tickets and, once
abroad, they were helped along by
their compatriots already established.
in Bethlehem.
Others of them came from more pre-
tentious families. Their fathers may
have boasted of being “coffee and
spice merchants,” importers of com-
modities in the period before the poun-
tries around this end of the Mediter-
ranean were opened to world com-
merce by steamer and railroad. Those
were the days of the sail &iip and the
desert camel, when the merchant did
not write or telegraph for his goods,
but instead took long journeys, select-
ed and bargained for his wares, and
with them returned home by caravan.
Church of the Nativity.
The Church of the Nativity in Beth-
lehem is one of the oldest existing
churches in Christendom, if not the
oldest, one of the few used in common
by the three eastern denominations
and revered by all sects of Christi-
anity. The best authorities doubt not
that it stands on or close to the site
where Jesus was born and the place
of the first Christmas.
Built A. D. 330 by the Emperor Con- 1
stantine and added to by Justinian, it
became in the Fifth century the home
of St Jerome, who here translated
the Old Testament from the Hebrew.
Since that time it has gone through
many vicissitudes and restorations.
The present entrance to the Nativ-
ity church is so small that in passing ;
through it one must bend very low.
It is closed by a heavily sheathed,
i*on-studded door. But one person can
enter at a time. The original entrance
must have been an imposing one, for j
over the present miniature door is a
large portal that repeatedly through
the ages has been made smaller.
Stooping to enter, one comes into
an interior of great simplicity. There
are two double rows of pinkish lime-
stone monolith pillars, said to have
been brought from the ruins of the
Temple of Jerusalem. Above the sup-
porting columns is the old wooden
roof, the gift of Edward the Fourth
and Philip of Burgundy. About two
walls are scattered patches of gold
and colored Byzantine mosaics, con-
trasting with the white plaster that
was filled in as portions of the mosaics ,
dropped off. Particularly interesting
is a fragment depicting a row of half
figures intended to be portraits of the
ancestry of Joseph.
Why Vandals Spared It.
A pretty story is still told by the
Bethlehemites, which, though it lacks
historic backing, may account for the
sparing of this church when the hordes
of the ruthless Persian Chosroes
burned and destroyed all the other
churches in Palestine, including the
Church of the Holy Sepulcher in
Jerusalem.
It is said that among the earliest
mosaics over the main entrance with-
in was a large panel representing the
Magi making rich offerings to the in-
fant Jesus. Seeing this, and recogniz-
ing by the costumes that the Three
Wise Men were Persians the vandal
hordes spared the church.
Today the pilgrims and visitors, as
well as the natives, enjoy a quick run
from Jerusalem to Bethlehem over a
smooth, dustless road in modern cars;
still it is pleasant, in thinking of the
first Christmas, to let memory carry
one back to days when there were no
vehicles of any kind to mar an ancient
setting, when camel and donkey trails
and footpaths were the only highways.
Leaving Jerusalem, with its encir-
cling wall, towers, and bulwarks be-
hind. the traveler crosses the plain of
Repliaim and starts a gradual ascent.
From the top of this hill he catches
his first glimpse of Bethlehem, called
Beit Lahm, “The House of Bread,” by
the ancients because of the fertility of
its fields.
By the roadside at the foot of the
hill is a large old cistern with twin
openings from which to draw water.
One of these openings is topped by a
section of conduit built by the Roman
procurator, Pontius Pilate, to supply
Jerusalem with water. Between the
cistern tops is a circular stone trough.
One can scarcely pass during the noon-
tide hours of a hot summer day with-
out finding many flocks being watered
at this well, and sometimes long
strings of camels stop here to quench
their thirst.
While this cistern has no historic
background, a pretty legend hangs to
it. It is known as the “Well of the
Magi.” Supposedly the Three Wise
Men halted here to water their camels
on the night when they were on their
way to Bethlehem, seeking “Him who
is born King of the Jews.”
|My Greatest Thrill in Sport]
{ 1
| By CAPT. EDDIE RICKENBACKER
1 America’s Greatest Ace 3
i J
Most Important Aids to
Start Very Cold Motor
From my career of racing, driving
and aviation I am easily able to draw
forth my greatest
thrill.
It came with my
narrowest escape
from death. It was
on the morning of
May 17,1918, and I
was flying around
Metz and Thiau-
court.
