[An essay by Margaret Nelson Rowley] Page: 1 of 18
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IT1O S OF TAE NEdRO REVO,
~ . . led Negro Revolut ici'
53 would necessitate a volume of words far beyond the score
of this paper. The historical background alone might fill an
entire book. This is a movement so completely interwoven with
,he development of the United States as a whole and so all embarm
ng in its ramifications that to do justice to it would require
he writing of a social history of the Nation and its people0 7 a i
aper can do little more than present Bore facts and raise some
question which may be useful to the student0 Its purpose is tc
encourage further reading on and discussion of the topic rather
han to put forth definitive answers and final solutions (if, ihideed,
here are any!). The presentation will begin with a definition of
the Revolution, including is characteristics and causes. It will
then proceed to a brief analyses of the present situation in the North
End the South with respect to the desegregation movement. Next it
.ill consider some of the methods used in the process of desegregation
and finally pose some ' I n r'-n- by Nr'r'oes nr whites as
a ial patterns change
The Negro Revolution of 1963 neither began nor ended in that
1963 simply marked an increase in tempo, a broadening of
interest basis and a shift in emphasis on methods in a movement that
ad its roots in events of the last one hundred years. The Negro's
demand for full citizenship and equality of opportunity in employme:
educationn and housing reaches back to the Emancipation Proclamation
and beyond. Negro Protest in one form or the other has always been
?art of American History. As early as 1786 Richard Allen, Absolom
ones, and other Negro churchmen staged the first "Kneel-in." in "'o s
Of the establishment of segregation at St. George Church in
hiladelphia0 Protests in literature, riots, resolutions, and em a
ases has been vigorous and constant, especially since 1900. Ever
:e student participation is not new . At the beginning of Worl
ar I, College students at Howard, Fisk, Tuskegee, Atlanta Universit,
-rnd other Negro institutions began "A program of agitation for the
raining of Negro officers." In May, 1917, they established a
central Committee of Negro College Men at Howard University to rat e
and seek candidates to carry on the fight
he so-called Revolution of 1963 is a mass n oven it by hegi oes
North as well as in the South to secure full ditizenship and
equality of opportunity in the economic sphere. It was given impet:
"y the Supreme Court School Desegregation Decision of 1954, the
Tontgoxnery Bus boycott of 1955, and the Student Demonstration Mo'
ent begun at North Carolina College in 1960. It is characterize-
'y (1) a shift from emphasis on legalism to more direct action; byo*n Hope Franklir
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Rowley, Margaret Nelson. [An essay by Margaret Nelson Rowley], text, 1964/1966; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1884476/m1/1/?q=%221964~%22: accessed August 15, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu.; crediting UNT Libraries Special Collections.