The Christian Messenger. (Bonham, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 13, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 14, 1875 Page: 1 of 4
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Fannin County Area Newspaper Collection and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Bonham Public Library.
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Dcvorid to tho 'lielisrion of Chri*»t ; in Fact, Precept, Promise anti Enjoymont.
YOL. I.
BONHAM, FANNIN COUNTY, TEXAS: WEDNESDAY, APRIL 14, 1875.
NO- 13.
tty Christian Messenger,
Published every Wednesday
Chas. Carlton & Tom U. Barnett*
BONHAM, - - TEXAS.
There is an agent between, ing the kingdom of God and Jesus never receive, and which you have show that the word Of God or gos-
before thev heard the apostles i So wti fere of the operation of the I Christ and were baptized both men ! no authority from Script lire to prom-! pC] is the means bv which conver-
«< * j . - ' 1 j • ion U.nm V.in« fi v- mnntl.o’ .
preach the gospel on Pentecost. Je-j Spirit—there is a book between, but, and women.’
Terms—per annum, -
six months, -
THE DEBATfc.
Fourth proposition.
“ In the conversion of the sinner
Ihe Holy Spirit operates iiuthediate-
ly on the heart.”
SPEECH;
says to Ins disciples* “I will pray
the Father and he shall give you
another Comforter*” and says, “ye
shall know him for he shall be in
you.” At this time not a word of
00 the gospel or tllb truth had been
written. When the Comfort^ came,
he did operate powerfully upon
them, without Words. Ih Acts it is
saiil the Samaritans received the
gospel or word of God and were
baptized, and then "Peter and John
went down there and laid hands on
them and the Spirit came directly
upon them in miraculous power* cer-
tainly operating, directly, fof it was
alter they bad received tlfo word*
ditzler’s first
We can discuss this question upon !
the agreement adopted yesterday,:
11,at we would t-onfino ioursolvM 1,cn™ conld not have been through
strictly to the Engl,si, language. We I O'0 'vord- At ">« b<>»“ of Corn«1‘-
use the word conversion here, I su,c |113 H«!f Gll°9t fo11 1ihc,n, “nd
pose, in its popular sensc-^-that it
includes a change of heart, regener-
ation and all that is usually meant
my friend agrees it was a direct op-
eration. ‘ Our only difference is
whether this vjcis a conversion or
fcy the term. \Ve contend' that i5h| nut- 11 is sai'1 ,hcd' m:,S'>,fied God,
tins change of heart or convert,on taml ,his Prores lho>' " crc converted;
im-
IIow ranch did thev! th«ln;. >',,ur six-montl,s’ j.roha- ^ fc :vcc.0,nl,|ishcd. But they arc
the Spirit operates the same, and it lack of being converted/ \\ hy there and abolished) was instituted ex-! speaking more especially of convte-
' ‘ tion* as it is called* and not of con-
version in its popular sense. I ad-
mit that the truth convicts the sin-
ner: God is said to work in ns—td
will and td do—Avhile we also havd
to work out our own salvation. Now
if God works in us, he does it ltnmc-
diately: God’s word and God are
not one Hnd the same. David called
On God to create within hi in a right
is still the Spirit’s work. The gen- was a great Revival* and multitudes pressly for these waiting people, and
tleman is in doubt as to what we were converted and were there re-; you know you hav*i not a single bit
mean. Perhaps he has not studied ijoicing and praising God—nil bap-^d’ authoritj' in Scripture for any of
it much, or has been too much prej- j tized believort-nnd the apostles j £
udiccd, 01* like the Jews reading A\cnt down there and mid hands on the Spirit, in the davs of the
Moses he has put a strained con- them that they might receive the apostles? Whoever saW anything
struetion on it: But let him give j miraculous gift of the Holy Ghbstj! in the Bible similar to a Methodist
himself to the proposition, and leave that was meant for a certain pur-!^*^jdJ 1 here } on leal ft the go>-
it to me to niHkc our position under1
stood. In this work* (Mission of
, , t pci tvds the power of God unto sal-
pose, hut not to convert people. In ; ^Uo„ cV‘rV onc that bc|ieTcd it.
