The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 11, No. 271, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 21, 1915 Page: 2 of 4
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THR LAMPASAS DAILY LEADER
SHEEP ARE NEGLECTED
,Cur Dog, Parasites and Diseases
Discourage Many.
‘Good Management and Proper Care
Will Control, if Not Eliminate,
These Difficulties—Animals
Are Good Scavengers.
(By E. L. SHAW and L. L. HELLER.)
Many farmers have disposed of
their flocks and many others have re-
frained from entering the business be-
j cause of some of the difficulties that
|are peculiar to this industry. Among
ithe most important of these are cur
jdogs, parasites and diseases. A x:er-
[tain amount of trouble is inevitable
where these abound, but ordinarily
;this should not be sufficient to dis-
courage the flockmaster. Good man-
agement and proper care, will control,
if not eliminate, these difficulties. The
flock that must rustle for itself is the
one that suffers most from these
sources. Sheep are good scavengers,
but should not be made to subsist
upon weeds alone, with little or no
attention on the part of the farmer.
The sooner the owner realizes that
his sheep cannot return satisfactory
profits under such conditions, the
Combination Rack for Feeding Hay
and Grain—Sheep Can Be Fed From
Either Side—Note Construction for
Keeping Chaff Out of Fleeces, ^.iay
the Solid Board at i!wT6p.
betj^r Tf^wlll be for him. Any extra
_ ^-'"care and feed given to the flock gen-
erally yields the greatest returns.
Sheep will increase the fertility of
the soil if they are handled properly.
To do this they should not be per-
mitted to crop off the grass too close-
ly, which they will do if the pasture is
overstocked or if they are kept too
long on one field. Sheep manure, with
one exception, is the most valuable of
all farm manures. It is thinly and
evenly scattered over the ground and
does not produce a rank growth in
spots of the pasture as do other ma-
nures. The manure is also worked
into the soil by the sharp hoofs of
the sheep, so that -it is not washed
away but becomes available as plant
food. This quality has well earned
for sheep the title of “golden hoof.”
In England, land which during Queen
Elizabeth’s reign produced only six
bushels of wheat per acre has been
made to yield 30 bushels at the pres-
ent time by the use of sheep. Better
cultural methods may be the cause of
a portion of this increase, but without
doubt the steep are responsible for
the greater part of it.
Another equally important way that
sheep increase the productivity of the
land is in their destruction of weeds.
Combination Hay and Grain Rack—
Sheep Can Fed From Either Side.
By eating the weeds they make more
Toom for the cultivated crops and In-
crease the supply of plant food and
^water available for them by prevent-
CHICKEN COOP VENTILATION'
Hole Covered With Thick Cloth Will
Provide Necessary Fresh Air and
Exclude Snow and Sleet.
To provide proper ventilation for
a chicken.coop in the winter time is
a very difficult task, unless special ar-
rangement was made for it when the
coop was built. A hole of any 'appre-
ciable size is sure t0 admit a lot of
snow and sleet with every storm. Be-
sides this being harmful for the chick-
ens, It leaves a lot of snow and ice to
melt on the floor of the coop, which
Boon causes it to rot and decay. We
have found, however, that by enlarg-
ing the holes somewhat and' then
tacking several thicknesses of cloth
over them, the proper amount of
jfresh air will be admitted, while the
jsnow and sleet will be excluded. The
'cloth should be a light color so as to
'keep the interior of the coop lighter.
Safest Kind of Farming.
The safest kind of farming is that
jtthich make* It possible for the farm-
ing the weeds from using it. No
other class of live stock, with the ex-
ception of goats, will eat as many
weeds as sheep. By converting these
waste products into wool and mutton
they are a source of profit to the
owner.
CAULIFLOWER EVER POPULAR
Grown to Some Extent Under Glass
for Winter and Spring Markets—
Seed Imported From Europe.
Cauliflower is given much attention
by truck farmers and to some extent
is grown under glass for winter and
early spring markets. Field cultiva-
tion is in vogue'generally, however,
and long after this crop is harvested
on the Atlantic coast, fresh cauliflower
may be seen in the big cities arriving
from California almost daily, thus
making this delicious vegetable avail-
able a large part of the year. Some
truck farmers grow as many as fifty or
sixty acres annually and ready for mar-
ket in late summer and early autumn.