I was out quite
some time and my
fuel was getting
tow when I sighted Ed Rickenbacker.
three graceful Albatross machines
leaving the ground. Despite my short-
age of gas I went after them.
I made myself as inconspicuous as
possible until all had their backs to
me. By the time we had reached
Montsee I was within 3,000 feet of
my quarry. I had overlooked the Ger-
man Archies until suddenly their fire
began to burst about me. This gave
the enemy fliers their tip and they
swerved to get after me.
I was within 200 yards of the rear
Albatross and descending at 200 miles
an hour. Without checking my speed
[ kept the nose of my Nieuport toward
the tail of the enemy and at fifty
yards I began firing.
For ten seconds my fingers were
pressed on the triggers and I saw my
flaming bullets piercing the seat of
the German. Meanwhile the other two
were trying to get on my tail and in
following my quarry a bit too long I
nade that possible. As my enemy be-
gan to flutter groundward I pulled my
stick back and started to climb. The
■veakness of the Nieuport asserted it-
self with a ripping crash and I found
my right wing collapsed.
Faster and faster the tail revolved
around and around and down I sped,
?aught in a vrille or tail spin, and
| seemingly with not a chance to come
; jut. Twice the two enemies dived
for me with all guns going into my
nelpless craft. The whole of my fab-
ric wras gone and no-pilot can fly with-
out fabric on his machine. I wondered
where I would hit and if I would
escape death or be a mangled prison-
*r in Germany.
A sudden spasm of longing to see
my mother roused my fighting spirit.
A whole picture of childhood scenes
were vividly recalled. I was only 3,000
Cornell’s 1931 rowing season, plans
for which were announced by Gradu-
ate Manager Romeyn Berry, will
bring together on Lake Cayuga on
May 23 the three crews which were
respectively first, second and third at
the Intercollegiate regatta at Pough-
keepsie last June. Syracuse, which fin-
ished second; Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, which rowed an aston-
ishing race to finish in third place,
and Harvard, not a participant in
the Intercollegiate regatta, will meet
Cornell, the winner of the classic
event, in the annual Spring Day re-
gatta on May 23. In addition to this
varsity event, the junior varsity
crews and the freshman crews of
Alcohol Dripped on Car
Windshield Prevents Ice
By mounting a small tank filled with
denatured alcohol on the windshield
frame, and leading a slender tube to
a position just above the wiper, as
shown in the illustration, a small
amount of alcohol will run out and
the wiper will spread it evenly over
Small Can Supplies Alcohol on Wind-
shield to Prevent Ice Formation.
the glass, preventing the formation
of ice on the windshield. Of course,
it is necessary to provide a small
valve to control the flow of alcohol.
The best method of mounting the tank
is to use spring clips so that it will
be easy to remove the tank to refill it.
—Popular Mechanics Magazine.
Engine Stalling Is Due
to Sticking Choke Valve
Engine stalling due to an overrich
mixture is frequently caused by a
sticking choke valve. Sometimes it is
a puzzling difficulty because the,choke
may operate properly one time and the
next time it may stick in a close po-
sition so the carbureter cannot get air,
with the result that the over-rich mix-
ture kills the engine.
Look over the wrire connections and
see that the nut or screw holding the
adjustment of the choke control is
properly fastened.
Always be sure that the choke valve
is full open in the running position.
Otherwise it will result in a very rich
mixture that will not give good results.
feet up by then and saw crowds gaz-
ing whitefaced at me. They were
probably already exulting over the
souvenirs they would get from my
machine—or my body itself.
Then, regardless of consequences, I
pulled open the throttle. The sudden
extra speed pulled the tail horizontal.
Like a flash I seized the joystick and
reversed my rudder. She kept straight.
I realized then that I had a chance,
for if I could keep her so for five
minutes I would be over our lines. No
airplanes were in sight.
I made headway much faster than I
was falling and sudden elation swept
over me I tried to lift her head, but
no use. I could fly straight only. Then
came the Archies, but I was so grate-
ful that I paid them no attention—
until suddenly I found myself back
over the French lines. Freed from
landing in Germany, I tried several
small tricks and then I grazed the
top of our hangar and, with motor
still running, I pancaked flatly upon
my field.
