The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 7, No. 2018, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 8, 1910 Page: 3 of 4
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ROFITABLE DAIRYING
liimnm--- 1 ........ ■■
By- HUGH G. VAN PELT
Dairy Expert Iowa State Dairy Association
t
Judgment in Feeding
J
To accomplish the most profitable
results from the dairy herd judgment
must always be used in selecting and
preparing the feeds which compile the
ration. It is not a new idea that
«heay feeds are oftentimes more stim-
ulating to great results than are those
feeds which sell for high prices. There
was a time when the feeder of the
corn belt was misled into believing
that there were certain feeds that it
fed in small amounts had the power
of producing great results. Conse-
quently lie was led to purchase in
large amounts patent stock foods
which cost him anywhere from $100
to $200 per ton. Ten years ago there
were thousands of tons of such feed
«old annually, but greatly to the credit
of the cresent-day farmer and feeder,
there is being very little of this food
sold at the present time. The farmer
realizes that all foodstuffs are made
up of the same kinds of nutrients;
Mew Tile Silo at Iowa State College.
namely, protein, carbohydrates, fat
and mineral matter. The only dif-
ference between any of these feeds is
In the proportion of these different
nutrients. When the patent stock
foods were analyzed it was found that
they contained less protein, or the
most expensive feeding nutrient, than
<did oil meal, cottonseed meal, gluten
feed and many of the commercial
foodstuffs upon the market that are
sold for the purpose of forming a bal-
anced ration when fed with corn. The
chief value of the stock foods rested,
of course, In their stimulating and ap-
petizing power. In other words, these
foods had the power of adding palata-
bility to the ration, but the intelli-
gent, successful feeder of,today finds
it possible to so mix his ration as to
make it sufficiently palatable without
the use of these condiments costing
eight or ten cents per pound.
Six Points to Consider in Feeding.
Besides the consideration of quality
'and quantity, there are six essential
joints to be considered in formulating
.rations for the herd. They must be
(palatable so that the cow will eat in
large amounts and wraste very little
©f the feed. They must contain a suf-
^cient amount of digestible nutrients
,and for this reason concentrates must
dae fed in addition to hay J straw and
’.grass. They must be inexpensive in
order to insure a profit. There must
’be a sufficient amount of variety in
order that the feeder may change his
ration from time to time and keep
ithe cow always ready for her next
meal. There must be a certain amount
•of succulence summer and winter If
ithe ration is to accomplish the best
results.
The Silo.
One of the chief sources of all of
jthese points is the silo. There is no
(feed more palatable, more easily di-
gested, affording more of a variety
jand costing as small an amount in
’the corn belt as does corn silage and
jl am confident that the time is close
at hand when silos on the farm will
be as plentiful as corn cribs are
at the present time. It has other ad-
vantages In that it is useful in feeding
(other farm animals. It supplies in
Ithe winter time the succulence of the
jJune pastures. It is convenient in
(that the feeder is not compelled to go
(to the cornfield and pick the dry corn-
istalks out of the snow on cold, frosty
(mornings. Experiments prove that
jmilk and butter fat can be produced
for at least one-third less cost where
■corn silage is used than where the
cow must subsist wholly on dry feed.
The farmer of the corn belt, has .during
the past year, demonstrated that he
is aware of the fact that silage is one
of the very best and cheapest feeds
that can be supplied to farm animals.
In Iowa there are to be found up to
this year in the neighborhood of 1,200
silos on farms ,and during the present
year there have been sold and erected
on other Iowa farms in the neighbor-
hood of 1,200 more and likely It is
that during the coming year the num-
ber of silos in this state will” be again
doubled. The chief objection to the
silo at the present time, and, in fact,
the only objection that the writer has
heard for some time, is that the first
cost is a considerable expense—which
is true. However, if one stops ttr'com-
pare the actual cost of storage space
of foods for farm animals it is readily
found that the silo is the cheapest
structure that can be built upon the
farm.