A large part of cauliflower seed is
imported from Europe, and the war
makes the supply for another season
very uncertain. Denmark and Holland
produce large quantities of cauliflower
seed, but it is also grown in other Eu-
ropean countries. The most impor-
tant part of cauliflower cultivation is
the growing of the plants, says Orange
Judd Farmer. A heavy loam with a
gravelly subsoil is considered the most
favorable for this crop. Yet good
yields are often secured on light,
sandy soil. Under glass, cauliflower
can be produced in eight weeks from
the growing of the seed, of course
commanding high prices; the young
plants are set when about four inches
high and between them- In alternate
rows lettuce is planted, as these two
vegetables grow together with har-
mony, requiring much the, same tem-
perature. ■
TEACHING FARM DOGS EARLY
Never Punish a Pup Unless He Can
Associate Punishment With the
Offense—Use Common Sense.
It is a good thing with farm dogs to
teach them early in life to associate
with the other farm animals and with
the chickens, especially. I have found
it useful to take puppies with me into
An Airedale Terrier, Excellent Typo
for Farm.
the poultry runs, keeping a sharp eye
on them. By and by the constant as-
sociation with the fowls kills the nov-
elty and they pay no attention to
them.
It may surprise some people to be
told that dogs have a strong sense of
justice, so, unless you want your pup
to gain a poor opinion of you be Care-
ful when you punish him. Never
punish unless the pup can associate
the punishment with the offense, says
a writer in Outing. The circumstan-
tial evidence may be very strong, but
you had better wait and catch him
in the act.
Common sense is about all that Is
required to rear a puppy into, a dog
which will be a faithful, useful, stead-
fast companion; common sense and
consideration..
Whenever I find one of those "any-
thing-will-do-for-the-pup” kind of peo-
ple I can see in my mind’s eye what
the humans in that family look like.
er and his family to live well. Even
if large crops which must be turned
into cash are produced, unless a large
portion of the food and feed be also
grown most of the cash must be used
to buy the necessaries which doubt-
less could have been raised cheaper
than the cash crops. It is not the
amount of cash we handle that gives
us profit, but the amount above the
cost of production and marketing. We'
enjoy that which gives us the great-
est comfort and convenience.
Double the Crop Yield.
The best authorities agree that the
total of the crops raised from seed in
the United States might be doubled'
by improved methods of farming. To
do this would add $4,000,000,000 to!
$5,000,000,000 to the nation’s wealth
and the resources of its farm popula-!
tion. Apd one of the most important
means to this end is the planting of
good seed.
Have Some Sweet Clover.
Plan now to sow some sweet clover
next spring for sheep pasture. It la
equal to alfalfa in feeding value.
Superior Type
Because of the abundant supply of
cottonseed meal that there is likely
to be in this country this year, special-
ists in the United States agricultural
department believe that the farmer
has a better opportunity to make
money by feeding beef cattle than for
some years past. The feeding value
of cottonseed meal has been recog-
nized by agricultural authorities for
some time and large quantities of it
are exported annually to Europe where
the farmers, especially -those in Den-
mark, are also aware of its usefulness.
It now seems likely that the price of
cottonseed meal will continue to be
considerably lower than in recent years
and the American farmer should there-
fore utilize it to advantage to make
cheap gains.
Two causes combine to lower the
price of cottonseed by-products. In
the first place the cotton crop in the
South this yg,ar is good, and in the
next the foreign Aarkets have been
seriously interfered with by the Euro-
pean war. It is estimated that this
year 15,000,000 bales of cotton will be
produced in the United States. This
should yield 6,680,000 tons of seed.
All of this, of course, will not be
crushed, but if last year’s proportions
hold good again about two million
tons of cottonseed meal will be avail-
able. Last year approximately 400,000
tons were sent abroad. Under present
conditions it is not probable that any-
thing like this quantity will be export-
ed this year, and, as the cotton crop is
larger than before, it is safe to as-
sume that the quantity of cottonseed
meal on the home market will be 500,-
000 tons more than last year. This
situation has already resulted in a
substantial drop in the price of cotton-
seed by-products. Cottonseed meal
can now be bought in the South at
prices ranging from $22 to $24 per ton
instead of $27 to $31 demanded last
year. An even greater decrease has
taken place in the price of cottonseed
hulls, which are now selling at from
$4.50 to $5.50 a ton Instead of $7 to
$9 a ton.
At these prices cottonseed meal is
approximately $15 per ton cheaper
than linseed meal, and in addition its
feeding value is a trifle higher. It
seems obvious, therefore, that the cat-
tle feeder all over the country should
utilize cottonseed meal to a far great-
er extent than he has done in the
past.