the conversion of the eunuch the j The preachers were sent out to
where they have not the gospel the
Spirit operates directly on the heart
the Spirit*) very highly recommend- Spirit was in Philip and Philip spoke i preach it, so the people could believe | Spirit* This of course must have
cd by the Methodist Southern Re- to the eunuch and hfc believed and if, and when they believed it thfey I been a direct work: We do not bo-
view* it is said that* in heathen lands obeyed, but never had any direct j dh^norwaU'at Iiev° tbij3 doctrine teaches force or
operation of the Spirit* although ' ;ln for the Spirit. In a part of Illi-1 cocrcion or destroys man’s freedom;
went on his way rejoicing. Let me j nois through which I was passing! the Spirit woos and persuades* but
and its effects are irresistible. That j just here state the difference! there was a Methodist revival in docs not coerce. All Hur pfeachers
is right. If the Spirit operates di- j between thest* Methodists and the! progress.^ At the lioiinc where 1 present this doctrine iti the same
reetly, its effect? hiust needs be irre-j Bible. There the Spirit says to the
sistible. Htrw elsu could it be when { preacher* Go preach the gospel—
now
it docs not t-omc through the under-j that is to convert sinners—but
standing and by personal volition? they get a parcel of mourners around
This doctrine destroys man’s voli- the altar and they call on the Spirit1 ^d> O Lord*
* * A I T.rtwl «*Lo4 aoi
tion—he is not a free
agent.
But
S,01,1,0,1 there was a lady inhtf «ov-. Whfrn it ■„ ^ m Comfort-
enticth vear, who had been it mourn- . , , >
er eighteen years, and I din never 01 eoUld ncd bo received by tho
forget the cries of that gt)6d Woman world* it alludes not to those spo-
ils each night at the altar she repeat- j c-ially who were dot Apostles, but to
what can
Lord, what can I do! ’ The prerich-
I d°* --P people tti a wdrblly sense; for wo
hand then when the apostles
as trees walk-
the Spirit operates directly or
mediately on thh heart. We are Peter hearse the story they neiu j and now “ sees men
not denying that the Spirit operates jtheir P«“e a,*(l said God had grant* | iaS‘” But tbat is thc doctrine5 Bro-
through the word* or in many other icd to ^bo entiles ^repentance unto
Wavs* outside of the gospel or among !lir°’ Keci,^r tho-v hav® received the
the'heathen, or even in this land of iI(dX Glu^tas well as we”—showing
I they understood it to be A eonver-
| sion. Lydia's heart was opened—a
hre tatlght, that in thrit* ease it ope- d‘n^ ,u*" oao P^ace ^
rates directly on the heart in eonver-! '^'c diat raised Jesus from the
Bion. Ottf friends confound thc word dcad dwdl in 118 il wiH raise ™ UP
j at the last da}‘» Here the Spirit is
to dwell in us till thc resurrection,
and it is this that is to raise us. If
« amt '««% U,C1Spif #™i0 ^
her to trust thc Lord, that thb Spirit j. besides the Apostles. Me admit
thc fog and repudiates that part *Jf it j preacher tells it to go. All wrong j would descend by aifdhy—when she‘that ih these cases the Spirit was
to go and convert them. There it
j ° t*re muuu uriMinu imiu # ivciii iviim^
Bro. Ditzky has got partly out of tells the preacher to go^hcre the her to irhat tho Lord, that thb Spirit
r------1--------*nii.. u ♦ ' •— A U wrong j would descend by Aifd by—when she ----— ------ --------~r~
tells the ^ud already frtisted thc Lord and I sent miraculously* and not
had as riltich faith in him as any ot nmT }Klvc j^. but as the greater al-
ii eard
held j and now “
gospel truth; but wc savin apply-
ing it to responsible persons, that
gospel with tho written word
make them thc same, when they are
hot. We do not den}* the Spirit op-
erates through thc truth—we believe ^,od "0,e sound a thoilsrma Ga-
it. Our differences liave nareowcdl f>nM‘bc l.ornfl otir inanimate dii>t