Capacity of the Silo.
It is a well-known fact that 400
cubic feet of barn space is required
for the storage of one ton of clover
hay; 50 cubic feet of silo space will
suffice for the storage of one ton of
silage; therefore it requires eight
times as much storage space in the
hay mow to store one'- ton of feed as
it does in the silo. However, corn
silage contains 80 per cent, of water
and for this reason the silo will not
contain as great an amount of dry
matter in comparison, but we do find
that one cubic foot of silo space con
tains as much dry matter as two
cubic feet in the hay mow, and re-
duced to terms of digestible feeding
nutrients, which in reality is the
standpoint from which all foodstuffs
should be figured, we find that one
cubic foot of silage space will hold as
many digestible feeding nutrients as
two and one-third cubicvfeet of space
in the hay mow. In consequence, if
we were to build a hay mow that
would hold as much feed as a 100-ton
silo, it would be necessary to build a
barn with a storage space for 800 tons
of hay, or if we were to supply the
same storage capacity as is found in
a 100-ton silo for the storage of dry
matter, a barn with a capacity of 200
tons of hay would be necessary. Fig-
uring further, if we were to build a
barn with the capacity for holding di-
gestible feeding nutrients in amounts
as great as could be stored in a 100-
ton silo, it would be necessary to
build a barn with the capacity to hold
233 1-3 tons of clover hay. This win-
ter in particular demonstrates more
clearly than most winters the value of
a silo and the feeding nutrients that
There Is on® distinct advantage In
corn silage which Is not enumerated
in Its feeding analysis. That Is the
moisture or succulence which it con-
tains. The American feeder has not
realized in the past the great value of
succulence added to the ration of his
farm animals. It is a common saying
that animals fed largely for a long
time on dry corn become burnt out,
and true it is that their digestive ap-
paratus has become more or less im-
paired. This result is overcome by
the feeding of succulent foods, which
fact has been recognized by feeders of
the older countries for many years.
Rations for dairy animals as well as
for other farm animals in Scotland,
England, Ireland and other countries
across the water are made up largely
of beets, mangoes and carrots.
Prominence of the Silo.
In the eastern sections of the United
States, or more truly in the dairy dis-*
tricts, there is seldom a farm with-
out one or more silos, and the day is
rapidly coming when the man without
a silo will have a difficult time in ma-
king a profitable competition with the
one who resorts to thq^use of the silo.
This is true of all farm products and
especially is it true of dairy products
if the consumer has been led to the
point where he is paying extremely
large prices. As a matter of fact, he
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Improved Silo.
is paying for dairy products almost
as much as he can afford to pay and
the dairy farmer should begin to real-
ize that he is receiving extremely
large prices for the commodities
which he is producing. It is a shame
and a disgrace for the farmer in the
corn belt to be compelled to say that
he cannot afford to produce butter for
an average price of from 25 to 30 cents
a pound the year through, or mill*
averaging when it reaches the con-
sumer more than five cents a quart.
This statement is in view of the fact
that farmers in older countries are
doing this very thing on land which
rents annually for as much as a large
portion of the land in the corn belt
sells for. It is possible to make great
profits out of the dairy business at the
present prevailing prices of both dairy
products and food stuffs, but it is
A GREAT INVENTOR
Activities of George Westing-
house Circle the Globe.
Genius Who Holds 15,000 Patents and
Whose Air Brake Is in Universal
Use on Railroad Trains
of the World.
can be saved through its use. It was
estimated that in the middle of Janu-
ary there was remaining in the corn-
fields of the corn belt from 20 to
25 per cent, of this last year’s crop
which could not be harvested on ac-
count of the severe snowy weather.