This meal Is very rich in protein,
and it is usually considered that its
feeding value is at least twice that of
corn. In other words, one pound of
cottonseed meal is equal to two pounds
of corn for feeding cattle.. A small
portion of cottonseed meal has an even
greater relative value where the ra-
tion would otherwise be composed en-
tirely of feeds high in carbohydrates,
such as corn, corn stover and timothy
hay. This is extremely important to
of Beef Breed.
. ■>.; .jvr_ • 4P ' / i ;
cattle feeders throughout the corn
belt and other states where much,
corn is fed. In Indiana, for example,
it was found that the addition of one
pound of cottonseed meal to a ration
of corn and clover hay resulted in a
saving of 1.37 pounds of corn and 1.41
pounds of clover hay. This means
that if corn was worth 70 cents a
bushel and clover hay $15 a ton, each
ton of cottonseed meal fed the cattle^
saved the farmer $55.40 worth of other
feed. With cottonseed meal at $24
a ton this is a net saving of $31.40—
a saving well worth while.
As a matter of fact cottonseed meal
has been the principal concentrate fed
to cattle in the South for years. In
experiments conducted by the bureau
of animal industry it was found that
with this as the only concentrated
feed gains could be made on steers
very economically. Three hundred
and fifty pounds of meal often pro-
duced as much as 100 pounds of gain.
When fed judiciously, six pounds of
cottonseed meal a day for a period
of 100 to 120 days does not prove
harmful to mature steers. If the steer*!
are to be fed for a longer period, how-
ever, the amount fed should not be
more than four pounds a day. For
wintering cattle it is hard to find a
better or more economical ration than
silage combined with two to three
pounds of cottonseed meal and a little
fodder or stover. Mature cattle can
be wintered on a ration of 30 pounds
of silage, two pounds of cottonseed
meal, and about five pounds of some
dry roughage.
■But in addition tf> its feeding value
the fertilizing value of cottonseed
meal is very high—so high indeed that
often the fertilizing constituents in the
meal are alone worth as much or more
than it now costs. When it is remem-
bered that from 80 to 90 per cent of
this fertilizing value remains in the
manure the opportunities for profit
that its use offers become even more
obvious, *
In view of these facts, specialists
in the department recommend cattle
feeders in all parts of the country to
secure prices on cottonseed by-prod-
ucts and to take advantage of the
cheap foods that they provide. No
other form of concentrated feed, the
specialists say, will prove as profitable
as cottonseed meal this year. In the
South the feeders have an opportun-
ity to get these by-products at lower
prices th^n at any other time during
the last ten years. Combined with
farm-grown feeds, such as corn silage,
they should be able to secure gains
very cheaply, and with the present
high prices for finished cattle, make
good profits. Incidentally it may be
said that if such a movement tends
to strengthen and steady the market-
for cottonseed by-products, this will in
itself be of considerable assistance to
cotton growers in the South.
TWO DISEASES OF POTATOES
Powdery Scab of Tubers Often Gained
Much Headway by Being Confused
With Common Scab.
(By W. J. MORSE.)
No doubt the chief reason that
powdery scab was hot recognized ear-
lier by the potato growers in the sec-
tions where it is now known to occur
is that they failed to distinguish the
disease from the ordinary scab which
pas been common and widely distrib-
uted for many years. In comparing
the two, it may be said in the first
place that the lesions produced by the
common scab are, on the average,
much larger. They are apt to be more
irregular in size and shape and never
appear as distinct warts or pustules,
containing a brownish powder. They
pever produce a browning of the sur-
rounding skin resembling decay, nor a
pronounced shrinkage of the tubers,
and never ffcrm large, deep, eroded
pits or cankered areas in the tissues.
If affected potatoes are wet and
carefully washed to remove super-
fluous dirt, another distinct charac-
teristic can be observed. When wet,
the spots produced by powdery scab
are- invariably darker colored than
those of the common type. Common
scab is, as a rule, nothing more than
a surface ulcer, resulting from the
irritation of the growth of the seed
parasite in the superficial cells of the
tissue. On account of the character
of the lesions thus produced the keep-
ing qualities of the tubers are practi-
cally uninjured and the value for food
purposes is not materially lessened. It
simply makes them unsightly and lesf
easy to prepare for the table.
Cowpea Seed for Stock.
Cowpea seed is used for stock feed.