down within a few years to a very! W0ldd T1(,f ar*sc» without thh Spirit
~ " In anothef plac-e
Ditzler; the gospel is a
moral suasion and all its power in
its words and truths and arguments,
or it is a system of force, and man a
machine. The idea that ihe Spirit
converts by a direct impact is the
strongest sort of Calvinism, and
there’s where it came from. There
is middle ground between three
here, my friends. God
world that it is by the foolishness of,
system of] preaching sinners are to be convcrt-
as we
them, but had (poor ?dul) been mis-
led on thc subject of waiting and
ways includes the less* this miracu-
lous influence always purified thosd
who received it, if they were not al-
little of their writers occupy ' °^ ^*od t0 ra'scIn anothuf placfc will come in.” Watson, that good ! convert them*) and for a very* differ
our ground exactly. Iam glad of | SJ‘id the Spirit bcareth witness! old Methodist book they have to [ ent purpose than conversion? Here ! grief in the dark ganlen of Gcthsem-) should be deceived in this change of
it- I leave mv friend *to state the ■ with our spirits that we are the chil- study four years, says the whole j were- Peter and his six Jewish breth- jane, how hfc prayed that this cup heart by direct operation; we believe
different^ In thc act of conversion'drcn God. In another place, j work of conversion is effected by ren, who bad yet to be camvinced ni\^ht pass; tell them how h£ had tc? that he can at any time correct bis
! “ the Spirit belpeth our infirmities,” ■ the word of truth of gospel—by that the Gentiles were to receive the i?J*i ,n*stake: But if upon my-friend’s
ed. “ Not so, Lord,” says my broth- weeping for1 the Spirit: You tell
er Ditzler* “ it is by a direct opera- me,that woman was not ii believer*
tion of'the Itolj* Spirit.” Says God, and ^ad no and would not I ready purified, and that was convcr-
“» «hcGud““«>!iphcl-^f.r^ht'U?^1! N«‘ ei“n.'.. ,Joel tl,c ^ ^ to k”
salvation to every one that belieyeth no j j know a ladf ?n nit* state tVho! Pdarcd ont FLfesn, not spe-
it.” “ Not so, Loi-d,” say3 Bro. ] fdr twenty years waited and prayed ] eially the ApoStlfc'S: in giving a do-
Ditzler, “it takes more than that— for this direct operation of thc Spir- seription of the conversion of tho
there must be a direct operation of ^ and deceiving it, ^ her reason ] Gentiles* IVtcr says it was a like
and moral suasion. The principle (the Spirit on the heart.”
of Christianity is that man is tree, us the ease of Cornelius.
Jesus says, “ Behold I stand at the thc operation of the Spirit
door and knock, if any man hear j conversion?
my voice and will open the door I; the apostles, (and theirs,was not to
,r . fled, and she is now in the IHuatit*1 ^ • j t
Hc HIVCS j nsvlnm a hopeless manide. No; Brit; *«,(,■ h.vl rcce.vud In.noth-
Now was, nitrW it is not in tho Bihlo: and cr P,a«5 wc read that the Spirit ia
Ditzler* it is not in the Bible* and
a you are doing a great wrong to mis- given to cyory man to profit withal.
>f'lead people to think so. Preach the My friend will agree Avith me that
gospel—tell the people of His life unjCSH a
of toil, his goodness of heart, his . .
arts of kimtnes; tell them of good.
man has faith his baptism
Now suppose a man
power in words; that is,ail thc pow-l *
er the Sjiirit has over the minds or ‘soa^‘d
ondan* cause* but by a direct act ofj is the reason fi*t* it. Peter, in an- them how he went down lfito the j WOald be eternally ruined, for hd
thc Spirit on the heart. He speaks other place, sayS fh* Gentiles by his f^Vomb-1 and 'then * tell ^hem lie °*an not "° ovcr thc »amc ground
ot the Spirit moving on thc water, mouth were to receive' the gospel r<ime forth triumphant* that vre again. (Jura is the safe side. Prof.