As a result of this, much of this year’s
crop of corn was ruined and
wasted. One of the largest corn rais-
ers in Iowa who is also a dalrymaD
and milks from 60 to 75 cows, had all
of his corn crop under shelter where
it could not be wasted in view of the
fact that over 50 acres of his corn
went at once into his enormous silos
and was in good condition to afford
the greatest amount of feeding nu-
trients in the most palatable and di-
gestible form. The remainder of his
corn was cut up at once and put into
shocks to be shredded and the better
portion of the shredded fodder used
to supply dry matter for the cows in
conjunction with the silage, and those
portions which might be termed as
waste were used as bedding to absorb
the nitrogenous waste from the ani-
mals and returned again to the
field during the late winter or early
spring in the form of fertilizing con-
stituents for the upbuilding of th^.
fields from which the crop itself was
taken.
New York.—The recent retirement
of George Westing-house, for nearly
twenty-five years head of the Westing-
house Electric and Manufacturing
company, recalls the career of this
Napoleon of invention.
For many years the name of George
Westinghouse has been a name to
conjure with. The man has been a
modern fulfillment of the Aladdin
lamp idea. Everything he rubbed
with his inventive genius became a
w'onder article; everything he touched
turned to gold. First it was the fam-
ous air brake, that great appliance by
which “he saved more lives than
Napoleon lost in all his battles.” Then
it was the system of operating rail-
way signals and switches by com-
pressed air; after which came the in-
necessary for the farmer and dairy-
man to surround his efforts with bet-
ter conditions In the form of better
cows, better feed produced more in-
telligently and combined more thought-
fully. In other words, the time is close
at hand when the up-to-date farmef
will be vaBtly different from the farm-
er and dairyman that we have known
in the past. He will place himself
more in a position of the business
man, the merchant or the manufac-
turer. He will be acquainted with
every individual animal upon his farm
even as is the merchant acquainted
with everyone of hfs customers. He
will be acquainted with every feature
pertaining to every acre of ground of
which his farm is made up, even as
the manufacturer Is acquainted with
every machine In his factory. When-
ever this time comes conditions on
the farm will not only be more inten-
sive but methods will be more diversi-
fied and although it is difficult to pre-
dict that prices of farm commodities
will be much greater than they are at
the present time, it is a certainty that
farms will be more valuable and the
commodities that are now being pro-
duced upon the farm, especially tha
dairy products, will be produced for a
much less cost per pound than at the
present time.
George Westinghouse.
candescent lamp, the gas engine, the
steam turbine, electrical ^ motors and
machines by the score, and a thousand
other inventions that placed Mr.
Westinghouse at the time of his re-
tirement in control of the largest ag-
gregation of patented appliances in
the world. Fifteen thousand patents
are filed away in his strong box. His
activities circle the globe; there are
Westinghouse plants in Russia, Can-
ada, Great Britain, Germany and
France. His parent plants are of
course in or near Pittsburg, more es-
pecially Wilmerding.
To condense the career of this man,
who ranks with Watt, Stephenson,
Morse and Whitney, into a paragraph
or two, the biographers tell us that he
was born at Central Bridge, Schpharie
county, New York, on October 6, 1846.
A decade later his parents moved to
Schenectady, where his father became
in time connected with the prosperity
class as owner of certain agricultural
works. The tinkering son divided his
attention between the school and the
shop; when he wasn’t masticating his
books, he was monkeying with the
buzz-saw. At fifteen he had invented
and made a rotary engine. One day
the notion struck him that he'd like
to help Uncle Sam out in the navy.
So he took a shot at the examinations
and_scored a hit, landing a job as as-
sistant engineer. Before he reported
for duty the Civil war had broken out.
He enlisted in the Twelfth New York
National Guard, re-enlisted later in
the cavalry, and finally turned up on
the high seas as an engineer on the
gunboats Muscoota and the Stars and
Stripes.
After Gettysburg was fought and
won, his thirst for more education
LONG VOYAGE UNDER THE SEA
Route of United States Submarine’s
800-Mile Trip Beneath Surface
of the Ocean.