As the French ran up, they said
I had looked like a bird alighting with
a broken wing, as I had come to the
ground. But anyway—I was safe!
(© by Public Ledger Company.)
Playing tennis on skates is a re-
cently discovered sport.
- * * *
Jack Berg and Fidel La Barba are
the only two boxers to defeat Kid
Chocolate.
* * *
North Carolina State’s basketball
squad this year is made up almost en-
tirely of sophomores.
* * *
Dartmouth is considering rowing.
L. A. Deidlinger, chairman of the ath-
letic council, says it will cost $15,000
a year.
♦ ♦ ♦
The Detroit club paid only $700 for
Ty Cobb in 1905 and the Boston Red
Sox expended but $400 for Tris Speak-
er in 1907.
* * *
Skiing has become one of the most
popular sports in Germany and the
German Ski union is one of the larg-
est organizations of its kind in the
world.
each of these institutions will com-
pete, with the exception of the Har-
vard freshmen, who have not been
entered.
Preceding the Spring Day event
Cornell will row Yale and Princeton
for the Carnegie cup at Derby on May
16. As usual, Cornell will participate
in the Poughkeepsie regatta.
Cards’ Relief Hurler
There was a lot written about Hal-
lahan and Haines and Grimes and
Earnshaw during and after the world
series last fall, but nobody gave Jim
Lindsey, relief pitcher for the Cards,
much space or thought. And yet if
the baseball fates had been kinder or
the breaks had lieen different, Lind-
sey might have been a hero of that
struggle. Lindsey pitched a brand of
ball that might have won a game.
Among the most important aids to
starting motors in cold weather are
the correct fuel and lubricant, points
out the mechanical f^st aid depart-
ment of the Chicago Motor club in a
bulletin on the care of the car in
winter.
Various grades of gasoline differ
greatly, so far as easy starting qual-
ities are concerned, the bulletin stated.
It was suggested that car owners who
anticipate trouble in starting use only
those grades of gasoline which possess
easy-starting qualities. Frequently it
is advisable to readjust the car-
buretor. This should be done only
by a capable mechanic.
The agency of the make of car is
always in a position to advise owners
as to the best oil. Some cars used
the same consistency of oil the year
around; most, however, are designed
for thinner lubricant in winter. Hon-
est and to the minute filling stations
usually offer the right grade of oil
for the car in question; the Chicago
Motor club does not, however, advise
motorists to trust all stations to rec-
ommend the correct oil. The reason
that a comparatively thin oil is better
in winter is because oil thickens in
low temperatures; frequently the
“drag” of the pistons against the
cylinder walls and other sources of
fraction cause an excessive load on
Tommy Yarr, Notre Dame center, is
the son of an Irishman and his mother
is of Cherokee Indian descent.
* * *
Ralph Caimey, University of Wash-
ington athlete, won letters in basket-
ball, track and football during the last
year.
• * *
Phil Scott reports he is coming back.
O’Goofty wants to know just what he
is coming back to, and where he ever
was in the first place.
* * *
Both Jesse Hawley and Shag
Shaughnessey coached Harvard in the
passing game for its meeting with
Michigan, but the Wolverines won.
* * *
Jim Londos now claims the world
heavyweight wrestling title. The first
thing a wrestler learns to do is to
take hold of the world championship.
* * *
His first season in baseball brought
Bill Werber, Duke university product,
the honor of being the most valuable
player in the Eastern league. The
Yanks farmed him to Albany.
« * *
When Navy and Army broke foot-
ball relations Army was leading in the
long series 14 victories to 12, with two
games tied. The 1030 game gave
Army 15.
* * *
Next year’s national open golf
tourney will be held at Toledo, and
the national public links meet will be
held in St. Paul. The Canadian open
will be contested at Toronto.
* * *
Babe Ruth is still enthusiastic over
the game he pitched and won against
the Boston Red Sox last September.
Ruth plans to pitch now and then
next season. As a pitcher the big
“bambino” would prove interesting to
modern fans who never saw him de-
liver his fast ball and curves.
When and if he is able to get all his
athletes properly assembled, Coach
Ed Kennedy is hopeful of having the
best swimming team that has ever rep-
resented Columbia in the Intercol-
legiate Swimming association.