Now, Bro. Ditzler, is man like water?, and believe* and says tliai fitith pu- might rise with him—tell them this, Milligan, president of efrm of their
—inanimate, inert, without reason rifles the heart. Then it could not for this is the gospel, and it is the j colleges* say? tb*t it is jlosvible tho
or volition? Has water got care? be thc operation of the Spirit here I SPiri^ “ TfT;1n to bdlieve tho
truths Of ihe gospel, ,in some way
unknown to rfs, after his conversion*
Spirit strove with the people—like j heart was opened by the Lord, and
drink it to the dregs,
there is an influence of the Spirit on ] ”l,,c °P,m ,K‘*Ptnn our mnrmmcs, ■ mu worn oi irum or gospci—oy mar me cremues.were to receive me iove<l the woHd that he gave hi*!"u‘“ ur™ «■«««-
the heart. Mr. Campbell ^y^ j and shows us what to pray tor. In means of these. But Bro. Ditzler gospel and be baptized, and they s&ri t9 die for it; point them to his - theoIT he shodld mistake.in hrtfdith
*‘Kvery sjiirit puts forth its moral Ephesians wc have the language, comes up here and affirms that it is had then to convince all thc other sufferings on thc cross, When he said an(l repentance* or baptism should
that ye believed yc were all done without means, or any sce^apesttcs of the same thing, lienee this with bowed read ‘It is finished;’ tell not be for remission of sins, ho
with that Holy Spirit of i ondarv cause, but by a direct act on
ftetiorts ot* habits of men it puts] P1*001*80- -This is tho promise in
forth irt Afdrufl to ilffi ear or cyc.jJ<*h In sealing the seal is always
Alt the power of Cicero and Demos-; al»P,ied to thc thing sealed,
thencs was in their words.” Ht.' In another place it says, “By one
holds that God influences people i BP*rl* "c aro baptized into one
just like Cicero and Demosthenes.d>odY* A person always comes in
h.us; contact *Vith the element in baptism.
man
'‘The only mofal poAVfer rt
over another is in thb arguments t*5! ft ‘said,
his understanding As the spirit ofs Hath tlio witness in himself.” In j tw«r men striving with each other! this must have been a direct opera-
man puts fbrth all its* power in ft* j hhother place wc sre said to have j Does he mean the Spirit actually en- J tion. If so, it was opened before
Words* so the Spirit of God puts jan ,motion from a,)OVC> tl,at K an j gaged in a contest with these people?
anointing. An Anointing substance j NN as it don(f without words? Ui
“lie that bclieveth
God gives a man taith by letting him that purified the hearts of the horise- a{0ne° y'our
hbar the word of God. And the | hold of Cornclju^. lie says Lydia’s i ttpc'raiitffi.
it. And let
unauthorized direct
pitzler’s second speech.
Ladies (tnd gentlemen, to-night is
puffi i ““ “““ ..... ..........— i'"'i'*-. jcomcraion, not in con\eraion; then jast of our discussion. To-mor-
forth all its poAvcr in the gospel or' anointing. An Anointing substance | Was it don« without words? Ui | he assumes that the Lord opened her j 1W mv distinguished opponent
th$ truth.* lie savs God's power i-!(a8 oil) comes i» contact j course not—Noah preached a hun- heart without Avords, which can not mkcs ^ leave of fmtr state, and I
MUniprffenti but to be consistent with iwilhlhc VCT9on- A11 thcH° Scrip-, dred and twenty years, and this is be proved. I knew a man in Ken-! wi„ soon fo|low hint; We did not
itself it only acts after its own plan,lurC8 show tlierc is a dim‘t op- j bow long the Spirit strove, just as j tucky who went down in somo of comc aU thc wav from 0Ur homes to
t>f moral srfHsion, as stated. I will j ©ratio" of tM Spirit on the heart. | long as Noah preached; Jesus says the lower counties to raise some Tcxas to gjinply try our strength
show that the doctrine here set forth J We bd,ovc l,ic Bib,c shod!d ^ r««dt Il)t ccrtam 0n0H’ U Their car8 bave j money, and he came back and said again8t cach other, for that had been
Is not eonwrtifnt with tlfo Bible.5 and wo "“d it as much as the gen- they stopped and their eyes have in his pHbkcHtion of the matter that dono befor0j but to discuss Before
Christ and the apostles were JeAvs, church—hence if their iloc-1 they dosed, lest they should hear ] the Lord opened thc hearts and poek-1 you what each of us believes to be'I _ _
trine »• true, avc are on sufo ground, j with their care and see with their ets of the people (sinners and aH);thc truth. M'e have met<fn the level/] ^oodTJo^^^ iTnTi should
by strengthening his poAvere of mind
and heart: So say Ave,and we think
it certain the Spirit also helps tho
sinner in the sairtc AVay. Tho Avork
is the same—it is a direct operation
—and man is tho same in all his szt-
tribates. M'e believe tho Spirit
helps our infirmities—btfth saint and
sinner:
SWEENY’S SECOND SPEECII.