Boston.—The United States Subma-
rine Salmon recently completed the
remarkable run of 800 nautical miles
• s:
landed him in Union college. Two
years there were enough for him. The
magic of machinery called him away
from the academic life, and he found
happiness again by taking up his old
work in his father’s factory. It was
while working there that he invented
the air brake. Railrcad managers who
first jeered at his idea of “stopping a
train with wind” had to eat humble
crow. In a short time the invention
was in universal use and had revo-=
lutionized railroading, as locomotives
could be constructed that would travel
at a high rate of speed, so long as
they had that little lever in the cab,
which by a single turn of the en-
gineer’s wrists would bring the train
to a standstill in half its length. In
the United States all railroads are
compelled by law to use the device,
and this was adopted by congress
and everywhere around the great
curve of the world the “whistle of
Westinghouse” air brake is heard.
His first prominence in electricity
came with his purchase from Gaulard
& Gibbs of alternating electric cur-
rent patents. This was in 1885, and
he met great opposition from public
sentiment in trying to perfect and in-
troduce this system for lighting and
power making. At the time of the
Chicago world’s fair in 1893 he re-
ceived the contract for lighting by
making a bid of $1,000,000 under
others. His shop in Pittsburg soon
became the place where electrical ex-
perts of the world gathered. Tesla
went there and received Westing-
house’s financial and practical help in
developing the induction motor.
Westinghouse built the first ten
great dynamos for Niagara. He also
constructed the dynamos for the ele-
vated and subway lines in New York.
INDIANS WITH FLAT HEADS
Northwestern Tribe Among Whorr
Mechanical Compression of the
Head Is Still Practised.
Seattle, Wash.—The Chinook In-
dians of the Pacific coast region are
now about the only tribe of American
aborigines who flatten their heads,
whence the term applied to them—
Flatheads. This compression of the
head, brought about by mechanical
means, is applied in infancy and the
process is continued for several
months. In time most of the effects
of the flattening process wear away
and the head gradually tends to as-
sume normal shape.
Originally head-flattening was prac-
tised among various tribes, including
the Chickasaws, Choctaws, Caribs,
Toltecs and the ancient Peruvians,
and the custom was ascribed, but very.
V
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Two Flathead Indians.
erroneously, to the Selish Indians, who
never indulged in the practise a? all.
The Chinooks live along the Strait of
Fuca and are chiefly a fishing and
maritime people. They are commonly
diminutive, with ill-shaped limbs and
unprepossessing features and their
complexion is darker than that of the
other redskins of the northwest.
Route of the Salmon.
from Provincetown, Mass., to Hamil-
ton, Bermuda. Captain Munn, who was
in charge of the craft on its unique
trip, says it has proved the durability
One On the Speaker.
They were heckling him at a polit-
ical meeting. At last he could stand
it no longer.”
“Who brayed there?” he cried out
sarcastically.
“It was only an echo,” retorted
somebody amid much laughter.—Tit-
Bits.
of the submarine boat. This is the
first time one of them has attempted
an ocean voyage unattended or has
visited a foreign port.
Stork May Bring Pension.
Pensacola, Fla.—Mr. and Mrs. T.
Barberi of this city received from
Governor Gilchrist, the other day, a
hands me spoon bearing the seal of
the state of Florida. Married nine-
teen years ago, the wife now only thir-
ty-seven years old, Mr. and Mrs. Bar-
beri are the parents of 13 children.
Six of the children are twins. Gov-
ernor Gilchrist suggested that the leg-
islature pass an act allowing the
parents a pension.
Helps the Imagination.
Townsend—Skinner is making lots
of money with his new thermometer.
Beers—What is there peculiar about
it9
Townsend—It’s a reverse effect; the
mercury goes up with the cold andi
down with the heat. It’s a wonderful
help for people who want to imagine'
they are more comfortable than they
are.
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Vernor, J. E. The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 7, No. 2018, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 8, 1910, newspaper, September 8, 1910; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth906816/m1/3/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Lampasas Public Library.