Up to the present time Kennedy has
fought a losing bout with the eligi-
bility rules. His star swimmer and
water polo player, the sensational Ray
Ruddy, has temporarily withdrawn
from competition to devote all his
time to his studies. Julius “Whitey”
Dolgos, Columbia’s second best swim-
mer and water poloist, is also burning
the midnight oil these days in an effort
to make himself eligible by the be-
ginning of the second term in Feb-
ruary.
the starter if the oil is too thick or
too cold.
The choke should be used sparingly.
Excessive use of this aid to starting
will result in undue amounts of raw
gasoline being drawn into the cylin-
ders, and a certain amount, depending
upon the efficiency of the piston rings,
will leak past the pistons into the
crank case, thereby diluting the crank
case oil.
Whenever the starter encounters
difficulty in spinning the engine be-
cause of cold oil, the crank should
be used to loosen the engine. This
practice will save the battery from
undue drain.
Many car manufacturers advise a
lighter lubricant in the gear case, and
also in the differential housing. As-
certain from the agency handling the
car what grade of oil or grease is
best in those parts, and act accord-
ingly.
Jimmy Collins’ Start
Jimmy Collins, first baseman pro-
moted from Rochester to succeed Bot-
tomley of the Cards, got his start with
Johnstown in the Middle Atlantic
league, along with Joe Cronin, short-
stop with Washington; Eddie Mon-
tague with Cleveland, and Jose
Olivares, shortstop, with Louisville.
The Crimson Tide of Alabama will
lose 13 men by graduation this year.
This includes many of the best grid
men.
* * *
Maj. Frank W. Cavanagh, Fordham
coach who was an all-America end 31
years ago, has produced three unbeat-
en football teams during his lengthy
career.
* * *
Knute Rockne, famous coach of
Notre Dame, sits silent on the bench
during a football battle. He says he
would not insuit the quarterback, by
sending instructions to him during a
contest.
Star Cage Forward
John “Bugs” Bonner, star forward
of the Temple university basketball
team, who is still going strong after
having played and scored in 146 con-
secutive basketball games during the
past seven years. During that time
Bonner has totaled 2,596 points, an
average of 370 per season. Bonner is
also a letter-man in baseball, boxing
and football.
As if this were not enough trouble
for Coach Kennedy, two others of his
swimmers will be barred from com-
peting until the second term. This
pair consists of Johnny Rae, former
interscholastic breast-stroke champion
of New England, and Lou Wimmer,
sophomore sprinter. These two boys
entered Columbia in February, 1930,
and will not be qualified for varsity
competition until February, 1931.
AUTOMOBILE FACTS
A generation is rapidly growing to
manhood in this country that never
heard “coupe” pronounced coo-pay.
* * *
When checking the oil or filling the
crankcase, be sure the car is on level
ground. Otherwise, the oil level read-
ing will be inaccurate.
* * *
It is not necessary to get out of
the car to ascertain if the headlights
are lit. Watch for their reflection in
the rear of a shiny car.
* * *
Is there a rapping noise when the
car coasts with the clutch disengaged?
If there is, it may be that the uni-
versals are badly worn.
* * *
Nearly one-half, or 49.8 per cent, of
the 4,794,898 automobiles manufac-
tured last year replaced worn out
cars which were scrapped.
* * *
There will be fewer South American
revolutions when all the South Ameri-
can people can afford to buy cars and
spend their spare time tinkering, toot-
ing and traveling.
* * *
Statisticians have computed that
the automobile dollar today is worth
$1.22, while the cost of living dollar is
worth only 62 cents, on the basis of
1914 purchasing power.
BERLIN’S HANDY LIFE-SAVING AUTOMOBILE
One of the new interesting life-saving cars of the Berlin Gas works which
were recently put into service. These cars, which are equipped with the
most modern apparatuses, are used at pipe breakings and other disasters.
Cornell’s Big 1931 Rowing
Season Is Seen in Outline
SPORTING SQUIBS OF VARIOUS KINDS FROM ALL PARTS
Flashy Swimming Team Now
Seen at Columbia University
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The Lampasas Daily Leader (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 27, No. 268, Ed. 1 Saturday, January 17, 1931, newspaper, January 17, 1931; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth906012/m1/3/: accessed July 4, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Lampasas Public Library.