I very heartily endorse all that
} my AA’orthv friend, has said aibdnt the
find to learn what they believed on trine true, Ave are on mic gronnu, [ wuu u.eu- can. aim see wun xneir ets ot the people (smnera amraiiy thc trUth. Wc have met dir thc level/1^(, thde 0xhrt8 and should
r? 'S:: ::;:zzz,‘£z%
there set forth. The first time th* cIaim and more* Mr-(’amPben «kvs tbe wa>’ hc inverted people, by let-. but that is not m conversion, and has this question—some directly, others ,|0nrVt differcnces - He said at the
Spirit is thcro named it is said to or-1 before a man tan receive the Spirit, tmg them hear and see and under- no business in Vhi? controversy, as | in(lirol.t,y; Mv opponent Brings up (>lo„ th- moril;n‘fr in reftrom* ti*
crate directly. “ And thc Spirit ofilb- **** mnst bc P,irificd and! stand. That is how he strove. He hATf thc texts he has quoted: lie j a case ltcm€t jn Illinois. Now th6re j m iir,nimcut. that Satan operated
God moved upon tbe AA-aler.” It is changed; and it this be true, the; refera to Joel, and eaj s on 1 enteeost quotes, f V. e have received the spirit j are peVqfie everywhere-Iff bis ehuivh on us. .uuj j^a|>TT1 b*is no Avon!-
again Mid* to Noah, “My Spirit 'hang-i« wrotyM. without the Spir-1 the Spirit just came down in its mi- of adoption whereby we cry Al.I.a, as well ^ mine, ttoft entertain 1........
shall not always strive Avith man.” b>* the *r»»th abmo^.and hence’nw ufous abundance and operated Father.” Another te'.-tt has it; “ Bc vcry ^»gc notions of things. I
Here it is represented as striving, jthc *sl,irit docs ,,ot ^rate through upon them directly.- It did not do cause yc are sons, God has scut the ! too‘could rfntroduec some ludicrous
this way to the multitude,- did it, spirit of his Son into your hearts' examples* but Avill not—they do not
If this is not
When one man strive^ with another' *be truth but after it. ^ 4
does be not operate dirertly against thc gentleman’s position, hc can set Bro. Ditzler? H did not just come crying -Abba, Father.” The world boar on tbis qu<?8tion. lie says the
him or iffmtt him? Wh#n fha Jews ‘ mc ri«ht- I have shown you from j down in streams on them promiseu- don’t cry Abba, Father, lie says [imilKHtiate action of the Spiritpro-
went up out erf bondage to Avorahiji dw>*b Hie old and new Scriptures °u-!\ . No. It anus given directly they were “sealed by the Spirit.; eludesthe use ofmeans.-arel instances
at Jerusalem, it is said God turned tbat lbo spirit operates directly fnt j to thc apostles—but was that to con- Yes, but it wus “after” they believed, ] bv fbo boojj amt i,js hand; but this
the heart of thd king of Assyria to fthc' ***** 1 «*« sbo'v» tTi,m tlu* vert tbe,n? WeM» in eonveraion not in converaioi?, He quotes, “ Bj jwiH not do, for while I strike my
♦hem. Here ho moved directly up- j Seri fit ures, fifty things pedieat- j then, how did it act? Peter called one Spirit wc are all baptized into han(1 a>,ainst my band directly,!
Inanoth- ed of the wor*l that are not predi- to them to hearken, and lie spoke one body.” But he don’t mean to novcrtheldss use my A'otitKYi to
It is
not admitted {fiat Satan enters into
a man and operates directly on him,
without means: There is no proof
of the fact. And all this about tho
gilts of tho Spirit has no connection
hcrif. One man Avas given prophe-
cy, another tongues, another faith ;
but was that converting faith ? My
friend will not so hold. That w«*
miraculous faith—inountain-movhi'g
faith. Neither havo we anything to
sweeny’s FIRST SPEECH.-
noon,
water »h poured On anything it conves '‘,0 heart nithout A\ords, then
>n direct contivf t with it—so thc :,’>t *be Htrlr
Spirit. He again •peaks of putting!