It has a high feeding value, furnish-
ing about two and one-half times as
much protein and nearly as much car-
bohydrates as com. When fed with
corn meal or other ground grain it
makes especially good feed for dairy
cows or hogs.
Measure Egg Production.
Egg production is not measured so
much by the quantity as by the qual-
ity of the food.
WINNING FOR GOD
Personal Character Counts for
Much in the Teacher of
His Word.
Now, supposing an earnest spirit,
seeking after the Father, comes to us
as his professed ministers in order
to discover the truth of what we
preach, he might very naturally say,
“You tell me about a medicine that is
an infallible cure for ’this ineradicable
taint of sin,’ and describe the terrible
consequences of the disease to me if
I be not cured, and the blessed results
of joyous spiritual health and peace;
but ‘can you show me any person who
has actually been restored from dis-
ease to health by this divine medi-
cine?’ Is all this preaching a mere
idle theory of life? Or if not, where
is the life itself? Art thou thyself
saved? If not—‘Physician, heal thy-
self;' for until then thou canst not
cure me.”
Suppose that this same person
comes into close contact with the
mind of the preacher and that the
more he sees and knows it the more
he discerns in the man such thoughts
regarding God, knowledge of him, such,
a love to him, as convince him that
here at least is a reality and not k
pretense; suppose that the more he
discerns his whole inner life, the
things which give him pain and joy,
the things which he desires and loves,
with his whole feelings toward his
fellow men—feelings expressed in a
life of action, which, in spite of in-1
firmities and shortcomings belonging
to all human beings, the questioner
cannot but recognize a kind of lif^
he never saw before. |
Power of Personal Character.
Supposing that no such evidence Of
the truth of Christianity could be di&-;
covered in the preacher of Christian-
ity; nay, if his character contradicted
his preaching; if while he preached .*
love to God and man, he manifested
neither, but indifference, to say the
least of it, to both; if, while he
preached the necessity and the excel-
lence of the Christian life, he himself
revealed its very opposite—what ef-
fect would this have upon an earnest
spirit, but that Christianity was a
mere ideal system unsuited to the
world, a philosophy of life that migh^.
be believed in, but not a life itsel|
that might be possessed? This wantf
of personal character, however imperl
feet, yet real, may account for the
want of success in the mission of th€
church, to convince the world whether1,
at home or abroad. N;
This, too, may also account for th^
secret of success by many a minister
of whom the world knows nothing:
“For greatest minds are those of
whom the noisy world hears least.”
They may not1 be great in the ordi-
nary sense of the word—great as
thinkers, great as orators, or great
in the possession of any remarkable
gifts; but they are nevertheless grea^
In the kingdom of heaven; great be-\
cause little children—great in meek-’
ness, in patience, in humility, in love
of God and man.
* Only Secret of Power.
What is the secret of their power
tVhat but an eternal reality! Tt
reality of a godly, godlike life
tained from God; and sustained
God, and seen in the eye, and :
in the hand, heard in the words—a
light of life which shines beside many
a dying bed, in many a home of sor-
row as well as in the pulpit. This is
a kind of life whose biography will be
written with the tears of the grateful
orphan and widow and of many a
saved soul.
Such a ministry as this can no more
fail than the love of God which gives
it birth. We may not be men of tal-
ent, and for that we are not responsi-
ble; but we may be good men, be-
cause little children toward God, and.
for that we are responsible.
Be of Good Cheer.
“Be of good cheer,” Christ used to
say to his disciplines. Be cheerful;
that Is our modern English for it.
Carry that sort of look on your face
as of a person who has heard a piece
of rare good news; carry that sort of
tone in your voice. If the circum-
stances of your life are depressing;
if yqu have known what is to suf-
fer />ain, or to lose your goods, or
even to lose your friends, and in spite
of that can “be of good cheer,” it will
mean all the more; a candle shines
all the brighter when It is shining
in the dark.—William R. Richards.
Divine Tranquillity.
Divine tranquillity grows from the
life of God in the soul, which is the
same as the life of pure love. Why
should a soul be otherwise than tran-
quil, which seeks for nothing but
what comes in the providence of God,
and which, forgetful of self, has noth-
ing to do but to love? It has an in*
nate conviction, strong as the ever-
lasting foundations, that, if there is a
God above us, all is well, all must be
well.—Thomas C. Upham.
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Vernor, J. E. The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 11, No. 271, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 21, 1915, newspaper, January 21, 1915; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth906219/m1/2/: accessed June 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Lampasas Public Library.