M ifoAv heart in them. To put nj
thing in a person you must operate'
directly Upon him. The valley ol]
dry bones, representing the Israel-
ites, are said to have been moved]
ftpon b}* the Spirit, and they were]
wire words, and these words converted Baptisrrf Of t lie Spirit is never cal led
' the multitude, but they never got conversion,-ami it is not conversion
the Spirit until alter they had bee*n We are baptized (in Ava-tcr) by
On thc heart of thc king. _
er place the Lord says’ "I will pour «**««» **‘ ,be Spirit,, and fifty things words to them and they were pierc- convey the idea that we are baptized j bri|Jg (lown the arm and the *Arcngth 1 d“’withthe'oiiertViona of Atf
water on him that is thirsty, I will predicted of the Spirit that are not ed in their hearts. That’s how. The without being taught, just ly a di- Lf milst.uiar action is all' thc time j upon tho Haint wheth6fthat be dr-
pour my Spin* upon,” etc/ When ‘d 'rord; Satan ^H'ratos upon Spirit was in Deter, and he spoke] rod .over"whclnmigdeseent of ‘V”*; I going on. The story of the cross, | ^ct or indirect.- Wc are inquiring
ihe sufferings and death of Christ if the Spirit operates immediately
are not precluded in oin* theory, but • Upon the sinner’s heart in conversion/
. . . . . . , . are used as in Alienees to get man tO| j eXpiained what is meant by mc<H-
bapt.zed tor remission ot sms. Jesrnr thonty of the Spirit, which said :.(.0,lscnt to receive thc Spirit, for it | ate an(1 immctiiato action. Iadn/.t-
suid the Comforter was to be given, ’ through Peter on Pentecost, “repent tb)0S noj force
1
au-
Tlie question before u> is not that
there is a Spirit. It is not that the,
Spirit operates—-wc .>11 agiVe on
that. It is now it operates. Web-
ster’* dictionary says ‘immediately’!
and it was to be in thc apostles, but and be baptized for remission of Tbt.sc are all in
he said the ivorM could not receive j rina.” But my friend says he is <»*» * and are going on at tho same time
him. He was to reprove the world* the safe wide here, and has all wetbc ,ftivc( operation tal«*s place: Wc
how did ho do this? By Avorda spo-• have find more besides. Even so, ayree ‘{iat it is thc blood of Christ
here, and has all
besides. Even so,
Aiade to shake ; and then ho says be ] ineann Avithout any intervening ken by tho apostles. Jesus said this] vt'\i'*it^is^ruinous beyond*ex* washes away sins, but it i-# the
Would put his Spirit in them. Here ; cause or agency—when there is no | Comforter would not speak ot him- jMVSSjon_u,** blqu.f 0f a direct op- Spirit that applies that blood to the
is direct action. I read tbis from cause or agent
between the first Ihe Samaritans,my lriend says, oration of the Spirit. Yoh keep ( heart. It is the Spirit that begets
♦he Old Testament toslioAV you how I cause and its effect. My hand, here, received the Spirit direct, like the people (penitent believers) waiting, the spirit, and that? is a direct ac-
Jcsus’aml the apostles must have affects my hand* and when J take apostles. \cry well. But avus that and weeping,and mourning for Axeeks,-^.^^ ^re c;in nof think that any-
undcretood the matter. Joel gays, j the book in my band and let it liill convert them? l'bey were ab. fpfluence of *tlie 'spirit—wa\TingU«t j but tbc Spirit can apply the
** I will pour out my Spirit uj»on you.” on my other hand, it is still niy hand ready converted. rl hey “ believed V(Mir mourning bench in great agony j blood of Christ to our souls. He j must operate directly; but that is ri
Ncmeinbcr, then, that people hail affecting my hand, but not immedi-. Philip preaching the thingsCoucern- ajnl ;.«>rroAv—^for something they can reads Watsoto ami other authors to1 ^Continued on lourth page.-J
itselt on any one.' ^e«l that the Spirit converts, but al-
place ami do good,1 way8by means. Christ is between,
and the trnth is bctAveen, and tlio
Spirit was not to speak of himself,
but of Christ, but if it Avcre a direct
operation, it would bo the Spirit’s
work AYithout Christ or (he truth.
In this case man has no volition. I
showed yon, from his own authori-
ties, that in heathen lands, where
the}’ have not thc gospel, tho Spirit
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Burnett, Thomas R. & Carlton, Charles. The Christian Messenger. (Bonham, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 13, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 14, 1875, newspaper, April 14, 1875; Bonham, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth974148/m1/1/?rotate=90: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting Bonham Public Library.